Dai So So Cap 12 1537 PDF

CHNG VI.
VI.1. 1)
PHNG TRNH LNG GIC
3 sin x cos x = 2
3
1
2
sin x cos x =
2
2
2
sin
sin x cos
(cos
cos x sin
cos x = cos
sin x ) = cos
cos( x + ) = cos
3
4
cos( x + ) = cos
3
4
3
cos( x + ) = cos
3
4
3
x + 3 = 4 + k 2
x + = 3 + k 2
3
4
3
=
+ k 2
x
4 3
x = 3 + k 2
4 3
5
x = 12 + k 2
( k )
x = 13 + k 2
12
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
2) cos x + 2 cos 2 x = 1
4 cos 2 x + cos x 3 = 0
cos x = 1
cos x = 3
4
x = + k 2
3
x = arccos( ) + k 2 , (k )
3
x = arccos( ) + k 2
4
312
5
13
+ k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , ( k ).
12
12
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l

3
3
x = + k 2 , x = arccos( ) + k 2 , x = arccos( ) + k 2 , ( k ).
4
4
3) cos 4 x + 2 cos 2 x = 0
1 + cos 2 x
)=0
2
2 cos 2 2 x + cos 2 x = 0
2 cos 2 2 x 1 + 2(
cos 2 x (2 cos 2 x + 1) = 0
cos 2 x = 0
2cos 2 x + 1 = 0
2 x = 2 + k
cos 2 x = 1 = cos 2
2
3
x = 4 + k 2
2
2x =
+ k 2 , (k ).
2 x = 2 + k 2
3
x = 4 + k 2
x = + k ( k )
x = + k
3
+k
,x =
+ k , ( k ).
4) 2cos 2 x + 4cos x = 3sin 2 x

2 cos 2 x + 4 cos x 3(1 cos 2 x) = 0
5 cos 2 x + 4 cos x 3 = 0
2 + 19
cos x =
5
2 19
cos x =
5
cos x =
2 + 19
2 19
(V phng trnh cos x =
v nghim)
5
5
313

2 + 19
) + k 2
x = arccos(
5
(k )
2 + 19
) + k 2
x = arccos(
5
2 + 19
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = arccos
+ k 2 , (k ).
5
5) cos x sin x + 3sin 2 x 1 = 0
t t = cos x sin x = 2 cos x + , iu kin: t 2.

4
sin 2 x = 1 t 2 . Phng trnh cho tr thnh

t = 1
3t t 2 = 0
t = 2
3
2
cos(
x
+
) =1
2 cos( x + ) = 2
4
3
cos( x + 4 ) = 2
cos( x + ) =
4
3

x + 4 = 4 + k 2
x + = + k 2
4
4
x + = arccos( 2 ) + k 2
4
3
x = k 2
x = + k 2
, ( k )
2
x = arccos( 2 ) + k 2
3
4
x = k 2 , x =
314
+ k 2 , x = arccos(
2
) + k 2 , (k ).
3
4
6) 2sin 2 x 3 3 ( sin x + cos x ) + 3 3 = 0

4sin x cos x 3 3 ( sin x + cos x ) + 3 3 = 0 (1)
t t = sin x + cos x = 2 sin x + , iu kin: t 2.

4
Khi t 2 = 1 + 2sin x cos x sin x cos x =
t2 1
.
2
Phng trnh (1) tr thnh 2 t 2 1 3 3 t + 3 3 = 0

2t 2 3 3 t + 3 3 2 = 0
t = 1
3 3 2
t =
Chn t = 1 2 sin x + = 1
4
1
2
sin x + =
=
= sin
4
2
4
2

x = k 2
x + 4 = 4 + k 2
,(k ).
x
=
+
k
2
x + = + k 2
2
4
4
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , ( k ).
7) sin 2 x + 2 sin x = 1 2sin x cos x + sin x cos x = 1(1)

4
t t = sin x cos x = 2 sin x , iu kin: t 2.

4
Suy ra t 2 = 1 2sin x cos x = 1 s in2x s in2x = 1 t 2

Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh
1 t2 + t = 1
t2 t = 0
t ( t 1) = 0
t = 0
t = 1
+ Vi t = 0. Ta c
315
2 sin x = 0 sin x = 0 x = k x = + k , (k ).
4
4
4
4
+ Vi t = 1. Ta c
2 sin x = 1 sin x =
4
4
2
x 4 = 4 + k 2
x = + k 2
, ( k ).
2
x = + k 2
x = + k 2
4
4
8) sin 2 x + 2sin x cos x 2 cos 2 x =
+ k , x =
+ k 2 , x = + k 2 , ( k ).
1
(1)
2
V cos x = 0 khng l nghim ca (1) nn chia hai v ca phng trnh (1) cho cos 2 x 0
ta nhn c ca phng trnh
tan 2 x + 2 tan x 2 =
1
1 + tan 2 x
2
tan 2 x + 4 tan x 5 = 0
x = + k
tan x = 1
,(k )
4
tan x = 5
x = arctan(5) + k
9) cos x + sin x =
cos 2 x
(1)
1 sin 2 x
iu kin: 1 sin 2 x 0 s in2x 1 x
Vi iu kin trn th
(1) cos x + sin x =
cos 2 x
2
( cos x sin x )
( cos x + sin x )( cos x sin x )
cos x + sin x =
2
( cos x sin x )
cos x + sin x =
316
+ k , x = arctan( 5) + k , ( k ).
cos x + sin x
cos x sin x
+ k , ( k )
( cos x + sin x ) 1
=0
cos x sin x
cos x + sin x = 0
cos x sin x = 1
tan x = 1
2 cos x + = 1
x = 4 + k
x = + k
, ( k ) . (Tha iu kin)
x + = + k 2 x = k 2
4 4
x = + k 2
x + = + k 2
2
4
4
+ k , x = k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , ( k ).
10) sin 3 x cos 3 x = 1 + sin x cos x

( sin x cos x ) ( sin 2 x + sin x cos x + cos 2 x ) = 1 + sin x cos x
( sin x cos x )(1 + sin x cos x ) = 1 + sin x cos x
(1 + sin x cos x )( sin x cos x 1) = 0

sin 2 x
1 +
2 sin x 1 = 0
2
4
2 sin x 4 1 = 0
sin 2 x
1 + 2 = 0

1
sin x =
4
2

sin 2 x = 2
sin x =
(V phng trnh s in2x = 2 v nghim)
4 2

x 4 = 4 + k 2
x = + k 2
4
4
317
x = + k 2
, ( k )
2
x = + k 2
+ k 2 , x = + k 2 , ( k ).
VI.2.1) sin 3x = 2cos 2 x 1
3sin x 4sin 3 x = 1 2sin 2 x

4sin 3 x 2sin 2 x 3sin x + 1 = 0
( sin x 1) 4sin 2 x + 2sin x 1 = 0

sin x = 1
2
4sin x + 2 sin x 1 = 0
sin x = 1
1 + 5
sin x =
sin x = 1 5
x = + k 2
x = arcsin 1 + 5 + k 2
1 + 5
x = arcsin
+ k 2
4
x = arcsin 1 5 + k 2
1 5
x = arcsin
4 + k 2

1 5
1 5
x = + k 2 , x = arcsin
+ k 2 , x = arcsin
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
2
4
4
2)
1 + tan x
2
= ( sin x + cos x ) (1)
1 tan x
318
x + k
cos
x
2
iu kin:
,(k ).
tan x 1
x + k
4
Vi iu kin trn th
(1)
cos x + sin x
2
= ( sin x + cos x )
cos x sin x
2
( cos x + sin x ) ( cos x sin x )( cos x + sin x ) = 0
( cos x + sin x ) 1 cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 0
2 sin + x = 0
cos x + sin x = 0
=
2sin
x
0
sin x = 0

sin + x = 0
+ x = k
x = + k
,(k )
4
sin x = 0
x = k
x = k
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l
x=
+ k , x = k , ( k ).
3) 1 + tan 2 x =
1 sin 2 x
(1)
cos 2 2 x
iu kin: cos 2 x 0 x
+k
, ( k ).
Vi iu kin trn th
(1) 1 +
sin 2 x 1 sin 2 x
cos 2 x + sin 2 x 1 sin 2 x
=
=
2
cos 2 x
cos 2 x
cos 2 x
cos 2 2 x
cos 2 x ( cos 2 x + sin 2 x ) = 1 sin 2 x
cos 2 2 x + cos 2 x sin 2 x + sin 2 x 1 = 0

s in2x(cos 2 x + 1) + (cos 2 x 1)(cos 2 x + 1) = 0
(cos 2 x + 1)(sin 2 x + cos 2 x 1) = 0
cos 2 x + 1 = 0
cos 2 x + s in2x 1 = 0
cos 2 x = 1
2 cos(2 x ) = 1
4
319

