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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III

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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III
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Chng 1
NGHA TC DNG V NGUN GC S PHT TRIN MN BNG
CHUYN TRN TH GII V VIT NAM
1.1. LCH S PHT TRIN CA MN BNG CHUYN.
1.1.1. S hnh thnh, pht trin mn bng chuyn trn th gii:
Cc nh s hc cho rng: Bng chuyn ra i M khong nm 1895 do gio vin th thao
tn l WILIAM MORGAM ngh ra. Lc u, lut chi n gin v c xem nh tr chi vn
ng cho hc sinh. ng dng lui cao khong 1,95 m v rut qu bng r ngi ta chuyn qua
li. Ln u tin t chc thi u bng chuyn vo thng 6 nm 1896 ti Springfield.
Nm 1897 M, Lut bng chuyn ra i gm c 10 iu:
1. nh du sn.
2. Trang phc.
3. Kch thc sn : 7,5 m x 15,1 m.
4. Kch thc li : 0,61 m x 8,2 m ; chiu cao li : 198 cm.
5. Bng : Rut bng bng cao su, v bng bng da hay cht tng hp tng t. Chu vi bng:
63,5 cm - 68,5 cm. Trng lng bng : 340 gam.
6. Pht bng : Cu th pht bng ng mt chn trn vch bin ngang v nh bng bng bn
tay m. Nu ln u pht bng phm li th c pht li.
7. Tnh im : Mi ln i phng khng c pht bng th bn pht bng c mt
im (ch c bn pht bng mi c im).
8. Trong thi gian thi u (tr pht bng) bng chm li coi nh phm lut.
9. Bng ri vo vch gii hn l phm lut.
10. Khng hn ch s ngi chi.
T nm 1895 n nm 1920, bng chuyn c du nhp vo cc nc khc v pht trin rng
ri cc chu. Trong giai on ny lut bng chuyn cng thay i v hon thin dn.
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Nm 1912 cc vn ng vin nghip d thnh lp hip hi v nm 1913 t chc gii bng
chuyn ti Paradit.
Bng chuyn vo chu u u tin Php. Vo Anh nm 1914. Vo Nga, Tip Khc, Ba Lan
khong nm 1920 - 1921 v pht trin nhanh cc nc chu u. Nm 1928 ti Mtxcva trong
chng trnh i hi th dc th thao c bng chuyn.
Nm 1922 ti Brooklyn ( M) chnh thc t chc gii bng chuyn v quyt nh a mn
bng chuyn vo chng trnh Th vn hi ln th VIII s t chc vo nm 1924 ti Pari ( Php).
Cng vi s pht trin ca phong tro bng chuyn, lut thi u cng c thay i:
- Nm 1900 mi im kt thc im 21. Chiu cao li l 2,13 m v cc ng bin c
tnh l trong sn.
- Nm 1912 din tch sn l 10,6 m x 18,2 m ; chu cao li l 2,28 m ; chiu rng li l
0,91m. Sau khi pht bng hng th thay cu th.
- Nm 1917 : Chiu cao li l 2,43 m.
- Nm 1918 : i hnh mi i c 6 ngi, im mi hip l 15.
- Nm 19 21: C thm ng k gia sn.
- Nm 19 22: Mi i ch c chm bng 3 ln.
- Nm 1923 : Din tch sn bng chuyn l 9,1 m x 18,2 m
- Nm 1925 : Khi t s 14 - 14, i no hn 2 im trc th thng hip y.
Lut l thay i c tc dng thc y cc mt k thut v chin thut pht trin. T mt tr
chi c hnh thnh t cc ng tc t nhin vi mc ch ngh ngi tch cc, bng chuyn tr
thnh mt mn th thao.
Nm 1928 ti Lin X, trong chng trnh i hi Th dc th thao (t chc ti Mtxcva)
c mn bng chuyn.
T nm 1929 n nm 1939, k thut v chin thut bng chuyn c nhng bc tin nhy
vt. Chn bng tp th xut hin thc y s pht trin cc hnh thc tn cng mi. Bng chuyn
tr thnh mn th thao mang tnh tp th nhiu hn. iu c th hin rt r trong cch sp xp
cc u th trn sn, trong vic t chc tn cng v phng th, trong vic ym h ngi p bng
v ngi chn bng.
Nm 1934: Ti Hi ngh ti Stckhm (Thy in), Hi ngh ngh thnh y ban k
thut bng chuyn. Ch tch u tin ca y ban ny l ng Ravch Mclpsky (Ch tch hi ng
bng chuyn Ba Lan), thnh lp tiu ban gm 13 nc chu u, 5 nc chu M v 4 nc chu .
Tiu ban quyt nh ly lut bng chuyn ca M lm c s cho lut thi u bng chuyn c thay
i vi iu, nh:
+ Ly n v mt lm n v o lng thng nht.
+ Phn thn th chm bng ch c tnh t tht lng tr ln.
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


