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Cu 5: Cho 6,9 gam hai ancol n chc (hn nhau 2 nguyn t C trong phn t) tc dng Na sau phn ng thu c 10,2 gam
mui v V lit kh (ktc). Tm V v hai ancol.
Cu 6: Cho 2,3 gam hai ancol n chc (hn nhau 28 vC) tc dng 4,6 gam Na sau phn ng thu c 6,85 gam cht rn v V
lit kh (ktc). Tm V v hai ancol.
Cu 7: Cho 4,6 gam hai ancol a chc c cng s nhm -OH (hn nhau 14 vC) tc dng 6 gam Na sau phn ng thu c 10,45
gam cht rn v V lit kh (ktc). Tm V v hai ancol.
6. Phn ng c trng ca ancol a chc c nhiu nhm OH- k tip vi Cu(OH)2
Cu 1: Cn bao nhiu gam glixerol ha tan ht 9,8g ng hidroxit. Nu thay glixerol bng elienglicol th khi lng tng ng
bao nhiu gam.
Cu 2: Cho 16,32 gam hn hp etilenglicol va glixerol tc dng va vi 10,29g Cu(OH) 2. Tnh phn trm s mol mi cht
trong hn hp.
Cu 3: Chia m gam hn hp ancol etylic v glixerol thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: tc dng ht vi Na d thu c 4,48 lit
H2 (ktc). Phn 2: c kh nng ha tan ti a 4,9 gam Cu(OH)2. Tnh m v phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp.
Cu 4: Chia 26,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc k tip A, B v glixerol thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: tc dng ht vi Na
d thu c 2,24 lit H 2 (ktc). Phn 2: c kh nng ha tan ti a 2,45 gam Cu(OH) 2. Tnh tm hai ancol A, B v tnh phn trm
khi lng mi cht trong hn hp.
7. Phn ng tch H2O to ete (140oC/H2SO4 c) - anken (170oC/H2SO4 c)
a. Bin lun tm nhit thch hp - Tm ancol, ete, anken
Cu 1: un nng hn hp ancol X vi H 2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c cht hu c Y c t khi so vi X bng 0,6086.
Hy cho bit nhit thch hp, tm CTPT ca X v Y.
Cu 2: un nng hn hp ancol X vi H 2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c cht hu c Y c t khi so vi X bng 1,4375.
Hy cho bit nhit thch hp, tm CTPT ca X v Y.
Cu 3: un nng hn hp ancol X vi H 2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c cht hu c Y. T khi ca X so vi Y bng
1,428. Hy cho bit nhit thch hp, tm CTPT ca X v Y.
Cu 4: un nng hn hp ancol X vi H 2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c cht hu c Y. T khi ca Y so vi X bng
1,608. Hy cho bit nhit thch hp, tm CTPT ca X v Y.
b. Tm s sn phm to thnh Tnh s mol mi ete
Cu 1: un hn hp 3 ancol vi H2SO4 c, 140oC thu c bao nhiu ete?
Cu 2: un hn hp 5 ancol vi H2SO4 c, 140oC thu c bao nhiu ete?
Cu 3: un hn hp cc ancol ca CH3OH, CH3CH2CH2OH vi H2SO4 c, 140oC thu c bao nhiu ete?
Cu 4: un hn hp cc ancol ca CH3OH, C3H7OH vi H2SO4 c, 140oC thu c bao nhiu ete?
Cu 5: un hn hp cc ancol ca CH3OH, C3H7OH vi H2SO4 c, 180oC thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm?
Cu 6: un hn hp 3 ancol c khi lng 166 gam vi H 2SO4 140oC thu c cc ete c khi lng 139 gam, s mol bng
nhau. Tnh s mol ca mi ete.
Cu 7: un hn hp 2 ancol c khi lng 120 gam vi H 2SO4 140oC thu c cc ete c khi lng 102 gam, s mol bng
nhau. Tnh s mol ca mi ete.
Cu 8: un hn hp 2 ancol k tip c khi lng m gam vi H 2SO4 140oC thu c cc ete c khi lng 102 gam v 18 gam
nc. Tm cc ancol.
Cu 9: un hn hp 2 ancol k tip c khi lng 134 gam vi H 2SO4 140oC thu c cc ete c khi lng 102 gam, s mol
bng nhau. Tnh cc ancol.
8. Phn ng este ha vi axit (H2SO4 c/t o)
Cu 1: un nng hn hp gm 4,6g ancol etylic v 6g axit axetic (CH 3COOH) vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c este
(hiu sut 80%). Tnh khi lng este thu c.
Cu 2: un nng hn hp gm 4,6g ancol etylic v 4,6g axit axetic (CH 3COOH) vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c
este (hiu sut 75%). Tnh khi lng este thu c.