2 x = + k 2

2 x = + k 2 , (k )
4 4
2 x = + k 2
4
4
x = 2 + k
x = + k , ( k )
x
=
k
Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l

x=
+ k , x = k , ( k ).
4) tan 3 x tan x = s in2x (1)
x +
3 x + k
cos 3 x 0
2
6 3 x + k , k .
iu kin:
(
)
6 3
cos x 0
x + k
x + k
2
2
Vi iu kin trn th
(1)
sin 2 x
= sin 2 x
cos 3 x cos x
sin 2 x = sin 2 x cos 3 x cos x

sin 2 x (1 cos 3 x cos x ) = 0
sin 2 x = 0
sin 2 x = 0
1
( cos 4 x + cos 2 x ) 1 = 0
cos 3x cos x 1 = 0
2
sin 2 x = 0
sin 2 x = 0
2
cos 2 x = 1 cos 2 x = 3
2
cos
2
x
+
cos
2
x
3
=
0
sin 2 x = 0
k
sin 2 x = 0 x =
.
2
cos 2 x = 1
i chiu vi iu kin th nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , ( k ) .
5) ( sin x sin 2 x )( sin x + sin 2 x ) = sin 2 3 x

sin 2 x sin 2 2 x = sin 2 3 x
320
1 cos 2 x 1 cos 4 x 1 cos 6 x
=
2
2
2
cos 2 x + cos 4 x + cos 6 x 1 = 0
cos 2 x + 2cos 2 2 x 1 + 4 cos3 2 x 3cos 2 x 1 = 0

2 cos3 2 x + cos 2 2 x 2 cos 2 x 1 = 0
cos 2 x = 1
cos 2 x = 1
1
cos 2 x =
2
x = k
x = + k
x = + k
3
2 x = k 2
2 x = + k 2
2
+ k 2
2x =
3
x = 2
, (k )
x = + k
3
, x = + k , ( k ).
2
3
6) sin x + sin 3 x + 4cos 3 x = 0

2sin 2 x cos x + 4 cos 3 x = 0
4 cos 2 x(sin x + cos x ) = 0
4 2 cos 2 x cos( x ) = 0
4
cos x = 0
cos( x ) = 0
x = 2 + k
x = 2 + k
, (k )
3
x = + k
x =
+ k
4 2
4
+ k , x =
3
+ k , ( k ).
4
321
7) sin 2 x = 1 + 2 cos x + cos 2 x

2sin x cos x = 1 + 2 cos x + 2 cos 2 x 1
2sin x cos x 2 cos x 2 cos 2 x = 0
cos x (2 sin x 2 2 cos x) = 0
cos x = 0
cos x = 0
sin x cos x = 2
2sin x 2 2cos x = 0
2
cos x = 0
2 sin( x ) = 2
4
2
cos x = 0
sin( x ) = 1 = sin
4
2
6
x = 2 + k
x = 2 + k
x = + k 2 x =
+ k 2 , ( k )
4 6
12
x = 5 + k 2
x = 13 + k 2
12
4
6
x=
+ k , x =
5
13
+ k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
12
12
8) 2cos 6 x + sin 4 x + cos 2 x = 0. Dng cng thc h bc ta a phng trnh cho v

cos3 2 x + 4cos 2 2 x + 5cos 2 x + 2 = 0 cos 2 x = 1 cos 2 x = 2 2 x = + k 2
x=
+ k . Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
9) 2 cos 2 3x cos 2 x cos 2 3 x + sin 2 x 1 = 0

cos 2 3x (2cos 2 x 1) cos 2 x = 0
1
cos 2 3x cos 2 x (1 + cos 2 x) = 0
2
1 1
cos 2 x. cos 2 3x = 0
2 2
1 + cos 6 x 1 1
cos 2 x
=0
2
2 2
cos 2 x cos 6 x 1 = 0
322
+ k , ( k ).
1
( cos8 x + cos 4 x ) 1 = 0
2
cos 8 x + cos 4 x 2 = 0
2 cos 2 4 x 1 + cos 4 x 2 = 0
2 cos 2 4 x + cos 4 x 3 = 0
cos 4 x = 1
cos 4 x = 3
2
cos 4 x = 1 4 x = k 2
k
x=
, (k ).
2
VI.3. 1) sin x + cot
iu kin: sin
k
, ( k ).
2
x
=2
2
x
0 x k 2 , ( k ) .
2
Ta thy x = + k 2 , ( k ) khng l nghim ca phng trnh (1).
x + k 2
x
Vi
, ( k ) ta t t = tan th phng trnh (1) tr thnh
2
x k 2
2t
1
+ =2
2
1+ t
t
( )
2 (1 + t ) t = 0
2t 2 + 1 + t 2 = 2 1 + t 2 t
2t 2 + 1 + t 2
2t 2 + 1 + t 2 2t 2t 3 = 0
2t 3 3t 2 + 2t 1 = 0
t =1
Khi t = 1 th tan
x
x
= 1 = + k x = + k 2 , ( k ).
2
2 4
2
So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
2) sin 2 x + cos2 x + tan x = 2(1)

iu kin: x
+ k , ( k ) .
t t = tanx th phng trnh (1) tr thnh
323
2t
1 t2
+
+t = 2
1+ t2 1+ t2
) (
2t + 1 t 2 + t 1 + t 2 = 2 1 + t 2
2t + 1 t 2 + t + t 3 = 2 + 2t 2
t 3 3t 2 + 3t 1 = 0
t =1
Khi t = 1 th tan x = 1 x =
+ k , ( k )

3) cos4x
3 1 tan 2 x
2
1 + tan x
iu kin: x
+ k , ( k ) .
) + 2 = 0 (1)
+ k , k . Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh
cos 4x 3cos 2 x 1 tan 2 x + 2 = 0

1
cos 4x 3cos 2 x 2
+2 = 0
cos 2 x
cos 4x 6cos 2 x + 3 + 2 = 0
2 cos 2 2 x 1 3 (1 + cos 2 x ) + 5 = 0
2 cos 2 2 x 3cos 2 x + 1 = 0
cos 2 x = 1
2 x = k 2
x = k
,(k ).
cos 2 x = 1
2 x = + k 2
x = + k
2
3
6
So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , x =

4)
tan x - 1
+ cot 2 x = 0, ( 0 < x < ) (1)
tan x + 1
x + k
k
cos
x
x
2
2
iu kin: sin2x 0 2 x k
, (k ).
tanx 1
x + k
x + k
4
4
324
+ k 2 , ( k ).

0 < x <
Kt hp vi iu kin 0 < x < ta c iu kin: x

(*)
2
x 4
Khi (1)
tanx 1 cos2x
+
=0
tanx + 1 sin2x
t t = tan x th phng trnh (1) tr thnh

t 1 1 t 2
+
=0
t +1
2t
t +1
1
( t 1)
=0
t + 1 2t
t 1 = 0
1
t =1
t +1
=0
t + 1 2t
tan x = 1
x=
+ k , ( k )
Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

5) tan 3 x 1 +
3cot x = 3(1)
2
cos x
2
Vi iu kin < x <
< x <
3
th phng trnh (1) tr thnh
2
1
3 tan x = 3
cos 2 x
tan 3 x + tan 2 x 3 tan x 3 = 0
tan 3 x 1 +
( tan x + 1) tan 2 x 3 = 0
tan x = 1 tan x = 1
2
tan x = 3
tan x = 3
x = 4 + k
, (k )
x = + k
325
Kt hp vi iu kin < x <
3
4
, ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
.
2
3
6) cos3 x sin x sin 3 x cos x =
2
(1)
8
(1) cos x sin x(cos 2 x sin 2 x ) =
2
8
2
2
2
sin 2 x cos 2 x =
sin 4 x =
8
4
2
x = 16 + k 2
4 x = 4 + k 2
; (k ).
x = 3 + k
4 x = 3 + k 2
4
16
2
cos x sin x cos 2 x =
16
+k
;x =
+ k ; ( k Z ).
16
2
7) sin 2 3 x cos 2 4 x = sin 2 5 x cos 2 6 x(1)

(1) sin 2 3x sin 2 5 x = cos 2 4 x cos 2 6 x
( sin 3x + sin 5 x )( sin 3 x sin 5 x ) = ( cos 4 x + cos 6 x )( cos 4 x cos 6 x )
( 2 sin 4 x cos x )( 2 cos 4 x sin x ) = ( 2 cos 5 x cos x )( 2 sin 5 x sin x )
cos x sin x ( sin 4 x cos 4 x + cos 5 x sin 5 x ) = 0
1
1
cos x sin x sin 8 x + sin10 x = 0

