B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TP.HCM

KHOA IN IN T
B MN IN T CNG NGHIP

N TT NGHIP
NGNH:
ti:

THIT K.
GVHD: ThS.
SVTH :
MSSV :

Thnh ph H Ch Minh 1/2015

LI CAM OAN
Ti cam oan y l cng trnh nghin cu ca ti.
Cc s liu, kt qu nu trong lun vn l trung thc v cha tng c ai cng b
trong bt k cng trnh no khc
Tp. H Ch Minh, ngy thng nm 2014

(K tn v ghi r h tn)

LI CM N
Em xin chn thnh cm n qu thy c trong b mn in T Cng Nghip
trang b cho em kin thc v gip em gii quyt nhng kh khn trong qu
trnh lm n.
t bit em xin chn thnh cm n Thy hng dn, T.S . tn tnh
gip trong qu trnh la chn ti v h tr em trong qu trnh thc hin.
Sinh vin

Nguyn Vn A

TM TT
Trang tm tt vit ngn ngn ni dung ca ti( l do chn ti, dng
phng php g, kt qu t c l g..). Trnh by trong mt trang.
VD:
Tnh cp
thit ca
ti

T ng l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh gy nhng chn thng

nghim trng cho ngi gi nh gy xng hay chn thng s no, tng nguy c
t vong. Thm vo , n cn gy ra vn tm l do vic s ng. Tuy nhin,

L do
chn
ti

nhng hu qu nguy him c th thuyn gim nu pht hin vic t ng mt cch

kp thi. Trong nhng nm gn y, cc nh nghin cu pht trin nhiu phng
php pht hin v nhn dng t ng c chnh xc cao, phc v cho vic chm sc
sc khe cho ngi gi c tt hn. Trong ti ny, ngi thc hin thit k mt

Phng
php
thc hin

h thng nhn bit t ng v cnh bo. D liu thu thp t cm bin gia tc eo trn
ngi s dng s qua b lc trung bnh tn hiu phng hn. c tnh ca tn hiu
c trch xut bng phng php phn tch thnh phn chnh Principal component
analysis (PCA). nhn dng, cng c vector h tr Support Vector Machines

Kt qu

(SVM) c p dng hun luyn v nhn dng t ng hay khng. Cc kt qu th

nghim trn 1 ngi vi cc trng hp vn ng cho thy tin cy ca h thng.

ABSTRACT
Trang tm tt bng ting Anh
VD:

Falls in elderly people are one of main reasons which cause serious injuries

such as hip fractures and head traumas, and can even increase the risk of early
death. Moreover, it can result in psychological problems from fear of falling.
However, serious consequences could be reduced by a timely fall detection. In
recent years, the researchers have developed many methods, for detecting and
recognizing falls accurately, and for taking care of the elderly thoughtfully. In this
thesis, a fall detection system using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method
will be proposing. Data collected by a trial-axis accelerometer will be pre-processed
using a mean filter for getting more smoothly data. Characteristics of the filtered
signals will be extracted using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method.
The Support Vector Machines will be employed to train and recognize fall/normal
situations. Experiment results will be done many trials on one or many subject to
illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

MC LC
Trang ta

TRANG

LI CAM OAN ...................................................................................................... ii

LI CM N ............................................................................................................ ii
TM TT ................................................................................................................. iii
ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. iv
MC LC ...................................................................................................................v
DANH SCH BNG .............................................................................................. vii
DANH SCH HNH............................................................................................... viii
Chng 1
TNG QUAN .............................................................................................................1
1.1 Tng Quan V Lnh Vc Nghin Cu ...............................................................1
1.2 Mc ch Ca Ti ........................................................................................2
1.3 Nhim V V Gii Hn Ca Ti ..................................................................2
1.3.1 Nhim V ...........................................................................................................2
1.3.2 Gii Hn .............................................................................................................2
1.4 Phng Php Nghin Cu ..................................................................................2
1.5 Tm Tt Ti ..................................................................................................3
Chng 2
C S L THUYT ..................................................................................................4
2.1 nh Ngha T ......................................................................................................4
2.1.1 nh Ngha ........................................................................................................4
2.1.2 Cc k ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.3 Cc yu t nh hng ....................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Cc phng php nhn dng ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.3 Phng php s d ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chng 3
THIT K H THNG..............................................................................................7
3.1 Phn Cng H Thng .........................................................................................7
3.1.1 Module cm bin ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2 Tn hiu ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chng 4
PHNG PHP ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 Tin x l d liu ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Thut ton ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Chng 5
KT LUN .................................................................................................................8
5.1 Kt Lun .............................................................................................................8
5.2 Hng Pht Trin ...............................................................................................8
TI LIU THAM KHO ...........................................................................................9
PH LC ..................................................................................................................10

DANH SCH BNG

BNG

TRANG

Bng 2.1 chnh xc trong phn loi ca tt c thut ton . Error! Bookmark not
defined.

