BÁO CÁO THÍ NGHIỆM XỬ LÝ SỐ TÍN HIỆU bách khoa hà nội bkhn

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu
Thin Trang_TVT10-K55
ng
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI

VIN IN T - VIN THNG
----------
BO CO TH NGHIM
X L S TN HIU
H tn sinh vin: NG THIN TRANG

Mssv: 20102350
Lp: in t vin thng 10 K55
M lp th nghim: 625106

ng
H Ni, 9/2013
BI 1. M phng h thng v tn hiu ri rc bng

MATLAB
A. Tn hiu v h thng ri rc min n
1.1. Vit chng trnh con to mt dy thc ngu nhin xut pht t n1 n n2
v c gi tr ca bin theo phn b Gauss vi trung bnh bng 0, phng sai
bng 1. Yu cu chng trnh con c cc tham s u vo v u ra c nhp
theo cu lnh vi c php:
[x,n] = randnseq(n1,n2);
in cc cu lnh vo phn trng di y:
function [x,n] = randnseq(n1,n2)
n = [n1:n2];
x = randn (size(n));
1.2. Vit chng trnh to hm nng lng ca mt dy. Yu cu chng trnh

con c cc tham s u vo v u ra c nhp theo cu lnh vi c php:
Ex = energy(x,n);
function Ex = energy(x,n)
n = [n1,n2];
Ex = sum(abs(x).^2)
1.3. Cho x ( n )={ 1,2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 6,5, 4, 3, 2,1 }2 n 10 Vit chng
trnh th hin trn th cc dy sau y:

a . x1 ( n )=2 x ( n5 ) 3 x(n+4)

b . x2 ( n )=x ( 3n )x ( n ) x ( n2)

n = [-2,10];
x = [1:7,6:-1:1];
% ve tin hieu x1[n]
[x11, n11] = sigshift(x, n, 5);
[x12, n12] = sigshift(x, n, -4);
[x1, n1] = sigadd(2 * x11, n11, -3 * x12, n12);
subplot(2,1,1);
stem(n1, x1);
title('Day so theo dau bai 1.3a');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x1(n)');
% ve tin hieu x2[n]
[xt, nt] = sigfold(x, n);
[x21, n21] = sigshift(xt, nt, 3);
[xt, nt] = sigshift(x, n, 2);
[x22, n22] = sigmult(x , n, xt , nt);
[x2, n2] = sigadd(x21, n21, -x22, n22);
subplot(2,1,2);
stem(n2, x2);
title('Day so theo dau bai 1.3b');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('x2(n)');
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V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:
1.4. Cho h thng c m t bi phng trnh sai phn tuyn tnh h s hng
nh sau:
y ( n ) y ( n1 )+ 0.9 y ( n2 )=x (n)
S dng hm filter ca MATLAB, vit chng trnh thc hin cc cng vic
sau:
a. Biu din bng th hm p ng xung n v ca h thng vi -20 n 100
b. Biu din bng th dy p ng ca h thng vi -20 n 100 khi dy u
vo l dy nhy n v.
n = -20:100;
b = 1;
a = [1, -1, 0.9];
% dap ung xung
x1 = impseq(0, -20, 100);
h = filter(b, a, x1);
subplot(2, 1, 1);
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stem(n , h);
title('Dap ung xung');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('h(n)');
% dap ung nhay
x2 = stepseq(0, -20, 100);
s = filter(b, a, x2);
subplot(2, 1, 2);
stem(n, s);
title('Dap ung nhay');
xlabel('n');
ylabel('s(n)');
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B. Tn hiu v h thng ri rc min Z, min tn s lin tc , v

min tn s ri rc k
n
1.5. Cho dy x ( n )=0,5 u(n)
a. Da trn nh ngha ca bin i Z, tm bin i Z ca dy trn

b. Kim chng li kt qu cu a bng hm ztrans
c. T kt qu trn, tm bin i Fourier ca x(n)
Dng MATLAB th hin trn th ph
X (e j )
ti 501 im ri rc trong
khong [0,]
w = [0:1:500]*pi/500;
X = exp(j*w) ./ (exp(j*w)- 0.5*ones(1,501));
magX = abs(X); angX = angle(X);
realX = real(X); imagX = imag(X);
%
subplot(2,2,1); plot(w/pi,magX); grid;
title('Magnitude Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Magnitude');
subplot(2,2,3); plot(w/pi,angX); grid;
title('Angle Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Radians');
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi,realX); grid;
title('Real Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Real');
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi,imagX); grid;
title('Imaginary Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Imaginary');

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1.6. Cho dy x(n) c dng nh sau:

x ( n )={ , 0, 0,1, 2,3, 4,5, 0, 0, }
y l mt dy s xc nh trong mt khong hu hn t -1 n 3.
Da trn cng thc nh ngha ca bin i Fourier, vit chng trnh tnh v th
hin ph ca dy x(n) ti 501 im ri rc trong khong [0,].
Cho dy x ( n )=rect 7 ( n)
n = -1:3; x = 1:5;
w = [0:1:500]*pi/500;
% x(n) = rect7(n);
X = (1 - exp(-7j * w)) ./ (1 - exp(-j*w));
magX = abs(X); angX = angle(X);
realX = real(X); imagX = imag(X);
%
subplot(2,2,1); plot(w / pi,magX); grid;
title('Magnitude Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
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subplot(2,2,3); plot(w / pi,angX); grid;
title('Angle Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Radians');
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w / pi,realX); grid;
title('Real Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Real');
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w / pi,imagX); grid;
title('Imaginary Part'); xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Imaginary');
1.7. Mt hm min Z c cho vi cng thc sau y:

X ( z )=
z
3 z 4 z +1
2
1
Hm s X(z) c th vit di dng t s ca hai a thc theo z
nh sau
X (Z )=
z
z 1
0+ z1
=
=
2
1
2
1
2
3 z 4 z+1 34 z + z
34 z + z
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a. S dng lnh residuez ca MATLAB, tnh cc im cc, thng d ti cc

im
cc.
b. T kt qu cu trn, vit cng thc khai trin X(z) thnh tng cc phn thc
n gin, t tm bin i Z ngc ca X(z), cho bit x(n) l mt dy nhn
qu.
c. Kim chng li kt qu cu b bng hm iztrans
b = [0 1]; a = [3 -4 1];
[R,p,C] = residuez(b,a)
%
[b a] = residuez(R,p,C)
1.8. Cho hm X(z) vi cng thc nh sau:

X ( z )=
1
2
( 10,9 z1) (1+ 0,9 z 1 )
a. Vit chng trnh tnh cc im cc, thng d ca cc im cc ca hm X(z)

trn (gi : c th dng hm poly ca MATLAB khi phc li a thc mu s
t mt mng cc nghim ca a thc - mng cc im cc ca X(z))
b. T kt qu cu trn, vit cng thc khai trin X(z) thnh tng cc phn thc
n gin, t tm bin i Z ngc ca X(z) trn min
|z|>0,9

b = [1]
a = poly([0.9 0.9 -0.9])
[R,p,C] = residuez(b,a)
%
[b a] = residuez(R,p,C)
1.9. Cho h thng nhn qu biu din bi phng trnh sau:

y ( n )0,9 y ( n1 ) =x (n)

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a. Tm hm truyn t ca h thng
Sau thc hin cc cng vic sau:
b. Dng lnh zplane ca MATLAB biu din trn th mt phng Z s phn
b cc im cc v im khng
j
c. Tnh v biu din trn th hm p ng tn s H (e ) ca h thng (bao
gm p ng bin - tn s v p ng pha - tn s) ti 200 im ri rc trn

ng trn n v
b = [1 0]; a = [1 -0.9];
% Tim phan bo diem cuc va diem khong
subplot(1,2,1);
zplane(b,a);
title('Z plane');
% Tim dap ung tan so bang cach danh gia 200 diem roi rac
% cua H(z) tren duong tron don vi
[H, w] = freqz(b,a,200,'whole');
magH = abs(H(1:101)); phaH= angle(H(1:101));
% Ve dap ung tan so
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w(1:101)/pi,magH); grid;
title('Magnitude Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units');
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w(1:101)/pi,phaH/pi); grid;
title('Phase Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units');
ylabel('Phase in pi units');
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1.10. To cc hm thc hin vic bin i Fourier ri rc thun (t tn l hm

dft) v Fourier ri rc ngc (t tn l hm idft). Da trn cc hm dft c
xy dng trn, tm bin i Fourier ri rc ca dy c chiu di N=20:
x ( n )= 10 n 4
0 n cn li
L = 5; N = 20;
n = [0:N-1];
xn = [ones(1,L), zeros(1,N-L)];
k = n;
Xk = dft(xn,N);
magXk = abs(Xk);
%
subplot(2,1,1); stem(n,xn);
axis([min(n),max(n)+1,-0.5,1.5]);
title('Sequence x(n)');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('x(n)');
subplot(2,1,2); stem(k,magXk);
axis([min(k),max(k)+1,-0.5,5.5]);
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title('DFT of SQ. wave: L=5, N=20');

xlabel('k'); ylabel('X(k)');
*********
BI 2. Thit k b lc s bng MATLAB

A. Thit k b lc c p ng xung chiu di hu hn (b lc s
FIR)
tng hp mt b lc FIR, cc tham s u vo c cho vi cc k hiu nh
sau
- Tn s ct di thng p
- Tn s ct di thng s
- B rng di qu
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- gn sng di thng 1
- gn sng di chn 2
Ngoi ra cc tham s c cho theo n v decibel nh sau:
- gn sng di thng v suy gim di chn theo dB, c tnh bng
cng thc:
R p=20 log
1 1
[ dB ]
1+ 1
A s =20 log
2
[ dB ]
1+ 1
Cc bc thc hnh
2.1. To cc hm th hin ln ca p ng tn s cc b lc FIR loi 1 t
dy p ng xung ca chng theo chng trnh mu bng cch g cc dng lnh
cho bng di y vo ca s son tho (Editor) v ghi li theo tn tp l
Hr_Type1.m:
Hm ln ca p ng tn s b lc FIR loi 1:
function [Hr,w,a,L] = Hr_Type1(h)
% Tinh ham do lon cua dap ung tan so Hr(w)
% bo loc FIR loai 1
% --------------------------------------------------% [Hr,w,a,L] = Hr_Type1(h)
% Hr = Do lon
% w = Vector tan so trong khoang [0 pi]
% a = Cac he so cua bo loc FIR loai 1
% L = Bac cua bo loc
% h = Dap ung xung cua bo loc FIR loai 1
%
M = length(h);
L = (M-1)/2;
a = [h(L+1) 2*h(L:-1:1)];
n = [0:1:L];
w = [0:1:500]'*pi/500;
Hr = cos(w*n)*a';
2.2. Vit chng trnh tnh hm ln ca p ng tn sblc FIR loi 2, FIR

loi 3 v b lc FIR loi 4 vi cc tham s u vo v u ra c nhp theo cc
cu lnh:
>> [Hr,w,b,L] = Hr_Type2(h) -> cho b lc FIR loi 2
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function [Hr,w,b,L] = Hr_Type2(h)
% bo loc FIR loai 2
% --------------------------------------------------% [Hr,w,b,L] = Hr_Type2(h)
% Hr = Do lon
% b = Cac he so cua bo loc FIR loai 2
%
M = length(h);
L = M/2;
b = 2*h(L:-1:1);
n = [1:1:L]; n = n-0.5;
w = [0:1:500]'*pi/500;
Hr = cos(w*n)*b';
>> [Hr,w,c,L] = Hr_Type3(h) -> cho b lc FIR loi 3

function [Hr,w,c,L] = Hr_Type3(h)
% bo loc FIR loai 3
% --------------------------------------------------% [Hr,w,c,L] = Hr_Type3(h)
% Hr = Do lon
%
M = length(h);
L = (M-1)/2;
c = 2*h(L:-1:1);
n = [1:1:L];
w = [0:1:500]'*pi/500;
Hr = sin(w*n)*c';
>> [Hr,w,d,L] = Hr_Type4(h) -> cho b lc FIR loi 4