+ u th chn bng khng c chm bng ln th 2 khi cha c ngi khc chm bng.
+ Chiu cao ca li n l 2,24 m.
+ V tr pht bng c thu hp li.
Ngoi ra, tiu ban cn quyt nh a mn bng chuyn vo chng trnh thi u Th vn hi
nm 1940.
Thng 4/1947 ti Pari (Php), Hi ngh bng chuyn Quc t u tin quyt nh thnh lp
hip hi bng chuyn quc t (FIVB). S kn ny chng t bng chuyn l mn th thao c tm th
gii.
Nm 1948: Ln u tin FIVB t chc gii v ch bng chuyn nam Chu u ti vi 6 i
tham gia. i Tip Khc ot chc v ch.
Thng 9/1949 ti Praha (Tip Khc) t chc gii bng chuyn Th gii ln th nht cho cc
i nam v v ch chu u cho cc i n. Hai i bng chuyn nam, n ca Lin X u ginh
chc v ch.
T 1948-1968: Bng chuyn pht trin mnh trn th gii. Cc gii v ch Th gii, v ch
chu u... c tin hnh thng xuyn v c nhiu nc tham gia. Gii v ch th gii nm 1956
ti Php c 17 i bng chuyn n v 24 i bng chuyn nam tham gia. Trong chu c 3 i
tham gia l n , Cng ho nhn dn Trung Hoa, Cng ho dn ch nhn dn Triu Tin. Chu
M c 3 i tham gia l M, Brazin v Cu Ba.
Nm 1964: Bng chuyn chnh thc c a vo chng trnh th vn hi Tokyo (Nht
Bn) , i bng chuyn nam Lin X v i n Nht Bn giang chc v ch. Lut bng chuyn
vn khng ngng c hon thin:
+ Nm 1949 : Mi hip u c tm ngng 3 ln hi v cho php chn bng tp th.
+ Nm 1951 : C ng hn ch tn cng (vch 3m) v cho php i v tr trn sn sau khi
pht bng.
+ Nm 1952 : Mi hip ch c hi 2 ln.
+ Nm 1957 : Gim s ln thay ngi t 12 ln xung 4 ln. Gim thi gian thay ngi t
1 pht xung 30 giy. Cm lm ng tc che khut u th pht bng. Ngoi ra, FIVB cn qui nh
Lut bng chuyn s c thay i 4 nm 1 ln.
+ Nm 1961 : Tng s ln thay ngi trong mt hip ln 6 ln.
+ Nm 1965 : Cho php tay qua li chn bng v ngi tham gia chn bng c nh
bng ln th 2 ngay sau khi chn chm bng nhm nng cao kh nng phng th v s lin tc ca
trn u.
Trong thi gian 1948 - 1968, k chin thut bng chuyn cng c pht trin cao :
+ K thut p bng gin bin, p nhanh, p lao, p trn tay chn xut hin nhiu
cc gii u quc t.

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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