2
2
cos x sin x ( sin 9 x cos x ) = 0

cos 2 x sin x sin 9 x = 0
cos x = 0
sin x = 0
sin 9 x = 0
x = 2 + k
x =
x = k
x =
x =
9
k
2
, ( k ).
k
9
k
k
;x =
, ( k Z ).
2
9
8) cos 3x 4 cos 2 x + 3cos x 4 = 0, x [ 0;14]
326
(1) 4 cos3 x 3cos x 4 2cos 2 x 1 + 3cos x 4 = 0

4 cos3 x 8cos 2 x = 0
4 cos 2 x ( cos x 2 ) = 0
cos x = 0
cos x = 2
Ta loi trng hp cos x = 2. Nh vy ta c cos x = 0 x =
Do x [0;14] suy ra 0
+ k ; ( k ) .
+ k 14, ( k Z )
1
14 1
k , k Z k {0;1; 2;3}.
2
2
3 5 7
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l tha yu cu ca bi l x ; ; ; .
2 2 2 2
1
x
9) sin 4 x + sin 4 + + cos 4 x = sin 2 2 x(1)
2
2 8
x
(1) sin 4 x + sin 4 + + cos 4 x = 2sin 2 2 x cos 2 x
2 8
2
x
cos 2 x sin 2 x + sin 4 + = 0
2 8
x
cos 2 2 x + sin 4 + = 0
2 8
cos 2 2 x = 0
cos 2 x = 0
4x
x
sin 2 + 8 = 0
sin 2 + 8 = 0
2 x = 2 + k
x = 4 + 2
x + = m
x = + m
2 8
2
8
k
x = 4 + 2
x = + m2 , ( m ) .
4
x = + m2
4
10) 2 cos 2 x 8cos x + 7 =
+ m2 , (m Z ).
1
(1)
cos x
327
iu kin: cos x 0 x
+ k , (k Z)(*)
(1) 2 cos x cos 2 x 8cos 2 x + 7 cos x = 1
2 cos x 2 cos 2 x 1 8cos 2 x + 7 cos x 1 = 0

4 cos3 x 8cos 2 x + 5cos x 1 = 0
x = k 2
cos x = 1
; k .
x = + k 2
cos x = 1
3
Cc gi tr ny u tha iu kin (*)

Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k 2 ; x =
+ k 2 ; (k Z ).
cos 3 x + sin 3x
VI.4. 1) 5 sin x +
= cos 2 x + 3, x (0; 2 )
1 + 2sin 2 x
x 12 + k
iu kin: 1 + 2sin 2 x 0
x 7 + k
12
, ( k ).
x ( 0; 2 )
11
23
Kt hp vi iu kin x ( 0; 2 ) ta c iu kin x
,x
(*)
12
12
7
19
x 12 , x 12
Khi phng trnh cho tng ng vi
sin x + 2sin x sin 2 x + cos 3x + sin 3 x

5
= cos 2 x + 3
1 + 2sin 2 x
sin x + cos x + sin 3 x

5
= cos 2 x + 3
1 + 2sin 2 x
2sin 2 x cos x + cos x

5
= cos 2 x + 3
1 + 2sin 2 x
5 cos x = cos 2 x + 3
5cos x = 2cos 2 x 1 + 3
cos x = 2
2 cos x 5cos x + 2 = 0
cos x = 1
328
x = + k 2
1
3
V cos x 1 nn ta chn trng hp cos x =
, (k )
2
x = + k 2
3
So vi iu kin (*) th phng trnh cho c nghim l x =
,x =
5
.
3
2) sin 2 x.cos x = tan 3 x.sin( x + ) cos 2 x.sin x(1)

6
iu kin: cos 3x 0 x
+k
, ( k ) . Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh
sin 2 x cos x + cos 2 x sin x = tan 3 x sin( x + )

6
sin 3x = tan 3x sin( x + )

6
sin 3 x =
sin 3 x
sin( x + )
cos 3x
6
sin 3x 1
sin( x + ) = 0
6
cos 3x
sin 3 x = 0
1 1 sin( x + ) = 0
6
cos 3x
sin 3 x = 0
cos 3 x sin( x + ) = 0
6
sin 3 x = 0
cos 3 x = sin( x + )
6
sin 3 x = 0
sin( 3 x) = sin( x + )
2
6
3 x = k
, (k )
3 x = x + + k 2
2
6
3 x = ( x + ) + k 2
2
6
329
x = 3
k
x =
, (k )
12 2
x = k
6
3) cot x 1 =
cos 2 x
1
+ sin 2 x sin 2 x
1 + tan x
2
k
x
2
iu kin:
, (k ).
2
tan x 1 x + k
4
Khi phng trnh cho tr thnh
cos x sin x
cos 2 x sin 2 x
1
= cos x (
) + sin 2 x sin 2 x
sin x
(cos x + sin x )
2
cos x sin x
1
= cos x(cos x sin x) + sin 2 x sin 2 x
sin x
2
cos x sin x
1
= cos 2 x cos x sin x + sin 2 x sin 2 x

sin x
2
cos x sin x
= 1 sin 2 x
sin x
cos x sin x
= (cos x sin x )2
sin x
(cos x sin x)
(cos x sin x) = 0
sin x
cos x sin x = 0
1
(cos x sin x) = 0
sin x
2 cos( x + 4 ) = 0
1 (cos x sin x) = 0
sin x

x + = + k , ( k )
4 2
2
1 sin x cos x + sin x = 0
330
k
k
,x =
,(k ).
3
12 2
x = 4 + k , ( k )
1 cos x + 1 = 0
sin 2 x sin x
x = + k , (k )
4
2
cot x cot x + 2 = 0
x=
+ k , (k ) (V phng trnh cot 2 x cot x + 2 = 0 v nghim).

4) sin 4 x.sin 2 x + sin 9 x.sin 3 x = cos 2 x
+ k , (k ).
1
1
(cos 2 x cos 6 x) + (cos 6 x cos12 x ) = cos 2 x
2
2
1
1 + cos 2 x
(cos 2 x cos12 x) =
2
2
cos12 x = 1
12 x = + k 2
x=
12
k
, (k ).
6
12
k
, (k ).
6
5) cos 2 x.sin 4 x + cos 2 x = 2 cos x (sin x + cos x) 1

cos 2 x sin 4 x + cos 2 x = 2 cos x sin x + 2 cos 2 x 1
cos 2 x sin 4 x + cos 2 x = 2 cos x sin x + cos 2 x
1
sin 2 2 x sin 2 x = sin 2 x
4
1
sin 2 x sin 2 x sin 2 x 1 = 0

4
sin 2 x = 0
1
sin 2 x sin 2 x 1 = 0
4
2 x = k , ( k )
2
sin 2 x sin x = 4
x=
k
, (k ) (V s in2x sin 2 x 1 nn phng trnh sin 2 x sin 2 x = 4 v nghim).
2
331
k
, (k ).
2
6) 3 cos 4 x + sin 4 x 2 cos 3x = 0

3 cos 4 x + sin 4 x = 2 cos 3x
3
1
cos 4 x + sin 4 x = cos 3 x
2
2
cos
cos 4 x + sin
sin 4 x = cos 3 x
cos 4 x = cos 3x
6
4 x 6 = 3 x + k 2
x = 6 + k 2
,(k ).
4 x = 3x + k 2
x = + k 2
6
42
7
+ k 2 , x =
42
k 2
,(k ).
7
7) 4cos 2 x 2 cos 2 2 x = 1 + cos 4 x

4 cos 2 x 2 cos 2 2 x = 2 cos 2 2 x
cos 2 x cos 2 2 x = 0
( cos x cos 2 x )( cos x + cos 2 x ) = 0
3x
x
3x
x
sin cos cos = 0
2
2
2
2
s in3x sin x = 0
sin
s in3x = 0
sin x = 0
3 x = k
x = k
k
x=
x = k
x=
k
, (k ).
3
k
, (k ).
3
8) 2sin 2 x = 2sin 2 x tan x (1) . iu kin: x + k , (k ).