Cu 3: un nng hn hp gm m gam ancol etylic v axit axetic (CH 3COOH) d vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c
8,8g este (hiu sut 75%). Tnh khi gi tr m.
Cu 4: un nng hn hp gm m gam ancol metylic v axit axetic (CH 3COOH) d vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c
7,4g este (hiu sut 80%). Tnh khi gi tr m.
9. Phn ng oxi ha khng hon ton (CuO/to hoc O2/xt)
Cu 1: Oxi ha bng CuO/t o 4,6g mt ancol n chc mch h, sau phn ng thu c 6,2g hn hp gm anehit, nc v ancol
d. Tm ancol v tnh hiu sut phn ng oxi ha.
Cu 2: Oxi ha 6g mt ancol n chc mch h, sau phn ng thu c 8,08g hn hp gm anehit, nc v ancol. Tm ancol v
tnh hiu sut phn ng oxi ha.
Cu 3: Oxi ha 3g mt ancol n chc bng CuO/t o thu c 4,056g hn hp gm ancol, anehit, nc. Tm ancol v tnh hiu
sut phn ng oxi ha.
Cu 4: Oxi ha mt ancol n chc c khi lng 5,4 g sau phn ng thu c 7,32g hn hp gm ba cht. Tm ancol v tnh
hiu sut phn ng oxi ha.
10. Phn ng oxi ha hon ton (phn ng chy)
Cu 1: t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol no n chc mch h k tip cn dng V lit oxi (ktc) thu c 5,6 lit CO 2 v 6,3g
nc. Tnh m, V, tm hai ancol v phn trm khi lng mi ancol.
Cu 2: t chy hon ton m gam mt ancol no n chc mch h cn dng V lit oxi (ktc) thu c 4,48 lit CO 2 v 5,4g nc.
Tnh m, V, tm CTPT ancol. Nu un nng lng ancol trn vi H2SO4 c/140o th c bao nhiu gam ete.
Cu 3: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no hai chc mch h k tip cn dng V lit oxi (ktc) thu c 5,6 lit CO 2
v 6,3g nc. Tnh m, V v tm hai ancol. Nu em hn hp trn tc dng vi Na d th c bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc).
Cu 4: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp ba ancol no n chc mch h cn dng V lit oxi (ktc), hp th ton b sn phm
chy vo bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d th c 30 gam kt ta, khi lng bnh tng 20,76 gam. Tnh m, V v tm hai ancol. Nu un
nng lng ancol trn vi H2SO4 c/140o th c bao nhiu gam ete.
Cu 5: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no hai chc mch h k tip cn dng V lit oxi (ktc), hp th ton b sn
phm chy vo bnh ng nc vi trong d th c 20 gam kt ta, khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 6,16 gam. Tnh m,
V v tm hai ancol. Nu em hn hp trn tc dng vi Kali d th c bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc).
Cu 6: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no a chc mch h (c cng s nhm chc v hn nhau 2 nguyn t C
trong phn t) cn dng V lit oxi (ktc), hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng Ba(OH) 2 d th c 59,1 gam kt ta,
khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 38,34 gam. Tnh m, V v tm hai ancol. Nu em hn hp trn tc dng vi Kali d th
c bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc).
11. Ln men ru (phng php vi sinh)
Cu 1: Tnh khi lng ancol etylic to thnh khi ln men 180g glucozo, hiu sut 75%.
Cu 2: Tnh khi lng ancol etylic to thnh khi ln men 162g tinh bt, hiu sut qu trnh 81%.
Cu 3: Tnh khi lng ancol etylic to thnh khi ln men 3,24kg tinh bt, hiu sut mi giai on 81%.
Cu 4: Tnh th tch ancol etylic (d = 0,8 g/ml) to thnh khi ln men 540g glucozo, hiu sut 80%.
Cu 5: Tnh th tch ancol etylic (d = 0,78 g/cm3) to thnh khi ln men 1,62kg tinh bt, hiu sut mi giai on 81%.
Cu 6: Tnh khi lng glucozo c ln 5% tp cht tr cn dng ln men thu c 500ml ru etylic bit ru nguyn cht c
d = 0,8 g/ml hiu sut qu trnh 70%.
Cu 7: Tnh th tch ancol etylic (d = 0,78 g/cm 3) to thnh khi ln men 6,4kg tinh bt cos ln 4% tp cht tr, hiu sut mi giai
on 78%.
Cu 8: Tnh khi lng glucozo c ln 2% tp cht tr cn dng ln men thu c 6 lit ru etylic 46 o bit ru nguyn cht
c d = 0,8 g/ml hiu sut qu trnh 85%.
Cu 9: Tnh khi lng tinh bt c ln 3,5% tp cht tr cn dng ln men thu c 2,3 lit ru etylic 92 o bit ru nguyn
cht c d = 0,8 g/ml hiu sut qu trnh 81%.