function [Hr,w,d,L] = Hr_Type4(h)
% bo loc FIR loai 4
% --------------------------------------------------% [Hr,w,d,L] = Hr_Type4(h)
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% Hr = Do lon
% w = Vector tan so tron khoang [0 pi]
%
M = length(h);
L = M/2;
d = 2*h(L:-1:1);
n = [1:1:L]; n = n-0.5;
w = [0:1:500]'*pi/500;
Hr = sin(w*n)*d';
2.3. Cho b lc FIR vi p ng xung nh sau:

h ( n )= {4,1,1,2,5,6,5,2,1,1,4 }
a. Xc nh loi ca b lc.
Tnh v biu din trn th:
b. Dy p ng xung ca b lc
c. Cc h s ca b lc
d. Hm ln ca p ng tn s
e. Phn b im cc v im khng
h = [-4,1,-1,-2,5,6,5,-2,-1,1,-4];
M = length(h); n =0:M-1;
[Hr,w,a,L] = Hr_Type1(h);
a, L
amax = max(a)+1; amin = min(a)-1;
%
subplot(2,2,1); stem(n,h);
axis([-1,2*L+1,amin,amax]);
title('Impulse Response');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('h(n)');
%
subplot(2,2,3); stem(0:L,a);
title('a(n) coefficients');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('a(n)');
%
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi,Hr); grid;
title('Type-1 Amplitude Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Hr');
%
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subplot(2,2,4); zplane(h,1);
2.4. Cho b lc FIR vi p ng xung nh sau:

h ( n )= {4,1,1,2,5,6,6,5,2,1,1,4 }
a. Xc nh loi ca b lc.
b. Dy p ng xung ca b lc
c. Cc h s ca b lc
d. Hm ln ca p ng tn s
e. Phn b im cc v im khng
h = [-4,1,-1,-2,5,6,-6,-5,2,1,-1,4];
M = length(h); n =0:M-1;
[Hr,w,d,L] = Hr_Type4(h);
d, L
amax = max(d)+1; amin = min(d)-1;
%
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%
subplot(2,2,3); stem(1:L,d);
title('d(n) coefficients');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('d(n)');
%
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi,Hr); grid;
title('Type-1 Amplitude Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Hr');
%
subplot(2,2,4); zplane(h,1);
2.5. Thit k b lc thng thp theo phng php ca s vi cc tham s u

vo nh sau:
p =0,2
s=0,3 ,
R p=0,25 dB
A s =50 dB

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a.
b.
c.
d.
Dy p ng xung ca b lc l tng
Dy hm ca s Hamming
Hm ln tuyt i ca p ng tn s
Hm ln tng i tnh theo dB ca p ng tn s

wp = 0.2*pi; ws =0.3*pi;
tr_width = ws - wp;
M = ceil(6.6*pi/tr_width) + 1
n = [0:1:M-1];
wc = (ws+wp)/2;
hd = ideal_lp(wc,M);
w_ham = (hamming(M))';
h = hd .* w_ham;
[db,mag,pha,grd,w] = freqz_m(h,[1]);
delta_w = 2*pi/1000;
Rp = -(min(db(1:1:wp/delta_w+1)))
As = -round(max(db(ws/delta_w+1:1:501)))
%plot
subplot(2,2,1); stem(n,hd);
axis([0,M-1,-0.1,0.3]);
title('Ideal Impulse Response');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('hd(n)');
%
subplot(2,2,2); stem(n,w_ham);
axis([0,M-1,0,1.1]);
title('Hamming Window');
xlabel('n'); ylabel('w(n)');
%
axis([0,M-1,-0.1,0.3]);
title('Actual Impulse Response');
%
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi,db); grid;
axis([0,1,-100,10]);
title('Magnitude Response in dB');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Decibels');
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2.6. Thit k b lc thng thp theo phng php ly mu tn s vi cc tham

s u vo nh sau:
p =0,2
,
R p=0,25 dB
s=0,3 ,
A s =50 dB
Gi s rng ta chn p ng xung c chiu di 60 tng ng vi ly 60 mu

tn s trong khong [0,2). Di thng c rng l 0,2 tng ng vi 7 mu
nhn gi tr 1.
Gi s tip rng qu trnh ti u ho ch ra nn chn di chuyn tip 2 mu nhn
cc gi tr T1 = 0,5925 v T2 = 0,1099. Vy dy mu cc tn s c cho nh
sau:
h ( n )= 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,T 1 ,T 2 ,0,
, 0 T , T 1 , 1,1,1,1,1,1,1
43mu 0

a. Dy cc mu tn s
b. Dy p ng xung ca blc thc t
c. Hm ln tuyt i ca p ng tn s
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d. Hm ln tng i tnh theo dB ca p ng tn s

M = 60; alpha = (M-1)/2; l = 0:M-1; wl = (2*pi/M)*l;
Hrs =
[ones(1,7),0.5925,0.1099,zeros(1,43),0.1099,0.5925,ones(1,6)]
;
% Day dap ung tan so mau ly tuong
Hdr = [1,1,0,0]; wdl = [0,0.2,0.3,1];
% Dap ung tan so ly tuong de bieu dien do thi
k1 = 0:floor((M-1)/2); k2 = floor((M-1)/2)+1:M-1;
angH = [-alpha*(2*pi)/M*k1, alpha*(2*pi)/M*(M-k2)];
H = Hrs.*exp(j*angH);
h = real(ifft(H,M));
[db,mag,pha,grd,w] = freqz_m(h,1);
[Hr,ww,a,L] = Hr_Type2(h);
%plot
subplot(2,2,1); plot(wl(1:31)/pi,Hrs(1:31),'o',wdl,Hdr);
axis([0,1,-0.1,1.1]);
title('Frequency Samples: M=40, T2 = 0.5925, T1 = 0.1099');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Hr(k)');
%
subplot(2,2,2); stem(l,h);
axis([-1,M,-0.1,0.3]);
%
subplot(2,2,3); plot(ww/pi,Hr,wl(1:31)/pi,Hrs(1:31),'o');
axis([0,1,-0.2,1.2]);
title('Amplitude Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Hr(w)');
%
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi,db);
axis([0,1,-100,10]); grid
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2.7. Thit k b lc thng thp theo phng php lp (thut ton ca Parks v
McClellan) vi cc tham s u vo nh sau:
p =0,2 ,
R p=0,25 dB
s=0,3 ,
A s =50 dB
Trc tin xut pht t di ca dy p ng M theo cng thc