4
2
332

sin x
(1) 2 sin x = 2sin 2 x
4
cos x
sin x
2
( sin x cos x ) = 2sin 2 x
cos x
sin x
1 2sin x cos x = 2sin 2 x
cos x
2
2
cos x 2sin x cos x 2sin x cos x + sin x = 0
sin x + cos x 2sin x cos x ( sin x + cos x ) = 0
( sin x + cos x )(1 sin 2 x ) = 0
2 sin x + = 0
sin x + cos x = 0
sin 2 x = 1
sin 2 x = 1
x = 4 + k
,(k )
x = + k
4
+ k , x =
+ k , (k ).
9) cos 3x + 2 cos 2 x = 1 2 sin x sin 2 x

cos 3x + 2 cos 2 x = 1 + cos 3x cos x
2 cos 2 x = 1 cos x
2 2cos 2 x 1 = 1 cos x
4 cos 2 x + cos x 3 = 0
cos x = 1 x = + k 2
, k ).
x = arccos 3 + k 2 (
cos x = 3
4
3
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = + k 2 , x = arccos + k 2 , (k ).
4
10) ( 2sin x 1)( 2 cos x + sin x ) = sin 2 x cos x
( 2 sin x 1)( 2 cos x + sin x ) = 2 sin x cos x cos x
( 2 sin x 1)( 2 cos x + sin x ) cos x ( 2sin x 1) = 0
( 2 sin x 1)( cos x + sin x ) = 0
333
sin x =
2sin x 1 = 0
2
2 sin x + = 0
cos x + sin x = 0
x = 6 + k 2
5
x =
+ k 2 , (k )
x = + k
4
11)
+ k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , x = + k , (k ).
6
4
3 cos 5 x 2 sin 3x cos 2 x sin x = 0(1)
(1) 3 cos 5 x ( sin 5 x + sin x ) sin x = 0

3 cos 5 x sin 5 x = 2sin x
3
1
cos 5 x sin 5 x = sin x
2
2
sin 5 x = sin x
3
3 5 x = x + k 2
6 x = 3 k 2
x = 18 k 3
, k .
5 x = x + k 2 4 x = k 2
x = k
3
3
6
2
18
; x = k ,(k ).
3
6
2
12) sin x + cos x sin 2 x + 3 cos 3 x = 2 cos 4 x + sin 3 x (1)

3
1
3sin x sin 3 x
(1) sin x + sin 3x + 3 cos 3x = 2 cos 4 x +
2
2
2
sin 3x + 3 cos 3 x = 2 cos 4 x
1
3
sin 3 x +
cos 3 x = cos 4 x
2
2
cos 4 x = cos 3 x
6
334
4 x = 3 x 6 + k 2
x = 6 + k 2
, ( k ).
4 x = 3 x + + k 2
x = + k 2
6
42
7

VI.5.1) tan
( 2 sin
x +1 =
iu kin: x
2 x sin 3 x
4
cos x
+ k 2 , x =
42
+k
2
,(k ).
7
(1)
+ k , ( k ) .
2 sin 2 2 x sin 3 x
sin 4 x
(1)
+1 =
cos 4 x
cos 4 x
sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 2 sin 2 2 x sin 3 x
1 2sin 2 x cos 2 x = 2 sin 2 2 x sin 3 x

1
1 sin 2 2 x = ( 2 sin 2 2 x ) sin 3 x
2
1
2 sin 2 2 x ) ( 2 sin 2 2 x ) sin 3x = 0
(
2
2 sin 2 2 x sin 3x = 0
2
2 sin 2 2 x = 0
sin 2 2 x = 2
1
sin 3x = 0
sin 3 x = 1
2
2
k 2
3 x = + k 2
x= +
1
6
18
3
sin 3x =
, (k ).
2
3 x = 5 + k 2
x = 5 + k 2
6
18
3
(V phng trnh sin 2 2x = 2 v nghim).

So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l
x=
18
k 2
5 k 2
,x =
+
, (k ).
3
18
3
sin 4 x + cos 4 x 1
1
2)
= cot 2 x
(1)
5sin 2 x
2
8sin 2 x
335
iu kin: sin 2 x 0 2 x k x
k
,(k ).
2
Vi iu kin trn th
(1)
sin 4 x + cos 4 x cos 2 x

1
=
5sin 2 x
2sin 2 x 8sin 2 x
(
8 (1 2sin
8 sin 4 x + cos 4 x = 20cos 2 x 5

2
x cos 2 x = 20 cos 2 x 5
8 1 sin 2 2 x = 20 cos 2 x 5
2
8 4sin 2 2 x = 20 cos 2 x 5
8 4 1 cos 2 2 x = 20 cos 2 x 5
9
cos 2 x =
2
4 cos 2 2 x 20cos 2 x + 9 = 0
1
cos 2 x =
2 x = + k 2
x = + k
1
3
6
cos 2 x =
,(k ).
2
2 x = + k 2
x = + k
3
6
(V phng trnh cos 2 x =
9
v nghim).
2
+ k , (k ).
3) 1 + sin x + cos x + sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 0

(1 + sin 2 x ) + sin x + cos x + cos 2 x = 0
2
( sin x + cos x ) + ( sin x + cos x ) + ( sin x + cos x )( cos x sin x ) = 0

( sin x + cos x )( sin x + cos x + 1 + cos x sin x ) = 0
( sin x + cos x )( 2 cos x + 1) = 0
2
cos(
x
)=0
sin x + cos x = 0
4
2cos x + 1 = 0
cos x = 1
336
x 4 = 2 + k
x = 4 + k
, (k ).
x = 2 + k 2
x = 2 + k 2
3
3
3
2
+ k , x =
+ k 2 , (k ).
4
3
4) 2cos 2 x sin 2 x + cos x sin 3 x = 0

4
4 2
2sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin 3x cos x = 0

4
4 2
1
1
1
sin 2 2 x + sin 2 x + sin 4 x = 0

2
2
2 2
1
1
1
sin 2 2 x + ( sin 2 x cos 4 x ) = 0
2
2
2
sin 2 2 x + sin 2 x 1 2sin 2 2 x 1 = 0
sin 2 x = 1
sin 2 2 x + sin 2 x 2 = 0
sin 2 x = 2
s in2x = 1 (V phng trnh s in2x = 2 v nghim).
2x =
+ k 2 x =
+k , (k ).
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh l x =
+ k , (k ).
5) cot x + sin x 1 + tan x tan = 4(1)

2
x 2
k
x
iu kin:
x
,(k ).
2
2
cos x 0
x + k 2
2
Vi iu kin trn th ta c
x
sin x sin
2 =4
(1) cot x + sin x 1 +
x
cos x cos
2
337
cos 2
cot x + sin x
=4
x
cos x cos
2
cot x +
sin x
=4
cos x
4 sin x cos x = 1
2 x = + k 2
x = + k
1
6
12
sin 2 x =
,(k ).
2
2 x = 5 + k 2
x = 5 + k
12
6
So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l
x=
6)
12
+ k , x =
5
+ k , (k ).
12
2(cos 6 x + sin 6 x) sin x cos x

= 0(1)
2 2sin x
iu kin:
x 4 + k 2
2
2 2sin x 0 sin x
( k )
3
2
x
+ k 2
Vi iu kin trn th
(1) 2(cos 6 x + sin 6 x ) sin x cos x = 0
2(1 3cos 2 x sin 2 x ) sin x cos x = 0
6 cos 2 x sin 2 x + sin x cos x 2 = 0
sin x cos x = 3
sin 2 x =
sin x cos x = 1
sin 2 x = 1
2
s in2x = 1 (V phng trnh sin2x =
2x =
x=
4
v nghim)
3
+ k 2
+ k , ( k ) .
338
5
+ k 2 , (k ).
4
7) cos 3x + cos 2 x cos x 1 = 0

4 cos3 x 3cos x + 2 cos 2 x 1 cos x 1 = 0
4 cos3 x + 2 cos 2 x 4 cos x 2 = 0
(cos 2 x 1)(4 cos x + 2) = 0
x = k 2
cos x = 1
cos x = 1 x = + k 2
1
2
+ k 2
x =
cos x =
2
3
x = k
x = 2 + k 2
3
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , x =
2
+ k 2 , (k ).
3
8) 13 18 tan x = 6 tan x 3
6 tan x 3 0
2
13 18 tan x = (6 tan x 3)
1
tan x
2
18 tan 2 x 9 tan x 2 = 0
1
tan x 2
2
2
2
tan x = tan x = x = arctan + k , (k ).
3
3
3
1
tan x = 6
2
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = arctan + k , (k ).
3
9) cos 4 x sin 4 x = cos x + sin x (1)

Ta c VT = cos 4 x sin 4 x = cos 2 x sin 2 x = cos 2 x 1, x .
2
cos x cos x
Mt khc
VP = cos x + sin x sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1
2
sin
x
sin
x
cos 2 x = 1
x = k , ( k )
2
Do (1) cos x = cos x cos x = cos 2 x x = k , (k ).
sin x = sin 2 x
sin x = sin 2 x
339
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , (k ).

