Trung Tam Vi a COng Nghe Chau A tai Vigt Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An CHUONG 1 GIOI THIEU VE DU’ AN VA QUAN LY DU AN 1. GIGI THIEU VE Dy AN 1.1. M6t sé khéi nigm vé dy dn Dy én la gi? La mot qua trinh gm céc cng téc, nhigm vu e6 lién quan v6i nhau, duge the hign nhim dat duge muc tiéu da dé ra trong digu kign ring bude vé thai gian, nguén Ie va ngan sich, Méi dy én gm cdc dic diém nhw sau a. Méi du dn phai c6 mt hoge mét s mye tign thanh ra céc chi tiéu cu thé. muc tiéu ré rang. Thong thuréng ngudi ta c6 ging long hod ‘M6i dy dn 1a mét gud tinh tao ra mot két qua cy thé. Néu chi o6 két qua cudi cing ma két qua 46 khong phai 1a két qua cila m6t tign trinh thi két qua dé khong duge goi a dur én. b. M8i dyn du e8 mot thai han hdt dink (thudng < 3ném), nghia la phi c6 thai diém bat du va thai diém ket thie Dy 4n duge xem ld mét chudi cde hoat déng nhdt théi. Té chire cia dy 4n mang tinh chdt tam thoi, duge tgo dung én trong mOt thai han nhat dinh dé dat duge myc tiéu dé ra, sau dé 15 chite niy s@ gidi tan hay thay 46i co cau 16 chire cho phit hgp véi muc tiéu mi ‘Nghia la méi dy 4n déu c6 mot chu ky hoat dong. Chu ky hoat dong cia dy an gdm nhiéu giai dogn kiie nhaw: + Khoi du dy én in Khai dy dn thie dy an ‘haan thanh van Thai glan a iim bévadu —Knéiau “hg eal Kétinde Bib ast mu Giai doan khdi déu (Initiation phase) + Khai nigm (Conception): + Dinh nghia dy an 1a gi ? (Definition) + Tham dinh (Appraisal) + Lua chon (Selection) PM.doe 1 GV. Cao Hao ThiTrung Tam Vidn Cong Nghe Chau A tai Viet Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An + Bit dau trién khai Trién khai (Implementation phase) ‘+ Hoach dinh (Planning) 9 (Scheduling) c cng vige (Organizing) t (Monitoring) + Kiém soat (Controlling) Két thie (Termination phase) + Chuyén giao (Handover) + Dinh gid (Evaluation) Chu ky hoat dong dur dn xy ra theo tién trinh chm - nhanh — chim N6 luc thye hign dye dn trong ede giai doan cing khie nhau Mae n8 tue cha DA (Level of Ettort) Binh (Peak) “Thai gian Knainigm ——Lya chon HD, lap tisn 46, Banh od ‘glam sa, kibm soa C6 nhting dur dn khong tin tai qua giai doan Khai niém va dinh nghia, C6 nhimng dy dn khi gin két thie sé chuyén sang dy dn méi nén nd lye cia dy an 6 giai doan cudi sé khong bing khong, Chi phi ciia dye an (Cost of project) PM.doe 2 GV. Cao Hao ThiTrung Tam Vi a COng Nghe Chau A tai Vigt Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An Chi phi cia DA 6 giai doan khéi dau chi phi thip G giai doan trién khai chi phi ting ‘Cang vé sau thi chi phi cng tang + Vige rit ngin tién dé lam chi phi ting lén rt nhidu. + Theo thd gian tinh chit bat dinh ciia chi phi s® ting din lén c. M@i dy an déu sit dung ngudn lye va nguén luc nay bj han ché, Ngudn lye gom: nbn luc, anguyén vat ligu, ngdn séch. Thé gidi cia dy dn la thé gidi ctia cdc mau thudn, Bat ky mot dye An nao eting tn tai trong mot thé gidi day mau thuan (The World of Conflicts) ‘Miu thudin Gdiu ra? + Gitta céc b6 phan trong dir an + Gitta cée dy dn trong 16 chire me + Gitta dy dn va khach hing, 4. M@i dy an du mang tinh doc déo (Unique) déi voi muc tiéu va vige phutong thie thye hign dy an. Khong 6 si lip lai hoan toan gitta cde dy dn 1.2 Sy khée ét gitta chuong trinh, dy 4n va nhigm vy Chwong trinh (Program) la mt ké hogch dai