Cu 10: Tnh khi lng tinh bt c ln 5% tp cht tr cn dng ln men thu c 3 lit ru etylic 23 o bit ru nguyn cht
c d = 0,8 g/ml hiu sut mi giai on 80%.
Cu 11: Ngi ta ln men 3 kg glucozo sau phn ng thu c 1,725 lit ru etylic (d = 0,78 g/cm 3) nguyn cht. Tnh hiu sut
qu trnh ln men.
Cu 12: Ngi ta ln men 1,62 kg tinh bt vi hiu sut mi giai on bng nhau sau phn ng thu c 0,6 lit ru etylic (d =
0,78 g/cm3) nguyn cht. Tnh hiu sut mi giai on ln men.
Cu 13: Ngi ta ln men 3,6 kg glucozo sau phn ng thu c 3,75 lit ru etylic 46o, bit ru nguyn cht c d = 0,78 g/cm3.
Tnh hiu sut qu trnh ln men.
Cu 14: Ngi ta ln men 4,86 kg tinh bt c ln 2% tp cht tr vi hiu sut mi giai on bng nhau sau phn ng thu c
3,26 lit ru etylic 46; bit ru nguyn cht c d = 0,78 g/cm3. Tnh hiu sut mi giai on ln men.
12. Vit phng trnh phn ng v thc hin chui phn ng
(gio vin ra sau)
B. PHENOL RU THM ETE THM
1. CTCT v tn gi phenol, ancol thm v ete thm
Cu 1: Hy cho bit s khc nhau gia Phenol v Ancol thm v c im cu to (v tr gn nhm -OH) v tnh cht ha hc c
trng (tc dng Na, NaOH, dung dch Br2)?
Cu 2: Cho hp cht thm c CTPT C7H8O. Vit CTCT tha mn tnh cht sau:
a. Tc dng vi Na, khng tc dng vi NaOH.
b. Tc dng vi NaOH.
c. Khng tc dng vi Na v NaOH.
Cu 3: Cho hp cht thm c CTPT C8H10O. Vit CTCT tha mn tnh cht sau:
a. Tc dng vi Na, khng tc dng vi NaOH.
b. Tc dng vi Na v NaOH.
c. Khng tc dng vi Na v NaOH.
d. Tch H2O to sn phm phn ng trng hp to ra polime.
Cu 4: Cho hp cht thm X c CTPT C7H8O2. Vit CTCT tha mn tnh cht sau:
a. Tc dng vi Na to s mol kh bng vi s mol cht X v tc dng vi NaOH t l 1 : 1.
b. X tc dng vi NaOH theo t l 1 : 2.
c. X khng tc dng vi NaOH v tc dng vi Na to s mol kh bng mt na s mol cht X.
d. X khng tc dng vi NaOH v tc dng vi Na to s mol kh bng vi s mol ca X.
Cu 5: Tm t l phn ng ca cc cht sau vi Na v NaOH
a. CH3-C6H4-OH.
b. HOCH2-C6H4-OH.
c. CH3-O-C6H3-(OH)2.
d. HO-C6H4-CH(OH)2.
e. CH3-O-C6H4-O-CH3.
f. CH2OH-C6H4-O-CH3.
2. Tnh cht vt l - ng dng
Cu 1: Tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. Phenol tan c trong nc nhit no?
b. Phenol v Ancol thm cht no tan c trong nc lnh?
c. Nu hin tng khi lu Phenol trong khng kh m.
d. V sao Phenol tc dng c vi NaOH cn Ancol th khng?
e. V sao Phenol tc dng c vi Br2 d hn Benzen?
f. V s tng tc gia nhm OH v vng benzen.
Cu 2: Tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. Phenol trong cng nghip c sn xut trc tip t hidrocacbon thm no? Vit phng trnh.
b. Trong cng nghip phenol dng lm nguyn liu sn xut cc cht no? Vit phng trnh.
3. Tnh cht ha hc (s tng tc qua li gia nhm OH- v vng benzen)
a. Tc dng vi Na, NaOH
Cu 1: Tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. V sao phenol c tnh axit cn ancol th khng?
b. Vit phng trnh chng minh phenol c tnh axit yu.
c. Phenol v Benzen cht no tham gia phn ng th vi Br2 d hn. V sao?
d. Phenol tc dng vi cht no trong cc cht sau: Na, NaOH, Na 2CO3, NaHCO3, Br2, HNO3, HCHO, (CH3CO)2O
(anhidric axetic), HCl.
e. Dung dch Natriphenolat (C6H5ONa) tc dng vi cc cht no sau y: NaOH, CO2, Na2CO3, Br2, HCl, HNO3.
f. Cc cht: phenol, imetyl ete, o-crezol, ancol benzylic, metyl phenyl ete. Cht tc dng vi Na?
g. Cc cht: phenol, imetyl ete, etyl phenyl ete, p-crezol, ancol benzylic. Cht tc dng vi NaOH?
h. Cc cht: phenol, metyl isopropyl ete, m-crezol, metyl phenyl ete, ancol benzylic, 1,4-ihidroxi phenol. Cht tc dng
vi dung dch brom? Vit phng trnh (ty chn t l phn ng 1 : 1 hoc 1 : 3).
i. Cc cht: phenol, metyl isopropyl ete, o-crezol, ancol benzylic, metyl phenyl ete, 1,3-ihidroxi phenol. Cht tc dng
vi NaOH? Phng trnh.
