Phng php nghe v ghi ch bi ging ting Anh

1. Ti sao phi ghi ch?

Mc ch ca vic ghi ch trong khi nghe ging l gip bn tp trung vo nhng phn chnh ging vin ni v gip
bn c mt bi ghi ch tm tt sau ny c th vit li bi vi y thng tin. C th nhng ghi ch m ging
vin cung cp khng y v thnh thong ging vin li thm thng tin trong qu trnh ging, v vy bi ghi ch
ring ca bn s rt hu ch v c nhiu chi tit hn. Ngoi ra, vic t ghi ch s gip bn pht trin kh nng hiu
su hn ni dung bi ging.

2. Ghi ch nh th no?
Nguyn tc chung trong ghi ch l gim thiu li ni bng cc cu ch rt gn. Nhng li khuyn sau s gip cho
bn ghi ch hiu qu m vn nghe ging c mt cch thoi mi. Bn nn nh rng ghi ch bi ging l ghi cho
chnh bn xem nn bn c th dng bt c phng php no min l sau n gip bn ti to li ni dung v cu
trc ca nhng trong bi. Tuy nhin, cng c nhng nguyn tc v thng l cn bn ph bin m bn c th s
dng nu thch.
iu u tin l bn phi bit c mnh cn phi ghi ch iu g, ni cch khc l ni dung no th quan trng
nht.

3. Lm sao bit c mt thng tin no c quan trng hay khng?

y khng phi l cu hi d tr li, tuy nhin cng c mt s im m bn c th lu .
Thng tin u tin bn nhn c l ta bi ging. y c l l thng tin quan trng nht ca c bi, v vy bn
cn ghi ch y . Nu c, bn nn tm hiu ta trc c thi gian suy ngh v on ni dung bi ging.
Th hai, s bit c iu no l quan trng, bn hy nghe nhng du hiu gin tip hoc trc tip t ging
vin. V d, ging vin c th ni r ra l: iu ny rt quan trng, bn nn ghi li, hoc Bn ng qun ghi ch
im ny. Hoc ging vin c th cho bit gin tip bng cch dng mt qung ngn trc khi ni iu g quan
trng, hoc ni mt cch chm ri, r rng v nhn mnh. Bn cng nn ch vic lp i lp li. Khi ging vin
lp li mt im no , bn nn quay li im v thm vo thng tin chi tit.
C gng cch ging bi v cch t chc cu trc bi ging ca ging vin iu chnh cch ghi ch
ca mnh cho ph hp.
Ch nhng t quan trng-l nhng t ni dung (thng l danh t, ng t, tnh t hoc trng t)
B qua nhng t khng quan trng-l nhng t hnh thc (thng l tr ng t nh be, have, do, ch
nh t nh a, the, some, i t nh I, he, they, there, it, this, that, which, whom, v gii t nh at, on,
in, )
Bi tp 1
Di y l on m u ca mt bi ging v k nng c. Bn hy c v gch di nhng t quan trng. Cn
lu xem ngha ca c on cn c nguyn vn nu ch gi li nhng t m bn gch di hay khng.

When a teacher or lecturer recommends a student to read a book it's usually for a particular purpose. The
book may contain useful information about the topic being studied or it may be invaluable for the ideas or
views that it puts forward, and so on. In may cases, the teacher doesn't suggest that the whole book should
be read. In fact, he may just refer to a few pages which have a direct bearing on the matter being discussed.

4. Phi vit ghi ch nh th no?

Nh cp bn trn, bn c th ghi ch theo bt k cch no bn thch, nhng nhng hng dn di y s
gip bn tp c cch ghi ch va nhanh va chnh xc.
Tp trung vo nhng quan trng-trnh ghi ch lp li v khng cn phi ghi ch qu r rng c th v
bn l ngi duy nht c v hiu ghi ch c ngha g.
Tm tt nhng quan trng-bn c th dng nhng t ngn gn hn nhn mnh nhng iu m ging
vin ni m khng cn phi ghi li nguyn vn
Vit bng nhng cm t n gin hn l vit li nguyn cu
V d: on vn trong bi tp 1 c th c ghi ch nh sau
Lecturer/teacher recommends book for particular purpose. Not whole book, just few pages.
Bi tp 2
Bn hy c on 2 ca bi ging v ghi ch:
Unfortunately, when many students pick up a book to read they tend to have no particular purpose in mind
other than simply to 'read the book'. Often they open the book and start reading, page by page, line by line,
word by word; in other words, slowly and in great detail. The result is that students frequently don't have an
overall view of what they're reading; also, they tend to forget fairly soon what they've been reading.

