Mt s bi tp trc nghim v lin kt ha hc

1)Cho cc phn t sau : C2H4, C2H2, O3, N2, CO2, CH4, NH3. C bao nhiu phn t c lin kt i
v c bao nhiu phn t c lin kt ba?
A. 2 v 2.
B. 3 v 2.
C. 3 v 1.
D. 2 v 1.
2)Khng nh no sau y l sai ?
A. 2 phn t NO2 c th kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t N2O4 v trong phn t NO2 cn c 1
electron c thn c th to thnh lin kt.
B. Phn t CO2 c cu trc thng hng.
C. Trn mi phn t Nit cn 1 cp electron cha lin kt.
D. NH3 c kh nng nhn proton v trn nguyn t N ca NH3 cn 1 cp electron c kh nng to
lin kt cho nhn vi ion H+.
3) X,Y,Z l 3 nguyn t ha hc. Tng s ht mang in trong 3 phn t X2Y, ZY2 v X2Z l 200.
S ht mang in ca X2Y bng 15/16 ln s ht mang in ca ZY2. trng thi c bn, nguyn
t Z c s electron p bng 1,667 ln s electron s. R l phn t hp cht gia X,Y,Z gm 6
nguyn t c tng s ht mang in l :
A. 104
B. 124
C. 62
D. 52
4)S cp electron gp chung v s cp electron cha lin kt ca nguyn t trung tm trong cc
phn t : CH4, CO2, NH3, P2H4, PCl5, H2S ln lt l :
A. 4 v 0; 4 v 0; 3 v 1; 4 v 2; 5 v 0; 2 v 1.
B. 4 v 1; 4 v 2; 3 v 1; 5 v 2; 5 v 0; 2 v 0.
C. 4 v 1; 4 v 2; 3 v 2; 5 v 2; 5 v 1; 2 v2.
D. 4 v 0; 4 v 0; 3 v 1; 5 v 2; 5 v 0; 2 v 2.
5) Cc phn t no sau y c cu trc thng hng : CO2 (1); H2O (2); C2H2 (3); SO2(4); NO2
(5); BeH2 (6) ?
A. (1); (2); (6)
B. (1); (3); (6)
C. (1); (5); (6)
D. (1); (3); (5)
6) Cho cc hp cht hu c mch h ln lt c cng thc phn t l : t nht vC4H4 (1);
C5H8O2 (2); C3H4O (3); C4H8O (4). Phn t c s lin kt nhiu nht ln lt l :phn t c s
lin kt
A. (3) v (2)
B. (4) v (2)
C. (2) v (4)
D. (2) v (3)
7) Cho cc nguyn t : Na, Ca, H, O, S c th to ra bao nhiu phn t hp cht c KLPT82 m
trong phn t ch c lin kt cng ha tr?
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
8)Photpho c th to vi Clo 2 hp cht l PCl3 v PCl5 trong khi nit ch to vi Clo hp cht
NCl3 l do :
A. Nguyn t nit c bn knh nguyn t nh hn photpho.
B. Nguyn t nit c m in ln hn photpho.
C. Nguyn t nit khng c trng thi kch thch trong khi photpho th c.
D. Nguyn t nit c in tch ht nhn b hn photpho.
9)Trong cc phn t NCl3, H2S, PCl5, CaF2, Al2O3, HNO3, BaO, NaCl, KOH, KF. C bao nhiu phn t
c lin kt ion?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
10)Trong cc ion sau : Fe3+, Na+, Ba2+, S2, Pb2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Cl ,H+, H c bao nhiu ion
khng c cu hnh electron ging kh tr : A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
11)Anion X v cation M2+ (M khng phi l Be) u c chung 1 cu hnh electron R. Khng nh
no sau y l sai?
A. Nu M chu k 3 th X l Flo.
B. Nu R c n electron th phn t hp cht ion n gin gia X v M c 3n electron.
C. X l nguyn t p v M l nguyn t s.
D. S ht mang in ca Ms ht mang in ca X = 4.
12)Trong s cc hp cht ion 2 nguyn t n gin to thnh t cc kim loi Na, Ca, K, Mg v cc
phi kim O, Cl, S, N phn t hp cht ion c s electron nhiu nht trong phn t l m v phn t
hp cht ion c s electron t nht trong phn t l n. m v n ln lt l :
A. 74 v 20.
B. 54 v 20.
C. 54 v 28.
D. 74 v 38.
13) Nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 115 trong s ht khng mang in
chim 39,13% tng s ht. Trong hp cht ion gia M v X s ht mang in ca M chim
14,63% tng s ht mang in ca phn t. M l :
A. Na
B. Mg
C. Na
D. K
14) Tng s ht mang in ca phn t X2Y v ZY ln lt l 108 v 56. S ht mang in ca X
bng 1,583 ln s ht mang in ca Z. T c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 2p5. Tng
s electron trong phn t hp cht gia X v T, Z v T ln lt l : (X,Y,Z,T l cc nguyn t ha
hc)
A. 20 v 20
B. 28 v 30
C. 40 v 20
D. 38 v 20

15) Anion XY32 c tng s ht mang in l 62. S ht mang in trong ht nhn ca Y nhiu
hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn ca X l 2. Nhn nh no sau y l sai?
A. Y l nguyn t thuc chu k 2.
B. X l nguyn t cacbon.
C. Trong phn t hp cht gia Na, X,Y va c lin kt ion va c lin kt cng ha tr.
D. Nu Z l nguyn t cng phn nhm vi Y chu k k tip th phn t hp cht gia X v Z c
tng s ht mang in l 48.
16) X v Y u l hp cht ion cu to thnh t cc ion c chung cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6.
Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong phn t X v Y ln lt l 92 v 60. X v Y ln lt l :
A.MgO; MgF2
B. MgF2 hoc Na2O; MgO
C. Na2O; MgO hoc MgF2
D. MgO; Na2O.
Chn cu ng nht.
17)Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t R,X,Y ln lt l 2p4, 3s1, 3p1. Phn
t hp cht ion n gin gia X v R, gia Z v R ln lt c s ht mang in l :
A. 40 v 40
B. 40 v 60
C. 60 v 100
D. 60 v 80
18)X v Y l 2 hp cht ion cu to bi cc ion c cu hnh electron ging kh tr Ne hoc Ar.
Tng s ht mang in trong X l 46 v tng s ht mang in trong Y l 38. Nguyn t X to
nn anion ca X v nguyn t Y to nn anion ca Y thuc cng 1 phn nhm. X v Y to nn 2
hp cht c s electron trong phn t ln lt l :
A. 24 v 32
B.50 v 84
C. 32 v 40
D. 32 v 84
19) Trong cc phn t hp cht ion sau y : CaCl2, MgO, CaO, Ba(NO3)2, Na2O, KF, Na2S, MgCl2,
K2S, KCl c bao nhiu phn t c to thnh bi cc ion c chung cu hnh electron
1s22s22p63s23p6?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
20) Cho cc nguyn t K,Na,Ca,Al, F,O, Cl. C bao nhiu phn t hp cht ion to thnh t 2
nguyn t trong cc nguyn t trn c cu hnh electron ca cation khc cu hnh electron ca
anion ?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7