10) cos13 x + sin14 x = 1(1)
sin14 x sin 2 x
Ta c 13
cos13 x + sin14 x sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1 VT 1
2
cos x cos x
sin x = 0
sin x = 0
sin14 x = sin 2 x
sin x = 1 cos x = 0
Do (1) 13
2
cos
x
=
cos
x
cos
x
=
0
cos x = 0
cos x = 1
cos x = 1
sin x = 0
x = k 2
cos x = 1
, (k ).
x = + k
cos x = 0
2
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , (k ).
VI.6. 1) tan x = cot x + 4cos 2 2 x.

iu kin: sin x.cos x 0 x
k
,(k ).
2
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi

tan x cotx = 4 cos 2 2 x
sin x cos x
2 cos 2 x
= 4 cos 2 2 x
+ 4 cos 2 2 x = 0
cos x sin x
sin 2 x
cos 2 x
+ 2cos 2 x = 0 cos 2 x (1 + sin 4 x ) = 0.
sin 2 x
cos 2 x = 0 x =
sin 4 x = 1 x =
k
.
2
+
k
.
2
i chiu iu kin suy ra nghim ca phng trnh cho l

x=
k
k
v x = +
, (k ).
2
8 2
2) sin 2 x = sin x +
.
4
4 2

2
2
2
( cos x sin x )( 2 cos x 1) = 0.
( sin 2 x cos 2 x ) = ( sin x cos x ) +
2
2
2
340
cos x sin x = 0 tgx = 1 x =

2 cos x 1 = 0 cos x =
+ k .
x = + k 2 .
2
3
+ k , x =
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
3 2cos 2 x + cos x 2 + ( 3 2 cos x ) sin x = 0
3)
2 3 1 sin 2 x + 3 cos x 2 3 + 3sin x 2 cos x sin x = 0

2 3 sin 2 x + 3 cos x + 3sin x 2cos x sin x = 0
3 cos x + 3 sin x 2sin x cos x + 3 sin x = 0
3 sin x + cos x
)(
3 2sin x = 0
x = + k 2
3
3
sin x =
3 2 sin x = 0
2
x =
+ k 2
3
3
1
3 sin x + cos x = 0
sin x + cos x = 0
2
2
2
cos x = 0
x = 3 + k 2
x = 3 + k 2
x = 2 + k 2 x = 2 + k 2 , ( k ) .
3
3
x = + k
x = 5 + k
3 2
6
+ k 2 , x =
+ k 2 , x =
5
+ k , ( k ) .
6
4) (1 + 2cos 3 x ) sin x + sin 2 x = 2sin 2 2 x +

4
sin x + sin 4 x sin 2 x + sin 2 x = 1 cos 4 x +

2
sin x + sin 4 x = 1 + sin 4 x

sin x = 1
x=
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
341
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
x
x
x
5) 1 + sin sin x cos sin 2 x = 2 cos 2
2
2
4 2
x
x
1 + sin sin x cos sin 2 x = 1 + cos x

2
2
2
x
x
1 + sin sin x cos sin 2 x = 1 + sin x
2
2
x
x
sin x sin cos sin x 1 = 0

2
2
x
x
x
sin x sin 2 cos 2 sin 1 = 0

2
2
2
x
x
x
sin x sin 2 1 sin 2 sin 1 = 0

2
2
2
x
x
x
sin x sin 1 1 + 2 sin + 1 sin = 0

2
2
2
x
x
x
sin x sin 1 2 sin 2 + 2 sin + 1 = 0

2
2
2
sin x = 0
x = k 2
x = k 2
x = k , ( k ) .
x
sin = 1 = + k 2
x = + k 4
2
2 2
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , ( k ) .
1
6) cos 2 ( x + ) + sin 2 ( x + ) = 2 sin x
3
6
4
1
cos 2 ( x + ) + sin 2 ( x + ) = 2 sin x
3
6
4
1
2 1

1
1 + cos(2 x +
) + 1 cos(2 x + ) = 2 sin x
2
3 2
3
4
2
1
2 + cos(2 x +
) cos(2 x + ) = 4 sin x
3
3
2
5
2sin(2 x + ) sin 4sin x + = 0
2
6
2
5
sin(2 x + ) + 4sin x = 0
2
2
342
5
=0
2
5
1 2sin 2 x + 4 sin x = 0
2
3
2 sin 2 x 4 sin x + = 0
2
2
4 sin x 8sin x + 3 = 0
cos 2 x + 4 sin x
x = + k 2
sin x = 2
1
6
sin x =
, ( k ).
1
5
2
x =
sin x =
+ k 2
2
6
+ k 2 , x =
5
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
6
sin 3x 4 cos x 3
6
=0
7)
sin 3 x 1
iu kin: sin 3x 1 3 x
+ k 2 x
k 2
, ( k ) . (*)
3
sin 3x 4 cos x 3 = 0
6
cos 3 x 4 cos x 3 = 0
2
6
cos 3 x 4cos x 3 = 0
6
6
4 cos3 x 7 cos x 3 = 0
6
6
x=
+ k 2
cos x 6 = 1

1
5
cos x = x =
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
6
2
6

3
x = + k 2
cos x =
2
6 2

Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l
x=
7
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
6
343
8) cos 3x cos 3 x sin 3x sin 3 x =
2+3 2
.
8

2+3 2
2
2+3 2
cos 2 3 x + sin 2 3 x + 3 ( cos 3x cos x sin 3 x sin x ) =
2
1
k
cos 4 x =
4 x = + k 2 x = +
, ( k ).
4
16 2
2
cos 3x ( cos 3 x + 3cos x ) sin 3x ( 3sin x sin 3x ) =
16
k
,(k ).
2
9) 4sin 3x sin x + 4 cos 3 x cos x + cos 2 2 x + + 1 = 0.

4
4
4

2 ( cos 2 x + sin 2 x ) +
1 + sin 4 x
=0
2
t t = cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 2 cos 2 x sin 4 x = t 2 1. iu kin: t 2

4
t = 0
Ta c phng trnh t 2 + 4t = 0
t = 4
3 k
Ta chn t = 0 . Suy ra cos 2 x = 0 x =

+
,(k ).
4
8
2
3 k
+
,(k ).
8
2
10) sin 3x + 3 cos 3x + cos 2 x 3 sin 2 x = sin x + 3 cos x.

2cos 2 x sin x 2 3 sin 2 x sin x + cos 2 x 3 sin 2 x = 0
(1 + 2sin x ) cos 2 x 3 sin 2 x = 0
x = + k 2
sin x = 2
1 + 2sin x = 0
7
x =
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
6
cos 2 x + = 0
cos 2 x 3 sin 2 x = 0

3
x = + k
12 2
344
7
k
+ k 2 , x = +
, ( k ).
x = + k 2 , x =
6
6
12 2
11) sin 2 x (1 + tan x ) = 3sin x ( cos x sin x ) + 3 (1)
iu kin: x
+ k , ( k ) .(*)
Phng trnh (1) tng ng vi

sin x + cos x
2
sin 2 x
= 3 1 sin x + sin x cos x
cos x
2
sin x ( sin x + cos x ) = 3cos 2 x ( sin x + cos x )
( sin x + cos x ) 3cos 2 x sin 2 x = 0

x = + k
sin x + 4 = 0
, ( k ).
1
x = + k
cos 2 x =
(Tha iu kin (*)). Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l

x=
12)
+ k , x =
+ k , ( k ) .
sin 2 x cos 2 x
+
= tan x cot x (1)
cos x
sin x
iu kin: cos x.sin x 0 x
k
, ( k ) . (*)
2
Phng trnh (1) tng ng vi

sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x cos x
+
=
cos x
sin x
cos x sin x
sin 2 x sin x + cos 2 x cos x = sin 2 x cos 2 x
cos x = cos 2 x
cos 2 x + cos x = 0
3x
x
2 cos cos = 0
2
2
3x
3x
k 2
cos 2 = 0
2 = 2 + k
x= +
3
3
cos x = 0
x = + k
x = + k 2
2
2 2
Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l
345
x=
13)
+ k 2 , ( k ) .
1
+
sin x
= 4 sin
x (1)
3
sin x
sin x 0
x k
k
iu kin:
x
; ( k ) . (*)
3
3
sin
x
0
2
x
+
k
2
2

(1) tng ng vi:
1
1
+
= 2 2 ( sin x + cos x )
sin x cos x
( sin x + cos x )
+2 2 =0
sin x cos x
+ sin x + cos x = 0 x =
+ k .
1
2
+ 2 2 = 0 sin 2 x =
sin x cos x
2
x = 8 + k
x = 5 + k
8
+
i chiu vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l

x=
+ k ; x =
+ k ; x =
5
+ k ; ( k ) .
8
14) sin 3 x 3 cos3 x = sin x cos 2 x 3 sin 2 x cos x(1)

+ cos x = 0 : Phng trnh (1) khng tha.
+ cos x 0 x
+ k . Chia hai v ca (1) cho cos3 x 0 ta c phng trnh
tan 3 x 3 = tan x 3 tan 2 x

tan 3 x + 3 tan 2 x tan x 3 = 0
x = 4 + k
tan x = 1
tan x = 1 x = + k ; ( k )
4
tan x = 3
x = + k
3
346
+ k , x =
+ k , x =
+ k , ( k ) .
15) 2sin x (1 + cos 2 x ) + sin 2 x = 1 + 2 cos x(1).

