n bo v mi trng chi tit

Nh my sn xut
ht nha cao cp

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

MC LC
n bo v mi trng chi tit............................................................................................. 1
Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp.................................................................................. 1
MC LC................................................................................................................................ 2
M U................................................................................................................................. 8
Chng 1.............................................................................................................................. 13
M T TM TT C S V TNH HNH THC HIN CNG TC BO V MI TRNG
QUA CA C S........................................................................................................... 13
1.1.Tn ca c s :............................................................................................................... 13
1.2.Ch c s....................................................................................................................... 13
H v tn: Phm Th Thanh Hin

Chc v: Gim c .......................................... 13

1.3. V tr a l ca c s...................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1.V tr a l................................................................................................................. 13
1.3.2. iu kin v a l, a cht.................................................................................... 13
1.3.3. iu kin kinh t- x hi........................................................................................... 17
1.3.4. Vn ha x hi......................................................................................................... 18
1.4. Cc hng mc xy dng ca c s............................................................................... 19
1.5. Quy m/cng sut, thi gian hot ng ca c s......................................................... 21
1.6. Cng ngh sn xut/vn hnh ca c s....................................................................... 21
1.6.1. Loi hnh sn xut:................................................................................................. 21
1.6.2. Cng ngh sn xut................................................................................................. 22
1.7. My mc, thit b, nguyn liu, nhin liu, vt liu s dng cho hot ng sn xut/kinh
doanh/dch v ca c s....................................................................................................... 24
1.7.1. My mc, thit b...................................................................................................... 24
1.7.2. Nguyn liu, nhin liu, vt liu............................................................................... 25
1.8. Tnh hnh thc hin cng tc bo v mi trng ca c s trong thi gian qua.......26
Chng 2.............................................................................................................................. 27
M T CC NGUN CHT THI, CC VN MI TRNG KHNG LIN QUAN N
CHT THI CA C S V BIN PHP QUN L/X L................................................ 27
2.1. Ngun cht thi rn thng thng.................................................................................. 27

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

2.1.1. Ngun pht sinh...................................................................................................... 27

2.1.2. Cc bin php gim thiu........................................................................................ 27
2.2. Ngun cht thi lng ..................................................................................................... 28
2.2.1. Ngun pht sinh...................................................................................................... 28
2.2.2. Ngun tip nhn nc thi...................................................................................... 30
2.2.3. H thng x l nc thi......................................................................................... 30
2.2.4. Kt qu phn tch mi trng nc thi.................................................................. 32
2.3. Ngun cht thi kh....................................................................................................... 33
2.3.1. Ngun pht sinh....................................................................................................... 33
2.3.2. Cc bin php gim thiu tc ng ca kh thi...................................................... 34
2.3.3. Kt qu phn tch nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh.................................. 35
2.4. Ngun cht thi nguy hi................................................................................................ 37
2.5. Ngun ting n, rung................................................................................................. 37
2.6. Cc vn mi trng, vn kinh t - x hi do c s to ra khng lin quan n cht
thi........................................................................................................................................ 38
Chng 3.............................................................................................................................. 40
K HOCH XY DNG, VN HNH TH NGHIM CC CNG TRNH X L CHT THI
.............................................................................................................................................. 40
3.1. K hoch xy dng........................................................................................................ 40
3.1.1. Cng trnh x l nc thi tp trung........................................................................ 40
3.2. K hoch vn hnh ....................................................................................................... 44
Chng 4. ............................................................................................................................ 46
K HOCH QUN L MI TRNG HNG NM.............................................................. 46
4.1. K hoch qun l cht thi............................................................................................. 46
4.2. K hoch qun l cc vn mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi........................ 46
4.3. K hoch ng ph s c................................................................................................ 47
4.4. K hoch quan trc mi trng ..................................................................................... 48
Chng 5.............................................................................................................................. 51
THAM VN KIN............................................................................................................... 51
5.1. Vn bn ca ch c s gi U ban nhn dn cp x..................................................... 51
5.2. kin ca U ban nhn dn cp x............................................................................... 51

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

5.3. kin phn hi ca ch c s....................................................................................... 52

KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT.................................................................................. 53
1.Kt lun.............................................................................................................................. 53
2.Kin ngh............................................................................................................................ 54
3.Cam kt.............................................................................................................................. 54

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

DANH MC T NG VIT TT
TM: Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
TCVN: Tiu chun Vit Nam.
QCQG: Quy chun quc gia.
BOD: Nhu cu xy sinh hc.
BOD5: Nhu cu xy sinh hc sau 5 ngy 200C.
BTCT: B tng ct thp.
COD: Nhu cu xy ha hc.
CTR: Cht thi rn.
KTXH: Kinh t x hi.
KCN: Khu cng nghip.
TSS: Tng cht rn l lng.
TCCP: Tiu chun cho php.
TB: Trung bnh.
UBND: y ban nhn dn.
UBMTTQ: U ban mt trn T quc.
VLXD: Vt liu xy dng.
WHO: T chc Y t th gii.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

DANH MC BNG/BIU
Bng 1. Danh sch tham gia lp bo co n bo v mi trng chi tit.......................... 11
Bng 1.1. Nhit cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (0C)........................................... 14
Bng1.2. m khng kh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (%)............................... 15
Bng 1.3. Lng ma trung bnh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (mm)................... 16
Bng 1.4. S gi nng trung bnh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (Gi)................... 17
Bng 1.5. Sn lng trung bnh trong nm ca Cng ty....................................................... 21
Bng 1.6. Danh mc my mc, thit b ca Cng ty.............................................................. 24
Bng 1.7. Nhu cu nguyn liu ca Cng ty......................................................................... 25
Bng 1.8. Nhu cu nhin liu sn xuts ca Cng ty............................................................ 26
Bng 2.1. Nng cht nhim trong nc ma................................................................ 29
Bng 2.2. Ti lng cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi................................................... 30
Bng 2.3. Kt qu phn tch nc thi ................................................................................. 32
Bng 2.4. Kt qu phn tch mi trng khng kh............................................................... 36
Bng 3.1. Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot............................................ 44
Bng 4.1. K hoch qun l cht thi.................................................................................... 46
Bng 4.2. K hoch qun l cc vn mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi..............46
Bng 4.3. K hoch ng ph s c....................................................................................... 47
Bng 4.4. K hoch quan trc mi trng ........................................................................... 49

DANH MC HNH
Hnh 1.1. S cng ngh sn xut ht nha cao cp........................................................ 23
Hnh 2.1. S h thng thu gom nc thi sinh hot......................................................... 31
Hnh 2.2. S h thng x l nc thi sinh hot bng b pht 3 ngn............................ 31
Hnh 3.1. S cng ngh HTXLNT sinh hot.................................................................... 41
Hnh 4.1. S v tr gim st mi trng........................................................................... 50

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

 n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

M U
Hng Yn l mt trong nhng tnh pht trin rt mnh v cng nghip. Vi
chnh sch thng thong, vi li th v tr thun li, u i cc nh u t trong v
ngoi nc, Hng yn thu ht nhiu nh u t vo khu cng nghip. Nhu cu xy
lp nh xng, mua sm v sa cha my mc, thit b nhm gim sc lao ng ca
con ngi ngy cng tng cng vi s i ln ca cc ngnh kinh t.
Nm bt nhu cu ca th trng, Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp l mt doanh
nghip pht trin tiu chun sn xut cc loi nha phc v cng nghip, dn dng
v sn xut cc sn phm dng cho t, xe my, in t, in lnh, ph tng cc loi
ng ng, tng cha, cc li sn phm nha khc. Sn phm ca cng ty c p
dng rng ri cho nhiu cng trnh trong v ngoi nc. Trong nhng nm gn y
cng ty lun n lc ci tin cng ngh nng cao cht lng sn phm. Trc nhu cu
ngy cng cao ca th trng v vi nh hng pht trin tr thnh cng ty ln trong
lnh vc sn xut cng nghip cng nh trn lnh vc cung cp cc sn phm nha
.Cng ty quyt nh u t xy dng nh my sn xut ti Vit Nam vi sn phm
chnh l cc loi nha, g gia dng, dung ca gia nh, cc mt hng th cng m
ngh..
Thc hin Lut Bo v Mi trng, Nh my sn sut nha cao cp phi
hp vi Trung tm K thut Cng ngh Mi trng tin hnh lp bo co n bo v
mi trng chi tit cho d n Xy dng nh my sn xut cc loi Nha phc v
cng nghip v dn dng, sn xut cc loi sn phm dng cho t, xe my, in t,
in lnh, ph tng cc loi ng ng, tng cha, cc li sn phm nha khc theo
ni dung hng dn ti Thng t s 01/2012/TT-BTNMT ngy 16/3/2012 ca B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng.
Cng ty c thnh lp ph hp vi cc quy hoch c ph duyt nh quy
hoch s dng t, quy hoch pht trin kinh t, x hiph hp vi ch trng pht
trin kinh t ti a bn.
Trong qu trnh thnh lp cng ty cha hon thnh cc vn bn v mi trng
nh: Giy xc nhn ng k t tiu chun mi trng, giy xc nhn ng k bn
cam kt bo v mi trng, vn bn thng bo v vic chp nhn ng k bn cam kt
bo v mi trng, giy xc nhn ng k n bo v mi trng.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

2. Cn c lp n bo v mi trng chi tit

2.1. Cn c php lut
n bo v mi trng chi tit Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp c lp theo
cc cn c php lut hin hnh sau y:
- Lut Bo v Mi trng c Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit
Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005 v Ch tch nc k sc lnh ban hnh ngy
12/12/2005;
- Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 do Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam ban
hnh ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005;
- Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 do Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam ban
hnh ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003;
- Lut Phng chy cha chy s 07/2001/QH10 do Quc hi Nc CHXHCN
Vit Nam ban hnh ngy 29 thng 06 nm 2001;
- Ngh nh s 35/2003/N - CP ngy 04/04/2003 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi
tit mt s iu ca Lut phng chy v cha chy;
- Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy
nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/6/2003 ca Chnh ph v ph bo v
mi trng i vi nc thi;
- Ngh nh s 117/2009/N-CP ngy 31/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic x
pht vi phm php lut trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ban hnh ngy 09/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v
qun l cht thi rn;
- Ngh nh s 209/2004/N-CP ngy 16/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v qun l
cht lng cng trnh xy dng;
- Nghi inh s 29/2011/N-CP ngay 18/4/2011 cua Chinh phu quy inh v anh gia tac
ng mi trng chin lc, anh gia tac ng mi trng, cam kt bao v mi trng;
- Ngh nh s 12/2009 N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d
n u t xy dng cng trnh;
- Thng t 26/2011/TT-BTNMT ngy 18/7/2011 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng quy nh chi tit v mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 29/2011/N-CP ngy
18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph quy nh v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc
ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng;
-Thng t s 01/2012/TT-BTNMT ngy 16/3/2012 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng Quy nh v lp, thm nh, ph duyt v kim tra, xc nhn vic thc hin
n bo v mi trng chi tit; lp v ng k n bo v mi trng n gin;

