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Chapter 5 Homework
Chapter 5 Homework
Due: 10:00pm on Friday, February 28, 2014
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy
Part A
A man attempts to pick up his suitcase of weight
ws
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ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
ANSWER:
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of the suitcase.
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of the suitcase minus the magnitude
of the force of the pull.
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the sum of the magnitude of the force of the pull and the
magnitude of the suitcase's weight.
The magnitude of the normal force is greater than the magnitude of the weight of the suitcase.
Correct
Part B
Now assume that the man of weight
wm
is tired and decides to sit on his suitcase. Which statement about the
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Chapter 5 Homework
ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
ANSWER:
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the magnitude of the suitcase's weight.
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the magnitude of the suitcase's weight minus the magnitude of
the man's weight.
The magnitude of the normal force is equal to the sum of the magnitude of the man's weight and the magnitude
of the suitcase's weight.
The magnitude of the normal force is less than the magnitude of the suitcase's weight.
Correct
Recognize that the normal force acting on an object is not always equal to the weight of that object. This is an
important point to understand.
Exercise 5.3
A 73.9-kg wrecking ball hangs from a uniform heavy-duty chain having a mass of 26.0kg . (Use 9.80m/s2 for the gravitational
acceleration at the earth's surface.)
Part A
Find the maximum tension in the chain.
ANSWER:
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Chapter 5 Homework
Tmax
= 979
Correct
Part B
Find the minimum tension in the chain.
ANSWER:
Tmin
= 724
Correct
Part C
What is the tension at a point three-fourths of the way up from the bottom of the chain?
ANSWER:
T
= 915
Correct
Part A
Fnet
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Fnet
Hint 3. Find the magnitude of the force acting along the direction of motion
Consider a coordinate system with the x direction pointing down the incline and the y direction perpendicular to
the incline. In these coordinates, what is wx , the component of the block's weight in the x direction?
Express wx in terms of m, g, and .
ANSWER:
wx
mgsin()
ANSWER:
Fnet
mgsin()
Correct
Part B
Find the magnitude,
Fww
Hint 2. Find the normal force between the block and the wedge
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Chapter 5 Homework
What is the magnitude, n , of the normal (contact) force between the block and the wedge? (You might have
computed this already while answering Part A.)
Express n in terms of m, g, and .
ANSWER:
n
mgcos()
Correct
Hint 3. Find the horizontal component of the normal force
In the previous hint you found the magnitude of the normal force between the block and the wedge. What is the
magnitude, n h , of the horizontal component of this normal force?
Express n h in terms of and
ANSWER:
nh
nsin()
Correct
ANSWER:
Fww
mgcos()sin()
Correct
Your answer to Part B could be expressed as either mg sin() cos() or mg sin(2)/2. In either form, we see
that as
approaches 90 degrees (/2 radians), the contact force between the wall and the
wedge goes to zero. This is what we should expect; in the first limit ( small), the block is accelerating very slowly,
and all horizontal forces are small. In the second limit ( about 90 degrees), the block simply falls vertically and
exerts no horizontal force on the wedge.
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, across a
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Part A
The baggage handler now pushes a second box, identical to the first, so that it accelerates at a rate of 2a. How does the
magnitude of the force F2 that the handler applies to this box compare to the magnitude of the force F1 applied to the
first box?
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F = ma
acceleration of the object along the direction of the applied net force.
ANSWER:
F1 + fk = ma
F1 fk = ma
F1 + ma = f
f
+ ma = F 1
= ma
and
F2 f
= 2ma
Combine these two equations to obtain one equation that contains both F1 and F2 .
ANSWER:
F2 = ma + F1
F2 = 3ma F1
F2 = 2 fk + ma F1
ANSWER:
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0 F2 <
1
2
1
2
F1
F1 F2 < F1
F2 = F1
F1 < F2 2F1
F2 > 2F1
Correct
Now see if you can apply this problem-solving technique to answer the next question.
Part B
Now assume that the baggage handler pushes a third box of
mass m/2 so that it accelerates at a rate of 2a. How does
the magnitude of the force F3 that the handler applies to this
box compare to the magnitude of the force F1 applied to the
first box?
= ma
F1 fk = ma
F1 + ma = fk
fk + ma = F 1
m/2
Newton's 2nd law to this box yields which of the following equations?