DANH SCH HNH

HNH

TRANG

Hnh 1.1 Biu s v t vong do ng theo tui v gii tnh ti M nm 2005 .......1

viii

Chng 1. Tng Quan

Chng 1

TNG QUAN
1.1

Tng Quan V Lnh Vc Nghin Cu

Gii thiu v ti, c nhng nghin cu no trong nc v ngoi nc

nghin cu v vn ny. Trong mi nghin cu, phi trch dn ti liu tham kho,
v phi nhn xt u im v nhc im ca nghin cu (t c g, nghin
cu bao nhiu trng hp..). Kt hp biu , bng, hnh gii thiu kt qu
ca cc nghin cu trc
VD:
T ng l tai nn ph bin v nguy him ngi gi. Khc vi ngi tr,
ngi ln tui khng cn s linh hot, phn x km nguy c b t ng rt cao. Mt
khi t th h rt kh khn t mnh ng dy hay s cu. V nguy c ng tng
dn theo tui: theo mt bo co ca T Chc Y T Th Gii (WHO) [1], c
khong 28 - 35 % ngi tui trn 65 ng 2- 4 ln mi nm v tng ln 32-42%
tui trn 70 ng 5-7 ln nh trnh by trong Hnh 1.1.

Hnh 1.1 Biu s v t vong do ng theo tui v gii tnh ti M nm

2005
Khi trnh by nghin cu, s liu bng, hnh phi r ngun gc ca ti
liu, trch dn c nh s [1], [2].. ngay sau trch dn (VD: theo mt bo co
1

Chng 1. Tng Quan

ca T Chc Y T Th Gii (WHO) [1]) s th t theo th t ti liu xut hin
u n n cui n. Th t ny cng chnh l th t trong MC TI LIU
THAM KHO.
Hnh trong n nu khng phi t v, phi ghi r ngun gc t u (trong
bo co ca ai) (VD: Xem hnh 1.1
Mc ch Ca Ti

1.2

Nu mc ch chn ti, dng phng php g, lm c nhng g..

VD:
Mc ch ca ti l xy dng h thng pht hin vic t ng s dng cm
bin gia tc ba trc v p dng phng php nhn dng da trn thut ton ngng
v thut ton vector h tr (SVM) pht hin ngi ngi s dng thit b c t
v a ra cnh bo bng chung v in thoi cho s in thoi ci t.
1.3

Nhim V V Gii Hn Ca Ti

1.3.1

Nhim V
- Nu thc hin ti nh th no.

VD:

1.3.2

Tm hiu tn hiu a, b, c..

Kho st cm bin..

Thi cng h thng.

Gii Hn

ti ch lm ti u..
VD:
- Khong cch truyn d liu trong phm vi 30 m.
- S lng mu trong mi ln thu thp l 150 mu.
- Th nghim trong mt mi trng.
1.4

Phng Php Nghin Cu

Nu ln Phuong php s dng trong tng giai on thc hin.

VD:
2

Chng 1. Tng Quan

Thu thp d liu
Tin x l d liu: thc hin lc nhiu bng b lc trung bnh ng.
X l d liu: p dung phng php phn tch thnh phn chnh (PCA)
tm cc c trng.
Nhn dng: a cc c trng thu c vo hun luyn v nhn dng
bng thut .. a d liu qua b lc so snh gi tr ngng.
nh gi kt qu nhn dng bng hai phng php.
1.5

Tm Tt Ti

Nh vy, vi cc yu cu v nhim v v mc tiu ra, lun vn c xy

dng bao gm cc chng sau:
- Chng 1: Tng quan. Chng ny trnh by khi qut v lnh vc nghin
cu, tnh hnh nghin cu, tm quan trng, ngi ngi thc hin ti
t ra mc tiu.
- Chng 2: Chng ny trnh by c s l thuyt v mt s phng php
nhn dng
- Chng 3: Trnh by v thit k h thng
- Chng 4:
- ...
- Chng 5: Phn kt lun v hng pht trin ca ti.

Chng 2. C S L Thuyt

Chng 2

C S L THUYT
2.1

nh Ngha

2.1.1

nh Ngha ..