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

- Thng t 12/2011/TT-BTNMT ngay 14/4/2011 cua B Tai nguyn va Mi

trng v quan ly cht thai nguy hai;
- Thng t 39/2010/TT-BTNMT ngy 16/12/2010 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng quy nh Quy chun quc gia v mi trng;
- Thng t s 27/2009/TT-BXD ngy 31/7/2007 hng dn mt s ni dung
v qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng;
- Thng t 04/2009/TT-BYT ngy 17/06/2009 ca B Y t ban hnh quy chun
k thut quc gia v cht lng nc n ung;
- Quyt nh s 35/2002-Q-BKHCN-MT ngy 25/6/2002 ca BKHCN&MT
v vic cng b danh mc Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng bt buc;
- Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng;
- Quyt nh s 16/2008/Q-BTNMT ngy 31/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng v vic Ban hnh Quy chun k thut Quc gia v mi trng;
- Quyt nh s 55/2008/Q-UBND, ngy 19/11/2008 ca UBND tnh v vic
ban hnh quy nh v qun l an ton cht thi nguy hi trn a bn tnh Hng Yn;
- Quyt nh 05/2009/Q-UBND ngy 23/03/2009 ca UBND tnh Hng Yn
quy nh v qun l xy dng trn a bn tnh;
- Quyt nh s 11/2010/Q-UBND ngy 22/6/2010 ca UBND tnh Hng Yn
v vic phn cp qun l trong cc lnh vc quy hoch xy dng, qun l u t xy
dng, qun l cht lng cng trnh xy dng trn a bn tnh Hng Yn;
- Ch th s 06/CT-UBND, ngy 26/01/2011 ca UBND tnh v vic tng cng
cc bin php qun l cht thi rn trn a bn tnh Hng Yn;
- Quyt nh ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca khu cng
nghip trn a bn tnh.
2.2. Cc Tiu chun, quy chun p dng
- QCVN 05:2009: Cht lng khng kh quy chun k thut quc gia cht
lng khng kh xung quanh;
- QCVN 06:2009: Cht lng khng kh Nng ti a cho php ca mt s
cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh;
- QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc mt;
- QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc ngm;
- QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi cng nghip;
- QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n;
- QCVN 27:2010/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v rung;
- QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT - Quy chun k thut quc gia v gii hn cho php
ca cc kim loi nng trong t;
- TCVN 2622:1995- Tiu chun PCCC cho nh v cng trnh;
- TCVN 5760:1993- H thng cha chy, yu cu v thit k lp t;
- TCVN 5040:1990- k hiu hnh v trn s phng chy;
- TCVN 5738:2001- H thng bo chy t ng yu cu k thut;
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

2.2. Cn c v thng tin

[1]. Cc thng k thnh ph Hng Yn, 2011. Nin gim thng k Hng Yn nm
2010
[2]. Nguyn Khc Cng. Mi trng trong xy dng. i hc Quc gia thnh ph H
Ch Minh, 2003
[4]. Tng Ngc Thanh, 2004. Hin trng mi trng nc di t vng ng bng
Bc B. Tp ch a cht s 280/1-2/2004, tr.21-31, H Ni.
3. T chc lp n bo v mi trng chi tit
3.1. Tm tt t chc thc hin n bo v mi trng chi tit
- n bo v mi trng chi tit, thu thp s liu v iu kin a l t nhin,
kinh t x hi v iu tra x hi hc khu vc d n.
- Ly mu, o c, phn tch cht lng mi trng trong v ngoi khu vc xy
dng d n theo ng tiu chun Vit Nam.
- D bo cc tc ng mi trng do d n v xut cc bin php gim thiu
cc tc ng tiu cc.
- xut chng trnh quan trc, gim st mi trng cho d n.
- Xy dng bo co tng hp.
- Bo co trc hi ng thm nh.
- Chnh sa hon thin ni dung bn bo co sau khi qua hi ng thm nh.
Qu trnh thc hin d n, Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp phi hp vi n
v t vn lp n bo v mi trng
n v t vn:
- Trung tm K thut Cng ngh Mi trng
- i din n v: V Ngc Vn - Gim c
- a ch lin h: 143/85 H nh, Thanh Xun, H Ni
- in thoi:
Fax:
3.2. Quy trnh thc hin n bo v mi trng chi tit ca d n bao gm:
Danh sch cn b trc tip tham gia lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng:
Bng 1. Danh sch tham gia lp bo co n bo v mi trng chi tit
Stt Ngi lp bo co
Chuyn ngnh/ n v cng tc
1 V Ngc Vn
Gim c
1 Nguyn Thai Binh
G - KS. Cng ngh mi trng
2 m Quang Th
PG - TS. Thy vn v mi trng
3 Nguyn Thanh Trung
KS. Cng ngh mi trng
4 Nguyn Th Phng Hoa
CN. Qun l mi trng
5 Phm Vn Hi
CN. Thy vn mi trng
6 Nguyn Hong Giang
KS. Cng ngh Mi trng
7 Nguyn Vn Tin
KS. Ha phn tch
8 B Phm Th Thanh Hin
Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Trong qu trnh thc hin bo co c s phi hp cht ch ca:

- Ban qun l khu cng nghip Yn M.
- Cc chuyn gia trong lnh vc nh gi tc ng mi trng.
- Cc cn b ca Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Chng 1.
M T TM TT C S V TNH HNH THC HIN CNG TC BO V
MI TRNG QUA CA C S
1.1.Tn ca c s :
Nh my sn xut nha cao cp
1.2.Ch c s.
H v tn: Phm Th Thanh Hin
Sinh ngy: 12/10/1965

Chc v: Gim c
Dn tc: Kinh

Quc tch: Vit Nam

Chng minh nhn dn s: 011141796

Ni ng k h khu thng tr: S 33B Phm Ng Lo, phng Phan Chu Trinh,
qun Hon Kim, thnh ph H Ni.
Ch hin nay: S 33B Phm Ng Lo, phng Phan Chu Trinh, qun Hon Kim,
thnh ph H Ni
1.3. V tr a l ca c s
1.3.1.V tr a l
Khu t xy dng ca nh my thuc thn Ho, x Liu X, huyn Yn M,
tnh Hng Yn trn din tch l 23.089m2. v tr c th ca cng ty nh sau:
- Phm vi ranh gii:
+ Pha Bc: Gip vi Cng ty c phn E Nht
+ Pha ng gip: ng 39 mi
+ Pha Nam gip: Cng ty TNHH Bao B Hng yn
+ Pha ty gip: Khu dn c x Liu X
V tr a l ca d n c th xem nh hnh v trang bn:
1.3.2. iu kin v a l, a cht
+ iu kin a l
Khu t ca d n nm ti Thn Ho, x Liu X, huyn Yn M, tnh Hng
Yn.
+ a hnh, a cht khu vc trin khai d n

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Hng Yn l mt tnh thun nng, nm trung tm ng bng Bc B. Hng

Yn v ang tr thnh mt im sng v thu ht u t trong v ngoi nc pht
trin kinh t - x hi.
Hng Yn l tnh mi c ti thnh lp t ngy 01/01/1997, l tnh nm
trung tm ca vng chu th sng Hng, trong vng kinh t trng im Bc B v tam
gic kinh t H Ni - Hi Phng - Qung Ninh, tnh Hng Yn gip ranh vi cc tnh
v thnh ph: H Ni, Bc Ninh, H Nam, Thi Bnh v Hi Dng; L ca ng pha
ng ca H Ni, c v tr a l kinh t rt thun li cho vic pht trin kinh t x
hi, giao lu vi cc tnh trong v cc nc trong khu vc. Hng Yn l ca ng pha
ng ca th H Ni; c 3 tuyn vnh ai 3, 4, 5 ca H Ni chy qua; nm trn
trong 2 tuyn hnh lang kinh t Vit Nam Trung Quc l Cn Minh - Lo Cai - H Ni
- Hi Phng v Nam Ninh - Lng Sn - H Ni - Hi Phng; nm trn trc ng b,
ng st, ng thu H Ni - Hi Phng - Qung Ninh. Quc l 5 ni H Ni vi
cng bin Hi Phng, qua a bn tnh Hng Yn di 22,5 km, mt ng rng 23 m,
nn ng rng 25 m, cho 4 ln xe, ti trng H30-XB80. ng t cao tc H Ni Hi Phng, c chiu di tuyn 105 km, b rng mt ng 22,5 m, b rng nn ng
35 m, vi 8 ln xe chy, tc thit k 120 km/h c Chnh ph Vit Nam cho
xy dng, qua a phn Hng Yn khong 26 km, Hng Yn gn cc cng bin Hi
Phng, Ci Ln v sn bay quc t Ni Bi.
* iu kin v kh hu
+ Nhit v ch nhit
Nhit nh hng n s phn b nng cht nhim trong khng kh gn
mt t. Tnh nng hp th v bc x nhit ca mt tri nh hng n s phn b
nhit trong khng kh theo chiu thng ng. Thng thng cng ln cao, nhit
cng gim, nu trng thi nhit ca khng kh c c tnh ngc li gi l s "nghch
o nhit", hin tng ny lm suy yu s trao i i lu, lm gim s khuch tn
hi c hi v lm tng hi c hi trong khng kh gn mt t.
Nhit khng kh ca khu vc th hin r rt tnh c trng ca vng nhit
i ng bng, t nhiu chu nh hng ca kh hu i ni. Nhit trung bnh cc
thng nm 2010 ca tnh Hng Yn l 24,3 0C, nhit trung bnh thng cao nht l
30,40C vo thng 6, nhit trung bnh thp nht l 17,50C vo thng 1 nm 2010
Bng 1.1. Nhit cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (0C)
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

C nm

23,6

24,1

23,8

23,1

24,2

24,6

Thng 1

15,8

17,7

16,3

14,6

15,3

17,5

Thng 2

17,5

18,2

21,2

13,2

21,9

20,3

Thng 3

18,8

19,8

20,7

20,5

20,5

21,3

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Thng 4

23,4

24,7

22,1

24,0

23,8

23,0

Thng 5

28,4

27,1

26,5

26,8

25,6

28,2

Thng 6

29,9

29,5

30,1

28,0

29,9

30,4

Thng 7

29,1

29,3

29,7

29,0

29,3

30,5

Thng 8

28,2

27,5

28,5

28,5

29,2

28,2

Thng 9

27,8

27,3

25,8

27,5

28,2

28,2

Thng 10

25,6

26,6

25,1

26,0

26,0

24,8

Thng 11

22,2

24,1

19,7

20,9

21,1

21,6

Thng 12

16,6

17,6

20,0

17,9

19,4

21,6

Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2010, Cc thng k Hng Yn

+ m khng kh
Trong iu kin m ln, cc ht bi l lng trong khng kh c th lin kt
vi nhau thnh cc ht to hn v ri nhanh xung t, to iu kin cho cc vi sinh vt
bm vo v pht trin nhanh chng, pht tn i xa, gy bnh truyn nhim
m khng kh ca khu vc Hng Yn kh cao, theo kt qu quan trc m
khng kh trung bnh ti Trm kh tng thy vn Hng Yn cho thy: m trung
bnh cc thng nm 2010 l 83%, gi tr m trung bnh thng ln nht vo thng 4 l
87%, thp nht vo thng 10,11,12 l 74%.
Bng1.2. m khng kh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (%)
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