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Recall that the force of kinetic friction on a given object moving relative to a surface is
fk = k n ,
where k is the coefficient of friction and n is the normal force.
If fk represents the force of kinetic friction that acts on the first box, what is the force of kinetic friction
acting on the third box?
ANSWER:
1
2
fk
2fk
ANSWER:
F3 f
= ma
F3 fk = 2ma
F3
F3
1
2
1
2
= 2ma
f k = ma
and
\large{F_3 - \frac{1}{2}f_{\rm k} = ma}.
Combine these two equations to obtain one equation that contains both \texttip{F_{\rm 1}}{F_1} and
\texttip{F_{\rm 3}}{F_3}.
ANSWER:
\large{F_3 = ma - \frac {1}{2}f_{\rm k}}
\large{F_3 = F_1 - \frac{1}{2}f_{\rm k}}
\large{F_3 = F_1 + \frac{3}{2}f_{\rm k} + 2ma}
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ANSWER:
\large{0 \leq F_3 < \frac{1}{2}F_1}
\large{\frac{1}{2}F_1 \leq F_3<F_1}
F_3 = F_1
F_1 < F_3 \leq 2F_1
F_3 > 2F_1
Correct
Exercise 5.18
A transport plane takes off from a level landing field with two gliders in tow, one behind the other. The mass of each glider is
700 {\rm kg}, and the total resistance (air drag plus friction with the runway) on each may be assumed constant and equal to
2200{\rm N} . The tension in the towrope between the transport plane and the first glider is not to exceed 12000 {\rm N}.
Part A
If a speed of 40 {\rm m/s} is required for takeoff, what minimum length of runway is needed?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
150 {\rm m}
Correct
Part B
What is the tension in the towrope between the two gliders while they are accelerating for the takeoff?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
6000 {\rm N}
Correct
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Chapter 5 Homework
Exercise 5.24
A 5.50{\rm kg} crate is suspended from the end of a short vertical rope of negligible mass. An upward force F(t) is applied to
the end of the rope, and the height of the crate above its initial position is given by y(t) = (2.80{\rm m/s} )t +(0.61{\rm m/s^3}
)t^3
Part A
What is the magnitude of the force F when 4.50{\rm s} ?
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
F = 144 {\rm N}
Correct
Pushing a Block
Learning Goal:
To understand kinetic and static friction.
A block of mass \texttip{m}{m} lies on a horizontal table. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the table is
\texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s}. The coefficient of kinetic friction is \texttip{\mu _{\rm k}}{mu_k}, with \mu_{\rm k} < \mu_{\rm s}.
Part A
If the block is at rest (and the only forces acting on the block are the force due to gravity and the normal force from the
table), what is the magnitude of the force due to friction?
ANSWER:
\texttip{F_{\rm friction}}{F_friction} = 0
Correct
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Chapter 5 Homework
Part B
Suppose you want to move the block, but you want to push it with the least force possible to get it moving. With what
force \texttip{F}{F} must you be pushing the block just before the block begins to move?
Express the magnitude of \texttip{F}{F} in terms of some or all the variables
\texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s}, \texttip{\mu _{\rm k}}{mu_k}, and \texttip{m}{m}, as well as the acceleration due
to gravity \texttip{g}{g}.
ANSWER:
\texttip{F}{F} = g m {\mu}_{s}
Correct
Part C
Suppose you push horizontally with half the force needed to just make the block move. What is the magnitude of the
friction force?
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables \texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s},
\texttip{\mu _{\rm k}}{mu_k}, and \texttip{m}{m}, as well as the acceleration due to gravity \texttip{g}{g}.
Correct
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Chapter 5 Homework
Part D
Suppose you push horizontally with precisely enough force to make the block start to move, and you continue to apply
the same amount of force even after it starts moving. Find the acceleration \texttip{a}{a} of the block after it begins to
move.
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables \texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s},
\texttip{\mu _{\rm k}}{mu_k}, and \texttip{m}{m}, as well as the acceleration due to gravity \texttip{g}{g}.
