T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org

(Tip theo bi Khi Qut V Ch Hn)

9. Nguyn tc vit Ch Hn
Nh trn trnh by, ch Hn, c bit nhng ch nhiu nt, trng c v phc tp, nhng
xt k th mt ch Hn d phc tp n my cng ch gm my nt chnh v c vit theo
th t nht nh. Khi vit ch Hn nhiu nt c hnh dng phc tp c th d nhm ln.
vit ch Hn d dng, nhanh v khng nhm ln, chng ta tun th theo nhng nguyn tc sau
[6][11].
9.1 Nguyn tc chung
Nguyn tc chung 1: Vit t trn xung di
1. Vit cc nt t pha trn xung di.
V d:
Tam
Cng

Ch Ngn cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c th tp vit).

2. Vit cc phn pha trn xung di.
V d:
Khch
Trc

Ch H cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c th tp vit).

Nguyn tc chung 2: Vit t tri qua phi
1. Vit cc nt t tri qua phi.
V d:
Xuyn

Ch Thun v Chu cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

2. Vit cc phn t bn tri qua phi (Bin bn tri vit trc, Bng bn phi vit sau).
V d:
Trc ()
Hu ()

T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org
Cc ch V , Lm , Ng , L , Trc , H v Thut cng c vit theo cch
tng t (bn c t vit).
9.2 Cc nguyn tc khc
Nguyn tc 1: Cc nt ngang vit trc (trng hp c nt ngang v nt s thng giao nhau,
vit nt ngang trc tr trng hp trong Nguyn tc 2).
1. Vit theo th t ngang, dc:
V d:
Thp ()
Th ()
Tht ()

i v Bo cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

2. Theo th t ngang, dc v dc:
V d:
Cng
Hoa
Ton
i
V

3. Theo th t ngang, ngang v dc:

V d:
Dng

Mt cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Phu

Xun v Thc cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

4. Theo th t ngang, ngang, dc v dc:
V d:
Canh
Vi

T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org
Nguyn tc 2: Cc nt dc vit sau (ch gii hn trong nhng trng hp sau)
in

Nam v D cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Do

Du , Hong , Khc v Phong cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).
Gic

Gii cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Ti

Ging cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Vng

Ch cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Chuy

Tin v Tp cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

M

Dch cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Biu

Sinh v Thanh cng c vit theo cc tng t (bn c t vit).

Hn

Nguyn tc 3: Vit gia trc (trong trng hp c nt gia v phi tri, hoc c mt, hai
nt phi tri)
Tiu

Kinh cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Thy

Vnh cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org
Chng
Nghip
Xch

Lc v Tha cng c vit theo cc tng t (bn c t vit).

Ngoi l: Nhng trng hp sau th nt gia c vit sau:
Tm
Tnh cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).
Ha

Thu , Thn v Thiu cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).
Nguyn tc 4: Pha ngoi vit trc (cc nt c hnh bao quanh)
V d:
Quc

T cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

ng

Vin , Ni v Nhc cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

T

V cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Nht

Nguyt , Mc v in cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Ngoi l: Cc ch sau th nt bao quanh c vit sau:
Khu
Y
Kh

Nguyn tc 5: Vit cc nt phy (xin tri) trc (trong cc trng hp nt phy (xin tri) v
nt mc (xin phi) giao nhau hoc tip xc nhau)
V d:
Vn

T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org
Ph , C , Hu , Chi , Thu , Nhn , Nhp , Khim v Kim cng c
vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).
Ch : a. Cc nt phy (xin tri) c vit trc trong cc ch sau:
Cu Cp
b. Cc nt phy (xin tri) c vit sau trong cc ch sau:
Lc , ao , Vn , Phng , Bit
Nguyn tc 6: Nt s thng c vit sau cng.
V d:
Trung

Thn , Xa , Bn v S cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Kin

1. Nt s thng b chn pha di:

Th

Th cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

2. Nt s thng b chn pha trn nh trong cc ch Bnh , Bnh , Dng , Dng ,
Bai , Th v Tranh cng c vit tng t nh cch vit cc ch c nt x thng b
chn pha di.
3. Cc nt s thng b chn c pha trn v pha di th th t vit l phn trn, phn di,
nt s thng v phn di.
V d:
L

Hc cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Trng

ng , Cn v Cn cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Nguyn tc 7: Nt xuyn ngang c vit sau cng
V d:
N

T hc Hn Vn Trc Tuyn ( )- Khi Qut V Ch Hn

By Nguyn c Hng, Qu Nghin Cu Bin ng www.seasfoundation.org
N cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).
T

Mu , Mi , Chu v D cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Ngoi l:
Th

Nguyn tc 8: Nt ngang v v nt phy (xin tri).

1. Trong cc ch c nt ngang di, v nt phy ngn th vit nt phy trc:
V d:
Hu

Hu , B v Hi cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

2. Trong cc cc ch c nt ngang ngn v nt phy (xin tri) di th vit nt ngang trc:
V d:
T

Hu , Bt v Tn cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

Nguyn tc 9: Th t vit b Tri Di
1. Cc b Tri Di nh cc b Phc
trc. V d:
X
Khi

, Tu

, Min

, v Th

, v.v th c vit

Min v cng c vit theo cch tng t (bn c t vit).

2. Cc b Tri Di Dn
Cn
Kin
Trc

, Dt v nt

trong b Phng th c vit sau. V d:

(to be continued)