C nm

82

79

81

83

84

83

Thng 1

85

77

68

80

77

88

Thng 2

91

85

83

76

90

86

Thng 3

86

85

86

87

88

84

Thng 4

87

82

80

88

89

89

Thng 5

84

79

84

83

87

86

Thng 6

80

78

77

86

80

79

Thng 7

83

72

81

82

85

83

Thng 8

86

82

87

87

85

88

Thng 9

81

75

83

87

86

86

Thng 10

75

82

84

84

82

76

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Thng 11

77

81

73

80

72

76

Thng 12

69

73

83

79

82

76

Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2009, Cc thng k Hng Yn

+ Lng ma
Ma c tc dng lm sch mi trng khng kh v pha long cht thi lng.
Ma ma khu vc thng xy ra trong thi gian t thng 5 n thng 11, chim t
80 85% tng lng ma c nm, ma kh bt u t thng 11 n thng 5 nm sau.
Tng lng ma c nm 2009 l 1.139mm. Lng ma cc thng o ti Hng Yn t
nm 2000 n nm 2009 c th hin trong bng sau:
Bng 1.3. Lng ma trung bnh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (mm)
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

C nm

1333,3

1074,5

1,177

1,898

1,564

699

Thng 1

12,4

2,4

1,3

40

95

Thng 2

51,2

27,8

33,5

15

Thng 3

23,8

33,6

35,2

37

57

Thng 4

11,4

21,6

65,1

33

182

39

Thng 5

88,3

114,6

145,2

100

166

80

Thng 6

117,0

210,7

107,3

304

94

87

Thng 7

133,2

218,5

158,0

218

452

95

Thng 8

276,5

294,1

184,2

222

205

177

Thng 9

374,9

66,3

251,2

311

249

68

Thng 10

17

18,2

173,4

238

106

36

Thng 11

190,7

66

12,8

190

38

Thng 12

36,9

0,7

9,8

190

Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2010, cc thng k Hng Yn

+ Nng v bc x
Ch nng lin quan cht ch vi ch bc x v tnh trng my. Vo
thng 3, tng lng bc x thp, bu tri u m, nhiu my nht trong nm nn s
gi nng l t nht trong nm. Sang thng 4, tri m, s gi nng tng ln. Cc
thng s c trng v nng ca khu vc nh sau:

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Bng 1.4. S gi nng trung bnh cc thng t nm 2005 n nm 2010 (Gi)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

C nm

1258,7

1323,3

1331,3

1190,0

1,476.00

1,276.00

Thng 1

30,5

67,6

53,9

62,0

109

31

Thng 2

6,4

26,9

43,7

26,0

74

83

Thng 3

30,9

21,9

8,0

55,0

42

45

Thng 4

70,0

97,9

73,4

63,0

81

46

Thng 5

198,9

180,2

155,8

156

148

137

Thng 6

127,7

171,6

223,4

105

184

159

Thng 7

201,1

149,3

233,7

148

166

215

Thng 8

134,1

92,8

125,2

134

191

129

Thng 9

164,6

161,6

119,5

122

136

140

Thng 10

113,2

129,8

94,6

83

132

121

Thng 11

124,1

131,8

169,0

138

142

90

Thng 12

57,2

91,9

31,1

98

71

80

Ngun: Nin gim thng k 2010, cc thng k Hng Yn

1.3.3. iu kin kinh t- x hi
Tng dn s ca ton x Liu X nm 2011 l 8885 ngi, tng thu nhp c
nm 2011 l 220 t ng. Trong , nng nghip chim 19,6%, cng nghip chim
40,9% v thng mi dch v chim 39,5%.
*Sn xut nng nghip:
a. Trng trt:
-

Din tch gieo cy c nm l 350ha

Tng sn lng c nm thu 2.090 tn, quy tin l 15 t 860 triu ng

Din tch cy v ng: 116 mu

Tng thu t trng trt l 17,6 t

b. Chn nui:
-

n ln c 3.500 con, sn lng tht ln hi t 280 tn, tng gi tr 15,4 t

ng

n tru b c 120 con, tng gi tr thu c 1 t ng

n gia cm c 60.000 con gi tr thu c 9 t ng;

Tng thu t chn nui l 25,4 t ng

*Cng nghip tiu th cng nghip

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Gi tr sn xut Cng nghip tiu th cng nghip v xy dng nm 2011 c

t 90 t ng, cc doanh nghip trn a bn i vo hot ng thu ht gn 2000 lao
ng ca a phng trc tip tham gia vo lm vic trong cc cng ty vi mc lng
t 2 n 3 triu ng/ngi/thng. Cc c s sn xut tiu th cng nghip, xy dng
trn a bn pht trin to vic lm khong trn 1000 lao ng ca a phng,c
mc thu nhp t 2 n 2,5 triu ng/ngi/thng.
*Thng mi dch v
Cng nghip pht trin, giao thng thun tin, s lng cng nhn lao ng
cc ni v lu tr trn a bn ngy cng tng, l iu kin thun li mt s h
gia nh trong x chuyn i ngh, m thm dch v kinh doanh nh Nh tr, nh hng
v dch v. Ton x c trn 323 h kinh doanh dc ng 196, khong 3000 lao ng
tham gia bun bn, lm dch v vi mc thu nhp t 2 n 2,5 triu ng/ngi/thng.
Ngoi ra ton x c 695 ngi ang hng lng, ph cp, tr cp t ngn sch nh
nc hng thng. Vi tng s tin nm 2011 l 7,8 t ng. Tng thu t Thng mi,
dch v v tin lng, tr cp l 87 t ng.
1.3.4. Vn ha x hi
a. Gio dc
Trong nhng nm qua ton ngnh gio dc x Liu X tip tc thc hin phong
tro Hai khng trong ngnh gio dc Nm hc 2010 -2011 trng Tiu hc c tng
s hc sinh l 484 em, t l ln lp t 97% hc sinh gii 172 em t 35%, thy c
gio t gio vin dy gii cp huyn 02, cp trng 17 thy c, trng t c
trng chun quc gia mc I nm 2009. Trng THCS tng s hc sinh c 421 em,
t l ln lp 98%, t l tt nghip 98,3%.
Trng mm non Liu X thu ht c 588 chu v chuyn giao 147 chu
vo lp 1, s c gio dy gii cp huyn 02 c. Nh trng t chc tt cho hc sinh
bn tr ti trng v lun c cha m cc chu ng h khen ngi, thnh tch nh
trng t trng tin tin.
b. Y t dn s
Cng tc khm cha bnh cho nhn dn lun c quan tm, c 4.717 lt
ngi n khm cha bnh ti Trm, trong c 1.120 ngi n chm cu bm
huyt,
Cng tc tim chng m rng: Tr em 1 tui tim 6 loi Vacxin l 335 chu t
100%. Tim si mi 2 cho cc chu di 6 tui, hc lp 1 l 872 chu/715 chu t
81,99%.
c. An ninh quc phng
a bn x nm trong khu cng nghip Ph ni B thun tin ng giao thng,
cng nghip pht trin, dn s c hc tng nn c nh hng ln n tnh hnh gi gn
an ninh trt t, an ton x hi trn a bn.
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Cc t nn pht sinh v ngy cng phc tp do vy vic m bo an ninh trt t

an ton giao thng l rt quan trng, xc nh c nhim v ng y UBND x
ch o ban cng an x tng cng tun tra m bo cng tc an ninh, xy dng k
hoch kim tra, k khai cc i tng tm tr tm vng, cam kt gi cho cc ca hng,
nh hng, nh ngh v thi gian quy nh ca a phng v kin quyt x l cc hnh
vi vi phm php lut.
ng y UBND x thng xuyn quan tm ch o, cng c kin ton lc
lng trung i Dn qun thng trc ca x nhm m bo v s lng v cht
lng, duy tr ch thng trc sn sng chin u, phi hp vi lc lng cng an
tng cng cng tc tun tra canh gc v bo v tt an ninh trt t trn a bn x.
Nm 2011 hon thnh 100% k hoch hun luyn nm v giao ch tiu
17/17 Nam thanh nin ln ng nhp ng, honh thnh ch tiu giao qun nm 2011
1.4. Cc hng mc xy dng ca c s
a) Cc hng mc xy dng ca c s cn c chia thnh 3 nhm sau y:
- Cc hng mc v kt cu h tng:
* H thng giao thng: H thng giao thng trong d n b tr m bo vic vn
chuyn hng ha, nguyn liu i ni cng nh i ngoi cng nh vic i ngoi
trong ni b nh xng v ca hng xng du c thun tin, ng thi phi tit
kim c chiu di v din tch ng giao thng.
*H thng cp nc trong khu vc d n
+Cp nc sinh hot cho cn b cng nhn vin lm vic
+Cp nc cha chy
+ Cp nc v sinh, ti nc, ti ng.
Mng cp nc sinh hot s c cp nh k theo gi trong ngy.
Mng cp nc phc v cho phng chy cha chy c b tr 06 hng cu
ha cho mi nh my, m bo bn knh hot ng trn di 100m.
*H thng thot nc:
Thit k h thng thot nc tch ri gia nc thi v nc ma. Trong
nc thi vn phi qua b h thng x l trc khi c chung vo h thng thot
nc cng cng.
*H thng ngun in.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

in cn thit cho hot ng sn xut, chiu sang, sinh hot v an ninh ca d

n s c cung cp t li in quc gia. Cng ty s k hp ng vi cung cp in
vi in lc Hng Yn.
Tnh ton nh cu dng in gm.
+ Tng cng sut t cho my mc thit b v chiu sang khu vc sn xut c
d n.
+ Cng sut ca khu nh n, nh vn phng, khu sinh hot ca cn b cng
nhn vin ca cng ty.
+ Chiu sng ng
+ Bm nc (sch v bn).
ng dy s c ni theo cc trc ng giao thng.

H thng n chiu sng.

H thng chiu sang ng c b tr n cao p nh sang trng c cng sut

250W lp t trn nh ct n. Vic chiu sang ng c s dng loi ct n mt
cn n, m bo khong cch gia cc ct l 50m.
Cc cng trnh ph tr khc:
H thng cy xanh,thm c:
Cy bng mt c trng dc cc ng giao thng, xung quanh nh my,
vn cy xanh nh lm vic, nh , bi xe.
Thm c c trng trn cc phn bi trng ca nh my theo thit k trng cy,
thm c.
- Cc hng mc phc v sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v, nh:
+ u t xy dng 2 nh xng sn xut nha: nh xng s 1- Vp iu hnh
vi din tch l 4.284m2, nh xng 2 vi din tch l 6.240m2.
+ Cng chnh Nh bo v: 50m2.
+ct c: 15m2
+ Nh xe cng nhn: 195 m2
+Nh xe khi vn phng: 163 m2
+ Trm in: 25 m2
+ B x l nc thi sinh hot: 25 m2
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

+ Cng ph- cng nhp hng: 15 m2

+ Nh my nn kh: 30m2
+ Thp nc: 15m2
+ Nh v sinh nam- n: 45m2
+ Mi che: 360m2
+ B nc cu ha: 25m2
+ B nc ngm 40m2
+ Trm x l nc sch: 30m2
+ ng b tng, ng nha, sn vn, khun vin: 11.508m 2
1.5. Quy m/cng sut, thi gian hot ng ca c s
* Sn phm v cng sut hot ng.
Sn phm ca cng ty l cc loi nh nha ph tng t, xe my, Ph tng
ng ng PVC, Sn phm in lnh, Thng cha cc loi, Sn phm in gia
dng.....Cng sut hot ng ca cng ty c trnh by trong bng 1.5

Bng 1.5. Sn lng trung bnh trong nm ca Cng ty

Sn
Thnh tin
Tn sn phm
n v
lng/nm
nha ph tng t,
sn phm/nm
4.000.000
xe my
sn phm/nm
500.000
Ph tng ng ng PVC

Sn phm in lnh

Thng cha cc loi

Sn phm in gia dng:

TT
1

sn phm/nm
sn phm/nm
sn phm/nm

300.000
300.000
8500

*Nm n v i vo hot ng
Cng ty i vo hot ng t 4/2012
K t ngy cp giy chng nhn u t
1.6. Cng ngh sn xut/vn hnh ca c s
1.6.1. Loi hnh sn xut:

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Sn xut kinh doanh XNK t, xe gn my, cc phng tin giao thng vn

ti; sn xut, ti ch cc sn phm v phng tin vn ti bao gm c ph tng, linh
kin qua s dng; sn xut, kinh doanh XNK cc mt hng in, in t, in lnh
in my; sn xut kinh doanh, XNK cc mt hng g gia dng, dng gia nh,
cc mt hng th cng m ngh; sn xut kinh doanh, XNK cc mt hng vt liu xy
dng, ca an ton chng trm; sn xut v ng chai nc ung c cn, nc ung c
gas, nc ung b dng.
1.6.2. Cng ngh sn xut
* Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut:

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Quy trnh sn xut ca X nghip c trnh by trn hnh 1.1.