(1) 4sin x cos 2 x + 2sin x cos x 1 2cos x = 0
2 cos x ( 2sin x cos x 1) + ( 2sin x cos x 1) = 0
( sin 2 x 1)( 2 cos x + 1) = 0
x
=
+ k
sin 2 x = 1
; ( k ).
cos x = 1
x = 2 + k
2
3
+ k , x =
2
+ k , ( k ) .
3
x 6 + k 2
1 2sin x ) cos x
(
7
sin x
16)
= 3(1). iu kin:
+ k 2 ; ( k ) . (*)
2 x
6
(1 + 2 sin x )(1 sin x )
sin x 1
x 2 + k 2
(1) (1 2sin x ) cos x = 3 (1 + 2sin x )(1 sin x )
cos x 2sin x cos x = 3 1 + sin x 2sin 2 x
cos x 3 sin x = sin 2 x + 3 cos 2 x

1
3
1
3
cos x
sin x = sin 2 x +
cos 2 x
2
2
2
2
cos x + = cos 2 x
3
6

x + 3 = 2 x 6 + k 2
x + = 2 x + + k 2
3
6
x = 2 k 2
x = + k 2
18
3

x=
18
k 2
, ( k ).
3
347
11 5 x
7 x
3x
VI.7. 1) cos
+ sin
= 2 sin + (1).
2
4
4 2
2 2
(1) cos
cos
5x
5x
x
3x
+ sin sin sin cos cos sin = 2 cos
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
2
2
5x
x
5x
x
3x
sin sin cos cos = 2 cos
2
2
2
2
2
2
x
5x
x
3x
5x
sin sin cos + cos = 2 cos
2
2
2
2
2
2 cos
cos
3x
3x
3x
sin x 2 cos cos x = 2 cos
2
2
2
3x
( sin x cos x 1) = 0
2
3x
cos = 0
sin x cos x = 1
3x
cos
=0
2

sin x 4 = 2
k 2
3x
x = 3 + 3
2 = 2 + k
x = + k 2
x = + k 2
2
4 4
x = + k 2
x = + k 2
4
4
k 2
x = 3 + 3
,(k ).
x = + k 2
2
2)
2 sin x
4
1 + sin 2 x = 1 + tan x (1).

(
)
cos x
iu kin: cos x 0 x
348
+ k ; ( k ) (*).
k 2
; x = + k 2 , ( k ) .
3
2
(1)
cos x sin x
(1 + sin 2 x ) = 1 + tan x
cos x
(1 tan x )(1 + sin 2 x ) = 1 + tan x

sin 2 x sin 2 x tan x 2 tan x = 0
sin x
=0
cos x
sin x cos 2 x cos x sin 2 x sin x = 0
sin x cos x sin 2 x
sin x = 0
sin x cos 2 x sin x cos x 1 = 0 2
cos x sin x cos x = 1
sin x = 0
sin x = 0
2
cos 2 x + =
cos 2 x sin 2 x = 1

4 2
x = k
x = k
, ( k ) , tho iu kin (*).

2 x + = + k 2
x = + k
4 4
2 x + = + k 2
4
4
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k ; x =
+ k , ( k ) .
3) sin 3 x + cos 3 x = cos 2 x ( 2 cos x sin x ) (1).
(1) ( sin x + cos x )(1 sin x cos x ) = cos 2 x sin 2 x ( 2 cos x sin x )
( sin x + cos x ) 1 sin x cos x ( cos x sin x )( 2 cos x sin x ) = 0
( sin x + cos x ) cos x ( 2 sin x cos x ) = 0
x = + k
2 sin x + 4 = 0
sin x + cos x = 0
cos x = 0
x = + k
x = + k
,(k ).
2
2
2sin x cos x = 0
tan x = 1
x = arctan 1 + k

2
2
1
x = + k , x = + k , x = arctan + k , ( k ) .
4
2
2
349
4) 2sin 2 x = 2sin 2 x tan x (1).

4
iu kin: cos x 0 x
+ k , ( k ) (*).
(1) ( sin x cos x ) = 2sin 2 x tan x

cos 2 x sin 2 x 2sin x cos x + tan x = 0 (2).
Chia hai v ca phng trnh (2) cho cos 2 x 0 ta c
(2) 1 tan 2 x 2 tan x + tan x 1 + tan 2 x = 0

tan 3 x tan 2 x tan x + 1 = 0
( tan x 1) tan 2 x 1 = 0
tan x 1 = 0
tan x = 1
2
tan x = 1
tan x 1 = 0
x = 4 + k
, ( k ) , tho iu kin (*).
x = + k
4
5)
1
x 1
x
+ cos 2 = sin 2 (1).
4
3 2
2
x 1
1
+ cos 2 = (1 cos x )
4
3 4
1
x 1 1
+ cos 2 + cos x = 0
4
3 4 4
x 1
x
x
cos 2 + 4 cos3 3cos = 0
3 4
3
3
x
x 3
x
cos3 + cos 2 cos = 0
3
3 4
3
x
x
x
cos 4cos 2 + 4cos 3 = 0

3
3
3
(1)
x
x
cos 3 = 0
cos 3 = 0
4cos 2 x + 4cos x 3 = 0
cos x = 1
3
3
3 2
350
+ k , x =
+ k , ( k ) .
x
3
3 = 2 + k
x=
+ k 3
, ( k ).
2
x = + k 2
x = + k 6
3
3
6)
3 sin + cos x =
3
+ k 3 , x = + k 6 , ( k ) .
2
1
(1).
cos x
iu kin: cos x 0 x
+ k , ( k ) . (*)
(1) 3 sin x cos x + cos 2 x = 1
3
1 + cos 2 x
sin 2 x +
=1
2
2
3
1
1
sin 2 x + cos 2 x =
2
2
2
cos
sin 2 x + sin
cos2 x =
1
2
sin 2 x + =
6 2
x = k
2 x + 6 = 6 + k 2
, ( k ) , tho iu kin (*).

x = + k
2 x + =
+ k 2
3
6
6
Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , x =
+ k , ( k ) .
7) 3 tan 2 x + 4 tan x + 4cot x + 3cot 2 x + 2 = 0 (1).
cos x 0
k
x + k
x
; ( k ) (*).
iu kin:
2
2
sin x 0
x k
Cch 1.
(1) 3 tan 2 x + cot 2 x + 4 ( tan x + cot x ) + 2 = 0

t t = tan x + cot x, iu kin t 2. (1) tr thnh
3(t 2 2) + 4t + 2 = 0 3t 2 + 4t 4 = 0
351
t = 2
2
t =
3
Ta nhn trng hp t = 2. Khi ta c phng trnh
tan x + cot x = 2 tan x = 1 x =
+ k , ( k ) . (Tha iu kin)
+ k , ( k ) .
Cch 2. Ta c vi iu kin (*) th phng trnh (1) tng ng vi

sin 4 x + cos 4 x sin 2 x + cos 2 x
3
+ 4
+2= 0
2
2
sin x cos x sin x cos x
1 2sin 2 x cos 2 x
4
3
+ 2 = 0 (2).
+
2
2
sin x cos x sin x cos x
t t = sin x cos x =
sin 2 x
1
. iu kin: t 0, t . Phng trnh (2) tr thnh
2
2
1 2t 2 4
3 2 + +2=0
t
t
3 1 2t 2 + 4t + 2t 2 = 0
4t 2 + 4t + 3 = 0
3
t = 2
t = 1
2
1
Vi t = , ta c sin 2 x = 1 2 x = + k 2 , ( k )
2
2
x=
+ k , ( k ) .
So vi iu kin (*) th nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

8) sin 2 x tan x + cos 2 x cot x sin 2 x = 1 + tan x + cot x (1)
sin x 0
k
iu kin:
x
, ( k ) (*)
2
cos x 0
Ta c
352
+ k , ( k ) .
(1) tan x 1 sin 2 x + cot x 1 cos 2 x + sin 2 x + 1 = 0

tan x cos 2 x + cot x sin 2 x + 2sin x cos x + 1 = 0
sin x
cos x 2
cos 2 x +
sin x + sin 2 x + 1 = 0
cos x
sin x
sin x cos x + sin x cos x + sin 2 x + 1 = 0
2sin x cos x + sin 2 x + 1 = 0
2sin 2 x = 1
sin 2 x =
1