Correct
Hint 2. Consider applied force and kinetic friction
When the block is moving, there is a force of kinetic friction acting on it, with magnitude
|F_{\rm kinetic \;friction}| = \mu_{\rm k}n,
where \texttip{\mu _{\rm k}}{mu_k} is the coefficient of kinetic friction and \texttip{n}{n} is the magnitude of the
normal force.
Correct
ANSWER:
\texttip{a}{a} = g \left({\mu}_{s}-{\mu}_{k}\right)
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Chapter 5 Homework
Correct
Part A
Find \texttip{F_{\rm min}}{F_min}, the constant force with the least magnitude that must be applied to the board in order
to pull the board out from under the the box (which will then fall off of the opposite end of the board).
Express your answer in terms of some or all of the variables \texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s},
\texttip{m_{\rm 1}}{m_1}, \texttip{m_{\rm 2}}{m_2}, \texttip{g}{g}, and \texttip{L}{L}. Do not include
\texttip{F_{\rm f \hspace{1 pt}}}{F_f} in your answer.
Hint 1. Condition for the board sliding out from under the box
The board will slide out from under the box if the magnitude of the board's acceleration exceeds the magnitude of
the maximum acceleration that friction can give to the box.
Hint 2. Find the acceleration of the box in terms of \texttip{F_{\rm f \hspace{1 pt}}}{F_f}
Assume that the coefficient of static friction between the board and the box is not known at this point. What is the
magnitude of the acceleration of the box in terms of the friction force \texttip{F_{\rm f \hspace{1 pt}}}{F_f}?
Express your answer in terms of \texttip{F_{\rm f \hspace{1 pt}}}{F_f} and \texttip{m_{\rm 1}}{m_1}.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a_{\rm box}}{a_box} = \large{\frac{F_{f}}{m_{1}}}
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Chapter 5 Homework
ANSWER:
\texttip{a_{\rm box}}{a_box} = {\mu}_{s} g
Hint 5. Find the acceleration of the board for large \texttip{F_{\rm f \hspace{1 pt}}}{F_f}
In Hint 4 you found the net horizontal force on the board. Now, find the acceleration of the board when the force of
static friction reaches its maximum possible value.
Express your answer in terms of \texttip{F}{F}, \texttip{\mu _{\rm s}}{mu_s}, \texttip{m_{\rm 1}}{m_1},
\texttip{m_{\rm 2}}{m_2}, and \texttip{g}{g}.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a_{\rm board}}{a_board} = \large{\frac{F-{\mu}_{s} m_{1} g}{m_{2}}}
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ANSWER:
\texttip{F_{\rm min}}{F_min} = \left(m_{1}+m_{2}\right) g {\mu}_{s}
Correct
Exercise 5.28
A box of bananas weighing 40.0 {\rm N} rests on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the box and
the surface is 0.40 and the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20.
Part A
If no horizontal force is applied to the box and the box is at rest, how large is the friction force exerted on the box?
ANSWER:
0 {\rm N}
Correct
Part B
What is the magnitude of the friction force if a monkey applies a horizontal force of 6.0 {\rm N} to the box and the box is
initially at rest?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
6.0 {\rm N}
Correct
Part C
What minimum horizontal force must the monkey apply to start the box in motion?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
16 {\rm N}
Correct
Part D
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Chapter 5 Homework
What minimum horizontal force must the monkey apply to keep the box moving at constant velocity once it has been
started?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
8 {\rm N}
Correct
Part E
If the monkey applies a horizontal force of 18.0 {\rm N}, what is the magnitude of the friction force ?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:
8 {\rm N}
Correct
Part F
If the monkey applies a horizontal force of 18.0 {\rm N}, what is the box's acceleration?
ANSWER:
2.45 {\rm m/s^2}
Correct
Exercise 5.32
A pickup truck is carrying a toolbox, but the rear gate of the truck is missing, so the box will slide out if it is set moving. The
coefficients of kinetic and static friction between the box and the bed of the truck are 0.310 and 0.550, respectively.
Part A
Starting from rest, what is the shortest time this truck could accelerate uniformly to 35.0{\rm m/s} (\approx 78.3{\rm mph}
) without causing the box to slide. (Hint: First use Newtons second law to find the maximum acceleration that static
friction can give the box, and then solve for the time required to reach 35.0{\rm m/s} .)