B PHN SN XUT SN
PHM NHA
Nguyn liu nha, mu v
cc cht ph gia
Kim tra u vo

Nhp kho

Ch to cc sn phm
nha(my p phun)

Kim tra cht lng

Lp rp
hon thin
sn phm

Kim tra
cht lng

Nhp kho

Cung cp cho khch

hng

H thng nc cng ngh

lm ngui khun my
c tun hon khp kn

Hnh 1.1. S cng ngh sn xut ht nha cao cp

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Quy trnh sn xut:

Nguyn liu nha, mu, cc cht ph gia My p, my phun Lp rp
sn phm
Trc tin nguyn liu c a vo ni cp liu, t ni cp liu a vo
my nghin tin hnh nghin s cp, sau sau o nguyn liu c nghin
th qua bng ti c a vo my nghin phn kch tin hnh nghin nh,
nguyn liu sau c chuyn n my p v phun, sn phm c lm mt
trc khi chuyn n b phn lp rp hon thin sn phm
Dy truyn sn xut ny l loi dy truyn c quy trnh t ng ho cao,
tit kim nng lng, sn sn phm t cht lng tt,
1.7. My mc, thit b, nguyn liu, nhin liu, vt liu s dng cho hot ng sn
xut/kinh doanh/dch v ca c s
1.7.1. My mc, thit b
Bng 1.6. Danh mc my mc, thit b ca Cng ty
Stt

Tn thit b

n v

S
lng

n gi

Thnh tin

Cu trc 10 tn

Ci

2.300.000

4.600.000

Qut dc trc cp kh ti

Ci

16

2.125

34.000

Qut ly tm ht khu v sinh

Ci

12.000

24.000

Trung tm bo chy

H
thng

330.000

330.000

Vn thng

Ci

75.000

150.000

Thit b trm bin p

H
thng

1.014.000

1.014.000

My p phun cc loi

Ton
b

20.800.000

20.800.000

Dy chuyn lp rp

H
thng

100.000

200.000

My iu khin nhit
khun

Ci

130.000

390.000

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

10

My ht ht t ng

Ci

20.000

100.000

11

My lm lnh nc 40 tn
lnh

Ci

750.000

750.000

12

My nn kh

Ci

350.000

350.000

13

Thp gia nhit

Ci

30.000

90.000

14

Phu sy nguyn liu

Ci

80.000

160.000

15

My hn siu m

Ci

150.000

150.000

16

My trn nguyn liu

Ci

50.000

100.000

17

T sy nguyn liu

Ci

60.000

120.000

18

My tin sn phm

Ci

40.000

40.000

19

My bm cu ha

Ci

100.000

300.000

20

Thit b vn phng

Ton
b

800.000

800.000

Tng gi tr

30.502.000

Ngun: Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp

Khi i vo hot ng vi 100% my mc thit b mi
1.7.2. Nguyn liu, nhin liu, vt liu
a. Nguyn liu, vt liu
Bng 1.7. Nhu cu nguyn liu ca Cng ty.
TT

Tn nguyn liu

n v

S lng

Ngun cung cp

1
2
3
4
5

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

b. Nhu cu nhin liu sn xut

Bng 1.8. Nhu cu nhin liu sn xuts ca Cng ty
TT

Tn nhin liu

in

Nc cp

n v

Khi lng

KWh

200.000

m3/thng

3.000

Ngun cung cp

1.8. Tnh hnh thc hin cng tc bo v mi trng ca c s trong thi gian
qua
- Cha xy dng khu vc tp kt than nguyn liu m bo v sinh.
- Cha x l trit nc thi sn xut v nc thi t h thng x l kh thi
l hi ca c s.
- Cha ng k ch ngun thi cht thi rn nguy hi.
- Cha k kt hp ng x l cht thi nguy hi vi n v c chc nng x l
theo quy nh ca nh nc.
- Cha thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng nh k
- Cha lm th tc cp php khai thc v s dng ti nguyn nc.
- Cha lm th tc cp giy php x nc thi vo ngun tip nhn.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Chng 2
M T CC NGUN CHT THI, CC VN MI TRNG KHNG
LIN QUAN N CHT THI CA C S V BIN PHP QUN L/X
L
2.1. Ngun cht thi rn thng thng
2.1.1. Ngun pht sinh
+ Cht thi rn sn xut:
Cht thi sn xut ca Cng ty c tnh khong 120 kg/thng. Lng cht thi rn sn
xut tnh theo % tng s nguyn liu nhp vo theo thng. Trong 1 thng cng ty nhp
khu trung bnh khong 1.700 kg (cn ty thuc vo tng thng). Lng cht thi rn
c tnh bng 7% tng nguyn liu nhp.
M = (7 x 1700) : 100 = 119 (kg)
Thnh phn cht thi bao gm: u mu nha tha, ba carton vn, bao da hng, ti
nilon hng,cc cht thi trn sinh ra trong qu trnh gia cng sn phm. Cc loi
cht thi trn c thnh phn tr vi mi trng nn kh nng gy tc ng n mi
trng xung quanh l khng ng k. Mt khc, cc loi cht thi trn c phn loi
ti s dng hoc giao cho Cng ty k hp ng x l nh k khng thi ra mi
trng.
+ Cht thi rn sinh hot:
Cht thi rn bao gm: cht thi sinh hot v cht thi nguy hi. C th:
- Cht thi sinh hot ch yu cc cht thi hu c pht sinh trong qu trnh sinh
hot ca cn b cng nhn vin.
+ Lng cn b cng nhn ca Cng ty l 313 ngi
+ Lng cht thi rn bnh qun l: 0,5 kg/ngi/ngy
Nh vy tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot thi ra trong ngy s l:
Qrc thi = 313(ngi) x 0,5 (kg/ngi/ngy) = 156,5 kg/ngy
Lng rc ny s c thu gom vo cc thng cha, s dng xe chuyn dng
vn chuyn n ni thu gom rc thi ca Nh my v thu n v c chc nng vn
chuyn v x l theo quy nh.
2.1.2. Cc bin php gim thiu
+ Cht thi rn sn xut:

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Theo phn tch v tnh ton, ngun cht thi rn pht sinh do cc hot ng ca d n
bao gm cht thi bao gm:
+ Cc ming nha c loi ra t qu trnh sn xut trn s c tn dng dng
vo sn xut cc sn phm c kch thc nh dng rp ni, lin kt mt s chi tit.
Cc mnh vn cn li khng ti s dng cho dy chuyn sn xut, c thu gom v
bn cho mt s c s thu mua ph liu.
+ Ph thi t qu trnh hn c thu gom vo cc thng cha v c bn cho
cc s s ti ch ph liu.
+ Cht thi rn sinh hot:
i vi rc sinh hot cng c thu gom, phn loi ti cc thng cha rc c
np y, b tr cc khu vn phng v nh xng sn xut, cui ngy c cng nhn
v sinh mi trng thu gom v khu vc tp trung ca Cng ty.
K hp ng vi n v chuyn thu gom rc thi a phng vn chuyn n
ni x l theo qui nh.
2.2. Ngun cht thi lng
2.2.1. Ngun pht sinh
Nc thi ca Cng ty gm nc ma chy trn, nc thi sinh hot
+ Nc ma chy trn:
Nc ma t lm nhim mi trng, tuy nhin nc ma chy trn b mt t s
cun theo cc cht bn nh: t, ct, bixung h thng thot nc v thng tp trung
vi khi lng ln trong thi gian ngn.
Nc ma chy trn c thu gom chy vo h thng cng thot nc c cc h
ga thu gom cn lng trc khi thi vo h thng thot nc chung ca khu vc. Cho nn
phn ln lng ct bi c trong nc ma chy trn s b lng ng ti cc h ga,
lm gim lng cht cn, l lng c trong nc ma chy trn trn mi trng nc khu
vc l khng ng k.
Tnh lu lng nc ma chy trn
Khi d n i vo hot ng, c s h tng hon chnh nn kh nng thm
nc ma rt thp.
Nc ma chy trn qua b mt khu vc d n, lu lng nc ma c tnh
da trn lng ma thng ln nht trong nhng nm gn y.
Q = A.F (m3/thng)
Trong :
Q: lu lng nc ma chy trn (m3/thng)
A: Lu lng nc ma thng ln nht, 496mm 0,496m
F: Din tc khu vc xy dng d n, 23.089m2
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Vy lng nc ma chy trn qua b mt khu vc xy dng d n l

11452.144 (m3/thng)
V c bn th nc ma c quy c sch nu khng chy trn qua cc khu vc
nhim, nng cc cht nhim trong nc ma nh bng .
Bng 2.1. Nng cht nhim trong nc ma
Stt
Thnh phn
Nng (mg/l)
1
2

Tng Nit
Tng phospho

0,5 - 1,5
0,004 - 0,03

3
4

COD
10 - 20
TSS
10 - 20
Ngun: Cp thot nc - Hong Hu

H thng thot nc ma s c Cng ty xy dng hon chnh m bo vic

thot nc ma trong ton b nh my.
+ Nc thi sinh hot:
Nc thi sinh hot c cha hm lng cht hu c cao, cn l lng, cc vi
khun gy bnh, nu khng c x l tt s lm cho ngun tip nhn b ph dng
gy nhim mi trng nc. -Nc thi ca nh my pht sinh t khu nh bp v khu
v sinh. Lng nc ny c thu gom theo h thng cng dn vo h thng x l nc
thi sinh hot ca Nh my, lng nc thi sau x l c xung ao iu ha ca
cng ty sau theo h thng cng trong cm cng nghip thi ra thy vc tip nhn.
Tc ng xu ca cc cht n mi trng nh sau:
-Cc hp cht hu c: L cc hp cht protein, hidratcacbon, cht bo, ng thc vt. cc
hp cht ny s lm suy gim oxy ha ha tan trong nc dn n suy thoi ti nguyn
thy sn v lm gim cht lng nc cp sinh hot. Ngoi ra c hp cht hu c c
trong mc in rt kh phn hy sinh hc ln c th gy nhim lu di cho ngun tip
nhn.
-Amoniac NH3: Amoniac trong nc tn ti dng NH 3 v NH4. Cng vi pht pht
thc y qu trnh ph dng ca nc. NH3 c tnh c cao hn NH4, vi nng 0,01
mg/l NH3 gy c cho c qua ng mu, nng 0,2 0,5 mg/l gy c cp tnh.
-Nitrat NO3-: Nitrat l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh phn hy cc hp cht hu c c
cha Nit. Trong nc t nhin, nng Nitrat thng < 5mg/l, khi hm lng ny trong
nc> 10mg/l s lm cho rong to d pht trin, gy nh hng xu n cht lng nc
sinh hot v nui trng thy sn.
Bn thn nitrat khng c c tnh, nhng trong c th n b chuyn ha thnh
nitrit NO2- ri kt hp vi mt s cht khc c th to thnh cc hp cht nitrozo l cc
cht c kh nng gy ung th.
Hm lng NO3- trong nc cao, nu ung phi s gy bnh thiu mu, lm tr
xanh xao do chc nng ca hemoglobin b gim.
- Phosphat: nng phosphate trong mng nc khng nhim thng nh hn
0,01 mg/l. Bn thn phosphate khng phi l cht gy dc, nhng qu cao trong nc, s
gy ra hin tng ph dng, lm gim cht lng nc.
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Bng 2.2. Ti lng cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi

TT

Cht nhim

1
2
3
4
5

BOD5
Cht rn l lng (SS)
Tng cht rn ha tan (TDS)
Nitrat (NO3-)
Phosphat (PO43-)

H s cht nhim
(g/ngi/ngy)
45 54
70 142
170 220
6 12
0,6 4,5

Ti lng (kg/ngy)
1,8 2,16
2,8 5,8
6,8 8,8
0,24 0,48
0,024 0,18

Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh do v sinh ca cng nhn. Lu lng nc thi
sinh hot thi vo mi trng c tnh nh sau:
Theo tiu chun 20/TCN ca B Xy dng p dng mc nc s dng cho sinh
hot ca 1 cng nhn lm vic trong ca sn xut trong ngy l 45/lt/ngi/ngy v
lng nc dng cho nh n tp th tnh cho mt ngi vi mt ba n l 25lt/ngi.
S lng nhn vin ca nh my hin ti l 352 ngi, lng nc thi sinh
hot pht sinh hng ngy l:
Q1= 313 ngi * 45 lt/ngi /ca * 1ca =14.085lt/ca
Lng nc thi t bp n tp th:
Q2 = 313 ngi * 25 lt/ngi = 7.825 lt
Vy tng lng nc thi sinh hot:
Q = Q1 + Q1 = 14.085+ 7.825= 21.910 lt = 21,910 m3
Thnh phn ca nc thi sinh hot gm: COD, BOD5, NH3, cc cht dinh
dng (N, P), SS , DS, cht bo, vi khun,
Lng nc thi pht sinh c tnh bng 85% lng nc sinh hot nn bng khong:
85% x 21,910 = 18,6235 m3/ngy
+ Nc thi sn xut: hin ti cng ty khng pht sinh ngun nc thi sn xut.
2.2.2. Ngun tip nhn nc thi
Nc ma, nc thi sinh hot sau khi x l c thi ra cng chung ca Cng
ty v thot ra ng ng thot nc ca khu vc.
2.2.3. H thng x l nc thi
+ X l nc ma chy trn:
Hin ti Cng ty mi ch xy dng h thng thu gom nc ma v dn ra cng
chung ca khu vc. Nc ma chy trn trn sn c thu gom bng h thng ng
mng c chiu su so vi mt bng l 60 cm, rng 40 cm c h ga lng cn, np an
BTCT. H thng c b tr xy dng dc theo khu t Cng ty; mt bng sn cng
nghip v mt bng sn khu vn phng, nh xng c dc i = 5%. Nc ma sau
khi tp trung vo cng thu gom chung s c dn ra cng thot nc ca khu vc. H
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

thng thot nc ma c thit k m bo thot nc tt vi lng ma ln nht

ca khu vc.
+ X l nc thi sinh hot:
S h thng thu gom v x l nc thi sinh hot ca Cng ty c trnh
by trn hnh 2.1.
NTSH

B pht 3 ngn

Cng chung ca Cng ty

Nc ra
tay chn
Cng thot nc chung
ca khu vc

Hnh 2.1. S h thng thu gom nc thi sinh hot

Nc thi sinh hot t nh v sinh ca cn b cng nhn vin c x l bng
b pht 3 ngn trc khi x vo cng chung ca Cng ty. H thng b pht c tng th
tch 18,6235 m3 vi thi gian lu 3 ngy c b tr xy dng ngm ti khu vc vn
phng v nh v sinh. H thng b pht hin c kh nng x l nc thi sinh hot
ca CBCNV trong Cng ty.

Hnh 2.2. S h thng x l nc thi sinh hot bng b pht 3 ngn

Nguyn tc vn hnh: Nc thi th c a vo ngn th nht ca b, c vai
tr lm ngn lng - ln men k kh, ng thi iu ho lu lng v nng cht bn
trong dng nc thi. Nh cc vch ngn hng dng, nhng ngn tip theo, nc
thi chuyn ng theo chiu t di ln trn, tip xc vi cc vi sinh vt k kh trong
lp bn hnh thnh y b trong iu kin ng. Cc cht bn hu c c cc vi
sinh vt hp th v chuyn ho, lm ngun dinh dng cho s pht trin ca chng.
Cng nh cc ngn ny, cng trnh tr thnh mt dy b phn ng k kh c b tr
ni tip, cho php tch ring hai pha (ln men axt v ln men kim). Qun th vi sinh
vt trong tng ngn s khc nhau v c iu kin pht trin thun li. nhng ngn
u, cc vi khun to axt s chim u th, trong khi nhng ngn sau, cc vi khun
to metal s l ch yu.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Vi quy trnh vn hnh ny, cho php tng thi gian lu bn v nh vy hiu
sut x l tng trong khi lng bn cn x l li gim. Cc ngn cui cng l ngn lc
k kh, c tc dng lm sch b sung nc thi. Cc vi sinh vt k kh gn bm trn b
mt cc ht ca lp vt liu lc ngn cn l lng tri ra theo nc. Nc thi sau h
thng x l t QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT
nh k, 6 thng Cng ty cho no vt b m bo khng gy nhim cho khu vc.
2.2.4. Kt qu phn tch mi trng nc thi
nh gi tc ng ca nc thi trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut, Cng ty
kt hp vi n v t vn ly mu v phn tch. Kt qu c th c trnh by trn
bng 2.1.

TT

Ch tiu

Bng 2.3. Kt qu phn tch nc thi

Phng php
Kt qu
n v

TCVN
6492:1999

7,13

TSS

mg/l

TCVN 60011:2008

29,8

BOD5

mg/l

TCVN
6625:2000

70

Tng cht rn
ha tan

mg/l

TCVN
4560:1988

389

Sun fua (tnh

thao H2S)

mg/l

8331 HACH

0,01

Amoni(tnh
theo N)

mg/l

TCVN
4563:1988

1,57

NO3- (tnh theo

N)

mg/l

TCVN
6494:1999

0,014

Du m ng,
thc vt

mg/l

EPA 1664

2,062

Cht hot ng
b mt

mg/l

TCVN66221:2000

0,094

10

PO43- ( tnh theo

P)

mg/l

TCVN6202:2008

0,031

11

Tng coliform

TCVN61782:1996

5.000

Ph

MPN/100ml

QCVN
14:2008/BTN
MT
(Ct B)
5,0 9,0
50
100
1000
4
10
50
20
10
10
5.000

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot
ca B TN v MT.
Nhn xt: Qua kt qu phn tch ta thy cc ch tiu ca nc thi t QCVN
14:2008/BTNMT
2.3. Ngun cht thi kh
2.3.1. Ngun pht sinh
Ngun pht sinh cc cht gy nhim mi trng khng kh trong qu trnh sn
xut v gia cng cc sn phm ca nh my, bao gm:
- Bi v kh thi pht sinh t hot ng giao thng vn ti, cng on c l, ct, hn.
- Ting n pht sinh cc cng on tho d nguyn liu, ct, x, c
y l nhng ngun gy nhim n mi trng khng kh ti Nh my.
Trong ting n l ngun gy nhim chnh, do cn phi c cc bin php
gim thiu ti a ting n, ch yu pht sinh t qu trnh vn chuyn v cng on ct,
c to hnh sn phm.
* nhim bi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut
Nh phn tch phn trn, giai on vn hnh, bi pht sinh t quy trnh
sn xut ca Nh my ch yu do:
+ Hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn liu. Qu trnh sn xut
khng pht sinh bi.
+ Bi pht sinh trong qu trnh tho d v ng gi nguyn liu.
Song cc cng on sn xut u t ng v khp kn nn lng bi pht sinh l
rt nh v khng gy nhiu tc hi ti sc khe.
* nhim kh thi do cc phng tin vn chuyn
Kh thi c hi ca ng c nu tp trung nng cao c th dn ti hu qu
xu nh cc cht c xm nhp vo c th, tc dng ln ng tiu ho, h h hp, h
tun hon, tng cng lng cht c trong mu, c ch kh nng vn chuyn oxi
trong mu, khng ch hot ng ca mt s loi hoocmon, lm ri lon hot ng ca
mt s c quan chc nng.
Cc kh c sinh ra trong qu trnh hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn
nh CO, SO2, NOx,. Tc ng c th ca chng n con ngi v mi trng sinh thi
nh sau:
+ Cacbon oxit CO
y l cht gy ngt do n c i lc vi Hemoglobin trong mu mnh hn oxy
nn n chim ch ca oxy trong mu gy thiu oxy cho c th. V vy CO gy ra
chng mt, au u, bun nn, ngt v gy ri lon nhp tim. Vi nng 250 ppm,
CO c th gy t vong. Ngi lao ng lm vic lin tc trong khu vc c nng
CO cao s b ng c mn tnh, thng b xanh xao, gy yu. Gii hn nng cho
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

php ca CO trong khu vc sn xut l 40 mg/m 3, nu CO c nng cao hn 100 ppm

s gy ra hin tng xon l lm cht cy non.
+ Oxyt lu hunh SO2
L nhng cht nhim kch thch, thuc loi nguy him nht trong cc cht nhim
khng kh. nng thp SO2 c th gy co git c trn ca kh qun. Mc ln hn
s gy tng tit dch nim mc ng h hp trn. SO 2 c coi l cht gy nhim trong
h sunfua oxit, l cc cht kh gy kch thch mnh, gy ri lon chuyn ho protein v
ng, gy thiu vitamin B, vitamin C v c ch enzym oxydaza. Gii hn nng SO 2
cho php trong khu vc sn xut theo Q 3733/2002/Q-BYT l 10 mg/m3, trong khng
kh xung quanh v khu dn c theo QCVN 05-2009 l 0,35 mg/m3.
+ Nitdioxyt NO2
Kh NO2 l hp cht c tnh oxy ho mnh, pht sinh ch yu t chui phn ng
cc tm ca oxy vi hidrocacbon trong kh thi ng c. Kh NO 2 c bit n nh
mt cht gy kch thch vim ty v c tc ng n h h hp. Hin nay kh NO 2
trong khng kh c xem l cht c hi tim tng gy bnh vim x phi mn tnh,
tuy nhin cha c s liu nh lng y v vn ny. Gii hn cho php ca kh
NO2 trong khng kh ti khu vc sn xut theo Q 3733/2002/Q-BYT l 10 mg/m 3,
trong khng kh xung quanh v khu dn c theo QCVN 05-2009 l 0,2 mg/m3.
+ Cacbon dioxyt CO2 : CO2 iu kin thng thng l mt loi kh tr khng
mu, khng mi v khng dn in, c khi lng phn t gp 1.5 ln so vi khng
kh. Gii hn nng SO2 cho php trong khu vc sn xut theo Q 3733/2002/QBYT l 1800 mg/m3.
* nhim hi hu c: Hi nha pht sinh ch yu t b phn gia nhit, to ht. Do
nguyn liu ca c s sn xut l ht nha PP nn trong qu trnh sn xut di tc dng
ca nhit, s ph v cu trc ca cc ht nha, lm cho cc ht nha nng chy, cc cht
hu c bay hi pht thi vo mi trng khng kh.
2.3.2. Cc bin php gim thiu tc ng ca kh thi.
gim thiu tc ng ca bi v kh thi, ch c s s dng cc bin php
gim thiu nh sau:
- i vi kh thi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut khng c cc bin php
gim thiu m ch c cc bin php phng c cho cng nhn sn xut nh eo khu
trang phng c, lun to khng kh thong mt ti ni sn xut.
B tr cc h thng thng gi cc b ti tt c cc v tr lm vic ca cng nhn
(qut trc cng nghip, qut bn, qut trn).
Chng nng.
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Cc bin php k thut chng nng p dng s kt hp cht ch gi thng gi