han bao gdm nhiéu dy dn. DOi khi vé mat thuat ngit, chuong trinh duge ding dong nghia voi dy dn. Dy An (Project) li mt qué trinh gdm cée céng tac, nhigm vu e6 lién quan véi nhau, duge thye hign nhdm dat duge myc tigu da de ra trong diéu kign ring bude vé thd gian, ngudn lye vi ngan sich. Nhigm vy (Task) li han trong, vai tuén hoge vai thang duge thye hign bai mét 03 chire nio 46, ding thai t6 chite ny o6 thé két hop véi ede nhigm vu khée dé thyc hign dy én. Chuong trinh 1 Dyan 1 Nhiém vu 1 Chuong trinh 2 Du an2 Nhiém vu 2 Hé théng Chuong trinhi Dy¥ni Nhiém vyui (System) Chuong trinh n Dy ann Nhigm van (Program ) (Project) (Task) PM.doeTrung Tam Viga Cong Nghe Chiu A tai Vi Nam (AITCY) GiGi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An 13 Sy khic bigt gitta dy én va phong ban chite ning Dyan 1, C6 chu ky hogt dng 10 rang 2. Thai diém bat diu ngay lich a két thie theo 3. Dyrdno6 thé két thie d6t ngbt ki iehong dat myc tiéu 4. Do tinh dc dao cba dy an, cing vige kong bi lip lai 5. NB lie tong hyp duye hod tinh trong rang bude vé thoi gian va ngudn tye 6. Vige dy béo th gian hod thinh va chi phi gip khé khan 7. Lién quan dén nhiéu ky nang va ky Inde trong nhiéw 0 chic va thay 461 theo giai doan du én 8. TY Ig va loa chi phi thay 46 ign tue 9. Bain chit ning dong 14 Cac logi dy an Phong ban chite ning Tén tai lau dai, tir nam nay sang nam ka Khéng cé dic diém cu thé lign quan dn ngay lich (ngoai trir ngin sch tai cchinh hang nim) Tén tai lién tue Thye hién cde c6ng viée va chire ning da bidt Céng vige ti da duge thye hign vei nngin sch sin tn hing nm (ceiling budget) Tiong ddi dom gin | Chi lign quan dén moe vai ky ning va ky Iugt trong mét t6 chite ‘4. Dyan hop déng (Contractual project) - Sn xuét sin phim = Dich vu b. Duran nghién citu va phat trién (R & D Project) ©. Dy én xay dymg (Contraction Project) 4, Dy dn bg thong thong tin (Information System Project) ¢. Dy én dio tao va quan ly (Management & Trainning Project) £. Dy dnbio dung Ién (Major Maintenance Project) g. Dun vign trg phit tién/ phic Igi c6ng eng (Public / Welfare / Development Project) 2, GIGI THIEU VE QUAN LY DY AN 2.1. Quin ly dyn (Project Management) Quin I de dn la mét qué trinh hoach dinh (Planning), 16 chiéc (Organizing), lanh dao (Leading/Directing) va kiém tra (Controlling) céc cng vige va ngudn lye dé hoan thinh cée muc tigu da dinh. 2.2. Cée tigu chudn din gi vige quan ly dyrn ‘Thanh qua Yéu cau vé than qua PMI.doe Muc tiga Gv. caotoTi Chi nhTrung Tam Vi a COng Nghe Chau A tai Vigt Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An M6t die dn thanh cing 06 cée de diém sau: ~ Hoan thin trong thii han quy dinh (Within Time) = Hoan thinh trong chi phi cho phép (Within Cost) ~ Dat duge thanh qué mong muon (Design Performance) ~ Sir dung nguén Iue duge giao mot cach ~ Higu qua (Effective) + Hitu higu (Elficiency) 2.3. Nhiing tré' ve trong quan ly dy 4n (Obstacles in Project Management) - Dé phite tap ciia dy én ~ Yeu céu de bigt cia khéch hing ~ Céu tric lai té chite - Ri ro trong dy én ~ Thay di cong nghi ~ Ké hoach va gid ca ¢6 dinh 2.4, Cée chite nding quan ly dy én a. Chie ning hoach dink --> Xac dinh cai gi can phai lam ? ~ Xéc din mue tiéu = inh phuong huéng chién huge - Hinh thanh cdng cu dé dat dén mye tigu trong gidi han vé ngudn lye