Computer Peripheral

IT WORKSHOP

What is a Computer ?
A computer

is a electronic device that

processes a given data to derive the
required and useful information.

Central Processing Unit (C.P.U)

Processor
a processor is the unit that reads and executes program
instruction

Type of Processor
Slot

Type Processor

Example:- Pentium II Processor

Socket

Type Processor

Example:- Pentium I,
Pentium III,
Pentium IV, & Core Processor.
Core Processor:- Processors were originally developed with
only one core. The core is the part of the processor that
actually performs the reading and executing of the instruction.
Single-core processors can only process one instruction at a
time

Slot Type Processor

a processor is the unit that reads and executes program
instruction

Socket Type Processor

a processor is the unit that reads and executes program
instruction

Primary Storage Device

RAM

(Random Access Memory )

Memory that can be read from or written to
by a computer or other devices. Information
stored in RAM is lost when the computer is
turned off.
ROM (Read Only Memory)
A semiconductor circuit that contains
information that cannot be modified.

RAM

Type of RAM
Static

Ram (S-RAM) required 6 transistor to

store single memory of data (1 bit) example
Cache Memory
Dynamic Ram (D-RAM) Require 1 transistor
and 1 capacitor to store single memory of
data (1 bit) example SD-RAM, DDR-RAM,
RD-RAM

Dynamic RAM
SD-RAM

Synchronous dynamic RAM

(Speed 66-133 MHZ, Capacity 32,64,128,256,512 MB , Pin 168)

DDR-RAM
DDR

Double Data Rate RAM

I (Speed 200-433 MHZ, Capacity 128,256,512 MB , 1, 2 GB

Pin 184)

DDR

II (Speed 433-833 MHZ, Capacity

256,512 MB , 1, 2 GB Pin

240)

DDR

III (Speed 833-1333 MHZ, Capacity 1, 2,4,8 GB Pin 240)

RD-RAM Ram Bus Dynamic RAM

ROM :- Read Only Memory

ROM

is a nonvolatile memory.
ROM usually contain the Bootstrap Loader
program, which load the Operating System
into a memory (RAM).
ROM can be reprogram using special circuits
These ROMs are known as Programmable
ROM
Example:- PROM, EPROM, EEPROM.

Secondary Storage Device

Hard

Disc Drive (HDD)

Optical Disc Drive
1. CD (Compact disc)

Floppy

2. DVD (Digital Versatile disc)

Disc Drive (FDD)

Tape Drive

Hard disc Drive (HDD)

HDD is a Secondary storage device, It has 40 pin to connect to mother
Board.

Optical Disc Drive

OPTICAL DISC
Optical

Disc

CD (Compact Disc) 2. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)

3. Blue Ray Disc
1.

Floppy disc Drive (FDD)

Floppy Disc

Tape Drive

CONTROLLER
Integrated

Drive Electronic (IDE)

IDE 1 & IDE 2 Having 40 Pin on Mother Board.

FDD

Controller

FDD Controller Having 34 Pin on Mother Board.

SATA Controller
SATA Controller Having 7 Pin on Mother Board.

Expansion Slot
PCI

(Peripheral Component Interconnect)

PCI 1.0 :- width 32 bit clock speed 66 Mhz

PCI 2.0 :- width 64 bit clock speed 66 100 Mhz
PCI Extended :- width 64 bit clock speed 133 Mhz
PCI Express :- width 64 bit clock speed 233 - 833 Mhz
Slot Colour = white or Blue
PCI Slot is for install Sound, NIC, USB, TV TUNER etc.

SOUND CARD

Acceleration Graphic Port (AGP)

AGP

is for 3D Game or Animation

Width 128 bit and Clock Speed 233 MHz 833 MHz
Slot Colour = Brown

Audio Modem Raiser

AMR

is a Combination card of Audio and

Modem

Width 128 bit and Clock Speed 200 MHz 433 MHz

Communication Network Raiser

CNR

Slot is a Communication Network

Raiser

Width 128 bit and Clock Speed 200 MHz 2000 MHz
Slot Colour = Brown

Ports On Mother Board

Port:- A connection point on your computer where you
can connect devices that pass data into and out of a
computer.
COM

Port
Printer Port
VGA Port
Sound Card
USB Port
Key Board / Mouse

COM Port

Com Port is generally use for connecting serial

mouse, external modem, serial mouse installing
router etc.

it has 5+4 9 pin male D-shell

Printer Port (LPT)

Printer Port is generally use for connecting printer or

scanner.

it has13+12 26 pin female D-shell

VGA Port
Video

Graphic adaptor is used for connecting

Monitor & Projector.

it has 5+5+5 15 pin female D-shell

Sound Card
Sound

card is used for connecting speaker,

microphone, or line in.

it has 1+1+1 3 pin connector

USB Port
Universal
USB 1.0
USB 2.0

Serial Bus
DTR 12-14 MBPS
DTR 480 MBPS

Speed 66 MHZ
Speed 233 MHZ

Key Board / Mouse port

Key Board / Mouse

Fire Wire Port

Fire

wire port is available in Apple Computer

Fire wire port DTR 400 MBPS 1.3 GBPS, Speed 233 - 833 MHZ

CMOS

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

(CMOS)
A specific type of semiconductor technology that
requires very little power. The term has been
popularized to mean a small storage area where
your system keeps track of certain hardware
parameters, such as the size of your hard disc, the
number of serial ports your computer has, etc.
CMOS is also called Setup RAM.

SMPS (switch mode power supply)

SMPS
SMPS

is a device which converts AC DC

System needs different voltages for various
Devices (like HDD, FDD, Processor, Mother Board, etc)
SMPS Generates 3 v, 5 v, 12 v.
24 pin Molex is for Mother Board.
4 pin Molex is for HDD, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM.
4 pin Mini Molex is for FDD.
4 pin super Mini Molex is for PIV system.