M=
20 log 1 213
14,6 f
, vi
f=
s p
2
Lp cng vic tm b lc ti u theo ngha Chebyshev (dng lnh firpm) v tng

M sau mi ln lp tm ra b lc tho mn yu cu thit k, sau tnh v biu
din trn th:
a. Dy p ng xung ca b lc thc t
b. Hm ln tuyt i ca p ng tn s
c. Hm ln tng i tnh theo dB ca p ng tn s
d. Hm sai s E()
wp = 0.2*pi; ws =0.3*pi; Rp = 0.25; As = 50;
delta_w = 2*pi/1000;
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wsi = ws/delta_w+1;
delta1 = (10^(Rp/20)-1)/(10^(Rp/20)+1);
delta2 = (1+delta1)*(10^(-As/20));
deltaH = max(delta1,delta2);
deltaL = min(delta1,delta2);
weights = [delta2/delta1 1];
deltaf = (ws-wp)/(2*pi);
M = ceil((-20*log10(sqrt(delta1*delta2))-13)/(14.6*deltaf)+1)
f = [0 wp/pi ws/pi 1];
m = [1 1 0 0];
h = firpm(M-1,f,m,weights);
Asd = -max(db(wsi:1:501))
while Asd<As
M = M+1
[h,ERR,RES] = firpm(M-1,f,m,weights);
Asd = -max(db(wsi:1:501))
end
%plot
n = [0:1:M-1];
axis([0,M-1,-0.1,0.3]);
%
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi,db); grid;
axis([0,1,-80,10]);
title('Magnitude Response in dB');
%
subplot(2,2,3); plot(w/pi,mag); grid;
axis([0,1,-0.2,1.2]);
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Hr(w)');
%
subplot(2,2,4); plot(RES.fgrid,RES.error); grid;
axis([0,1,-0.0150,0.0150]);
title('Error Response');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Er(w)');
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B. Thit k b lc c p ng xung chiu di v hn (b lc s

IIR)
Cc bc thc hnh
2.8. Thit k b lc thng thp tng t, nh dng Chebyshev-I, ca s vi cc
tham s u vo nh sau:
p =0,2 ,
R p=1 dB
s=0,3 ,
A s =16 dB
Vit chng trnh tnh v biu din trn th:

a. ln ca p ng tn s
b. Hm p ng pha ca b lc
d. Hm p ng xung ca b lc tng t
% Chi tieu ky thuat cua bo loc tuong tu: Chebyshev-I
wp =0.2*pi; % digital Passband freq in Hz
ws =0.3*pi; % digital Stopband freq in Hz
Rp = 1; % Passband ripple in dB
As = 15; % Stopband attenuation in dB
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% Tinh toan bo loc tuong tu:
[b,a] = afd_chb1(wp,ws,Rp,As)
%
[db,mag,pha,w] = freqs_m(b,a,pi/2);
[h,x,t] = impulse(b,a)
%plot
figure(37); clf;
%
subplot(2,2,1); plot(w/pi,mag);
axis([0,0.5,0,1.2]); grid
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('|Hr(w)|');
%
axis([0,0.5,-30,10]); grid
%
subplot(2,2,2); plot(w/pi,pha/pi);
axis([0,0.5,-1,1]); grid
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Angle(Hr(w))');
%
subplot(2,2,4); plot(h);
axis([0,100,-0.1,0.3]); grid
xlabel('time in seconds'); ylabel('h(t)');
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2.9. Chuyn i b lc vi cc tham s cho phn 2.8 sang b lc s bng

phng php bin i song tuyn. Hm bilinear cho php thc hin vic chuyn
i ny.
a. ln ca p ng tn s
d. Tr nhm theo tn s.

% Chi tieu ky thuat cua bo loc so:
% Chi tieu ky thuat cua bo loc tuong tu: Anh xa nguoc
25

T = 1; Fs =1/T; % Dat T=1
OmegaP = (2/T)*tan(wp/2);
OmegaS = (2/T)*tan(ws/2);
[cs, ds] = afd_chb1(OmegaP,OmegaS,Rp,As);
% Bien doi song tuyen:
[b,a] = bilinear(cs,ds,Fs);
%
[db,mag,pha,grd,w] = freqz_m(b,a);
%plot
figure(37); clf;
%
axis([0,1,0,1.2]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-30,10]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-1,1]); grid
%
subplot(2,2,4); plot(w/pi,grd);
axis([0,1,0,15]); grid
title('Group Delay');
xlabel('frequency in pi units'); ylabel('Samples');
26
ng

ng
2.10. Thc hin yu cu ca cu 2.9 theo phng php bt bin xung, dng
hm impinvar ca MATLAB. So snh kt qu thu c vi cu trn.
T = 1; Fs =1/T; % Dat T=1
[b,a] = impinvar(cs,ds,Fs);
%
[db,mag,pha,grd,w] = freqz_m(b,a);
%plot
figure(37); clf;
%
27

ng
axis([0,1,0,1.2]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-30,10]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-1,1]); grid
%
axis([0,1,0,15]); grid
2.11. To hm thc hin vic chuyn i bng tn s, tr v hm truyn t ca

b lc mi vi tham s u vo l hm truyn t ca b lc thng thp, hm a
thc th hin php i bin s c lp, ghi li theo tn tp l zmapping.m:
28

ng

function [bz,az] = zmapping(bZ,aZ,Nz,Dz)
% Chuyen doi bang tan so tu mien Z sang mien z
% ------------------------------------------------------% [bz,az] = zmapping(bZ,aZ,Nz,Dz)
% perform:
% b(z)
b(Z)|
% ---- = ----|
N(z)
% a(z)
a(Z)|Z = ---%
D(z)
%
bzord = (length(bZ)-1)*(length(Nz)-1);
azord = (length(aZ)-1)*(length(Dz)-1);
bz = zeros(1,bzord+1);
for k = 0:bzord
pln = [1];
for l = 0:k-1
pln = conv(pln,Nz);
end
pld = [1];
for l = 0:bzord-k-1
pld = conv(pld,Dz);
end
bz = bz+bZ(k+1)*conv(pln,pld);
end
%
az = zeros(1,azord+1);
for k = 0:azord
pln = [1];
for l = 0:k-1
pln = conv(pln,Nz);
end
pld = [1];
for l = 0:azord-k-1
pld = conv(pld,Dz);
end
az = az+aZ(k+1)*conv(pln,pld);
end
%
az1 = az(1); az = az/az1; bz=bz/az1;
2.12. Vit chng trnh chuyn i t b lc thng thp theo thit k ca cu