= sin
2
6
2 x = 6 + k 2
2 x = + + k 2
x
=
+ k
12
, ( k ).
x = 7 + k
12
Tha iu kin (*). Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l
x=
12
+ k ; x =
7
+ k , ( k ) .
12
9) sin 4 2 x + cos4 2 x = (1 + cos2 4 x ) sin 6 x (1)
(1) sin 4 2 x + cos 4 2 x = 2 sin 2 4 x sin 6 x
sin 2 2 x + cos 2 2 x 2sin 2 2 x cos 2 2 x = 2 sin 2 4 x sin 6 x

1 2sin 2 2 x cos 2 2 x + sin 2 4 x sin 6 x = 2sin 6 x
1
sin 2 4 x sin 6 x sin 2 4 x = 2sin 6 x 1
2
1
sin 2 4 x ( 2sin 6 x 1) = 2sin 6 x 1
2
1
( 2sin 6 x 1) sin 2 4 x 1 = 0
2
2sin 6 x 1 = 0
sin
6
x
=
1
1 2
sin 6 x = = sin
2
sin 4 x 1 = 0
2
6
2
sin 4 x = 2(VN )
2
353
6 x = 6 + k 2
x = 36 + 3
,(k ).
6 x = + k 2
x = 5 + k
6
36 3
36
k
5 k
;x =
+
, ( k ).
3
36 3
10) 3 ( 2cos2 x + cos x 2 ) + sin x ( 3 2 cos x ) = 0 (1)

(1) 2 3 cos 2 x + 3 cos x 2 3 + 3sin x 2sin x cos x = 0
2 3 (1 sin 2 x ) + 3 cos x 2 3 + 3sin x 2 sin x cos x = 0
2 3 2 3 sin 2 x + 3 cos x 2 3 + 3sin x 2 sin x cos x = 0
2 3 sin 2 x + 3 cos x + 3sin x 2sin x cos x = 0

3 sin x
3 2sin x + cos x
3 2sin x
)(
3 2sin x = 0
3 sin x + cos x = 0
3
sin x =
3 2sin x = 0
2
3
1
3 sin x + cos x = 0
sin x + cos x = 0
2
2
sin x = sin 3
sin sin x + cos cos x = 0
3
3
x
=
+
k
2
x
=
+ k 2
x = + k 2 x =
+ k 2
3
3
3
3
cos x = 0
x = + k
3
3 2
x = 3 + k 2 x = 3 + k 2
, ( k ).
x = 5 + k
6
+ k 2 ; x =
11) tan x tan x + sin 3x = sin x + sin 2 x (1)

6
6
354
2
5
+ k 2 ; x =
+ k , ( k ) .
3
6
x 3 + k
iu kin:
, (k ).
x 2 + k
1
1
tanx
tanx +
3
3
(1)
.
.sin3x = sinx +sin2x
tanx tanx
1+
1
3
3
2 1
tan x
3tan 2 x 1)
(
3
.sin 3 x = sin x + sin 2 x

sin 3 x = sin x + sin 2 x
tan 2 x
3 tan 2 x )
(
1
tan x (tan 2 x 3)
do
tan3
x
=
3tan 2 x 1
tan x
sin 3 x = sinx +sin2x
tan 3x
tan x cos 3 x = sinx +sin2x

sinx
cos 3x = sinx +sin2x

cos x
sinx cos x + sin2x cos x + sin x cos 3 x = 0
sinx (cos x + 2cos 2 x + cos 3x ) = 0
sinx (4cos 3 x + 2cos 2 x 2 cos x ) = 0
sin2x (2cos 2 x + cos x 1) = 0
k
x = 2
sin 2 x = 0
x=
2
cos x = 1 x = + k 2
, (k ).
x = + k 2
3
x = + k 2
cos x =
2
3
So snh vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
k
, (k ).
2
12) (1 tan x )(1 + sin 2 x ) = cos x + sin x (1)

iu kin: cos x 0 x
+ k , ( k ) . (*)
sin x
sin x
(1) 1
(1 + sin 2 x ) = 1 +
cos x
cos x
( cos x sin x )(1 + sin 2 x ) = cos x + sin x
2
( cos x sin x )( cos x + sin x ) = cos x + sin x
355
( cos x + sin x ) ( cos x sin x )( cos x + sin x ) 1 = 0

( cos x + sin x )( cos 2 x 1) = 0
sin x + = 0
x = + k
,(k ).
4
4

x = k
cos 2 x = 1
Tha iu kin (*). Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =
13)
+ k ; x = k , ( k ) .
sin 2 x cos 2 x
= tan x cot x (1)

cos x
sin x
iu kin: sin x cos x 0 x
k
, ( k ) . (*)
2
sin 2 x sin x cos 2 x cos x sin x cos x

=
sin x cos x
cos x sin x
cos 3 x
cos 2 x sin 2 x
=
sin x cos x
sin x cos x
cos 3x = cos 2 x
(1)
3 x = 2 x + k 2
3 x = 2 x + k 2
x = 2k
,(k )
x = k 2
5

k 2
x=
; k = 5m + r , m , r {1; 2;3; 4}.
5
3x
5x
x
cos = 2 cos (1)
2
2 4
2 4
14) sin
Ta c, phng trnh (1) tng ng vi
x
3x
5x
sin cos cos + sin sin = 2 cos
4
2
4
2
2
2 4
x
2
x
3x
5x 2
sin
cos +
sin = 2 cos
2 2
2
2
2 4 2
2
x
x
3x
5x
sin
cos + sin = 2 cos
2
2
2
2 4 2
2
3x
5x
x
sin
2 sin + = 2 cos
2
2 4 2
2 4
356
3x
5x
x
sin sin + = 2 cos
2
2 4
2 4
2 cos
cos
3x
3x
sin x = 2 cos
2
4
2
3x
2sin x 2 = 0
2
4
3x
2 = 2 + k
3x
cos 2 = 0

x = + k 2
4 4

sin x 4 = 2 = sin 4

x = 3 + k 2
4
4
k 2
x = 3 + 3
k 2
x= +
3
3 , k .
x = + k 2
(
)
x = + k 2
x = + k 2
k 2
; x = + k , ( k ) .
3
2
15) 2 cos 2 x + 2 3 sin x cos x + 1 = 3(sin x + 3 cos x) (1)
(
(
(
3cos 2 x + 2 3 sin x cos x + sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 2 x + 1 = 3
3 cos x + sin x
) ( 3 cos x + sin x ) = 0
3 cos x + sin x )( 3 cos x + sin x 3) = 0
3 cos x + sin x 3
3 cos x + sin x = 0
3
1
cos x + sin x = 0
2
2
3 cos x + sin x = 3 (VN )
sin( x + ) = 0 x + = k x = + k , ( k ) .
3
3
3
+ k , ( k ) .
VI.8.1) tan 2 x + cot 2 x + m(tan x + cot x) + 2m = 0(1)

iu kin: x
k
, (k ).
2
(1) (tan x + cot x) 2 + m(tan x + cot x ) + 2m 2 = 0

357
t t = tan x + cot x. iu kin: t 2.
Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh t 2 + mt + 2m 2 = 0(2) m =
t 2 + 2
, ( t 2)
t+2
(V t = 2 khng l nghim ca phng trnh (2))

Bi ton tr thnh: Tm m phng trnh (2) c nghim thuc ( ; 2] [ 2; + ) ".
t 2 + 2
Xt f (t ) =
, ( t 2)
t+2
f (t ) =
t = 2 + 2
t 2 4t 2
f (t ) = 0
2
(t + 2)
t = 2 2
Bng bin thin
1
Da vo bng bin thin, ta suy ra gi tr m cn tm l m 2(2 + 2) m .
2
2) m ( sin x + cos x ) + s in2x + m 1 = 0 (1)
t t = sin x + cos x = 2 sin x + . iu kin: t 2.

4
Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh t 2 + mt + m 2 = 0 (2)

Xt f (t ) = t 2 + m t + m 2
Phng trnh (1) c nghim khi v ch khi phng trnh (2) c nghim t 2; 2 .
T phng trnh (2) ta c
= m 2 4 ( m 2 ) = m 2 4m + 8 > 0, m
2
f 2 . f 2 = 1 2 m 1 + 2 m = m 0, m .
) ( ) (
) (
Suy ra phng trnh f (t ) = 0 lun c hai nghim phn bit v c t nht mt nghim
t 2; 2 .
Vy, vi m i m th phng trnh cho lun c nghim.
3) 6(cos x sin x) + sin 2 x = m(1)
6(cos x sin x) (cos x sin x) 2 + 1 = m
358
t t = cos x sin x. iu kin: t 2
Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh t 2 + 6t + 1 = m(2)

Phng trnh (1) c nghim khi v ch khi phng trnh (2) c nghim t tha t 2.
Xt f (t ) = t 2 + 6t + 1 f ' (t ) = 2t + 6
f ' (t ) = 0 t = 3 . Ta c bng bin thin
T bng bin thin, suy ra (1) c nghim khi v ch khi 6 2 1 m 6 2 1.