Trong phn c s l thuyt, phi trnh by c l thuyt v ti: thut ton

s dng l g, nh l, cng thc no ..
Cng thc phi nh s theo tng chng v phi ghi bng Equation.
VD:
Cng thc trong chng 2
(2.1)

(2.2)

Cng thc trong chng 3

Y=

(3.1)

Tn hnh c di hnh

Hnh 2.1 Tn hiu gia tc trc v sau khi qua b lc

Chng 2. C S L Thuyt
Nu c nhiu hnh nh trong 1 hnh ln th nh th t a) , b).
VD

a)

b)

Hnh 2.2 Tn hiu gia tc trong cc trng hp t ng

a) Trng hp t gh bn phi
b) Trng hp t gh bn tri
Trong hnh m t thit b hoc cc tn hiu, phi ch r trong khong c ngha g
(VD: t 0 n 1s l thi gian khi ng.), v cc ghi ch trn hnh
VD:

Hnh 2.3 Cu to bn trong ca module thu

i vi bng biu, tn bng phi t ngay trn bng.

VD:
Bng 2.1 M t cc chn tn hiu ca LCD loi 16 chn
5

Chng 2. C S L Thuyt
Chc nng

Chn

Lu : Tt c bng biu v hnh v khi trnh by, phi c nhn xt, bnh lun ngay
di hnh v bng.
VD:
Bng 2.1 m t chc nng tng chn ca loi LCD 16 chn,..
Tn hiu trong Hnh 2.2 c thu trong trng hp t ng, vi ng tn hiu
mu

Chng 3. Thit K H Thng

Chng 3

THIT K H THNG
3.1

Phn Cng H Thng

Chng 5. Kt lun

Chng 5

KT LUN
5.1

Kt Lun

Trong phn kt lun, phi nu lm c g, kt qu ra sao (u tin dng bng so

snh kt qu, mc chnh xc.), t c g so vi mc tiu t ra ban u.
VD:
Bng 5.1 chnh xc trung bnh v lch chun vi phng php ngng

5.2

Mc ngng

chnh xc trung bnh (%)

lch chun (%)

1.8 g

96,25

10,6

Hng Pht Trin

Nu hng pht trin, cn ci thin phn no

Ti Liu Tham Kho

TI LIU THAM KHO

Trong phn ti liu tham kho, trnh by ng th th, theo c php
[s th t] Tn tc gi, tn ti liu, tn tp ch (hoc tn nh xut bn), nm pht
hnh, trang.
Khuyn khch s dng phn mm Endnote to ti liu tham kho.
VD:
[1] WHO, Global report on Falls Prevention in older Age, 2007,vol, pp.
[2] Xiaoxiao D, Meng W, Davidson B, Mahoor M, Jun Z, Image-Based Fall
Detection with Human Posture Sequence Modeling, Healthcare Informatics
(ICHI), 2013 IEEE International Conference, 2013,vol, pp. 376-81.
[3] Mirmahboub B, Samavi S, Karimi N, Shirani S, Automatic monocular system
for human fall detection based on variations in silhouette area, Biomedical
Engineering, IEEE Transactions, 2013,vol, pp. 427-36.
[4] Litvak D, Zigel Y, Gannot I, Fall detection of elderly through floor vibrations
and sound, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 EMBS 2008
30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, 2008,vol, pp. 4632-5.
[5] Wen-Chang C, Ding-Mao J, Triaxial Accelerometer-Based Fall Detection
Method Using a Self-Constructing Cascade-AdaBoost-SVM Classifier,
Biomedical and Health Informatics, IEEE Journal, 2013,vol, pp. 411-9.
[6] Dean M. Karantonis MRN, Merryn Mathie,NigelH.Lovell and Branko G. Celler,
Implementation of a Real-Time Human Movement Classifier Using a Triaxial
Accelerometer for Ambulatory Monitoring, IEEE Transactions On Information
Technology In BiomedicinE,, 2006,vol 10, pp.
[7] Bourke AK, OBrien JV, Lyons GM, Evaluation of a threshold-based tri-axial
accelerometer fall detection algorithm, Gait & Posture, 2007,vol 26, pp. 194-9.
[8] Mubashir M, Shao L, Seed L, A survey on fall detection: Principles and
approaches, Neurocomput, 2013,vol 100, pp. 144-52.
[9] Alwan M, Rajendran, P. J., Kell, S., Mack, D., Dalal, S., Wolfe, M., Felder, R,
A smart and passive floor-vibration based fall detector for elderly, Information
and Communication Technologies, 2006,vol 1, pp. 1003-7.
9

Ph Lc

PH LC
Phn ph lc trnh bi v code chng trnh, tp lnh, hng dn s dng
ca chng trnh, phn mm.

10