1.9 sang b lc thng cao c tn s ct c=0,6. Tnh v biu din trn th
a. ln ca p ng tn s
29

d. Tr nhm theo tn s.
wpl =0.2*pi; % digital Passband freq in Hz
wsl =0.3*pi; % digital Stopband freq in Hz
T = 1; Fs =1/T; % Dat T=1
[bl,al] = bilinear(cs,ds,Fs);
%
wph = 0.6*pi;
alpha = cos((wpl-wph)/2) / cos((wpl+wph)/2)
Nz = -[-alpha, 1];
Dz = [1, -alpha];
% Chuyen doi bo loc
[bh,ah] = zmapping(bl,al,Nz,Dz);
[db,mag,pha,grd,w] = freqz_m(bh,ah);
%plot
figure(37); clf;
%plot
axis([0,1,0,1.2]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-30,10]); grid
%
axis([0,1,-1,1]); grid
%
30
ng

ng
axis([0,1,-10,10]); grid
*********
BI 3. GII THIU V DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR
1. Mc ch:
Kt thc bi th nghim ny, sinh vin c th gii thch s khc nhau gia
mt b x l tn hiu s(DSP) v mt b x l mc ch chung. Xa hn mt
bc, sinh vin c th lm quen vi qu trnh thit k cho cc chng trnh cho
DSP.
2. C s l thuyt.
B x l tn hiu s(Digital Signal Processor - DSP) l mt b phn x l
mnh v rt nhanh, n c th iu khin qu trnh phn tch tn hiu trong thi
31

ng
gian thc. Bi cc phn t kho cho cc mch logic c thit k chuyn dng
cho cc php ton nhn v cng nn thi gian tnh ton trong cc DSP ni chung
thng nhanh hn so vi cc b vi x l khc.
Cc b x l tn hiu s c c trng bi:

Cc cu trc chuyn mn ho cho php chng thc hin cc lnh mi mt
cch nhanh chng v hiu qu
Cc ch th nhn nhanh
Mt s rt gn cc lnh lm cho qu trnh lp trnh DSP n gin hn
Cc DSP lm cuc cch mng trong cng ngh in t vin thng. DSP
c th coi nh tri timtrong hng lot cc thit b hin i nh in thoi di ng,
cc thit b nhn dng v tng hp ting ni, b chi DVD (Digital Versatile), v
cc thit b an ton mc cao. Khng nhng vy, rt nhiu ng dng ngy nay
32

ng
c tch hp DSP nh l trung tm iu khin ca h thng bao gm cc b

iu khin a cng, cc h thng treo xe t, trong cc mng x l tn hiu nh
y t, v cc h thng radar.
DSP bt u xut hin vo cui nhng nm1970 v vo u nm1980 vi
DSP1 ca Bell Lab, 2920 ca Inlel, uPD7720 ca NEC. Vo nm 1982, Texas
Instrument a ra TMS32010, thnh vin u tin ca h DSP du phy tnh
16 bit. DSP ny c tc tnh ton l 8MIPS. Cc bc nhy vt lin tip xut
hin. C th l vo nm 1998, cc DSP s dng x l song song t ti tc
tnh ton 1600MIPS.
Trong h thng th nghim Lab-Volt DIGITAL SIGNAI PROCESSOR, loi

DSP c s dng l Texas Instrument TMS320C50. y l loi DSP th h th
ba vi thit k bn trong da trn DSP th h th nht TMS320C10.
33

ng
Cng vo nm1982, cc b x l du phy ng u tin c sn xut

bi Hitachi. Khun dng s ny tng ng k khong tnh ton ng ca DSP.
Hai nm sau NEC a ra cc DSP 32 bit du phy ng u tin c tc
tnh ton 6,6MIPS.
Ni chung, cc tn hiu ca th gii thc (v d: m thanh, radar) c x l
tt hn bng cc DSP du phy ng. Cc tn hiu c xy dng (v d nh:
vin thng, nh v iu khin) ni chung c x l tt hn bng cc DSP du
phy tnh .
Trn thgii, xu thpht trin cc sn phm da trn DSP tng nhanh v:
Chng cho php x l phc tp hn cc mng tng t.
Chng cung cp tnh nng x l tn hiu lp i lp li.
M ngun c th d dng c sa i v vic cp nht. Ni mt cch
khc, thay i thit kca n l mm do hn.
Chng thng c cho gi thnh pht trin thp hn cc thit k tng
t vi cc bc tnh nng tng ng.
`Mt h thng mun vn hnh cn phi thng qua s ch th t mt phn

mm c lp trnh t trc. Phn mm bao gm mt tp cc ch dn, hay cn
gi l cc lnh, bo cho h thng bit s lm cc cng vic g mt cch tun
t v h thng cn thao tc th no mt khi c mt iu kin c d on
trc xy ra.. Chng trnh ny c lu tr nh m my bn trong DSP.
Hi: La chn no trong cc la chn di y l mt lnh nm trong chng
trnh?
a. ADD #214, 4
b. F9E7h
c. 1011,1110 0001 0110
34

ng
d. Tt c cc la chn trn
Xy dng mt chng trnh DSP m n thun t m my l khng kh thi.

