NG DNG MNG KHNG

DY DIN RNG VO
KHONG KHNG GIAN
TRNG TRUYN HNH
VIT NAM

1.
2.
3.
4.

Mc lc
Khong trng truyn hnh (TV White
space)
Tiu chun IEEE 802.22 (Mng khng dy
din rng)
Nhng ng dng ca chun IEEE 802.22
Kh nng trin khai mng khng dy din
rng i THVN

1. Khong khng gian trng truyn hnh

(TV White Space)

TV White Space c xem nh l mt vng a l ph v tuyn khng

c s dng bi cc dch v c cp php (Bi v nu s dng s gy
nhiu i vi cc dch v c cp php).
Ph tn s vng khng gian trng
truyn hnh c tim nng truy nhp bi
cc ngi dng khc khng cn cp
php, kt qu:

Channel X

+ Lm tng hiu qu ph
+ Ci tin nhng dch v mi
Bo v an ton sng cho cc dch v
c cp php.
Cc trm qung b cng sut cao dng tn s
ging nhau cn dnh 1 khong trng gia vng
bao ph ca chng trnh nhiu.
vng khng gian trng truyn hnh c th s
dng lp t cc my pht v tuyn cng3 sut
thp.

Ngun: Quy hoch tn s mng pht sng truyn hnh Vit nam n 2020.

2. Chun Mng khng dy din rng, IEEE 802.22

2.1 Tng quan tiu chun IEEE 802.22
Mc tiu: Truy nhp v tuyn bng rng nng thn.

Cng ngh s dng: Cng ngh thu pht v tuyn thng minh
da trn vic dng ph khng cp php, c thit k hot
ng trong bng TV di tn t 54 MHz - 862 MHz, khng gy
nhiu n nhng ngi ang dng ph c cp php khc.
Nhng t chc tham gia vo vic xy dng chun l i din
ca: - Cng nghip thng mi, T chc pht thanh truyn
hnh, chnh ph, cc t chc lut v hc vin.
Thnh vin: Khong 40.
Tn d n: IEEE 802.22, IEEE 802.22.1
Phm vi hot ng: Hot ng bng tn VHF v UHF cho php
truyn sng khong cch xa, bn knh cell t 17- 33km.

Bng thng xp x 280 Mhz vi 47 knh TV.

Lp vt l (PHY): Ti u cho thi gian p ng knh truyn
khong cch xa v knh fading la chn tn s cao.
Lp truy nhp mi trng (MAC): Cung cp kh nng b thi
gian tr do truyn khong cch xa.

c tnh c o nht c gii thiu cho cng ngh v tuyn

thng minh (nhn thc): l kh nng t cm bin ph tn, qun
l ph, kt ni vi h thng ang tn ti, xc nh v tr v bo
mt

Thit b di ng v xch tay: IEEE 802.22 cho php kh

nng thu qua thit b xch tay. Lp vt l c thit k
h tr thit b thu di ng vi tc di chuyn ln
ti 114 km/h.
5

Chun IEEE 802.22 c cng nhn chnh thc vo ngy 1/7/2011

2.2 Phm vi hot ng IEEE 802.22

Hot ng trong bng UHF/VHF. Tn s c n nh ti Hoa

k: 54- 60, 76-88, 174-216, 470-608 v 614-698 MHz, tng bng
thng 282 MHz tng ng 47 knh truyn hnh.
Kin trc mng: m- a im (PMP)

Cng sut bc x EIRP v bn knh cell: Trm thu pht c nh

v lng thu bao c nh dng cng sut 4W EIRP, bn knh
cell t 10-100km. H tr thu bao cm tay (cng sut trm pht
BS c th cao hn ty thuc vo cc quc gia khc nhau).
Antten Tx/Rx: Trm pht BS dng antten sector hoc antten v
hng. Antten Tx/Rx ca thu bao loi nh hng tnh vi
li theo hng chnh l 14 dB.
Anten cm bin: yu cu phn cc dc v ngang cm bin
tn hiu truyn hnh v b m tch bit ring, vi cu trc v
hng.
nh v: GPS l bt buc, ch h tr xc nh v tr trn mt t

2.3 IEEE 802.22 : c im ca lp vt l

Lp vt l truyn dn PHY: 802.22 dng k thut ghp knh
phn chia theo tn s trc giao OFDM lm nn tn. a truy
nhp OFDMA cho hng ln (Uplink).
Gin iu ch: QPSK, 16- QAM v 64 QAM.
Loi m ha: bt buc l m xon; Turbo, LDPC hoc m Turbo
khi ngn l ty chn nhng khuyn co nn dng.
Cu trc Pilot: Mi symbol OFDM/OFDMA c phn chia
thnh cc Sub-channel. Mi sub-channel c 28 sng mang con
v c 4 pilot. C mi 7 sng mang con th c chn 1 Symbol
pilot. Chu k ca symbol pilot l khong thi gian ca 7 sng
mang con.
Hiu sut ph thu c: 0.624 bits/s/Hz 3.12 bits/s/Hz.
Mt n ph (spectral Mask): 802.22 chp nhn mt n ph
xut bi FCC. (B lc FIR 200 bc c th cn thit thc
hin).

