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Ngythng..nm.
TRNG I HC S PHM
KHOA HA HC
.
ANKEN:
Gio n
DANH PHP, CU TRC V
NG PHN
(Tit 53)
Lp 11 nng cao
Trng THPT
Ngythng..nm.
Trng THPT
Ngythng..nm.
Trng THPT
Hot ng ca gio vin
Hot ng 1: (5p)
-Vit CTPT ca etilen, yu cu
hc sinh vit tip mt s ng
ng ca etilen.
-T dy ng ng, hng dn
hc sinh rt ra cng thc chung
ca anken.
Lu hc sinh: xicloankan cng
c CTPT CnH2n (n 3).
-Vit tt c cc CTCT ca cc
anken C2H4, C3H6, C4H8 v gi
tn theo danh php thng. Yu
cu hc sinh rt ra quy lut gi
tn anken theo danh php thng
thng.
Hot ng 2 (7p)
-GV gii thiu cch gi tn theo
danh php thay th.
-Yu cu hc sinh da vo kin
thc hc v SGK nu quy tc
chn mch chnh v nh s C
mch chnh.
Hot ng ca hc sinh
-C3H6, C4H8, C5H10,
C6H12.
-Cng thc chung: CnH2n
-Tn ankan tng ng,
i ui an thnh
ilen.
Ngythng..nm.
Ni dung ghi bng
I. ng ng v danh php:
1. Dy ng ng v tn thng thng ca anken:
CTPT
CTCT
Tn thng
etilen
C2H4
CH2=CH2
eten
propilen
C3H6
CH2=CH CH3
propen
C4H8
-butilen
CH2=CH CH2 CH3
but-1-en
-butilen
CH3 CH=CH CH3
but-2-en
isobutilen
CH2=C CH3
2-metylpropen
CH3
CTTQ: CnH2n (n 2)
Tn thng = Tn ankan tng ng, i ui an
thnh ilen.
2. Tn thay th.
HS tr li:
a) Quy tc:
-Mch chnh l mch cha S ch v tr nhnh + tn nhnh + tn mch chnh +
lin kt i, di nht v c s ch v tr lin kt i + en
nhiu nhnh nht
- nh s C mch chnh
+Mch chnh: cha lk i, di nht, nhiu nhnh nht.
bt u t pha gn lin
+nh s C mch chnh: gn lk i hn.
kt i hn.
HS vn dng gi tn mt b) V d:
s anken trong mc I.1
Sinh vin: L Th Huyn
Trng THPT
Ngythng..nm.
4
CH3
Hot ng 3:(15p)
-Cho HS xem hnh nh cu trc
phn t etilen.
-Lu cho HS: cu trc ca
phn t etilen l cu trc phng,
cc gc HCC, HCH u gn
bng 1200.
CH CH=CH2
3-metylbut-1-en
CH3
II. Cu trc v ng phn.
1.Cu trc:
-2 nguyn t C mang ni i lai ha sp2
-C
C
Trong lk km bn
2. ng phn:
-ng phn cu to: + ng phn mch C
+ ng phn v tr lk i
-Yu cu Hs nhc li ng phn -Hs tr li: ankan c ng
-ng phn hnh hc.
ca ankan.
phn mch C
a)ng phn cu to:
GV nhn xt: Khc vi ankan,
CH2=CH CH2 CH2 CH3 pent-1-en
do trong phn t anken cn c lk
CH3 CH=CH CH2 CH3
i C=C v vy ngoi ng phn
pent-2-en
mch C, anken cn c ng
CH2=C CH2 CH3
2-metylbut-1-en
phn v tr lk i. ng phn
CH3
mch C v ng phn v tr lk
2-metybut-2en
CH3 C=CH CH3
i gi chung l ng phn cu
CH3
to.
3-metylbut-1-en
CH3 CH CH=CH2
-Gi Hs ln bng vit v gi tn -Hs ln bng vit ng
tt c cc ng phn cu to ca phn.
CH3
anken C5H10.
Hot ng 4: (5p)
-Yu cu hc sinh quan st hnh -Hs quan st v nhn xt:
nh cu to ca cis-but-2-en v
+ cis-but-2-en: 2 nhm
trans-but-2-en ri rt ra nhn xt CH3 nm cng pha so
v tr tng i ca 2 nhm CH3 vi lk i C=C
Trng THPT
-Dng s sau m t khi
nim ng phn hnh hc:
R1
R
R1
+ trans-but-2-en: 2 nhm
CH3 nm khc pha so
vi lk i C=C
Ngythng..nm.
R2
R2
C
R4
R3
DK
R4
R1
R2
R3
R4
VD:
H3C
H
CH3
H3C
cis-but-2-en
H
C
C
CH3
trans-but-2-en
3. Cng cv dn d:(10p)
a. Cng c:
C2H5
CH CH
CH3 l
CH3
A. 5-etyl-4-metylhex-2-en
C. 4,5-dimetylhept-2-en
B. 2-etyl-3-metylhex-4-en
D. 3,4-dimetyhept-5-en
CH3
C. CH2=C
CH2
CH3
CH3
CH2
CH
CH3
CH3
CH CH2 C
CH3
CH2 CH2
CH3
CH3
Trng THPT
A. 3
P N: 1. C
Ngythng..nm.
B. 4
2. B
C. 5
3. D
(4)
(5)
(3) CH2=C
D. 6
CH3
CH3
Cng thc (2) c 2 ng phn hnh hc l cis-but-2-en v trans-but-2-en
b. Dn d:
1. Lm cc bi tp sau:
-Vit v gi tn tt c cc ng phn ca anken C6H12.
-Lm bi tp sch gio khoa, 6.2, 6.3 SBT trang 47
2. c trc bi 40. Ch y phn phn ng cng ca anken.