t nhin v thng gi c kh, gia thng gi chng nng vi thng gi chng bi v
hi kh c.
Vic thi mt cho ngi lao ng phi hp l, khng c nh hng ti hiu
qu thu bt ca cc h thng ht bi, hi kh c v khng c phn tn cc cht
nhim ra khu vc xung quanh.
i vi cc ngun nhit cc b s c bin php kt hp gia cch ly ngun
nhit hn ch s lan to ra mi trng chung ca phn xng v cc h thng thng
gi ht thi lng nhit ra ngoi.
Cc bin php chng bi v hi kh c.
Hu ht cc ngun bi v hi kh c trong dy chuyn sn xut u c b tr
cc h thng thng gi cc b, thit b x l hi kh c.
Kh bi pht sinh s c ht lc, qut gi thng thong v trang b phng h
trong cng nghip. Phn cn li khc phc bng cc trang b phng h trc tip cho
cng nhn.
2.3.3. Kt qu phn tch nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh
nh gi tc ng ca bi, kh thi v ting n i vi mi trng, Cng ty
kt hp vi n v t vn ly mu, phn tch. Kt qu c th c trnh by trn bng
2.4

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Bng 2.4. Kt qu phn tch mi trng khng kh

TT

Ch tiu

n v

K1

K2

Q
QCVN
3733/200
052
2009

Nhit

oC

31,6

31,3

32

67,6

70,6

80

Tc gi

m/s

0,5

0,2

nh sng

lux

1590

1356

Ting n
Laeq

dBA

59,5

53,1

LAmax

61,1

57,4

LAmin

55,2

52,3

Bi l lng
(1h)

g/m3

Bi l lng
max

310

260

478

384

QCV
QCVN
N 2619-2009
2010

500
85

75

6.000

300

400

CO

g/m3

1087

1162

40.000

30.000

1.000

SO2

g/m3

29,60

38,20

10.000

350

1.500

NO2

g/m3

21,4

31,9

10.000

200

1.000

QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT-Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh

xung quanh.
QCVN 19:2009/BTNM-Quy chun k thut quc gia v bi v cc cht v c
trong kh thi cng nghip.
Quyt nh: S 3733/2002/Q-BYT ca B trng B y t k ngy 10 thng
10 nm 2002 v vic ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07
thng s v sinh lao ng.
QCVN 26:2010. Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.
Nhn xt: Qua kt qu phn tch cho thy:
+ Cc ch tiu vi kh hu, cc cht c hi trong mi trng lm vic v mi
trng khng kh xung quanh hu ht di tiu chun quy nh.
+ Ting n ti cc v tr quan trc nm trong tiu chun cho php.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

+ nh sng ti cc v tr quan trc t tiu chun v sinh lao ng ca B y t.

+ Ngoi khu vc sn xut: ting n ti cc v tr quan trc c mc n nh hn
tiu chun ting n khu vc cng cng v dn c.
+ Trong khu vc sn xut: nng cc kh CO, NO2, SO2 ti cc v tr ly mu
c gi tr nh hn tiu chun cho php. Nng bi ti 1 v tr ly mu c gi tr nh
hn tiu chun v sinh lao ng ca B Y t.
+ Ngoi khu vc sn xut: cc ch tiu CO, NO2, SO2 v bi ti cc v tr ly
mu c gi tr nh hn quy chun: QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT.
Do cc ch tiu khng gy nh hng ti mi trng v cng nhn vin
trong cng ty cng nh khu vc xung quanh.
2.4. Ngun cht thi nguy hi
- Cht thi nguy hi: ch yu l cc bavia, mu nha vn, nha, gi lau m dnh
du, bng n hunh quang, hp cha ha cht, bng thm du tha do qu
trnh gia cng c kh thi pht sinh ra. Nh my tn dng ti a nhng mu nha c
th s dng c cho cc cng on cn cc chi tit nh, vi cc chi tit khng tn
dng c s c thu gom vo kho v bn li cho cc c s ti ch li. Ngoi ra g
vn, g hng pht sinh trong qu trnh ng gi sn phm v tho r sn phm. Cc
ph thi ny u c thu gom v x l theo ng quy trnh.
Cht thi loi ny s c ch d n qun l mt cch cht ch, khng tht
thot r r ra ngoi mi trng v c bin php x l hp l.
2.5. Ngun ting n, rung
Ting n thng pht sinh t cc my mc, thit b nh: my mc, my khoan,
my tin... Ngoi ra, ting n cn pht sinh t cc phng tin ca CBCNV, cc
phng tin giao thng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v vn chuyn sn phm.
Theo kt qu o nhanh ti hin trng cho thy mc n chung o c ti khu
vc cng vo Cng ty l 59,5 dBA (nm trong TCCP i vi QCVN 26/2010/BTNMT,
mc n ti phn xng sn xut l 53,1 dBA (nm trong TCCP i vi mi trng lao
ng). Nh vy, tc ng ca ting n trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut l khng ln.
+Bin php gim thiu ting n :
hn ch n mc thp nht ting n trong qu trnh sn xut Cng ty s la
chn cc bin php chnh nh sau:
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

- Thi gian sn xut ch yu hot ng trong gi hnh chnh, trong trng hp

tng ca theo yu cu ca tng n t hng th vic tin hnh sn xut vo gi tra,
ban m ch tin hnh lm cc cng vic khng pht sinh ting n.
- Thc hin lp t my mc, thit b ng yu cu k thut nhm lm gim chn
ng khi hot ng nh: Xy dng b my ring cho mi loi my, cn bng my khi
lp t, lp cc b tt chn ng lc, dng cc kt cu n hi gim rung,...
- B tr khong cch gia cc my mc, thit b c n ln hp l.
- Thng xuyn bo dng cc my mc, thit b m bo my lun trong
tnh trng hot ng tt.
- Thit k cc b phn gim m cho cc loi my c n ln nh: my ct, my
dp, my cn, my nh bng, my chm khc, my khoan, ...
- Trang b cho cng nhn vn hnh cc trang thit b chng n nh nt bt tai,
qun o bo h
- Thc hin cc gii php k thut hn ch s lan truyn ting n nh: bung
cch m, tm cch m.
- Trng cy xanh xung quanh khu vc sn xut, nh xng nhm lm gim kh
nng lan truyn ca ting n ra mi trng xung quanh.
- C k hoch kim tra v theo di cht ch vic s dng cc phng php gim
thiu tc ng ca ting n m n v t ra.
- i vi cc loi xe c nhn, ra vo cng phi dt xe, tt my. Cc loi xe vn
chuyn nguyn liu, sn phm phi gim tc v theo ni quy ca Cng ty. Bin
php ny mng li hiu qu tt.
2.6. Cc vn mi trng, vn kinh t - x hi do c s to ra khng lin
quan n cht thi
Qu trnh hot ng ca cng ty khng c cc vn mi trng, vn kinh tx hi c s to ra khng lin quan n cht thi nh: Xi mn, trt, st, l, ln t;
xi l b sng, b sui, b h, b bin; thay i mc nc mt, nc ngm; xm nhp
mn; xm nhp phn; suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng vt l v sinh hc; bin i
a dng sinh hc v cc vn mi trng khc khng lin quan n cht thi.
Vi vic u t vo nh my sn xut nha cao cp c nh gng tc ng tch
cc n s pht trin v iu kin kinh t x hi ti a phng. Tuy nhin Nh my
s dng mt lng ln lao ng cng s nh hng n an ninh trt t trn a bn x
Liu X. hn ch nhng tc ng xu n trt t an ninh x hi Nh my cn thc
hin cc bin php sau:
-

Thc hin k khai tm tr, tm vng cho ngi lao ng t cc a phng

khc n nhm qun l cc hot ng ca h ti a phng.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

u tin thu cng nhn lm vic ngay ti a phng, va gp phn gii quyt
cng n vic lm cho lao ng a phng, va gim c p lc v qun l
nhn s.

X l nghim khc cc trng hp vi phm n ni quy, gy mt an ninh, trt

t x hi.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Chng 3.
K HOCH XY DNG, VN HNH TH NGHIM CC CNG TRNH
X L CHT THI
3.1. K hoch xy dng
3.1.1. Cng trnh x l nc thi tp trung
Cc cng ngh chnh c s dng trong cng trnh x l nc thi:
1. Cng ngh sinh hc c s dng lm ch o: S dng cc chng vi sinh vt
sng trong nc trong iu kin hiu kh v k kh c kh nng phn hu sinh hc.
Cc chng vi sinh vt s dng ngun thc n l cc cht hu c nhim trong
nc thI v chuyn chng thnh sinh khi t bo vi sinh vt.
2. Cng ngh x l cp 3: bng qu trnh lng v kh trng dng x l khi nc
thi cha t tiu chun v cc ch tiu mi trng cho php trc khi thi ra mi
trng xung quanh
S cng ngh x l nc thi c trnh by nh sau:

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

NC THI
SINH HOT

R THU RC

NC MA

RC

B IU HA
Bm
nc thi

N
c
tron
g

B SINH HC)
Tun
hon
bn

B LNG

Bm
bn

B CHA
BN

B KH
TRNG

Bn dung
dch kh
trng

MC II
NC SAU X L
T QCVN
14;2008/BTNMT
XE HT BN

Hnh 3.1. S cng ngh HTXLNT sinh hot

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

a. Cc hng mc chnh ca h thng x l nc thi

HTXLNT sinh hot bao gm cc hng mc chnh sau y:
- B iu ho (b thu gom ym kh): Nc thi sau khi i qua song chn rc c
tp trung ti b i ha nc thi. B iu ho ng vai tr iu ho lu lng nc
thi i vo cc h thng tip theo m bo s n nh ca h thng x l (do lu
lng nc thi ra ca nh my ph thuc nhiu vo qu trnh sn xut ca nh my).
- B iu ho: nhim v trung chuyn nc, n nh nng v lu lng trc
khi nc thi i vo h thng x l;
- B sinh hc: ng vai tr quan trng trong h thng x l.
- B lng: B ny dng thu hi lng bn sinh ra b sinh hc.
B tch bn: Bn thu c t h thng b lng c a sang b tch
bn tch ly nc v phn bn kh.
B kh trng: Nc y c kh trng m bo nc thu c
sau x l t tiu chun QCVN 14:2909/BTNMT mc B Quy chun k thut quc
gia v nc thi sinh hot.
H thng chun b ho cht bao gm: cc thit b pha trn ho cht,
thng cha, bm vn chuyn ho cht.
-

H thng thi kh ho trn.

