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Chapter 7 Notes

1. Analyze the quote on p 189\


- Federalist feared Jefferson-whom they denounced as an atheist
- A tool of the French
- Supporter of Thomas Paines radical demorcratic ideas
- In the picture (Mad Tom in a Rage) Jeffersons ally Thomas Paine and the Devil tear
down the federal edifice created by Washington and Adams

2. What effect did Jeffersons encouragement of farming with commerce as its handmade
have on economic development?
- In contrast to Federalists who supported a national bank enacted a host of taxes,
including the unpopular whiskey tax, Jefferson sought to reduce the burdens
government placed on the people.
- Rather than favor commerce he emphasized the encouragement of commerce as its
handmaid To achieve economy in public expens, he would scale back the size of
the government.
- Abandoning the pomp and aristocratic style of his predecessors and replacing it with
a more dramatic style defined the public face of Jeffersons presidency.
3. What does Monticello reveal about Jeffersons ideas and values?
- The home Jefferson designed himself , in the mountains of western Virginia.
- People who were invited found themselves in an architectural masterpiece that
confidently proclaimed its owners wealth and exquisite taste.
- Other quests he had dinner with were treated quite the opposite.
4. Does Jeffersons apparent contradiction affect his legacy?
- Frederalists pointed out the obvious contradiction between the presidents support for
democracy and his own aristocratic tastes in architecture, food and wine.
- His enemies also highlighted the contradiction between Jeffersons impassioned
defense of liberty and his life as a slaveholder.
- Slaves vastly outnumbered Monticellos free while population, which included
Jeffersons family and white laborers on the mountaintop.
5. Explain Jeffersons remark that the states were the principal care of our persons, our
property
- Jefferson remained committed to the ideal of a republican system in which the states,
not the federal, retained most authority.
- With states rights in mind Jefferson reduced the size of the federal government
- To make up for loss of income from the repeal Jefferson relied on the sale of Western
lands and tariffs on imports
- Jefferson slashed the budget of the navy and army, reducing the size of both

Without a powerful navy to protect American merchant ships, France and Britain
could threaten the nations commerce

6. Read and analyze p 196


- Jefferson instructed Secretary of State James Madison to withhold any of the new
appointments that arrived after he was sworn in as president.
- Disappointed office seeker, William Marbury, sued Madison, seeking a court order to
compel Jefferson to turn over his commission.
- Marbury vs Madison (1803) strengthened the powers of the federal judiciary, fixing
the doctrine of judicial review as a cornerstone of American constitutional law.
- Marshall used a technical legal issue to avoid showdown between the executive and
the judiciary
- Marshall declared part of an earlier law, the Judiciary act of 1789, unconstitutional
7. Do you agree with Jeffersons policy of peaceable coercion?
- Hoping to avoid war with the British and French, Jefferson proposed a policy of
peaceable coercion
- The embargo act of 1807 became the cornerstone of Jeffersons plan of peaceable
coercion that attempted to block U.S. trade with England and France to force them to
respect American neutrality.
- It proved unpopular in New England and seaports, which it hit the shipping business
hard.
- American exports fell from $108 million in 1807 to $22 million inh1808
- Jeffersons efforts to avoid foreign conflict suggests, the embargo did not intimidate
Britain or France, but it weakened the American economy.
8. Does Tecumsehs response to American encroachment earn him respect as a leader?
- Britains lucrative trade with these Indians included the sale of firearms, and these
weapons proved especially useful to Tecumseh, whose pan-Indian resistance
movement was gathering followers as Indians faced further encroachments on their
land.
- Tecumseh worked to convince various tribes to unite to oppose further American
expansion.
- After the attack Tecumseh entered into a formal alliance with the British, who
supplied further arms to the Indians. (p203)
- Tecusmseh and his allies stepped up attacks on American settlements along the
frontier.

9. Read and analyze documents on p 204.


- War Hawks were young Republican congressmen from the South and West who were
intensely nationalistic, resented British attacks on American rights, and favored an
aggressive policy of expansion into Indian-occupied territory and the annexation of
Canada.

Feliz Grundy was a prominent War Hawk from Tennesse, charged that the British had
instigated Indian violence against Americans.
Virginian conservative John Randolph a prominent Old Republican became a vocal
critic of he war.

10. How did you interpret the actions of the faction of the Federalists at Hartford?
-Hartford Conventions was a meeting of Federalists in Hartford, Connecticut, to protest
the War of 1812. Then convention proposed several constitutional amendments intended
to weaken the powers of the slave states and protect New England interest.
- The convention delegates proposed constitutional amendments that would strengthen
New Englands influence in the Union
- In particular, they sought to require two-thirds majority for commercial regulations,
declarations of war, and the admission of new states.
-To weaken the Souths influence in Congress, the Hartford Convention also called for a
repeal of the three-fifths compromise, which allowed Southerners to count a percentage
of their slaves for the purposes of determining a states representation in the House.
11. How did Jacksons actions in Florida influence foreign policy and leadership?
- America had long been eager to wrest Florida fromSpain
- In March 1818, Andrew Jackson led a raid into Spanish Florida to attack the
Seminoles
- Under the pretext of protecting American settlements against Indian attack, he
captured two Spanish forts, thereby further weakening Spains bargaining position
- Rather than risk war, Spain ceded all claims to Florida and recognized U.S.
sovereignty in Louisiana in the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819.

12. Was the Monroe Doctrine a feasible policy as well as a good will gesture toward Latin
America?
- The Monroe Doctrine was a foreign policy statement by President Monroe declaring
that the Americas were no longer open to colonization and that United States would
view any effort to reassert colonial control over independent nations in the Western
Hemisphere as a threat to America
- Building on the goodwill generated by the resolution of the northern boundary issue
between the United States and Canada, Britains foreign minister suggested in 1823
that the United States and Britain issue a declaration that neither intended to annex
the newly liberated states in Spanish America.

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