Vy, phng trnh cho c nghim khi m 6 2 1; 6 2 1 .
VI.9. cos 2 x 2m cos x + 4 ( m 1) = 0.(1)
t t = cos x, iu kin: t 1. (1) tr thnh
t 2 2mt + 4 ( m 1) = 0
t = 2
t = 2 ( m 1)
Do t 1 nn ta ch xt trng hp t = 2 ( m 1) .
(1) c nghim tha
< x<
3
khi v ch khi 0 < 2 ( m 1) 1 1 < m .
2
2
VI.10. sin 2 x + 2sin x cos x 2 cos 2 x = m(1).
Xt x =
+ k , ( k )
(1) tr thnh 1 = m.
+ Khi m = 1
(1) sin 2 x + 2sin x cos x 2cos 2 x = 1 2sin x cos x 3cos 2 x = 0
cos x ( 2sin x 3cos x ) = 0
cos x = 0
x = 2 + k
tan x = 3
x = + k , tan = 3 , < <
2
2 2
2
359
+ Khi m 1 cos x 0. Chia hai v ca (1) cho cos 2 x 0, ta c

tan 2 x + 2 tan x 2 = m (1 + tan 2 x )
( m 1) tan 2 x 2 tan x + m + 2 = 0
Nu = m2 m + 2 0
1 13
1 + 13
m
2
2
th phng trnh (1) c nghim l
1 + m2 m + 3
1 + m2 m + 3
x = arctan
+ k
tan x =
m 1
;(k ).
1 m2 m + 3
1 m2 m + 3
tan x =
+ k
x = arctan
m 1
m
1
Nu = m 2 m + 2 < 0 m <
1 13
1 + 13
m>
2
2
th phng trnh (1) v nghim.

Kt lun:
+ Nu
1 13
1 + 13
m
, nghim ca phng trnh cho l
2
2
1 + m2 m + 3
x = arctan
+ k
m 1
;(k ).
1 m2 m + 3
+ k
x = arctan
m 1
+ Nu m <
1 13
1 + 13
m>
, th phng trnh cho v nghim.
2
2
VI.11. m cos 2 2 x 2sin 2 x + m 2 = 0 (1)

t t = sin 2 x. Ta c vi 0 < x <
th t = sin 2 x ( 0;1) .
Phng trnh (1) tr thnh m(1 t 2 ) 2t + m 2 = 0 m(2 t 2 ) 2t 2 = 0 m =
2t + 2
.
2 t2
2 t 2 + 2t + 2
2t + 2
Xt hm s f (t ) =
, f (t ) =
> 0, t ( 0;1) .
2
2 t2
2 t2
Hm s f (t ) ng bin trong khong ( 0;1) . Lp bng bin thin ca hm s f (t ) trong

khong ( 0;1) ta tm c gi tr ca tham s m l 1 < m < 4.
360
TI LIU THAM KHO

ng Hng Thng. 1998. Phng trnh, bt phng trnh v h phng trnh. H Ni:
NXB Gio dc.

on Qunh (Tng ch bin) Nguyn Huy oan (Ch bin) Nguyn Xun Lim
ng Hng Thng Trn Vn Vung. 2008. i s 10 (Nng cao). H Ni: NXB
Gio dc.
on Qunh (Tng ch bin) Nguyn Huy oan (Ch bin) Nguyn Xun Lim
Nguyn Khc Minh ng Hng Thng. 2008. i s v Gii tch 11 (Nng
cao). H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
on Qunh (Tng ch bin) Nguyn Huy oan (Ch bin) Trn Phng Dung
Nguyn Xun Lim ng Hng Thng). 2008. Gii tch 12 (Nng cao). H Ni:
NXB Gio dc.
Hong Huy Sn. 2009. i s s cp. i hc An Giang. Lu hnh n i b.

Hong K. 1999. i s s cp. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Hong K. 2007. Gio trnh cn s v ton v t. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Nguyn Thi He. 2001. Dng n ph gii ton. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Nguyn Vn Mu. 2001. Phng php gii phng trnh v bt phng trnh. H Ni:
NXB Gio dc.
Phan c Chnh. 1999. Bt ng thc. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Phan c Chnh Nguyn Dng Thy T Mn o Tam L Thng Nht. 1996.
Cc bi ging luyn thi mn Ton Tp 2. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Phan Huy Khi. 2001. Phng php th bin lun h phng trnh cha tham s.
H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
Trn Phng. 1995. Phng php mi gii thi tuyn sinh mn Ton. H N i: NXB
Gio dc.
Tuyn tp cc thi tuyn sinh vo i hc, Cao ng ton quc t nm 2002 2003 n
2008 2009.
Tp ch Ton hc v Tui tr. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
.., ..,1978.
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Thun, dch. H Ni: NXB Gio dc.
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CHNG VI.

PHNG TRNH LNG GIC

Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l

4) 2cos 2 x + 4cos x = 3sin 2 x

5) cos x sin x + 3sin 2 x 1 = 0

t t = cos x sin x = 2 cos x + , iu kin: t 2.

sin 2 x = 1 t 2 . Phng trnh cho tr thnh

6) 2sin 2 x 3 3 ( sin x + cos x ) + 3 3 = 0

t t = sin x + cos x = 2 sin x + , iu kin: t 2.

Khi t 2 = 1 + 2sin x cos x sin x cos x =

Phng trnh (1) tr thnh 2 t 2 1 3 3 t + 3 3 = 0

7) sin 2 x + 2 sin x = 1 2sin x cos x + sin x cos x = 1(1)

t t = sin x cos x = 2 sin x , iu kin: t 2.

Suy ra t 2 = 1 2sin x cos x = 1 s in2x s in2x = 1 t 2

iu kin: 1 sin 2 x 0 s in2x 1 x

10) sin 3 x cos 3 x = 1 + sin x cos x

VI.2.1) sin 3x = 2cos 2 x 1

3sin x 4sin 3 x = 1 2sin 2 x

( sin x 1) 4sin 2 x + 2sin x 1 = 0

Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l

( cos x + sin x ) ( cos x sin x )( cos x + sin x ) = 0

( cos x + sin x ) 1 cos 2 x + sin 2 x = 0

cos 2 x ( cos 2 x + sin 2 x ) = 1 sin 2 x

cos 2 2 x + cos 2 x sin 2 x + sin 2 x 1 = 0

Kt hp vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l

4) tan 3 x tan x = s in2x (1)

sin 2 x = sin 2 x cos 3 x cos x

5) ( sin x sin 2 x )( sin x + sin 2 x ) = sin 2 3 x

1 cos 2 x 1 cos 4 x 1 cos 6 x

cos 2 x + cos 4 x + cos 6 x 1 = 0

cos 2 x + 2cos 2 2 x 1 + 4 cos3 2 x 3cos 2 x 1 = 0

6) sin x + sin 3 x + 4cos 3 x = 0

7) sin 2 x = 1 + 2 cos x + cos 2 x

8) 2cos 6 x + sin 4 x + cos 2 x = 0. Dng cng thc h bc ta a phng trnh cho v

+ k . Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

9) 2 cos 2 3x cos 2 x cos 2 3 x + sin 2 x 1 = 0

Ta thy x = + k 2 , ( k ) khng l nghim ca phng trnh (1).

So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

2) sin 2 x + cos2 x + tan x = 2(1)

t t = tanx th phng trnh (1) tr thnh

So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

+ k , k . Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh

cos 4x 3cos 2 x 1 tan 2 x + 2 = 0

So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x = k , x =

Kt hp vi iu kin 0 < x < ta c iu kin: x

t t = tan x th phng trnh (1) tr thnh

Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

Vi iu kin < x <

Kt hp vi iu kin < x <

6) cos3 x sin x sin 3 x cos x =

(1) cos x sin x(cos 2 x sin 2 x ) =

Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

7) sin 2 3 x cos 2 4 x = sin 2 5 x cos 2 6 x(1)

cos x sin x sin 8 x + sin10 x = 0

cos x sin x ( sin 9 x cos x ) = 0

Vy, nghim ca phng trnh cho l x =

8) cos 3x 4 cos 2 x + 3cos x 4 = 0, x [ 0;14]

(1) 4 cos3 x 3cos x 4 2cos 2 x 1 + 3cos x 4 = 0

(1) 2 cos x cos 2 x 8cos 2 x + 7 cos x = 1

2 cos x 2 cos 2 x 1 8cos 2 x + 7 cos x 1 = 0

Cc gi tr ny u tha iu kin (*)

sin x + 2sin x sin 2 x + cos 3x + sin 3 x

sin x + cos x + sin 3 x