Quy Tc Vng Khi Thuyt Trnh Bng PowerPoint p

Bn c yu cu trnh by mt d n cho sp vo tun ti. Chc chn l bn phi cn n mt slide PowerPoint tht chuyn nghip.
Vn

l:

Bn s s dng bao nhiu slide?

Bn c th dng bao nhiu ch?
Bn nn ni trong bao lu, c gi hay ngn hn?
Bn ang phn vn? Guy Kawasaki, mt tc gi ni ting v cng l mt nh u t mo him, s gip bn v cu tr li c th lm bn ngc
nhin.

Guy Kawasaki xy dng quy tc 10-20-30 cho bi thuyt trnh bng PowerPoint nh sau:
10: s slide ti u cho mt bi thuyt trnh
20: thi lng ti a bn trnh by
30: c ch ti thiu trn cc slide

Quy tc 1: 10 slide buc ngi thuyt trnh phi la

chn khn ngoan
Chc chn rng, 10 c v nh l mt con s ty , nhng t mt gii hn v s lng cc slide m bn c php l mt hn ch y gi tr.
Hu ht mi ngi c th s dng 20, hoc 30, hoc 100 slide cho mt bi thuyt trnh ko di 1 gi. Gim con s ny xung n 10 buc bn
phi nh gi c s cn thit ca tng slide. Cng ging nh mi yu t ca qu trnh trnh chiu, nu slide no khng cn thit, th cn
c ct gim i.
N cng khuyn khch ngi thuyt trnh thit k mt cch khn ngoan. Thng thng mt thit k biu n tt loi b c s cn thit
cho 5 slide dng bullet.

Quy tc 2: 20 pht l di truyn t mt vic

to tt.
Cng ging nh cc hn ch v s lng cc slide, mt hn ch v thi gian ni s buc bn phi chnh sa khng thng tic. Ct gim
nhng slidebar bun ci . Ct gim c nhng li nh kiu pha tr Ti hnh phc khi c y. Ct gim nhng cu chuyn khng cn
thit cho s truyn t thng ip ca bn. Ct gim nhng chi tit rng m ch c 5% ca khn gi quan tm n, thay vo bn s gi qua
email sau bui thuyt trnh. Khi bn c th ct tt c nhng vic , bn c th giao tip vi chnh xc v s ngn gn.
Martin Luther King Jr. ch cn 17 pht chia s c m ca mnh. Cn iu g lm cho bn ngh rng bn cn nhiu thi gian hn th
na?

Quy tc 3: C ch 30 m bo kh nng c

Tr khi bn c mt lng rt ng khn gi v mt mn hnh chiu rt nh, c ch 30 s c c bi tt c mi ngi. Ln hn c l l tt

hn, nhng y l mt ngng thp hp l chp nhn c.
Trong khi phng ch 30 vn cn cho php bn t rt nhiu t trn mt slide, t nht th khn gi ca bn vn c th c chng.

K nng trnh by: B quyt son Slide PowerPoint tuyt p

PowerPoint p - Thng tin bi vit ny cc k hu ch cho nhng ai quan tm n PowerPoint, c bit l nhng ging vin hoc thuyt
trnh vin chuyn ng bc ging o to.
y l nhng qui c v nguyn tc chung trong thit k mt bi PowerPoint p v chuyn nghip.
Trong mt hi ngh khoa hc 3 ngy, mt khn gi trung bnh phi nhn v nghe t 300 n 500 slide. l mt s lng rt ln, v rt kh nh ht.
Mc tiu ca ngi ng bc l phi gip cho ngi nghe lnh hi vn nhanh, tiu ha thng tin nhanh v ch vo bi bo co ca mnh (K nng
trnh by).
B
quyt
son
Slide
PowerPoint
tuyt
p:
Nguyn tc chung l cng t ch, cng tt. t ch c ngha l ngi nghe tp trung vo nhng g tc gi ni (thay v vit). C nhin, tc gi khng
bao gi c slide.
1. Cn thn vi PowerPoint

1.