ANSWER:
t_{min} = 6.49 {\rm s}
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Chapter 5 Homework
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Part A
Which of the following sets of vectors best describes the velocity, acceleration, and net force acting on the cylinder at the
point indicated in the diagram?
Hint 1. The direction of acceleration can be determined from Newton's second law
According to Newton's second law, the acceleration of an object has the same direction as the net force acting on
that object.
ANSWER:
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Chapter 5 Homework
a
b
c
d
e
Correct
Part B
Let \texttip{R}{R} be the distance between the cylinder and the center of the turntable. Now assume that the cylinder is
moved to a new location R/2 from the center of the turntable. Which of the following statements accurately describe the
motion of the cylinder at the new location?
Check all that apply.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a}{a} = \large{\frac{2 {\pi}^{2} R}{T^{2}}}
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Chapter 5 Homework
ANSWER:
The speed of the cylinder has decreased.
The speed of the cylinder has increased.
The magnitude of the acceleration of the cylinder has decreased.
The magnitude of the acceleration of the cylinder has increased.
The speed and the acceleration of the cylinder have not changed.
Correct
Mass on Turntable
A small metal cylinder rests on a circular turntable that is rotating at a constant speed as illustrated in the diagram .
The small metal cylinder has a mass of 0.20 \rm kg, the coefficient
of static friction between the cylinder and the turntable is 0.080,
and the cylinder is located 0.15 \rm m from the center of the
turntable.
Take the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity to be 9.81
\rm m/s^2.
Part A
What is the maximum speed \texttip{v_{\rm max}}{v_max} that the cylinder can move along its circular path without
slipping off the turntable?
Express your answer numerically in meters per second to two significant figures.
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Chapter 5 Homework
\large{\frac{m v^2}{R}}
m v^{2} R
v^2 R
\large{\frac{v^2}{R}}
Correct
Hint 2. Determine the force causing acceleration
Whenever you see uniform circular motion, there is a real force that causes the associated centripetal
acceleration. In this problem, what force causes the centripetal acceleration?
ANSWER:
normal force
static friction
weight of cylinder
a force other than those above
Correct
Hint 3. Find the maximum possible friction force
The magnitude \texttip{f_{\rm s}}{f_s} of the force due to static friction satisfies f_{\rm s} \leq f_{\rm max}. What is
\texttip{f_{\rm max}}{f_max} in this problem?
Express your answer numerically in newtons to three significant figures.
ANSWER:
\texttip{f_{\rm max}}{f_max} = 0.157 \rm N
Correct
Hint 4. Newton's 2nd law
To solve this problem, relate the answers to the previous two hints using Newton's 2nd law:
\vec{F} = m\,\vec{a}.
ANSWER:
\texttip{v_{\rm max}}{v_max} = 0.34 \rm m/s
Correct
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Chapter 5 Homework
Exercise 5.46
The "Giant Swing" at a county fair consists of a vertical central shaft with a number of horizontal arms attached at its upper
end. Each arm supports a seat suspended from a cable 5.00 {\rm m} long, the upper end of the cable being fastened to the
arm at a point 3.00 {\rm m} from the central shaft.
Part A
Find the time of one revolution of the swing if the cable supporting a seat makes an angle of 30.0^\circ with the vertical.
ANSWER:
T = 6.19 {\rm s}
Correct
Part B
Does the angle depend on the weight of the passenger for a given rate of revolution?
ANSWER:
Yes.
No.
Correct
Exercise 5.51
An airplane flies in a loop (a circular path in a vertical plane) of radius 190{\rm {\rm m}} . The pilot's head always points toward
the center of the loop. The speed of the airplane is not constant; the airplane goes slowest at the top of the loop and fastest
at the bottom.
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Chapter 5 Homework
Part A
At the top of the loop, the pilot feels weightless. What is the speed of the airplane at this point?
ANSWER:
v = 43.2 {\rm m/s}
Correct
Part B
At the bottom of the loop, the speed of the airplane is 200{\rm {\rm km/h}} . What is the apparent weight of the pilot at
this point? His true weight is 700{\rm {\rm N}} .
ANSWER:
w = 1860 {\rm N}
Correct
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 98.4%.
You received 13.78 out of a possible total of 14 points.
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