Bng thng knh RF

Hiu qu ph trung bnh

6 MHz
3 bits/s/Hz

Dung lng knh

18 Mbps

Dung lng h thng trn thu bao (hng xung)

1.5 Mbps

Dung lng h thng trn thu bao (hng ln)

384 kbps

T s Forward/Backward

3.9

T s thu bao vt ngng

50

S thu bao hng xung

600

S thu bao ti thiu

90

Tc phn pht li

3 bits/s/Hz

S thu bao tim nng

1800

S ngi trn h gia nh

2.5

Tng s ngi trn khu vc bao ph

4500

Cng sut EIRP

98.3 W

Mt dn s ti thiu

1.5 ngi / km2

2.4 IEEE 802.22 :Cm bin ph

m bo khng gy can nhiu cho cc ph tn s ca tn hiu
TV, FM v b m c cp php, ng thi xc nh cc
khon khng gian trng TV, FM v b m, chun IEEE 802.22
s dng k thut cm bin ph (Spectrum sensing).

FCC R&O quy nh:

- Ngng bo v tn hiu truyn hnh s -114dBm bng thng 6

MHz, v t s tn hiu trn nhiu SNR= -19 dB, my thu c gi
tr noise figure trong khon 11 dB ti 22 dB.
- Ngng pht hin ph tn hiu pht thanh FM v b m l -114
dBm bng thng 200 kHz, vi t s tn hiu trn nhiu SNR=
-3 dB, my thu c gi tr noise figure trong khon 11dB.

Chun IEEE 802.22 s dng 2 loi k thut cm bin ph:

1.

K thut cm nhn im m,

2.

K thut cm nhn cc c im ring ca tn hiu

2.5 IEEE 802.22: Xc nh v tr a l

nh v trn c s v tinh:

- Yu cu: mi trm phi c h thng GPS

- Chui d liu NMEA 0183 dng thng bo n trm BS

nh v cho trm mt t:
Mt kt cu h thng mi c xut khng cn thm
phn cng v dng nhng c tnh v kh nng ca chun
IEEE 802.22
Vic nh v cc trm pht thng thng BS-CPE: chnh
xc khong 147.8 ns (44.3 m)
i vi trm pht m rng BS-CPE: chnh xc khong 1
ns (0.3m), chnh xc hn bng cch s dng p ng
xung knh phc nhn c ti CPE (Vernier-1) v BS
(Vernier-2).
i vi vic nh v m rng CPE-CPE: CPE pht i mt
chui CBP, cc CPE xung quanh s thu li phn u ca
chui CBP xc nh khong cch gia cc CPE vi
chnh xc cao hn (Vernier-3).

Tnh ton v tr off-line: Tt c thng tin thu c ti CPE

c truyn ti trm BS BS c th chuyn cng vic tnh
ton v tr ca CPE cho 1 server. Tnh ton trn c s php
o tam gic dng CPE nh mt im tham chiu.

IEEE Standards

Gfgf

RAN

Regional Area
Network
IEEE 802.22

30 km

54 - 862 MHz

2.6 Cc thit b TV White Space - Tn s hot ng

- Truy nhp n bng TV VHF/UHF bng thit b TV White Space
(WSD) s c gim st bo v nhng dch v c cp php
ang tn ti.
- Thit b TV White Space lun c nh v r rng. Chng c th kim
tra c s d liu trung tm xc nh nhng tn s no l an ton v
c php s dng ti v tr ca chng.

3. Nhng ng dng ca chun IEEE 802.22

TV White Space s dng bng tn VHF/UHF vi nhiu c im ring quan trng
iu gip chng mang li hiu qu cao cho mng v tuyn:
+ Vng ph sng thng minh

+ Kh nng xuyn thu qua ta nh v tn cy

+ Kt ni khng i hi phi nhn thy nhau (non line-of-sight)
+ Dung lng ti tin ln trong bng rng

Nhng ng dng tim nng ca TV White Spcae v c bn l khng gii hn. Ch

nhng tn s v tuyn cha c cp php c s dng cp pht cc dch v
bng rng. TV White Space cng c th dng cho cc dch v m rng khc nh:
Internet khng dy din rng (Wide Area Wireless Internet): Hoa k c nhiu kinh
nghim trong vic trin khai nhng dch v kt ni bng rng. Tuy nhin, vn cn
nhng khu vc cha c dch v bng rng nh cc vng nng thn. Hin ti theo
c tnh c khong 4.7 t chng trnh kt ni bng rng cn thc hin cc a ch
ny. Tivi White space l 1 gii php mang li hiu qu cao; v gi cng nh kh nng
trin khai nhanh, cung cp cc dch v bng thng rng cho nhng a im ny.