Bm nc thi cc loi:

Bm bn cc loi:

Bm nh lng ho cht cc loi.

H thng iu khin t ng ho trung tm: bao gm h thng t iu

khin in, panel hin th.
-

H thng ng ng cng ngh.

H thng in ng lc.

b. Nguyn l hot ng
H thng x l nc thi sinh hot gm nhiu cng on c th hin nh
trn s cng ngh. Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng nh sau:
Nc thi sinh hot c dn vo b thu gom qua H thng song chn rc Inox.
H thng song chn rc c vai tr gi li cc rc thi rn kch thc ln nh: rc, ti
bng, mnh v.. y l bc x l s b nhm to iu kin hot ng hiu qu nht
cho cc cng on x l tip sau .
B iu ha c nhim v gim bt s dao ng ca hm lng cc cht bn
trong nc do qu trnh thi ra khng u, lm gim v ngn cn lng nc c nng
cc cht nhim cao i trc tip vo cng trnh x l sau n (c bit l cc cng
trnh x l sinh hc). ng thi bnh iu ha cn gi n nh lu lng nc i vo
cc cng trnh x l, b ny cn c thit k cc m sinh hc k kh s dng bng
si v gch s to iu kin cho mi trng vi sinh pht trin tt hn nhm phn hu
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

mt phn BOD ca nc thi. Tip theo nc nh bm cp 1 i vo b phi trn v

iu chnh pH trc khi c phn phi vo b lng s cp.
Ti B lng s cp, nc thi c n nh v bn cht v thnh phn. Cc cht
thi hu c thc hin vic thu phn v lng tch cn, lc ny nhit trong b c th
tng ng k do cc phn ng ho sinh sy ra vi cng cao. Sn phm l cc thi
ra ng thc vt (hu c) dng tan v huyn ph c chuyn sang B Aeroten. Phn
cn lng di y b c ly ra b thu bn v phn hu.
Nc trc khi sang b x l sinh hc. Cc cht rn, ct c lng v gi li
ti b iu ha k kh. B x l sinh hc c cha cc gi th nui vi sinh vt hiu kh.
Nguyn l hot ng ca B sinh hc l da trn kh nng xy ho v khong ho ca
cc loi vi sinh sng bm dnh trn cc gi th. iu kin quan trng giai on ny l
b phi c cp y v thng xuyn lng xy cn thit cho qu trnh sinh ho
din ra. Qu trnh sc kh (bng my thi kh) khng ch nhm mc ch cp xy
cho qu trnh xy ho m cn c tc dng duy tr s tip xc nhiu nht cc cht
nhim hu c vi cc vi sinh vt, to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh xy ho. Thi
gian lm vic ca giai on ny l 5 - 8 ting. Lu , qu trnh x l nc thi bng
phng php sinh hc ch din ra vi hiu qu cao trong iu kin nhit thch hp,
v vy h thng B x l sinh hc phi c thit k v xy lp mt cch khoa hc,
m bo vic kim sot nhit ,.,v.v. Trong B, vi sinh vt hiu kh gm vi khun,
nm, to, ng vt nguyn sinh (cu trc khng c nhn- ng vt bc thp nht),
ng vt a bo. Vi khun i din cho phng php x l nc thi l Zooglea
ramigea. Cc vi khun gii phng ra cht nht dnh, c kh nng lm thnh mng sinh
hc hay cht kt ta keo t. Ngoi ra cn c cc si t ca vi khun Sphaerotilus c
gi l si nc Water wool, nu vi khun ny mang rt nhiu cc si nc th cc cht
keo t tr nn qu nh, do ly n i c cn nh ti ra cng vi nc x l.
Mi quan h ca qu trnh xy ho, phn hu v tng trng nh gii thiu
theo s trn cho thy cht hu c (BOD) trong nc thi gim nhanh trong thi
gian hiu kh. Do cc phn ng lun lun xy ra, cht hu c BOD xem nh l cc
cht (dinh dng) s gim xung nn tc tng trng cng gim xung. Trong thi
gian ny qu trnh t xy ho xy ra tng i tt. Do s tng trng yu, qu trnh t
xy ho tt hn, nn lng vi sinh vt s gim xung u u. Sau cng on ny,
khong 90% BOD c trong nc thi s c phn hu.
Nc t b sinh hc c dn sang b Thu nc sau c phn phi sang
b lng. Ti B lng th cp, xc cc vi khun cht c tch khi b tip xc vi
nhau to thnh cc m bng cn v lng xung y b trong qu trnh x l. Phn
bn lng c chuyn ra ngoi ti B cha bn bng bm hi khi x l trung tm.
Nc trong b lng c thu bng phng hp thu gom b mt v c phn phi
sang B kh trng.
Sau khi ra khi b kh trng nc c m bo khng c mi v hon
ton sch vi sinh vt. Nc thi ra mi trng t tiu chun QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT
mc B Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot.

Tin thc hin : nm 2013 nh km theo tin thc hin

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Kinh ph d kin: Kinh ph d tr ci to h thng x l nc thi sn xut

khong 750 triu ng

Trch nhim thc hin: Nh my sn xut nha cao cp

3.2. K hoch vn hnh

H thng x l nc thi tp trung c xy dng trong nm 2013 vi thi gian
thc hin khong 5 thng. Sau khi h thng c xy dng xong, Ch u t l Nh
my sn xut nha cao cp phi kt hp vi n v t vn u t xy dng tin hnh
chy th h thng x l nc thi trong thi gian 1 thng. Trong qu trnh chy th
n v t vn tin hnh ly mu v phn tch nc thi sau x l vi tn sut 3
ln/thng. Cc ch tiu phn tch cng nh tiu chun so snh c p dng QCVN
14:2008/BTNMT mc B Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot.
Bng 3.1. Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot
Phng php
QCVN
TT
Ch tiu
n v
14:2008/BTN
MT
(Ct B)
TCVN
1 Ph
5,0 9,0
6492:1999
2

TSS

mg/l

TCVN 60011:2008

50

BOD5

mg/l

TCVN
6625:2000

100

Tng cht rn
ha tan

mg/l

TCVN
4560:1988

1000

Sun fua (tnh

thao H2S)

mg/l

Amoni(tnh
theo N)

mg/l

TCVN
4563:1988

10

NO3- (tnh theo

N)

mg/l

TCVN
6494:1999

50

Du m ng,
thc vt

mg/l

Cht hot ng
b mt

mg/l

10

PO43- ( tnh theo

P)

mg/l

11

Tng coliform

MPN/100ml

8331 HACH

EPA 1664
TCVN66221:2000
TCVN6202:2008
TCVN61782:1996

20
10
10
5.000

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

- Sau khi cht lng nc sau x l t t tiu chun QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT

mc B Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi sinh hot, n v t vn bn giao h
thng x l nc thi cho Nh my. H thng s c hot ng thng xuyn
m bo c cht lng nc thi theo ng cc quy nh ca Lut bo v mi
trng nm 2005 v cc tiu chun k thut hin hnh.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Chng 4.
K HOCH QUN L MI TRNG HNG NM
4.1. K hoch qun l cht thi
Giai
on ca
c s

Bng 4.1. K hoch qun l cht thi

Ngun Loi cht thi
Bin php
Kinh
pht
v tng
qun l/x l
ph d
sinh
lng/lu
kin
cht thi
lng
hng
nm

Thi
gian
thc
hin

Trch
nhim
thc
hin

(triu
ng)
1

Vn
hnh

T hot CTR:
ng sn (120kg/thng)
xut

Thu gom, phn

loi, bn cho c
s ti ch

Kh thi, ting Gim thiu ti

n
ngun

Theo
nh k

CTNH:
(239kg/nm

Thu gom, nh
c quan chc
nng x l

Hng
nm

T hot CTR:
ng
( 1m3/thng)
sinh hot

Thu gom, nh
c quan v sinh
th x l

12

Hng
thng

Nc
thi: X l bng b
3
(14,4m /thng) pht ri thi ra
cng chung ca
khu vc

06
thng 1
ln

Nh ,
my
sn
xut
nha
cao
cp

4.2. K hoch qun l cc vn mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi

Bng 4.2. K hoch qun l cc vn mi trng khng lin quan n cht thi

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Giai on
ca c s

Vn mi
trng

Bin php
qun l/x l

Kinh ph d
kin hng
nm

Trch nhim thc

hin

(triu ng)
1

Vn hnh

Nhit
m

Dng qut ht
cng nghip
thng gi cng
bc

65

Ch d n

4.3. K hoch ng ph s c
Giai
on
ca c
s

Loi
s c
c th
xy ra

Bng 4.3. K hoch ng ph s c

Bin php ng ph

Trch nhim thc

hin

+ Vic phng chy cha chy c thc

hin theo ng phng n c trnh
duyt. Cc bin php c th nh sau:
+ m bo mt bng Cng ty thng thong
thun li cho vic cu ho; treo cc
bng ni quy PCCC, bin cm la cc v
tr thch hp nhc nh cng nhn.
+ B tr cc thit b cha chy tt c cc
khu vc d xy ra chy n trong Cng ty,
bnh cha chy, m bo h thng cha
S c chy lun sn sng lm vic.
chy
+ H thng my mc, thit b hot ng
n
trong Cng ty u c tip t; h thng
in sn xut v chiu sng c lp t an
ton.
Vn

+ Thnh lp i thng trc phng chy,

cha chy vi nhim v thng xuyn

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

hnh

kim tra hiu lc ca cc phng tin

phng chy cha chy. T chc hun
luyn cng tc PCCC cho cng nhn hng
nm.

Ton b cn b
cng nhn vin

+ Ht sc cn thn khi s dng, sa cha

cc thit b p lc. Vic sa cha, ci to
phi theo cc phng n k thut c lp
ra mt cch cht ch, chi tit v c thc
hin bi nhng ngi, n v c y
nng lc, php nhn.

S c
x
dng + Ngi qun l, vn hnh v bo dng
phi nm y iu kin vn hnh ca
cc
thit b thit b.
p lc
+ Thc hin y qu trnh bo dng
thit b.
(bnh
kh
nn)

+ Cng ty c giy chng nhn iu

kin v PCCC do B cng an Hng Yn

+ Lp i v sinh ca Cng ty v c quy

nh c th v v sinh cng nghip i vi
Tai
cng nhn tng v tr lm vic, m bo
nn lao
ton Cng ty n cc nh xng, h thng
ng
thit b, lun sch, nh sng v cc
iu kin v sinh cng nghip.
+ Cung cp y nc sinh hot sch
cho ngi lao ng.
+ Cp cc trang b bo h lao ng ph
hp vi tng v tr lao ng ca cng nhn
nh qun o, gng tay, khu trang phng
c, knh hn, m bo him,...
+ Nu sy ra tai nn lao ng th cc bin
php s cu tm thi ri chuyn n c s
y t gn nht.