+ Chin thut tn cng cng pht trin nh: Tn cng 2 chuyn phi hp vi ng tc gi;
tn cng 3 ngi do hng sau an ln t chc (chuyn 2); tn cng " an cho", "p chng", p
vi ng tc gi...
+ Chin thut pht bng cng xut hin, c bit l k thut pht bng cao tay nghing
mnh bay ca i bng chuyn n Nht Bn.
+ i i vi s ci tin k - chin thut pht bng, k thut m bng cng xut hin v
c s dng ch yu trong chuyn bc mt. Cc k thut ln ng cu bng trong phng th cng
ra i.
Thng7/ 1966 ti Hunggari ln u tin t chc Gii bng chuyn tr chu u (n 20 tui)
c 12 i n v 16 i nam tham gia. i bng chuyn nam, n tr ca Lin X dot chc v ch.
Bt u t nm 1965 xc nh th t t chc cc gii bng chuyn quc t ln: Cp th
gii t chc vo nm sau gii v ch, sau l gii v ch chu u v cui cng l Th vn hi
Olympic. Nh vy mi nm u c mt gii thi u chnh thc. T nm 1975 gii v ch Bng
chuyn chu u 2 nm t chc 1 ln.
FIVB t chc cc gii chnh thc sau :
+ Gii trong chng trnh ca Th vn hi Olympic t chc 4 nm 1 ln (1980... 2000,
2004)
+ Gii V ch Th gii 4 nm mt ln (1978, 1982....1998, 2002).
+ Cp Th gii 4 nm mt ln ( 1981, 1985....2001, 2005).
+ V ch chu u 2 nm mt ln (1981, 1983....2003, 2005).
+ V ch tr chu u (n 19 tui) 2 nm mt ln (1982, 1984.....).
+ Cp v ch cc i ot cp chu u hng nm dnh cho cc i cu lc b.
Do yu cu pht trin ton cu c nhiu thay i v lut l, k chin thut cng khng
ngng c nng cao nhm lm cho bng chuyn tr thnh mt mn th thao thm phn hp dn.
Nm 1983 Lin on bng chuyn Th gii (FIVB) c 146 nc thnh vin. Bng chuyn tr
thnh mt trong nhng mn th thao hng u ca th gii.
1.1.2. Lch s pht sinh v pht trin mn bng chuyn Vit Nam qua cc thi k:
Mn bng chuyn xut hin Vit Nam khong nm 1920 - 1922 cc thnh ph ln nh H
Ni, Hi Phng ...
Sau thng 8/1945, cng vi s pht trin ca phong tro th dc th thao ni chung, mn
bng chuyn cng tng bc m rng ti cc vng v mi min trong c nc vi s lng ngi
tham gia ng o hn. V vy, mn bng chuyn l mn th thao c tnh qun chng rng ri.
T khi xut hin cho n nay, bng chuyn Vit Nam tn ti v pht trin qua cc thi k:
1.1.2.1. S hnh thnh v pht trin ca bng chuyn Vit Nam trc Cch mng thng Tm
nm 1945:
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Vo khong nm 1920 - 1922 bng chuyn xt hin v ph bin trong hc sinh ngi Hoa
H Ni, Hi Phng v mt s thnh ph khc vi lut chi gn ging nh bng chuyn hin i:
- Kch thc sn l 9 m x 18 m.
- Khu pht bng l 1,2 m.
- Li nam cao 2,40 m; li n cao 2,20 m.
- S im thi u mi hip l 21.
- Cc cu th trong i c nh 4 chuyn.
- Nu pht bng ri vo khu pht bng ca i phng th c 2 im
Nm 1927 trn thi u bng chuyn u tin c t chc gia ngi Hoa Hi Phng v H
Ni.
Nm 1928 Gii bng chuyn u tin c t chc Bc k gia 2 i: Mt i ngi Vit
Nam v mt i ngi Php.
Di ch thng tr ca thc dn phong kin, phong tro bng chuyn nc ta khng c
pht trin
1.1.2.2. T Cch mng thng 8 nm 1945 n nm 1954:
Sau Cch mng thng 8 thnh cng, chnh quyn nhn dn ra i. Bc H ra "Li ku gi tp
th dc" v c ton dn nhit lit hng ng. Mt s mn th thao c hnh thnh. Bng
chuyn pht trin cc vng nng thn v c nhn dn tham gia tp luyn ng o. Trong
cuc khng chin chng thc dn Php, bng chuyn tr thnh mn th thao ch yu trong cc c
quan khng chin Vit Bc, Khu 5 v trong cc n v b i...
Trong thi k ny t chc 2 gii bng chuyn:
+ Gii v ch Lin khu 3 cho 3 tnh: Thi Bnh - Hi Dng - Hng Yn
+ Gii v ch Lin khu 5 cho 2 tnh : Qung Nam - Qung Ngi.
Tuy phong tro pht trin rng nhng k chin thut bng chuyn cn rt n gin, vn p
dng lut c. Mi lin h gia phong tro trong nc v th gii cha c, do nhng k thut tin
tin trn th gii khng c iu kin du nhp vo nc ta.
1.1.2.3. T nm 1954 n nm 1975:
Sau khi ho bnh lp li nc ta (1954), bng chuyn c iu kin thun li pht trin.
Phong tro bng chuyn pht trin mnh m trong cc lc lng v trang. on Th Cng - mt t
chc th dc th thao ca qun i c thnh lp bao gm nhiu mn trong c bng chuyn.
i bng chuyn Th Cng tr thnh mt i th thao tiu biu cho nn th dc th thao mi,
gp phn thc y phong tro pht trin v lm nng ct cho i tuyn quc gia sau ny. Thi k
ny c nhiu i n xut hin nh: Qun y vin 108; Trng cp 3 Trng Vng (H Ni) ... Tuy
nhin, phong tro ch giai on t pht v thiu s ch o chung.

