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Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
TC, AC, MC
MC
AC
Min AC
Sn phm ng nht
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
C y tt c cc th trng
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
M
6
E
B
ng ngn sch v thi gian ca Bnh l AB, cn ng ngn sch v tin ca Bnh l:
CD. Hai ng ny ct nhau E c ta (2, 2). tha mn ng thi c hai rng
buc v thi gian v tin bc, Bnh ch c th la chn cc im tiu dng nm trong
din tch t gic OBEC. s dng ti a ngun lc, Bnh phi tiu dng trn on gp
khc BEC v y l ng ngn sch tng hp.
b) Gi s hm tha dng ca Bnh l U(m, f) = min{m, f}, trong m l s bui xem ca
nhc, f l s bui xem phim. Dng th v khng cn tnh ton, hy ch ra im
phi hp tiu dng ti u ca Bnh.
Vi hm tha dng ny, ca nhc v phim nh l hai sn phm c tnh b sung hon ho.
im tiu dng ti u E (hnh v)
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
ng 450
E
B
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
E
B
xG =
1 IG
30
2 IG
60
1 IA
40
1 IA
40
=
=
; v x A =
=
=
.
; yG =
; yA =
pX
pY
pX
pY
3 pX
3 pY
2 pX
2 pY
Phng php 2:
im tiu dng ti u ca Gip phi tha mn hai iu kin:
1 2 / 3 1/ 3
pX
MU X
x y
y
3
(1)
=
= 2 1/ 3 1/ 3 =
2 xp X = ypY
pY
MU Y
x y
2x
3
(2) xp X + ypY = 90
T (1) v (2) suy ra hm cu ca Gip i vi mt hng X l xG = 30/pX, i vi mt
hng Y l yG = 60/pY.
Tng t tm ra c hm cu ca t i vi mt hng X l xA = 40/pX, i vi mt hng
Y l yA = 40/pY.
b. Hy tm hm tng cu ca th trng i vi mt hng X v Y.
V.T. T Anh, .V. Thanh, T.Q. Hng, N.H.P. Chi
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
30
40
70
+
=
pX
pX
pX
y M = yG + y A =
60 40 100
+
=
pY
pY
pY
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
MPl w0
=
MPk
r0
q 0 = 2 kl
(1)
( 2)
MPk = k 1 / 2 l 1 / 2
T l thay th k thut bin gia 2 yu t sn xut
MRTS lk =
MPl k 1 / 2 l 1 / 2 k
=
=
MPk k 1 / 2 l 1 / 2 l
(3)
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
k w0
=
l
r0
(4)
k
l
q0 = 2
(5)
q0
2
w0
r0
l* =
q0
2
r0
w0
q0
2
w0
.
r0
q0
2
r0
q
) + r0 ( 0
w0
2
w0
q
)= 0
2
r0
w0 r0 +
q0
2
w0 r0 = q 0 w0 r0
SRTC = w0 l (q) + r0 k *
q
k* = 0
2
w0 q0
=
r0
2
4
= q0
1
q
dSRTC/dq
q2
q2
l (q) = * = 0
4k
4q
SRTC = (
SRTC
0
q0
q0
0
+
2
2q0
q2
) + q0
q0
d ( SRTC ) 2q
=
dq
q0
10
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
Nam v Huy t do tham gia trao i 2 loi hng ho l thc phm (F) v qun o (C).
Ban u Nam c 12 b qun o (C) v 9 kg thc phm (F) v Huy c 8 b qun o (C) v
11 kg thc phm (F). S thch cu Huy v Nam i vi 2 loi qun o c th hin bi
2 hm tha dng
U H = 0,15QC QF
U N = 0,08QC QF
1. Hy cho bit trao i c li gia Nam v Huy c xy ra khng?
V l thuyt, phn b t hiu qu trao i khi t l thay th bin ca qun o (C) i vi
thc phm (F) ca Nam v Huy bng nhau. Lc ny khng cn cch no mang li li
ch cho Nam m khng gy tn tht cho Huy. Do vy, xem xt trao i c li tim
nng gia Nam v Huy, chng ta phi tnh MRSCF ca Nam v Huy ng vi ngun lc
ban u. Sau so snh MRSCF gia hai ngi, nu MRSCF khc nhau th c ng c
cho trao i c li gia hai ngi
T l thay th bin ca C i vi F ca Nam
MRS CF
MU C
0,15QF
dQ
Q
9
= ( F ) N =
=
= FN =
= 0,75
N
N
12
dQC
0,08QC
MU F
QC
11
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
MRS CF
= (
0,08Q F
dQ F H MU C
Q
11
) =
=
= FH =
= 1,375
H
H
8
dQC
0,08QC
MU F
QC
Trong trng hp ny MRS ca Nam v Huy khng bng nhau nn c tim nng cho
vic trao i c li .
2. Hy cho bit t l sn sng trao i gia hai hng ho cu Nam v Huy? Ai s trao
i hng ho g?
gi mc tha dng nh c, Nam sn sng hy sinh 0,75 kg thc phm nhn thm
mt b qun o v Huy sn sng hy sinh 1,375 kg thc phm nhn thm mt b qun
o. T l trao i (TOT: term of trade) c li cho c hai ngi s nm trong khang
0,75<TOT<1,375. n gin, ta gi s t l trao i tha thun gia hai ngi l 1kg
thc phm i ly 1 b qun o. Lc ny Nam s mang qun o i ly thc phm v
Huy s mang thc phm i ly qun o.
3. Hy vit phng trnh ng hp ng trao i ?
ng hp ng trao i l tp hp tt c cc phng n phn b t hiu qu Pareto.
Ni cch khc ng hp ng l tp hp tt c cc phng n phn b tha mn iu
kin
MRS CF
= MRS CF
N
Q C = QC + QC
Q F = QF + QF
Vi MRS CF
QF
QC
; MRS CF
QF
QC
phng trnh:
QF
QC
QF
QC
20 = QF + QF
20 = QC + QC
QF
12
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
Huy
QF
11
ng
hp ng
Nam
QC
12
Cu 7 (10 im): im thng
a. Trc thm gia nhp WTO, nc ta c mt s quan im cho rng vo WTO, nng
dn b thit. Anh, ch c ng vi quan im ny khng? Ti sao?
-
13
8/30/2007
Kinh t hc Vi m
Bi thi gia k
Khc vi hnh thc tr gi (nh chit gim gi chng hn), trong hnh
thc tr cp bng tin, rt kh xc nh chnh xc lng tin cn tr
cp cho nng dn, n gin l v nh nc khng th bit c hm
tha dng ca h (vn l mt thng tin c bn xc nh cc khon
tr cp bng tin bng cc phng php tiu chun trong kinh t hc.)
14
8/30/2007