Warm-Up

Monday| December 1st, 2014

1. Why do you think there are cracks in the sidewalk?

2. If you take a bottle of pop and put it in the freezer, what do you

expect to happen?
3. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an electrically

neutral atom of Copper-57?

4. How many particles are there in 16 moles of Strontium?
5. What is the formula for magnesium bromide?

SATWOTD

Spurn (v)

Reject with disdain or contempt

Agenda
Warm Up/SATWOTD
Announcements
Unit 6: Gas Laws
Diffusion
Exit Ticket

Announcements
Happy December!!
Only 15 school days till Winter Break!!

Any (all) make-ups & retests for Unit 4 & Unit 5

must be completed THIS WEEK!! By

appointment
If you miss an appointment Zip. Zero.

Unit 6 Gas Laws Quest on Friday

KMT & Pressure

Set up your notes

Unit 6: Gas Laws

Q: What is Matter?
Matter is made up of particles (atoms, molecules)
Particles
VERY, VERY small
Have mass and volume
Mass to volume ratio (density) is different
depending on substances

Demo: Diffusion of Liquids

Eye Level:
Describe how the dye spread in the hot water. Describe how the dye spread in
the cold water.
Particle Level:
Now put your descriptions into pictures ON THE PARTICLE LEVEL.

Initial
HOT

COLD

Final

Answer these questions

Write in complete sentences. Do not copy the question.

Discussion:
How air freshener spreading across a room similar to what causes the dye to
spread out in the water?
How did temperature (both hot and cold) affect the diffusion?
How does adding heat affect the particles and how the move?

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Gas particles
are moving constantly and randomly.
Collisions transfer motion and energy
When heat energy is added to a system - temperature AND speed

OKAY this seems like review concepts so why is

this a new unit??

Eureka!

Expansion:

Matter heats up Moves faster EXPANDS

Takes up more space

Contraction:

Matter cools down Moves slower CONTRACTS

Takes up less space

OKAY weve got that down.but theres still a little

more.

Eureka!

Q: What Did We Learn?

The hotter molecules get, the faster molecules move, the further

apart they move from each other.

We can measure molecule speed by measuring expansion.

So lets think
You sit down to watch Captain America with friends and
you make popcorn. It smells delicious. Yall are hungry
and devour the bag in less than a minute. Your brother
comes barreling down the stairs 10 minutes later asking
for some popcorn. How would you explain why he still
smells the popcorn after it is gone and why he didnt
smell it upstairs immediately when you opened the bag?

What do you see in the picture?

Warm Up

Tuesday| December 2nd, 2014

1) What is temperature?
2) When matter heats up, does it expand or contract

and why?
3) How does a thermometer work?
4) What is the ideal temperature for bath water?
5) Convert 522 moles of oxygen to liters

6) How many grams of H2 are in 45 grams of H2 O?

SATWOTD

Beseech (v)

to ask with urgency, to beg

Agenda
Warm Up/SATWOTD
U6 Continued
Can Demo
Pressure Conversions
Combined Gas Law
IMPORTANT!!!

U6 Exam = THURSDAY !!!

Make-ups/Retests DONT FORGET!!!

Demo: The Can

Background Info:
What are the characteristics of solids, liquids, and
gases in terms of particles and their
arrangement?
solid

liquid

gas

Demo: The Can

Eye Level Description: DESCRIBE what is literally happening in
front of you
Atomic Level Description: What is happening at a particle
level?
Draw what is happening
at a particle level:

Why was the can crushed so violently?

Demo: Crush the Can

PRESSURE:
A force caused by the collisions between gas
particles and the sides of their container

Q: What did we learn?

Atmospheric pressure = the pressure exerted by the
atmosphere
Can on hot plate = the water inside heats up and

evaporates to form water vapor.

Can placed in ice = the water vapor quickly
condenses into liquid water.
The rapid condensation reduces the pressure in the
can and the atmospheric pressure is so much greater
that it crushes the can!!

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

There are several units for pressure, and we can

use their equal values to convert from one to the

next.
These units include.

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

kPa kilopascals
Used frequently by meteorologists

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

torr Torr
Named after the Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

atm atmospheres
Sea level is 1 atm

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

mmHg millimeters of Mercury
Hg is the atomic symbol for Mercury

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

psi pounds per square inch
This is the what is usually used to measure the air

pressure in a car tire!

Q: What are the units for Gas Conversions?

How are they all related?
1 atm = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa = 760 mmHg = 14.7 psi

Q: How do we use these things?

Lets use the values you just copied to convert!
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS!!! (Just like 1-step
conversions!)

EXAMPLE: Convert 12 psi to torr.

Step 1: Write out your units for a conversion
Step 2: Fill in the numbers

THATS IT!

Lets Practice

Convert 2.2 atm to kPa

Step 1 Write out your units for a conversion

Step 2 Fill in the numbers

Lets Practice
Convert 844 torr to atm
Convert 10,450,217 mmHg to torr

Practice!
In your notebook, solve the following problems

with someone around you. REMEMBER: I should

not hear your individual voice!
1) Convert 185 kPa to psi
2) Convert 912 mmHg to atm
3) Convert 20.7 psi to torr

4) Convert 3.6 atm to kPa

Set up notes:

Topic: COMBINED GAS LAW

Q: What are the gas laws?