Video: Dung lng bng rng v c tnh tn hiu mnh ca TVWS l 1 tng
ng dng cho video. TV White Space c th cung cp thng tin video 1 chiu (oneway) v 2 chiu (two-way) cho cc dch v bo mt, quan st, theo di, gii tr v
nhng ng dng video khc trn cc tn s khc nhau theo tng v tr, h
thng cp ng v cp quang khng hiu qu v gi.
Mng khng dy cho doanh nghip v gia nh (Home & Enterprise Wireless
Networking): TV White Space cung cp vng ph sng rng hn v kh nng xuyn
tng cng nh cc cu trc xy dng khc tt hn so vi h thng Wifi hin ti
ang hot ng bng tn 2.4 GHz v 5 GHz. Vi ng dng kt ni mng my tnh
khng dy, TV White Space ang c xem nh mt gii php cho vic cung cp
cc dch v bng rng trong mi trng khng dy cho cc doanh nghip, cc ta
nh cao tn v ni mng gia cc thit b gii tr nh, cng nh lu tr v phn
phi.

Thnh ph thng minh (Smart City Network): Mt gii php hn hp gip cho lnh
o v c dn thnh ph s dng n nh cng c o t, gim st, ng thi
thay i cch h s dng ngun ti nguyn s. ng dng khng dy m rng ra
hu ht cc dch v: Chm sc sc khe, cng nghip, gio dc, xy dng, c s
h tng, mi trng, an ninh cng cng, kinh doanh bn l, in, ncCng ngh
TV White Space c s dng h tr pht trin cc dch v ny.

Nhng ng dng ca thit b TV White

Space (WSD): mng Wifi nng cao
TV White space l thit b khng dy (Wi-fi)
hot ng bng tn VHF/UHF, tng t cc
thit b Wifi hin hu 2.4 GHz v 5 GHz.
Mng TV White space c nhiu li th:
Vng ph sng wifi ca TVWS rng hn
nhiu so vi mng wifi thng thng
D thu nhn tn hiu TVWS
D dng trin khai cng nh hiu qu cao khi
ph sng cho cc ta nh cao tn so vi cc
thit b wifi thng thng.

Nhng ng dng ca TV White Space (WSD) Bng rng nng thn

Dng TV White Space cung cp kt ni v tuyn bng rng n cc khu vc

nng thn. Bn knh ph sng c th ln n 100Km
Chi ph gi c thp hn cung cp dch v bng rng n khu vc nng thn so
vi cc dch v khc.

4. Kh nng trin khai chun

IEEE 802.22 i THVN
Tr thnh nh cung cp dch v internet bng
thng rng khng dy,
Cung cp cc dch v truyn hnh trn mng
Internet khng dy,
Kt hp vi mng truyn hnh s mt t DVBT2 VTV c th cung cp cc dch v truyn
hnh tng tc t thnh th n nng thn.
Cung cp cc dch v smart home

TRIN KHAI TH NGHIM

TRIN KHAI TH NGHIM

NETWORK
MANAGEMENT
DATABASE

INTERNET
CUSTOMER
MGNT SYTEM

...
BTS 1

CPE

...
BTS 5

CPE

CPE

BTS n

CPE

CPE

M
THNGHIM
NGHIM
CA
BRAC
CUHNH
HNH TH
TVWS
CA
NGT
TRUNG TM QUN L
TI HNI

NETWORK
MANAGEMENT
DATABASE
CUSTOMER
MGNT SYTEM

CPE

CPE

HCM
ZONE
BTS

INTERNET
HNI
ZONE

CPE

CPE

CPE
BTS
CPE

DNG
ZONE

Internet Access

CPE

CPE
BTS
CPE

XIN CM N !

26

PH LC (CC T VIT TT)

BS: Base Station Trm gc

CPE: Customer Premises Equipment- Thit b u cui ca khch hng
DTV: Digital Television- Truyn hnh s
EIRP: Effective Isotropic Radiated Power- Cng sut bc x ng hng
FFT: Fast Fourier Transform- Bin i Fourier nhanh
FCC R&O: Federal Communications Commission Reporter and Order Hip hi vin
thng lin bang (Hoa K)
GPS: Global Positioning System- H thng nh v ton cu
LDPC: Low Density Parity check Code- M kim tra chn l mt thp
M2M: Machine-to-Machine (Trm n trm)
MAC: Medium Access Control iu khin truy nhp mi trng
OFDM: Orthogonal frequency Division Multipe- Ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc
giao
OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency Division Multipe Access- a truy nhp phn chia tn s
trc giao
PHY: Physical Layer- Lp vt l
PMP: Point to-Multi Point: T im ti a im
SNR: Signal-to-Noise- Ratio T s tn hiu trn nhiu
WSD: White Space Devices-Thit b khong trng truyn hnh
WSDBs: White Space Device Database C s d liu ca cc thit b khong trng
truyn hnh
WRAN: Wireless Regional Area Network Mng khng dy din rng