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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Nm 1955 U ban Th dc th thao Trung ng c thnh lp. Thng 3 nm 1957 Hi bng
chuyn Vit Nam ra i. Nm 1956 - 1957 t chc cc gii Ho bnh - Thng nht, gii Ma Xun
1957 ng vin c v phong tro.
Thng 10 nm 1957 i tuyn bng chuyn Vit Nam c thnh lp d gii 4 nc: Vit
Nam - Trung Quc - Triu Tin - Mng C ti Bnh Nhng (Triu Tin). Tuy thnh tch khng cao
nhng qua thi u v tham quan phong tro cc nc bn, cc cn b v vn ng vin nc ta
tip thu c mt s k thut mi, phng php hun luyn mi cng nh nhng kinh nghim v
xy dng lc lng, xy dng v pht trin phong tro bng chuyn.
Nm 1959 trnh k chin thut ca cc i trong nc ta tin b kh nhanh nhng nhn
chung cn yu.
Nm 1960 ln u tin t chc Gii bng chuyn hng A ton min Bc gm 8 i nam v 8
i n
Ngy 10 thng 6 nm 1961: Hip hi bng chuyn Vit Nam c thnh lp.
Nm 1962 - 1964 phong tro bng chuyn pht trin mnh v vng chc v chiu su v
chiu rng. Hi bng chuyn Vit Nam v b mn Bng chuyn ca U ban Th dc th thao Trung
ng lin tip t chc nhng hi ngh chuyn nhm m rng phong tro v ch o nng cao.
Thng 7 nm 1963 Hi ngh v phng hng hun luyn ca bng chuyn Vit Nam c t
chc ti Thi Bnh vi phng chm hun luyn l: " nhanh, chun, bin ho trn c s khng
ngng nng cao sc mnh".
i tuyn bng chuyn nam, n nc ta tham gia i hi Ganefo ln I (1963) ti Innxia.
Nm 1964: U ban Th dc th thao Trung ng phong cp kin tng v cp I u tin cho
vn ng vin mn bng chuyn.
T thng 8 nm 1964, min Bc bc vo cuc khng chin chng chin tranh ph hoi ca
M. Phong tro th dc th thao ni chung v bng chuyn ni ring tm thi b thu hp.
Thng 3 nm 1965, t chc Hi ngh bng chuyn ti Hi dng nhm xc nh phng
hng, nhim v pht trin mn bng chuyn trong thi chin : Tip tc duy tr cc a phng,
c s c phong tro mnh.
Nm 1969, Gii bng chuyn i biu cc nghnh ln th nht c t chc ti H Ni, ng
thi cc gii bng chuyn hng A v B vn c duy tr nhm cng c v khi phc phong tro.
Nm 1970, Ch th 180 ca Ban b th Trung ng ng v cng tc th dc th thao b sung
tng cng lc lng cn b, vn ng vin bng chuyn cho cc c s nhm phc v sc khe
qun chng.
Nm 1973, Gii bng chuyn hng A vi s tham gia ca 24 i nam, n.
Nm 1974, Gii bng chuyn hng B c t chc t c s thu ht ng o qun chng
tham gia. Gii hng A c t chc theo nh k v chn c 12 i A1 (nam, n) v 12 i A2
(nam, n).
1.1.2.4. T nm 1975 n nay:
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