Nu chng ta c 20 hp sn, chng ta khng t nhin tr thnh ha s. Tng t, nu chng ta c 20 slides, chng ta khng hn c mt bi bo co
m ch l mt lot slides. c mt bo co tt, tc gi i hi phi thc tp rt nhiu.
Mt trong nhng vn ca PowerPoint l tnh ng dng.
Ba c im sau y lm cho bo co kh theo di:
Nhng slide u c mt format ging nhau

2.

Dng im bullet trong mi slide

3.

Dng mt mu nn duy nht

4.

Mi slide cn phi c mt ta
c im 1-3 c th lm cho ngi theo di mt mi, v lp i lp li nhiu ln. Nu c, c gng sng ch ra nhiu mu nn khc nhau dng
trong bi ni chuyn; nu khng c nhiu mu nn, th ch dng mu nn ht sc n gin.
Ta trn mi slide cng ging nh bng ch ng. Bng ch ng dn dt cu chuyn mt cch logic v l th. Do , tc gi cn phi suy ngh
cch t ta cho mi slide sao cho n gin nhng khn gi bit mnh ang u trong cu chuyn. Sau y l vi hng dn cho cch son
slide.
2. Mi slide ch nn trnh by mt tng
y l iu quan trng: mt slide ch nn trnh by mt tng, khng nn nhi nht hn mt tng vo mt slide. Do , tt c nhng bullet, d
liu, hoc biu trong slide ch nn dng ym tr cho tng chnh.

 tng ca slide c th th hin qua ta ca slide. Nu ta slide khng chuyn ti c tng mt cch nhanh chng, th din gi s phi tn
th gi gii thch v c th lm long hay lm cho khn gi l ng vn .
3. Slide trnh by theo cng thc n x n
Mt slides c qu nhiu ch (text) s lm khn gi kh theo di v tng b long. Mi slide, nu ch c ch, th nn tun th theo cng thc n by
n. Cng thc ny c ngha l nu quyt nh mi slide c 5 dng ch th mi dng ch nn c 5 ch. Mt slide khng nn c qu 6 dng ch (n < 7).
4. Vit slide theo cng thc telegraphic
Gia c v nghe, ci no lm cho khn gi d theo di hn?
Cu tr li l c, bi v c i hi t n lc hn l nghe. Nu din gi son slide vi qu nhiu ch, th khn gi s c ch khng nghe. Nhng din
gi cn khn gi phi nghe hn l c (v h c th c bi bo hay bo co khoa hc chi tit hn). Do , son slide ngn gn s gip khn gi tiu ra
t th gi c v dnh nhiu th gi lng nghe din gi.
Cch vit slide tt nht l cch vit telegraphic. l cch vit ngn gn, nh phng vin t ta bn tin. Ni cch khc, l cch vit khng
tun theo vn phm Anh ng, khng cn phi c mt cu vn hon chnh. C th l trnh dng mo t (the, a/an) v c gng vit ngn, b nhng ch
khng cn thit.
Ngoi ra, c gng chn nhng ch ngn nht, nhng cu vn ngn nht (nu c th). Chng hn nh:
Thay v vit
Th nn vit
Regarding
On
However
But
Furthermore
Also
Consequently
So
Necessary
Needed
C th ly vi v d minh ha cho cch vit ngn nh sau:
Thay v vit
Th nn vit
We needed to make a comparison of x and y
We needed to compare x and y
There is a possibility that X will fail
X may fail
Evaluating the component
Evaluating components
The user decides his/her settings
Users decide their settings
The activity of testing is a laborious process
Testing is laborious
No need for the following
No need for
Various methods can be used to solve this
Methods:
problem such as
5. Dng bullet
Bullet thng hay c s dng trong cc bi ni chuyn bng powerpoint, nhng cn phi cn nhc khng nn dng qu nhiu bullet trong mt bi
ni chuyn. Nguyn tc cn bn l khng lp li nhng t trong cc bullet. V d, thay v vit
The advantages of using this system are

it will enable researchers to limit the time needed in the laboratory

it will help researchers to find the data they need
it will permit researchers to produce more accurate results
th nn vit ngn gn hn nh sau:
Advantages for researchers:

limits lab time

finds relevant data
produces more accurate results
hay thm ch n gin v chuyn nghip hn:
The system enables researchers to
limit lab time
find relevant data
produce more accurate results
6. Dng biu v hnh nh
Ngi xa c cu mt hnh c gi tr bng hng vn ch ni ln tm quan trng ca biu . Tht vy, chng ta thng nh biu hn l nh
nhng bng s liu chi cht. Chng ta cng d cm nhn v c n tng vi biu hn l con s. Biu c gi tr rt lu, v ngi ta thng trch
dn biu trong cc hi ngh khoa hc. Do , cn phi u t thi gian suy ngh v cch trnh by biu mt cch c ngha.