Four variables used in gas law problems:
V = volume of the gas (L)
T = temperature (K)
K stands for Kelvin.
K = oC + 273
n = number of particles (moles)
P = pressure (atmospheres)

Q: What are the gas laws?

What is the relationship between these variables?
1. Pressure and Temperature are POSITIVELY related

(when one goes up, so does the other).

2. Pressure and the number of particles (n) are

POSITIVELY related.

3. Pressure and volume are NEGATIVELY related (when

one goes up, the other goes down)!!

Combined Gas Law

What does this all boil down to?
The Combined Gas Law:

11
22
=
1
2
ALERT!!
T must ALWAYS be in Degrees KELVIN
(ie celsius +273)

Q: How do we solve?
Step 1: Identify which variables the problem gives

you.

For some problems this will be easy, but you really have

to look through word problems!!

CluesFirst: initial, beginning, start
CluesSecond: then, secondly, after, new
Look for the verb! If something is happening, you have
a __________ then ___________ situation.

Step 2: Cross out any variables you dont need

Step 3: Solve the remaining equation

Example #1
The pressure inside of a 8.1 L container is 2.5 atm. The
container expands to a volume of 10.8 L. What is the
new pressure inside the balloon?
P1 = 2.5 atm
V1 = 8.1 L
P2 = ? V2 = 10.8 L
Step 1: Identify which variables the problem gives you.
Step 2: Cross out any variables you dont need
Step 3: Solve the remaining equation

Example #2
Brittany has a 6.2L balloon of hydrogen gas at 50 K.
She leaves the balloon in her blazing hot car, and
the temperature increases to 82 C. What is the
new volume of the balloon?
V1 = 6.2 L

T1= 50 K
You must convert to
Kelvin!!!

V2 = ?

T2 = 82 C

Homework!
Unit 6 Homework
Worksheets 1 and 2

Warm Up Wednesday | December 3rd, 2014

1) Convert 143 torr to mmHg
2) Convert 123 atm to torr

TURN IN HOMEWORK
No name = TRASH

3) Jaylen has a 6.2L balloon of hydrogen gas at 50 K. He leaves

the balloon in her blazing hot car, and the temperature

increases to 82 C. What is the new volume of the balloon?
4) The pressure inside of a 9.1 L container is 5.5 atm. The

container expands to a volume of 17.8 L. What is the new

pressure inside the balloon?

Agenda
Warm Up/SATWOTD
TURN IN HOMEWORK
U6:
Ideal Gas Law
Daltons Law
Review

Announcements
Progress Reports at the end of class
Make-ups/Retests DONT FORGET

Unit 6 Assessment TOMORROW

Set up your notes

Still in Unit 6: Gas Laws

Topic: Ideal Gas Law

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT
This equation is used to predict any of these
variables when the others are held constant.
P = pressure (atm)
V = volume (L)
n = number of particles (moles)
R = gas constant (will always be 0.0821 L

atm)
T = temperature (KELVIN!)

Example #3
.89 moles of a colorless gas occupy a volume of 84.1
L and a pressure of 3.6 atm. What is the
temperature of the gas?
P = 3.6 atm

n = .89 mol

V = 84.1 L

R = .0821

T = ???

Example #4
You have a container of nitrogen gas at 24C,
occupies 120 L and holds 33 moles. What is
your pressure?
V = 120 L

R = .0821

n = 33 mol

T = 24 C

P = ???

When Do I Use Which?

Use Ideal Gas Law when solving for a
variable and everything is held constant (and
you see moles in the problem)
Use Combined Gas Law when something is
changing and you are asked for new
pressure, for example. Think Combined
Change

Q: Another Gas Law?

Definition: Pressure is created by particles

hitting against the outside of their container.

Pressure is NOT CREATED by particles hitting

into each other.

Pressure has a positive relationship with both

temperature and # of particles. It has a

negative relationship with volume.

Q: Another Gas Law?

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure =

The pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the

sum of the pressures of all of the individual gases
alone.
PressureTotal = Pressure1 + Pressure2 ... Pressuren

Practice Problems!
A container holds parts of oxygen, nitrogen, and

helium gas. The total gas pressure is 30 atm. If oxygen

takes holds 12 atm of pressure and nitrogen holds 11
atm, what pressure is given off by helium?
PressureTotal = Pressure1 + Pressure2 ... Pressuren
PressureTotal = Pressure O + Pressure N + Pressure He
30 atm = 12 atm + 11 atm + Pressure He
Pressure He = 7 atm

Practice Problems!
A container holds both carbon and oxygen gasses. If

oxygen gives off 3 atm of pressure and carbon gives off

9 atm of pressure, what is the total pressure of the
container?
PressureTotal = Pressure1 + Pressure2 ... Pressuren
Pressuretotal = 3 atm + 9 atm

You Try!
The total pressure in a container holding oxygen,

nitrogen, and carbon gas is 22 atm. If both oxygen

and nitrogen give off 7 atm of pressure, what
pressure is given off by carbon??

You can do it!

The total pressure in a system is 45 atm. The

container holds four gases, oxygen; helium;

hydrogen; and carbon. If oxygen and helium each
give 8 atm, and carbon gives 14 atm, how much
pressure is given off by hydrogen?

Independent/Partner Practice
For the time remaining, please work on the

following:
Unit 6 Worksheets 3 4
U6 Review!

VOLUME 1 (I should not hear any clear

conversations)
ON TASK 100%!