T nm 1975 n nay, t nc ha bnh, thng nht, mn bng chuyn c pht trin mnh
m. Hng nm t c s n Trung ng u t chc cc gii bng chuyn cho cc i tng hu
ht cc tnh, thnh, nghnh. S i tham gia thi u ngy cng tng, trnh chuyn mn ca vn
ng vin v cc i cng khng ngng c nng cao.
Thng 8 nm 1991: Ti H Ni, i hi Hip hi Bng chuyn Vit Nam ln II quyt nh
i tn thnh Lin on Bng chuyn Vit Nam (Volleyball Federatron of Vietnam - VFV). Lin
on Bng chuyn Vit Nam l thnh vin chnh thc ca FIVB v AVC (Lin on Bng chuyn
Chu ). Lin on Bng chuyn Vit Nam (VFV) gm c 6 tiu ban :
+ Tiu ban hun luyn - khoa hc k thut.

+ Tiu ban thi u, trng ti.

+ Tiu ban ti chnh.

+ Tiu ban thanh - thiu nin.

+ Tiu ban kim tra - khen thng - k lut.

+ Tiu ban bo tr.

Gii bng chuyn cho cc i tng khc nhau c t chc hng nm: Gii v ch cc i
mnh ton quc; gii A1, A2: gii bng chuyn bi bin....
Bng chuyn l mn thi u chnh thc ca i hi Th dc th thao ton quc (4 nm mt
ln) hay trong chng trnh Hi khe Ph ng (4 nm mt ln).
Bng chuyn l mn th thao c ng v Nh Nc quan tm to nhiu iu kin thun li
v vt cht ln tinh thn, do phong tro bng chuyn c pht trin rng ri trong mi tng lp
nhn dn. Bng chuyn nh cao cng c pht trin mnh m cc tnh, thnh, nghnh: H Ni,
TP H Ch Minh, Qung Ninh, Thi Bnh, Long An, Qun i, Cng an, Bu in....
Ti cc gii thi u khu vc hay quc t. Cc i tuyn bng chuyn trong nh hay bi bin
ca Vit Nam ginh c th hng cao. i tuyn bng chuyn n Vit Nam lun chim v tr s
2 t Seagame 20 (i hi th thao ng nam ) cho n nay.
Trong ngnh i hc- Cao ng- Trung hc chuyn nghip v Dy ngh, bng chuyn l mn
th thao ph cp v nm trong chng trnh ging dy chnh kha cc trng. c s quan tm
lnh o ca B Gio dc - o to v Ban gim hiu cc trng nn phong tro pht trin mnh.
Mi trng u c i i biu, c sn tp hon chnh v cc trang thit b khc tp luyn bng
chuyn.
Nm 1968, i hi bng chuyn ngnh i hc v Trung hc chuyn nghip ln I c t
chc c trn 100 i nam, n tham gia. Nm 1969 thnh lp i i biu ngnh tham gia gii hng
A ton min Bc.
Sau thng 4 nm 1975, B i hc - Trung hc chuyn nghip v Dy ngh nay l B Gio
dc - o to cng Hi th thao i hc v Chuyn nghip Vit Nam phi hp t chc nh k
gii bng chuyn ton Ngnh, li cun hng trm trng v hng ngn vn ng vin tp luyn v
thi u.
1.2. NGHA TC DNG CA TP LUYN BNG CHUYN I VI SC KHE
1.2.1. nh hng v tc dng ca tp luyn bng chuyn vi sc khe:
T nhng c im ca bng chuyn cho thy: Ging dy v hun luyn bng chuyn c nh
hng v tc dng tt n ngi tp.
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Mi k thut bng chuyn d n gin nht nh : Chuyn bng thp tay, chuyn bng cao
tay, pht bng ... i hi ngi tp vn ng tay chn, ton thn mt cch hp l v kp thi. Khi
thc hin ngtc yu cu phi tp trung ch cao v lp li nhiu ln gip ngi tp tng cng
sc mnh tay, chn, ton thn, hnh thnh kh nng x l nhanh nhn, kho lo, to iu kin thch
ng vi nhng hot ng phc tp trong lao ng sn xut, trong chin u cng nh trong cuc
sng hng ngy.
Tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn l qu trnh rn luyn, bi dng con ngi pht trin ton
din v phm cht tm l - ch, tinh thn tp th, tnh kin tr, dng cm.
S a dng ca cc k nng - k xo vn ng v hnh ng thi u khc nhau khng ch v
cng dng sc m c v cu trc phi hp s to iu kin pht trin cc t cht th lc cu con
ngi nh : Sc nhanh, sc mnh, sc bn, mm do v tnh kho lo trong nhng ng tc phi
hp hi ho.
Tp luyn, thi u bng chuyn c tc ng tch cc ti s pht trin, hon thin kh nng
thch ng v nh hng nhanh cho ngi tp, x l nhanh nhng tnh hung thng xuyn thay
i, bit la chn k thut hp l nht trong vn d tr phong ph v k thut ca mnh, bit nhanh
chng chuyn t hnh ng ny sang hnh ng khc gip h t c tnh linh hot cao ca cc
qu trnh thn kinh.
S a dng cc k nng- k xo vn ng, hnh ng thi u khc nhau s to iu kin pht
trin cc t cht th lc: nhanh, mnh, bn, mm do v kho lo
Tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn nh hng tch cc ti s pht trin cho ngi tp lng
dng cm, tnh kin nh, tnh quyt on, tnh sng to v k lut. Ngi tp bit hnh ng tp
th, thng xuyn hp tc v gip ln nhau, iu s gp phn gio dc thc trch nhim tp
th, tnh cm bn b, tnh tp th ... cho ngi tp.
Tp luyn bng chuyn gip c th pht trin hi ha. S phi hp hnh ng khi thc hin
cc chin thut to v p v sc li cun ngi xem. iu chng t bng chuyn l mn th
thao c sc hp dn vi qun chng cc la tui, i tng, ngnh ngh khc nhau v i ng
ngi tp bng chuyn ngy cng pht trin v ln mnh.