C nhiu dng biu v mi dng ch c th p dng cho mt tnh hung c bit. Mt s hng dn chung c th tm lc nh sau:
Loi biu
Mc ch
Ti a
Hnh trn (Pie chart)
Biu thanh (bar chart)

Phn trm, c cu
3 5 slides
Dng so snh, tng quan, xp
5 7 slides
hng
Biu tn x (scatter plot)
M t bin i theo thi gian, mi
1 2 slides
tng quan
Bng s liu
So snh s liu
3 ct v 5 dng
Hnh nh cartoons
Minh ha
1 2 slides
Trong mi biu hay bng s liu, cn phi ch nh danh v n v ca trc honh v trc tung. Biu hay bng s liu nn c thit k mt
cch n gin v chin lc (tc nhm vo im cn trnh by), khng nn qu tham vng v lm long ch hay im chnh ca bi ni chuyn.
Nn trnh dng hnh hot ha, v nhng hnh nh ny c th lm gim s trang trng ca bi ni chuyn. Hnh hot ha dng khng ng ch v ng
cch cng lm cho ngi xem cm thy kh theo di thng ip chnh ca bi ni chuyn.
7. Font v c ch
C hai nhm font ch chnh: nhm ch khng c chn (sans serif) v nhm c chn. Nhm sans serif bao gm Arial, Comic Sans, Papyrus, v.v. Nhm
font ch c chn bao gm Times New Roman, Courier, Script, v.v. Nhiu nghin cu tm l ch ra rng font ch sans serif thng d c. Ngi c
tiu ra t thi gian c cc font ch nh Arial hn l Times hay Times New Roman. Chnh v th m cc i gia internet nh Google, yahoo,
Firefox, Amazon, YouTube, v.v. u dng font ch Arial, hay cc font tng t.

V c ch (size), phn ln cc chuyn gia khuyn co nn dng c (size) t 18 tr ln. Nu dng font ch vi c <18 khn gi s kh c, nht l trong
cc hi trng rng. Ring phn ta , c font ch phi 40 n 50. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp phi trnh by ti liu tham kho th font size khong
12-14 c th chp nhn c.
Khng bao gi dng ch vit hoa nh THIS IS A TEST. Ch vit hoa c hiu l la ht, mt lch s. Ngoi ra, ch vit hoa cng kh c v kh theo
di. Tuy nhin, c th vit nghing hay t m (bold-faced), nhng ng nn lm dng nhng cch vit ny. Ch dng gch t khi cn nhn mnh
mt iu g quan trng; nu khng th nn trnh cch vit ny.
8. Mu
Chn mu cho ch cng l mt ngh thut. Mu v mu cam l mu high-energy nhng rt kh tp trung. Mu xanh l cy, xanh nc bin, v
nu l nhng mu ngt du, nhng kh gy ch . Mu v xanh l cy c th kh thy i vi nhng ngi vi hi chng m mu.
Cch chn mu cn ty vo bi cnh v mi trng. Cng cn phn bit mu ch (text color) v mu nn (background color). Tu trung li, kinh
nghim cho thy:

Nu hi trng nh hay ging dy (lecture): chn ch mu ti trn nn sng. V d nh ch mu en hay mu xanh m v nn trng;
Nu hi trng rng ln: chn ch sng trn nn ti, nh ch mu trng / vng trn nn xanh m.
Trnh slide vi ch mu xanh l cy v mu nn (hay ch mu trn nn mu xanh l cy), v rt nhiu ngi b m mu vi s kt hp ny. Ni
chung trnh chn mu nn v y l loi mu high energy d lm cho mt b mt v kh theo di.