V l do ny, ngn ng assembler (hp ng) c pht trin vit chng trnh
cho DSP. y l ngn ng lp trnh m cc ch th ca n dng gi nh l biu
tng v thng tng ng mt mt vi cc ch th my.
B dch (assembler) v b lin kt (linker) c s dng dch chng
trnh c vit bng hp ng thnh cc m my ca DSP. Assembler dch tp
chng trnh thnh tp ch, cc tp ny sau c lin kt vi nhau (link)
to ra tp m my vn hnh bn trong DSP.
35

ng
Hi: S la chn no trong cc cu lnh di y c vit bng hp ng?

a. IF (i.NE.27) THEN(omega=2*sin(x))
b. 982Eh
c. 1011 1110 0001 0110
d. DMOV *, AR1
Ngn ng C l ngn ng bc cao c s dng ngy cng nhiu lp trnh

cc DSP phc tp hoc thc thi cc thut ton c phc tp cao. Lp trnh bng
C n gin ho thit k ca cc ng dng DSP v ngi lp trnh khng cn b
gii hn bi tp ch th nh ca cc ngn ng bc thp (nh hp ng).
B bin dch (compiler) C c s dng dch cc m ngun C thnh cc
m hp ng DSP thch hp.
Phn cui ca lp trnh bao gm vic kim tra li chng trnh v lm thay
i cho n khi thc hin tt chc nng mong mun. Qu trnh cui cng trong
chui cc qu trnh pht trin mt phn mm thng c gi l g ri
36

ng
(debugging). Chng trnh gip cho vic g ri phn mm c gi l b g ri

(debugger).
Mt b g ri cho php ngi lp chng trnh kh nng phn tch vn
kt hp vi cc chng trnh DSP ca h. iu ny c thc hin trc khi g
ri c s dng vi DSP m ta lm th nghim.C5x Visual Development
Evironment (C5x VDE) l b g ri c s dng vi DSP m chng ta lm th
nghim.
Nhng ngi pht trin h thng DSP him khi g ri mt DSP m khng
s dng mt b g ri hay debugger. V vy, h thng s dng EVMs,
emulators v simulators tr gip cho vic ny.
B DSP c s dng vi b mch l mt b phn ca module TM320C5x
DSK (Digital Signal Processing Kit). Khi s dng EVMs, emulators v
simulators, ngi pht trin c th thay i trong qu trnh pht trin m hnh
ca DSP ang c th nghim.
Mt khi hot ng c, th nghim cui cng ca chng trnh ny
c ci t trn h thng DSP.
37

ng
Cc chng trnh c bao gm v s dng trong Digital Signal Processor

c vit bng hp ng. Hp ng c s dng nh mt c trng ca
TM320C5x EVMs, n cng thm cc ch th trong n, v c gi l cc ch
th DSK.
3. Yu cu thit b
hon thnh c cc bi tp sau y, ta cn:

FACET baseunit.
B mch DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR.
Chng trnh C5x VDE.
Cc tp chng trnh (dsk) v hp ng(asm) 1_1, Exl_2
My hin sng
ng h o in a chc nng
*********
BI 4. LM QUEN VI BTH NGHIM LABVOLT DSP

1. Mc ch
Kt thc bi ny, sinh vin c lm quen vi v tr v chc nng ca mi
linh kin khc nhau trong h thng DSP
2. Tho lun
Bo mch c hai vng chc nng: vng cha cc ph kin ca bo mch v
vng cha DSP v ngoi vi ca n.
Vng cha cc ph kin ca bo mch bao gm:
38

ng
DOWER SUPPLY vi AUXILIARY POWER INPUT

DC SOURCE.
MICROPHONE PRE-AMPLIFIEF
AUDIO AMPLIFIER
Chc nng:
Khi mch POWER SUPPLY cung cp mt ngun DC c chnh lu v
lc cho ton b bo mch. Bo mch c th c vn hnh theo hai cch khc
nhau : hoc in p vo ca Power Supply c th c nhn t Lab-BoIl
FACET base Unit hoc c th c nhn t cc kt ni 15V ngoi c tm
thy trn khi AUXILIARY POWER INPUT.
Khi DC SOURCE cung cp mt in p DC thay i v ph thuc vo v tr
ca chit p,gia -3,5V de v + 3,5Vdc. Khi DC SOURCE c th c dng
ngun ca mt tn hiu tham chiu u vo cho chng trnh chy trn DSP.
Khi MICROPIIONE PRE-AMPLIFIER c s dng iu chnh mt tn
hiu micro thnh mt mc thch hp vi u vo ca DSP. Chit p GAIN
thay i mc ra gia mt gi tr thp v mt gi tr cao.
c th nghe thy tn hiu t ANALOG OUTPUT, c nh v trn khi
CODEC, khi AUDIO AMPLIER c s dng.
Vng chc nng th hai ca bo mch l DSP v cc ngoi vi ca n bao
gm:
DSP
CODEC
I/O INTERFACE
INTERRUPTS
AUXILIARY I/O
SERIAL PORT.
DSP c coi nh l tri tim ca h thng x l tn hiu s.
Khi DSP cha mt vi mch DSP TM320C50 trong mt chp 132 chn dn
trn b mt (surface mount). N c th t ti tc thc hin 50MIPS. C
nhiu li DSP chng c th thay i v cc tc chu trnh. Tuy nhin, tc
c gii hn bi cc rng buc ca h thng bn trong vi mch. DSP c th
s dng mt b to dao ng bn trong thit lp ng h hoc cng c th
s dng b to dao ng ngoi. DSP c dng trn bo mch th nghim c
t cu hnh s dng b to dao ng ngoi.
Khi OSCILATOR c t trn bo mch cung cp cho n mt tn hiu tham
chiu 40 MHz. DSP chia tn hiu ny to ra tn hiu bn trong 20Mhz (tn
s tn hiu ch) m n s dng tnh ton thi gian cc chu trnh ch th ca
n.
39

ng
Khi CODEC thng c cu thnh bi cc linh kin sau:

- mt u vo GAIN lp trnh c
- mt ANTI-ALISING FILTER (b lc chng trm ph)
- mt b bin i tng t - s
- mt b bin i s - tng t
- mt POST-GILER (b lc sau)
Khi I/O INTERFACE l mt phng tin hin th v np v thng tin
chng trnh. Chuyn mch DIP8 c chc nng a 8 bit vo cu hnh DSP.
Ph thuc vo chng trnh ang c s dng, thng tin c th c x l
theo nhiu cch khc nhau. Cc b hin th LED 7 thanh c s dng a
ra thng tin chng trnh cho ngi s dng DSP. Nh hu ht cc b vi x
l, cc DSP u c kh nng iu khin ngt. Hai nt c th c s dng
nh cc thit b vo ca ngi s dng cho mt chng trnh. Khi mt trong
cc nt nhn c nhn th mt ngt c sinh ra bn trong DSP v m
chng trnh kt hp vi n c thc hin.
Vng AUXILARY I/0 c cng thm vo cho mc ch gim st tn hiu
v lm nguyn mu cho cc bi tp DSP thm vo c thc hin
trn bo mch. Cc u ca khi AUXILARY I/O c th c s dng giao
tip DSP vi mt mch ngoi. Mch ngoi ny c th c cp ngun bi
u 10 chn t trn khi AUXILARY I/O. Vng AUXLIIARY I/O c ba
cng:
- Cc im kt ni 5Vdc v 5Vdc c sn s dng trn u phi c
10 chn, chng c th c s dng cp ngun cho mt mch ngoi.
Cc b cung cp ca bo mch c cng im t.
- u tri ca 8 chn LSB (c nh nhn t D0 n D7) ca bus d liu
ca DSP ngoi, v bao gm 4 ng a ch c tin m ho (c nh
nhn t PA0# n PA3#).
- u gia c cc phn vo/ra (I/O) bao gm:
chn dliu(DS#), chng trnh (PS#), khong vo/ra (IS#)
u ra b nh thi
chn u (RD#) v cho ghi (WE#) cho cc thit b ngoi
chn c/ghi (R/W#) cho cc truy nhp ngoi.
tn hiu bo cho bit nhn c ngt (IACK#)
u vo ngt ngoi (INT4#)
chn hng (DIR) v chn chp (CS#) iu khin vic truyn d liu
ngoi.
40

ng
DSP trn bo mch c lp trnh thnh vai tr server i vi my tnh

trong vai tr client. b DSP hot ng, bo mch SERIAL, PORT phi c
ni vi mt trong cc cng ni tip ca my tnh ca bn.
Ch : Nu my tnh ch khng c mt kt ni tip th hai th vo thi
im thch hp trong tin trnh thc hin bi tp sinh vin c th tho kt ni tip
ca Base Unit v dng n ni bo mch SERIAL PORT vi my tnh
C5x VDE (C5x Visual Development Environment) qun l vic bt tay gia bo
mch v my tnh. N iu khin tt c cc u vo v u ra t b nh ca DSP
cng ni tip. Mt khi kt ni lin lc gia my tnh ca bn v bo DSP c
thit lp, C5x VDE c th c s dng np mt chng trnh vo DSP.
3. Tin trnh th nghim

Gii thiu bo mch: Trong phn ny, bn s lm quen vi mt s cc linh
kin v khi mch trn bo mch DIGIAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR.
1. nh v trn bo mch DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR tt c cc thit b u
cui chung. Dng mt in tr k kim tra cc thit b u cui c ni vi
nhau hay cha.
2. Bt ngun cung cp cho bo mch DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR.
3. Dng mt volt k kim tra in p mt chiu bng cch thay i chit p
ca DC SOURCE t gi tr nh nht cho ti gi tr ln nht ca n. o in p
DC ti u ra ca DC source
Hi: in p DC nhnht (VDC min) v in p DC ln nht (VDC max) a
ra t
DC source?
VDC min = V
VDC max = V
4. Thc hin cc kt ni vi DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR
Ch : Nu cht lng audio t loa khng tt, c th dng tai nghe km
theo bo mch. Ni tai nghe vo u cm tai nghe c t trn khi mch
AUDIO AMPLIFIER.
5. Ni vo micro, xem xt s thay i ca m thanh pht ra trong khi cng thc
hin thay i chit p ca MICROPHONE PRE-AMPLIFIER v ca AUDIO
41

ng
AMPLIFIER
6. Tho ton b cc kt ni hin c trn bo mch.
Lm quen vi bo mch dng mt chng trnh DSP:Trong mc ny,
C5x VDE s c dng np v chy mt chng trnh bn trong DSP
Ch : Trc khi sdng C5x VDE, hy chc chn rng ngun ca bo
mch c bt v kt ni ni tip l hin c gia my tnh v khi mch
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR c nh nhn SERIAL PORT.
7. M chng trnh C5x VDE:
8. Dng lnh Load Program trong menu File np chng trnh ex1_1.dsk vo
DSP.
Hi: Hai ca sno ang c mtrong C5x VDE?
a. C5x Registers v Peripheral Registers.
b. Dis-Assembly v Periphearal Registers.
c. C5x Registers v Dis-Assembly.
d. Peripheral Registers v File Selection
9. Kt ni bo mch nh hnh v. iu ny cho php chng trnh ex1_1.dsk vn
hnh ng n.
Ch : Dng tai nghe nu cn thit.

10. Thc hin ln RUN trn thanh cng c ca C5x VDE.
11. Quan st nhng g c ra c hin th bn trong khi mch I/O
INTERFACE.
iu chnh chuyn mch DIP (tt ccc bit u vtr 0)sao chohin th c
c l 0000.
42

ng
12. Nhn nt th nht INT# trn bo mch INTERRUPTS chuyn ti DSP cc

gi tr c nhp vo thng qua chuyn mch DIP.
13. Dng micro, cho mt tn hiu (ging ni) vo DSP
Ch : iu chnh cc chit p GAIN ca MICROPHONE PREAMPLIFIER v ca AUDIO AMPLIFIER ci thin m thanh u ra.
14. Lu rng trong khi ang ni vo micro, cc chmtrn mn hnh ca khi
mch I/O INTERFACE bt sng.
15. iu chnh chuyn mch DIP sao cho mn hnh I/O INTERFACE c c
l 0015.
16. Truyn gi tr ca chuyn mch DIP vo DSP bng cch nhn nt nhn
INT#.
17. Quan st kt qu ca s thay i ca x l tn hiu trong m thanh ca ging
ni.
18. Lp li cc bc t 15 n 17 cho mi mt gi tr c hin th trn I/O
INTERFACE sau y: 0031, 0063, 0127, 0255
Nh nhn nt INT # sau khi t chuyn mch DIP ti mt gi trmi.
Hi: S la chn no sau y l m t ng n nht v chng trnh
ex1_1.dsk c np vo DSP?
a. y l mt b ghi ting ni
b. y l h iu hnh Base Unit
c. y l mt my pht chc nng
d. y l mt my pht ting vng.
Hi: Con s c hin th trn I/O INTERFACE t l vi ci g?