S dng cc k hiu v du hiu n gin-v d nh

therefore
the statement is correct

because
X the statement is wrong

Bi tp 3
Di y l mt s k hiu ph bin khc dng cho ghi ch. Bn hy chn k hiu trong ct bn tri cho ph hp
vi ngha bn phi. Hy tho lun kt qu ca bn vi mt bn khc.
(1) ?
(2) /
(3) & or +
(4) -

(a) dash (join ideas/replace missing punctuation.

(b) or
(c) ditto (means the same as the words above)
(d) leads to/results in/causes

(5) " "

(6) =
(7)

(e) fall/decrease
(f) and/plus
(g) does not equal, is the opposite of

(8)
(9) >

(h) greater than, more than

(i) is/are/have/has/equals

(10)

(j) is the statement correct?

Bi tp 4
Bn c bit hoc s dng nhng k hiu khc khng? Nu c hy in thm vo danh sch trn.

S dng cch vit tt-c rt nhiu ch vit tt c s dng, trong cc loi t in cng thng c mt
bng vit tt. Di y l mt s k hiu vit tt thng dng:
e.g.

for example

1st

first

i.e.

that is

2nd

second

etc.

etcetera: and so on

3rd

third etc.

cf.

compare

UK

United Kingdom

viz.

namely

USA

United States of America

c.

about/approximately

Q.

question

N.B.

note

no.

number

dept.

department

p./pp.

page/pages

diff.

difficult/difficulty

poss.

possible/possibly

excl.

excluding

prob.

probable/probably

imp.

important

probs.

problems

incl

include

re.

with reference to

lang.

language

ref.

reference

ltd.

limited

tho'

though

max.

maximum

thro'

through

Bi tp 5

Bn hy on ngha nhng k hiu vit tt di y. Sau tho lun vi mt ngi bn.

(1) A. (2) govt. (3) info. (4) min. (5) sts. (6) v.

Bi tp 6
Bn c bit hoc s dng nhng k hiu vit tt khc khng? Nu c hy in thm vo danh sch trn.

S dng vic cch dng lm cho bi ghi ch c r rng, mch lc v d nh-s dng khong
cch, h thng nh s v ch th t s lm cho ghi ch r rng hn. V d, bn c th ghi ch nh sau:
Note-making: use space
Use numbers and letters

notes easy to read + remember; easy to add points later.

classify main and supporting points; show sequence.

Nhng bn s thy ni dung trn r rng hn rt nhiu nu ghi ch nh di y:

Note-making:
1. Use of space
(i) notes easy to read + remember
(ii) easy to add points later
2. Use numbers and letters
(i) classify main and supporting points
(ii) show sequence
Gch di to s ch hoc nhn mnh.

Bi tp 7
Hy s dng nhng k thut trn vit li ghi ch cho on vn 1 v 2 bn trn.

5. Khi no nn bt u ghi ch?

Ghi ch ca bn ph thuc vo tr nh ca bn v bi ging. Bn s khng c thi gian vit tt c mi thng tin
bn nghe ging. V th bn hy ghi ch lin ngay khi c th khi qun thng tin.
Cui cng, bn nn la chn mt cch ghi ch ring v sn sng thay i cho thch ng vi phong cch ngi ni.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------p n xut
Bi tp 1
When a teacher or lecturer recommends a student to read a book it's usually for a particular purpose. The book
may contain useful information about the topic being studied or it may be invaluable for the ideas or views that it
puts forward, and so on. In many cases, the teacher doesn't suggest that the whole book should be read. In fact, he
may just refer to a few pages which have a direct bearingon the matter being discussed.

Bi tp 2
Many students no particular purpose in reading. Read page by page, slowly. No overall view of text, soon forget.

Bi tp 3
(1) ?
(2) /
(3) & or +
(4) (5) " "
(6) =
(7)

(j) is the statement correct?

(b) or
(f) and/plus
(a) dash (join ideas/replace missing punctuation
(c) ditto (means the same as the words above)
(i) is/are/have/has/equals
(g) does not equal, is the opposite of

(8)
(9) >

(d) leads to/results in/causes

(h) greater than, more than

(10)

(e) fall/decrease

Bi tp 5
(1) A.,

= answer

(2) govt.
(3) info.
(4) min.
(5) sts.
(6) v.

=
=
=
=
=

government
information
minimum
students
very

Bi tp 7
When lecturer recommends book = for part. purpose
not whole book - just few pp.
When sts. read = no part. purpose
Sts. often read p. by p. etc., i.e., slowly
Result = (1) no overall view
(2) forget soon

Ngun: Internet