Chng 2
K THUT DI CHUYN
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


T th chun b v di chuyn l nhng bin php c bn, l c s tin thc hin tt cc
k thut ng tc trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn.
Mun thc hin c cc k thut ng tc nh bng trc ht ngi tp phi thc hin
nhiu t th khc nhau v bit di chuyn trn sn.
2.1. T TH CHUN B.
Trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn, cc vn ng vin lun lun phi thc hin nhiu t
th khc nhau, cc t th y c th phn chia thnh 2 loi chnh:
+ T th chun b.
+ T th nh bng.
L t th ng ca u th trn sn thun li, hp l nht quan st, phn on tt, di
chuyn kp thi theo mi hng ti v tr cn thit n nh bng.
Mc ch ca t th ny l to iu kin tt nht sn sng di chuyn. c c t th ti
u, din tch chn chm sn tng i nh, chn hi khuu khp gi, to thun li cho thc hin
vic dng chn nhanh chng bt khi im t, chuyn trng tm c th ra ngoi gii hn im
chng t v nhanh chng di chuyn theo hng bt k no .
Cn c vo mc h thp trng tm c th (ch yu mc khuu gi) c cc t th
nh bng khc nhau. Ta c :
+ T th chun b thp
+ T th chun b trung bnh.
+ T th chun b cao.
2.1.1. T th chun b thp:
Trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn, t th chun b thp thng c dng khi phng
th hng di hoc lc ym h cho ng i hay nhng ng bng tm thp.
Yu lnh ng tc: Hai chn ng m rng hn vai, hai gi khuu thp, i v cng chn to
gc nh hn 90o (t th ngi xm). Trng lng c th dn phn ln ln chn sau (chn tr), bng
hp li.
2.1.2. T th chun b trung bnh:
T th ny thng c vn dng khi pht bng v l t th c bn c vn dng nhiu
nht trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn v t th ny ngi tp c th di chuyn nhanh nht
Yu lnh ng tc: Hai chn m rng bng vai. Chn trc chn sau cch nhau khong na
bc (chn no trc l tu thuc vo v tr ng trn sn). i v cng chn to thnh gc khong
90o- 120o.
V d: Khi v tr s 1 v 2 trn sn th ng chn phi trc, chn tri sau. Khi v tr s 4
v 5 th ng chn tri trc, chn phi sau ..., chn trc tip xc t c bn chn, cn chn sau
hi king gt, hai chn hi khuu gi, trng lng c th dn ln hai chn, bng hi hp li, thn
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trn hi ng v trc, mt nhn ra trc, hai tay co khuu t nhin, bn tay hi khum v ngang
trc ngc.
2.1.3. T th chun b cao:
T th ny thng c p dng nhiu trong trng hp ngi tp ng st li chun b
chuyn hoc chn bng.
Yu lnh ng tc: Ging nh t th chun b trung bnh nhng c khc l t th ny hai
gi t khuu hn v thn ngi gn nh thng ng, i v cng chn to thnh gc trong khong
120o - 145o.
Lu : Trong qu trnh thi u thc hin cc ng tc k thut, ngi tp c th s dng
cc t th ng.
Khi t th chun b, ngi tp c th ng yn ti ch, chuyn ng ti ch nh nhng hoc
di chuyn trng tm t chn ny sang chn kia, hoc nhn nhy ti ch bng hai chn sn sng di
chuyn theo cc hng khc nhau.
Ngi tp t th ng th thc hin cc ng tc di chuyn nhanh hn khi t th tnh.
Khng ph thuc vo cc t th ng, chuyn ng sang cc pha : v trc - sang tri - sang phi ra sau. T th ng hp l hn c l t th c bn (t th ng v t th tnh).
2.2. DI CHUYN
Di chuyn trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn l phng php di chuyn ca u th t v
tr ny n v tr khc, l khu trung gian ni lin gia t th chun b v t th nh bng. Di
chuyn trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn c cc cch sau:
+ i.
+ Chy.
+ Nhy.
+ Ln ng.
2.2.1. i (bc):
Ngi tp i bng bc khuu chn (trng tm thp). Ngoi bc thng ra c th dng bc
m v bc cho, bc lt, bc nhy, bc cho, bc xoc.
2.2.1.1. Bc thng:
c vn dng nhiu khi bng n c tc chm, c li khng xa. Qu trnh thc hin thn
ngi gn ging nh t th nh bng, mt theo di bng, tay co t nhin tht lng. Kt thc giai
on di chuyn cng l lc t th nh bng c thc hin.
2.2.1.2. Bc lt:
L phng php di chuyn mt hay nhiu bc lin nhau. Di chuyn bng bc lt th chn
pha di chuyn v hng cn thit phi di ng ra trc, chn kia bc tip theo, duy tr t th c
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


