World Cultures

Unit III: Southeast Asia, Oceania and Austrialia

Name: __________________________

SOUTHEAST ASIA [Page 705 709]

A Long History of Diversity:
1. In a paragraph, explain how the early history [prior to 1000 AD] was highly diversified.
China and India influenced southwest Asia the most. China brought art, technology, political
ideas and ethnic beliefs. India brought religious beliefs such as Buddhism and Hinduism.
They did keep some traditions like more equal roles for women
2. How was the area of Southeast Asia organized and governed during their early history?
Early states didnt have borders. They were mandalas and were rings of power around a
central court. One mandalas region might overlap another
3. How did this change from 1300-1800?
There were 5 major states that depended on each other for trade and the areas began to
develop a national identity. Also urbanization began to take place.
Colonialism and its aftermath
1. What is colonialism?
The taking over of another place by a stronger power
2.

What was the only country in the region that wasnt a colony?
Siam or Thailand

3. Identify and explain the three ways colonialism changed Southeast Asia.
1 set up bureaucratic governments, 2 forced Asia to produce goods that would help the
European economy 3 sparked nationalism because groups united against European rule
4. Skillbuilder: Interpreting Maps [p. 706] -- Answer #1 and #2
1) it was right next to French and British ruled colonies
2) the Dutch

5. What changes came to Southeast Asia during WWII?

Japan began to occupy Asian claiming to take it back for Asians.

How was control of the area in Southeast Asia by Japan different than European control?
The occupied people were put in leader roles and gained valuable experience.
6. After WWII, Southeast Asia gained their independence differently. Briefly explain
this statement with examples.
Most gained their independence peacefully but others like Indonesia and Vietnam had to
fight.
An Uneven Economy
1. Southeast Asia has a traditional economy. Explain that statement with specific
examples to back it up.
Many Southeast Asia nations mostly depend on agriculture for income. The main reasons
are the Vietnam War destroyed many factories and road, political turmoil and refuges
leaving a smaller work force.
2. What is ASEAN? How has it helped to create a region within a region?
Stands for association of Southeast Asian nations. It is an alliance that promotes economic
growth and peace.
A Rich Mosaic of Culture
1. How is this area a mosaic of religions? Identify the different religions and where they
are practiced.
It has many different religions because of its different influences. Buddhism is wide spread
everywhere, the Philippians are catholic, Southeast Asians are mostly Hindu and Indonesia
and Brunei are Muslim.
2. Are there more rural or urban communities in this area?
There are more rural but urban communities are growing
3. Interpret the picture of page 709. What does this scene show about diversity in
Malaysia?
Many of the women are wearing what is required of them by Islam
OCEANIA [P. 711-715]

1. Identify these terms and explain their importance in the region:

a. Micronesia-region of Oceania called meaning tiny islands .
b. Melanesia- region of Oceania called meaning black islands.
c. Polynesia- region of Oceania called meaning many islands.
d. Subsistence activities- activities in which a family only produce the food clothing and
shelter needed by themselves.
e. Copra- dried meat of coconuts .
f. Taro- plant with a starchy root.
2. What type of migration is happening within Oceania today?
Many people are going to the cities for jobs and education.
3. How did contact with Europeans and Americans affect the societies of the Pacific Islands?
They effected them negatively. Many of them died off because of disease brought by them
and their culture was taken over by western culture.
4. What is distinctive about Oceania in terms of its languages?
It is one of the most Diverse in the world with over 1100 spoken there.
5. How has modern technology both helped and harmed Oceania?
It has brought new industries and helped build the economy but they also threaten the
environment and traditional ways of life.

AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALIND & ANTARCTICA [P.717-723]

1. What prevents Australia from benefiting completely from its mining industry?
Much of it is in the out back and it is expensive to build road and buildings needed to mine it
and much of the industry is owned by foreign companies.
2. What historic actions demonstrated New Zealanders concern for equal rights and social
welfare?
They were the first country to grant women the right to vote and provide pensions for senior
citizens

3. What is the major activity conducted in Antarctica?

Scientific research