Cu 2: Cho 14g hn hp phenol v etanol tc dng va vi 200ml NaOH 0,5M. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn
hp.
Cu 3: Cho 18,6g hn hp phenol v etanol tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lit kh (ktc). Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht
trong hn hp. Hn hp trn tc dng vi Br2 d th c bao nhiu gam kt ta.
Cu 4: Cho 20g hn hp phenol, ancol benzylic v crezol tc dng vi Na d thu c 2,24 lit kh (ktc). Tnh phn trm khi
lng mui thu c sau phn ng.
Cu 5: Cho m gam hn hp phenol, ancol benzylic, crezol tc dng vi kali d thu c 1,12 lit kh (ktc) v 13,8 gam cht rn.
Tnh gi tr m.
Cu 6: Cho 15 gam hn hp phenol, ancol etylic, crezol tc dng vi kali d thu c V lit kh (ktc) v 20,7 gam cht rn. Tnh
gi tr m.
Cu 7: Cho 12,48 gam hn hp phenol, o-crezol, m-crezol tc dng va vi V ml KOH 1M ri c cn thu c 17,04 gam
cht rn. Tnh gi tr m.
Cu 8: Cho 11,88 gam hn hp phenol, o-crezol, m-crezol tc dng va vi 55g KOH 11,2% ri c cn thu c 50,82 gam
cht hi v m gam cht rn. Tnh gi tr m. Nu cho hn hp trn tc dng vi kali d th bao nhiu lit kh (ktc)?
Cu 9: Cho 13,52 gam hn hp phenol, p-crezol, m-crezol tc dng va vi 50g KOH 7,84% v NaOH 4,8% ri c cn thu
c 39,7 gam cht hi v m gam cht rn. Tnh gi tr m. Nu cho hn hp trn tc dng vi natri d th bao nhiu lit kh (ktc)?
Cu 10: Chia m gam hn hp phenol v etanol thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: tc dng va vi 100ml NaOH 0,5M. Phn
2: tc dng vi kali d th c 2,24 lit kh (ktc). Tnh m v phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp.
b. Phn ng Brom ha Nitro ha
Cu 1: Vit CTCT cc cht v tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. Cc cht: phenol, imetyl ete, o-crezol, metyl phenyl ete. Cht tc dng vi Br 2?
b. Cc cht: o-crezol, etyl phenyl ete, p-crezol, ancol benzylic. Cht tc dng vi Br 2?
c. Cc cht: metyl isopropyl ete, m-crezol, metyl phenyl ete, 1,4-ihidroxi phenol. Cht tc dng vi dung dch brom?
Vit phng trnh (ty chn t l phn ng 1 : 1 hoc 1 : 3).
d. Cc cht: phenol, etyl n-propyl ete, o-crezol, ancol benzylic, metyl phenyl ete, 1,3-ihidroxi phenol. Cht tc dng vi
Br2?
Cu 2: Cho 9,3g hn hp phenol v etanol tc dng vi dung dch Brom d th c 16,55g kt ta. Tnh phn trm khi lng
mi cht trong hn hp.
Cu 3: Chia m gam hn hp phenol v etanol thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: tc dng vi dung dch Brom d th c 33,1g
kt ta. Phn 2: tc dng vi Na d th c 2,24 lit kh (ktc). Tnh m v phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp.
Cu 4: Cho m1 gam hn hp phenol v NaHCO 3 tc dng vi dung dch Brom d th c m 2 gam kt ta v 3,36 lit kh (ktc),
thm tip HCl n d th lng kh thot ra thm 2,24 lit. Vit phn ng. Tm m1, m2.
Cu 5: Nitro ha 9,4 kg phenol hiu sut 80% th c bao nhiu kilogam thuc n TNT?
Cu 6: Tnh khi lng phenol cn sn xut 2,29 kg thuc n TNT bit hiu sut phn ng 75%?
Cu 7: Tnh khi lng axit nitric cn sn xut 6,87 kg thuc n TNT bit hiu sut phn ng 90%?
Cu 8: Tnh khi lng dung dch axit nitric 94% cn sn xut 4,58 kg thuc n TNT bit hiu sut qu trnh phn ng 90%?