a. Thi gian tr(theo ms) gia cc ting vng lin tip
b. S cc ting vng c to ra
c. Thi gian cn dng (theo ms) sinh ra cc ting vng cho mt m thanh
d. S cc mu phi ly trn tn hiu ra trong mt giy
19. Thc hin lnh Halt trn thanh cng c ca C5x VDE. ng C5x VDE.
4. Kt lun
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR c hai vng: vng cc ph kin ca bo
mch v vng DSP vi cc ngoi vi.
43

ng
Bo mch c chia thnh cc khi mch ring r.

Trc khi mt chng trnh DSP c th c np hoc s dng, ngun cung
cp ca DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR phi c bt ln v kt ni ni
tip gia khi mch SERIAL PORT v my tnh phi c thc hin
Cc khi mch CODEC, I/O INTERFACE, INTERRUPTv AUXILIARY
I/O c th ch c p dng bi ngi s dng nu chng trnh np vo DSP
i hi vic s dng chng.
5. Cu hi n tp
Di y l cc cu hi cho Bi 4. Sinh vin c k cu hi, sau tch
vo tng ng vi cu tr li c cho l ng nht:
Cu 1: Trc khi bo mch DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR sn sng s
dng, c mt s bc bt buc cn phi theo. Mnh no sau y l bc
cn thit phi thc hin trc khi s dng bo mch ?
a. Chc chn rng cc chuyn mch ca I/O INTERFACE u v tr 0
b. Chc chn rng kt ni ni tip l hin c gia my tnh chv khi mch
DIGITAL, SIGNAL PROCESSOR c nh nhn SERIAL PORT.
c. Chc chn rng ngun cung cp ca bo mch c bt
d. Cc mnh b v c.
Cu 2: Khong in p DC m chit p cho ngun DC iu chnh c l bao
nhiu?
a. 3,3V n +3,6V
b. 3,0V n + 3,0V
c. 3,5V n + 3,5V
d. Khng c mnh no trong cc mnh trn l ng.
Cu 3: Chn no trong s cc chn sau y c t trn u gia ca bo
mch AUXILIARY I/O ?
a. 4 ng a ch tin m ho (c nh nhn t PA0# n PA3#)
b. TOUT, IACK #, INT4#, v RD#
c. DS#, D0, D1, v D2
d. CS#, INT4#, DS#, v PA1#
Cu 4: DSP TMS320C50 trn bo mch DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR s
dng ng h h thng c tn s l bao nhiu (nhc li rng y l ng h t
tc tnh ton cho DSP)?
a. DSP dng b to dao ng bn trong 20MHZ
b. DSP dng b to dao ng bn ngoi 40MHZ
44

ng
c. Thng qua kt ni ni tip, DSP dng b to dao ng bn trong 33.3MHz

CODEC
d. Thng qua kt ni bo mch SERIAL PORT, DSP dng b dao ng trong
ca my tnh ch.
Cu 5: Linh kin no trong cc linh kin sau y thng c tm thy trong
CODEC
a. Mt b lc chng trm ph
b. Mt b bin i tng t s
c. Mt b bin i s tng t
d. Tt cc cc b ni trn.
45

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Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI

H tn sinh vin: NG THIN TRANG

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

BI 1. M phng h thng v tn hiu ri rc bng

1.2. Vit chng trnh to hm nng lng ca mt dy. Yu cu chng trnh

1.3. Cho x ( n )={ 1,2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 6,5, 4, 3, 2,1 }2 n 10 Vit chng

trnh th hin trn th cc dy sau y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

in cc cu lnh vo phn trng di y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

B. Tn hiu v h thng ri rc min Z, min tn s lin tc , v

a. Da trn nh ngha ca bin i Z, tm bin i Z ca dy trn

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

1.6. Cho dy x(n) c dng nh sau:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

1.7. Mt hm min Z c cho vi cng thc sau y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

a. S dng lnh residuez ca MATLAB, tnh cc im cc, thng d ti cc

1.8. Cho hm X(z) vi cng thc nh sau:

( 10,9 z1) (1+ 0,9 z 1 )

a. Vit chng trnh tnh cc im cc, thng d ca cc im cc ca hm X(z)

in cc cu lnh vo phn trng di y:

1.9. Cho h thng nhn qu biu din bi phng trnh sau:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

gm p ng bin - tn s v p ng pha - tn s) ti 200 im ri rc trn

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

1.10. To cc hm thc hin vic bin i Fourier ri rc thun (t tn l hm

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

title('DFT of SQ. wave: L=5, N=20');

BI 2. Thit k b lc s bng MATLAB

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

2.2. Vit chng trnh tnh hm ln ca p ng tn sblc FIR loi 2, FIR

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

>> [Hr,w,c,L] = Hr_Type3(h) -> cho b lc FIR loi 3

>> [Hr,w,d,L] = Hr_Type4(h) -> cho b lc FIR loi 4

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

2.3. Cho b lc FIR vi p ng xung nh sau:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

2.4. Cho b lc FIR vi p ng xung nh sau:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

2.5. Thit k b lc thng thp theo phng php ca s vi cc tham s u

Tnh v biu din trn th:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

in cc cu lnh vo phn trng di y:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

2.6. Thit k b lc thng thp theo phng php ly mu tn s vi cc tham

Gi s rng ta chn p ng xung c chiu di 60 tng ng vi ly 60 mu

Tnh v biu din trn th:

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

d. Hm ln tng i tnh theo dB ca p ng tn s

Bao cao thi nghim x li s tin hiu

V phc ho th vo phn trng di y:

Trc tin xut pht t di ca dy p ng M theo cng thc

Lp cng vic tm b lc ti u theo ngha Chebyshev (dng lnh firpm) v tng