4.4. K hoch quan trc mi trng

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Giai on
ca c s

Bng 4.4. K hoch quan trc mi trng

Ni dung im quan Thng s
Tn
quan trc
trc (m
quan
sut
s, a
trc
quan
danh, ta
trc
)
2

Quan trc Khng kh CO, SO2,

mi
cng cng NO2,Bi
trng
ty
,
ting
khng kh
n,
ta
Khng kh
, vi kh
khu vc
Vn hnh
hu .
xng sn
xut
Quan trc
mu nc
thi sinh
hot
v
nc cp

Mu nc
thi
cng
chung ca
khu vc

PH,
BOD5,
TSS,
TDS,
Amoni,
NO3-,
PO43

Kinh
ph d
kin

Trch
nhim thc
hin

(triu
ng)

Bo co
cc c
quan
qun l:
06
thng/l
n

5
sNh
sn
nha
cp

Bo co
cc c
quan
qun l:
03

Mu nc PH, thng/l
cp trc cng,
n
x l
TSS,
Amoni,
Mu nc
Cl-,
cp sau x
Nitrat,
l
Zn, Cu,
Pb, Mn,
Fe, Tng
coliform

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

my
xut
cao

Hnh 4.1. S v tr gim st mi trng

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Chng 5
THAM VN KIN
5.1. Vn bn ca ch c s gi U ban nhn dn cp x
Cn c theo quy nh ti khon 8 iu 20 ca Lut bo v mi trng v theo
Thng t s 01/2012/TT-BTNMT ch d n gi cng vn s .ngy. thng..
nm 2012 ti UBND x Liu X, ni thc hin d n thng bo v nhng ni dung c
bn ca d n, nhng tc ng xu v mi trng ca d n, nhng bin php gim
thiu nhng tc ng d kin s p dng v ngh cc c quan, t chc ny cho
kin phn hi bng vn bn.
5.2. kin ca U ban nhn dn cp x
Phc p Vn bn s /NTV ngy. thng nm 2012 ca Cng ty TNHH
u t xut nhp khu VIEXIM, U ban nhn dn x Liu X xin c kin nh sau:
1. V vic thc hin cng tc bo v mi trng v khc phc nh hng kinh t x hi trn a bn x Liu X ca Cng ty TNHH u t xut nhp khu
VIEXIM.
UBND x Liu X hon ton ng vi cc ni dung tng ng c trnh by
trong bng thng bo nu trn ca Ch d n.
- Do nh my xy dng trong khu vc c quy hoch nn khng lm nh
hng n kin trc chung v n vn ha ca khu vc.
- Cng ty thc hin tt vic n b gii phng mt bng khng gy kh khn cho
cc h dn b nh hng.
- Qu trnh thi cng xy dng Cng ty lun thc hin tt cc bin php bo v mi
trng nh: cc xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu c ph kn; cc khu vc thi cng lun
c v sinh sch s; ng phc v thi cng lun c ti m hn ch pht tn bi;
- Cng nhn lm vic ti trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng lun m bo c
cc vn an ton lao ng, an ton khi tham gia giao thng v cc cng nhn lu tr
m bo cc vn v an ninh trt t.
- i vi nng dn mt rung Cng ty ha to iu kin cng vic sau khi
nh my i vo hot ng.
- Mt s ngi dn c n b tin t m khng s dng hp l s dn n
cnh ngho kh, tht nghip.
2. Cc kin khc v kin ngh xut

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

UBND x Liu X hon ton ng vi cc ni dung tng ng c trnh by

trong bng thng bo nu trn ca Ch d n.
- Ch cc tc ng nh hng ti tiu, cht lng khng kh do bi v ting n.
- Cng nhn lm vic ti khu vc c th gy ra nhng vn v an ninh trt t.
- Mt s ngi dn c n b tin t m khng s dng hp l s dn n
cnh ngho kh, tht nghip.
- ngh ch d n thc hin ng cc bin php bo v mi trng nu
trong bo co v cam kt bo v mi trng;
- ngh ch d n thc hin ng cc chng trnh gim st, quan trc mi
trng nh k nu trong bo co.
- Trong qa trnh hot ng sn xut, ngh Ch d n phi hp cht ch vi
chnh quyn a phng trong vic qun l an ton lao ng, an ton khi tham gia giao
thng, gi trt t an ninh khu vc cng nhn sinh sng. c bit l m bo cc vn
v sinh mi trng khng lm nh hng n xung quanh.
5.3. kin phn hi ca ch c s
Sau khi xem xt kin ca UBND x Liu X Cng ty TNHH u t xut nhp
khu VIEXIM c kin nh sau:
-

n v tip nhn kin ng gp v s thc hin y cc bin php bo v mi

trng khi d n i vo hot ng nh trong ni dung bn bo co TM ca d n
nu.

n v s thc hin tt cc bin php gim thiu nu trong bo co v ng gp

tch cc vo qu trnh pht trin kinh t - x hi ca a phng.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

KT LUN, KIN NGH V CAM KT

1.Kt lun
Trong n bo v mi trng ca Nh my sn xut nha cao cp nhn dng
ht c cc loi dng cht thi l cht thi dng rn, cht thi dng lng, v cht thi
dng kh,... tnh ton c ht cc loi cht thi, cc vn v mi trng v x hi
khng lin quan n cht thi hin ti cng ty cha c cc nh hng.
V vn x l cc loi cht thi ca Nh my: Cc dng cht thi c x l
tt nht m bo cc tiu chun ca mi trng do BTNMT ban hnh.
D n Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp ti Thn Ho, x Liu X, huyn Yn
M, tnh Hng Yn nhm mc ch sn xut cc sn phm dung cho t, xe my, in
t, in lnh, cc gia dng v cc loi nha; ng thi to vic lm n nh c thu
nhp cao cho 313 lao ng, gp phn pht trin kinh t khu vc thc hin d n v
thc y ngnh cng nghip Nha ca Vit Nam pht trin. y l d n c tnh kh
thi v hiu qu x hi cao, ph hp vi ch trng u t pht trin sn xut cng
nghip ca Nh nc Vit Nam ni chung v ca tnh Hng Yn ni ring. Sau khi d
n i vo hot ng s ng gp cho ngn sch ca a phng v Nh nc mt
khon thu ng k thng qua cc khon thu.
Tuy nhin trong qu trong qu trnh sn xut, c gy ra mt s tc ng tiu cc ti
mi trng:
+ nhim khng kh do qu trnh gia cng cc sn phm nha;
+ nhim vi mi trrng nc: Ngun nc thi chnh ca d n l nc thi
sinh hot.
+ Cht thi rn sinh ra do qu trnh sn xut, ch yu l cc mnh nha, cn
du thi,...
D n quan tm u t lp t mt s thit b v cng trnh x l cht thi
ng b i cng vi thit b sn xut c th:
+ Xy dng h thng thu gom nc nc ma, h thng x l nc thi sinh hot
+ c k hoch thu cc n v chc nng thu gom, x l cht thi rn sinh ra
t sn xut
+ xy dng phng n phng chng chy n
Trong bn n bo v mi trng chi tit ca Nh my nhn dng c cc
loi cht thi pht sinh, ng thi cng nh gi c hu ht cc tc ng n mi
trng v a ra c cc bin php ng ph, gim thiu v x l. Cc bin php
a ra c tnh kh thi cao v i vi quy m ca Nh my c th thc hin c.
Nh my s thc hin tt cc bin php ra gim thiu nhim mi trng,
lun m bo mi trng trong sch trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut. ng thi s
hon thnh vic xy dng, lp t cc h thng x l cht thi trc khi D n i vo
hot ng chnh thc, m bo cht lng mi trng t tiu chun cho php.
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

2. Kin ngh
Thng qua vic nh gi tc ng mi trng, Nh my knh ngh cc c
quan qun l mi trng a phng hng dn y v kp thi gip nh my thc
hin cc cng vic c lin quan n cng tc bo v mi trng, to iu kin cho vic
trin khai d n v i vo sn xut n nh, ng thi thc hin tt cng tc bo v
mi trng.
Nh my sn xut Nha cao cp knh ngh UBND tnh Hng Yn, S Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v Hi ng thm nh n bo v mi trng xem xt v cp
quyt nh ph duyt bn n bo v mi trng chi tit cho "Nh my sn xut nha
cao cp ti Thn Ho, x Liu X, huyn Yn M, tnh Hng Yn
3.

Cam kt

Cc cam kt ca ch d n v thc hin chng trnh qun l mi trng,

chng trnh gim st mi trng nh nu chng 5, tun th cc quy nh chung
v bo v mi trng c lin quan n cc giai on ca d n, gm:
+ Thc hin y cc bin php x l cc loi cht thi.
+ Thu gom, phn loi cht thi nguy hi, nh k mang ra khi nh my
+ Vn hnh c hiu qu h thng x l bi, nc thi, cht thi rn nhm hn ch
ti a tc hi ca chng i vi cng nhn trong nh my v khu vc xung quanh.
+ Rc thi sinh hot s c thu gom nh k thu ch n bi rc ca bi thi
khu vc, sau em i chn lp hp v sinh ti bi rc.
+ m bo an ton lao ng, phng chng chy n, v cc s c mi trng.
+ Thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng sinh thi cnh quan quanh khu vc
nh my. m bo vic trng cy xanh ln hn 10% din tch tng ca d n.
Cam kt tun th cc tiu chun mi trng
+ Thc hin cc phng n gim thiu nhim mi trng trong qu trnh hot
ng ca nh my theo ni dung trong n, cam kt tun th nghim tc cc tiu
chun Vit Nam v mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng.
+ i vi nhim khng kh, Nh my cam kt thc hin cc bin php gim
thiu nhim nu trong bo co m bo t tiu chun QCVN 05, 06-2009 v cc
quy chun hin hnh.
+ i vi cc loi cht thi rn, Nh my cam kt s thu gom, lu gi v x l
theo ng quy nh.
+ Cam kt i vi vic s dng ha cht, Nh my khng s dng cc loi ha
cht, chng sinh vt trong danh mc cm ca Vit Nam v trong cng c Quc t.
+ Cam kt tun th Quyt nh 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B
TNMT v vic bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng.
+ Thng t 12/2011/TT-BTNMT ngy 14/4/2011 ca B TNMT v qun l
cht thi nguy hi.
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

+ Hng nm cp kinh ph thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng, vn

hnh cc h thng x l mi trng. Cc s liu gim st s c cp nht y
bo co nh k n c quan qun l.
+ Cam kt thc hin cc bin php an ton giao thng, an ton v sinh thc
phm, an ton lao ng khi d n i vo hot ng sn xut.
+ Khi c s c xy ra gy nh hng n cc c s ln cn n v cam kt thc
hin vic n b thit hi cho cc n v b nh hng.

PH LC
Ph lc 1: Cc vn bn lin quan
Ph lc 1.1. Bn sao cc vn bn php l lin quan n s hnh thnh c s
Ph lc 1.2. Bn sao cc vn bn v x l vi phm v mi trng (nu c)
Ph lc 1.3. Bn sao cc vn bn v tham vn kin
Ph lc 1.4. Bn sao cc phiu kt qu phn tch th nghim v mi trng, hp
ng x l v mi trng (nu c)
Ph lc 1.5. Bn sao cc vn bn khc c lin quan (nu c)
n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp

Ph lc 2: Cc hnh, nh minh ha (tr cc hnh, nh th hin trong bn n)

Yu cu: Tng vn bn, hnh, nh trong ph lc phi c xp theo th t r rng vi
m s c th v u phi c dn chiu phn ni dung tng ng ca bn n.

n bo v mi trng chi tit: Nh my sn xut ht nha cao cp