va phai phi hop ‘véi méi truémg hoat dng. b. Ch c nding t8 ehire -> Quyét din cbng vige duge ign hin nhu thé ndo ? . : “> Li eéch thie huy dng va sip xép ede ngudn lye mot eéch hep 1 d& thye hin ké hoech - Lam vige gi ? - Ai lam ? - Phdi hgp céng vige ra sao ? - Ai béo céo cho ai? - Ché ndo cn ra quyét dinh ? (Cu thé hia ra so 46 16 chit) PM.doe GV. Cao Hao ThiTrung Tam Vidn Cong Nghe Chau A tai Viet Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An ©. Chite ning Hinh ago ~ Bong vign, hudng din phdi hgp nhén vign ~ Chon Iya mot kénh théng tin higu qua. ~ Xiirly ede mau thudn trong t6 chite > Nhim dat duge ede mye tiéu da dé ra cita t6 chit. 4. Chite nang kiém soit him dim bio cic hoat ding duge thye hign theo ké hogch vi hung dén muc tig. Kiém soat = Gidm sat + So sinh + Sita sai. 3. GIOL THIEU VE NHA QUAN LY Dy’ AN (PROJECT MANAGER - PM) PM : La ngudi chiu tréch nhigm trong vie QLDA 3.1. Vai trd va tréch nhigm cia nha QLDA (PM's Role & Responsibility) ‘a. Vj tri cia nha QLDA trong béi cinh chung ciia dy én Parent Organization (T6 chic Me) Project Team Client/Beneficiary (T6 Dy an) (Ngudi hudng thy tu DA) PM séng trong mét thé giéi day mau thudn: ‘Cac dy én canh tranh vé nguén lye Miu thuan gia cdc thanh vien trong dy én Khach hang muén thay déi yéu cau PM.doe 6 GV. Cao Hao ThiTrang Tim Vign Cong Neh Chiu Atai VigtNam (AITCV) Gif Thiguv8 Dy An va Quin Ls Dy An Cc nha quan ly cia t6 che “Me” man giim chi phi => Next quan I gid s® phi gi quyét niu mau thun ny b. Vai trd cia nha quan ly dyin Quin I ce méi quan hé gia ngudi va ngs trong cde 13 chite cia DA, Phai duy tri si can bing gita chic ning: - Quin lj dirén ~ Ky thuat cba dy an vong dau vii ri ro trong qué trinh QLDA_ Tan tai véididu kign rang bue ct di én > PM phai lap ké hogch, chic, linh dgo va kiém ta elite ning (Functional Manager) hhodn thanh nhigm vy (How) Nhigm vu duge hoan thinh & dau ? (Where) Nha quiin ly chite ning s& cung eép day di ngubn le dé hon thinh mye ti d8 dé ra rong digu kia gi han cia dg din c. Trach nhigm cia aha QLDA. Cost { Relations Time 4 Quality PM phai gi quyét urge mei lgn hg gita3 yu t8: Chi phi, Thai gian vi Chit amg 3.2. Cie kj ming va phim chat cia PM a. Ce ky niing (Required Skills) ‘Ky ning quin Iy thei gian & lap tién 49, Ky ning ky thud Ky nang lap gan sich Ky nang lanh dao KY ning tigp thi va ky hop ding vai kbéch hing. KY ning quan hg con ngudi GN, Ca Hao Thi quan it aguén li PMI doeTrung Tam Vidn Cong Nghe Chau A tai Viet Nam (AITCV) Gigi Thigu vé Dy An va Quin Ly Dy An b, Phim chit cia nha QLDA t tha va chin tre (Honesty & Integrity) Kha ning ra quyét dinh (Decision Making Ability) Hiéu biét cdc van dé vé con nguéi (Understanding of Personal Problem) Tinh chit linh hoat, da nang, nhigu tai (Versatility) c. Chon Iya PM : Generalist > Specialist Biét tong quat > chuyén s Synthesizer > Analyst . Mang dau 6c ting hop > mang dau 6c phan tich Facilatator > Supervisor Nevdi lim cho moi vige dé ding (sin sing hgp tic) > Giém sét Tiy theo quy mé eta dy én ma cde tinh chat nay sé thay di Yeu clu KY ning quan hg con nguéi Ky ning chuyén mén / ky thuat Quy mé dy én thich hop véi quan Iy dy an? -->Triléi: ” By Training, Experience & Educational Background --> Logi ngu’i + Industrial Engineer + Engineering Manager PM.doe 8 GV. Cao Hao Thi