bn. C th thc hin nhiu bc lin tc chn n k tip chn kia cho n khi dng li tr v t th
nh bng.
Qu trnh thc hin ng tc khng thay i cao trng tm. Ngi t th t nhin, hai
chn khuu, hai tay co t nhin, mt theo di bng, khng cng c.
2.2.1.3. Bc nhy:
L phng php di chuyn c giai on hai chn ri mt t, tuy l bc nhy, nhng trng
tm c th ch nng ln mc cn thit to cho bc nhy c di thm.
Khi thc hin bc nhy, chn bc trc co v nng cao i, chn bc sau p t bt
nhanh, khp gi y c th chuyn ng theo hng di chuyn hi chch ln cao. Lc ny chn
bc trc dui vn di v hng cn ti, hai chn ri mt t.
nh bng xong, chn sau co t nhin, chn trc chm t bng mi bn chn, chn trc
chm t ch yu bng gt chn. Khi hai chn chm t cng l lc t th nh bng c thc
hin.
Bc nhy thng vn dng trong cc trng hp sau:
+ Khi khong cch gia ngi v bng khng xa nhng ln hn bc di chuyn.
+ Khi khng kp s dng cc bc di ng khc.
2.2.1.4. Bc cho:
L phng php di chuyn hai chn bc cho nhau. Mun di chuyn sang tri th chn phi
bc qua chn tri ri chn tri bc tip, trng tm c th chuyn nhanh sang chn va bc.
Bc cho c bc cho trc v bc cho sau, s dng trong tn cng hay phng th vi
c ly di chuyn khng xa.
2.2.1.5. Bc xoc:
Di hn bc thng. Khi thc hin, chn trc bc theo hng cn di chuyn, khi chn
chm t th khuu gi nhiu, chn cn li dui t nhin hoc hi gp mt cht khp gi, ngi
t th sn sng nh bng. Bc xoc c vn dng khi bng n tm thp, ch yu l bc sang
ngang hay bc v pha trc.
2.2.2. Chy:
c im ca chy l tng tc xut pht, khong cch di chuyn ngn, t ngt thay i
hng v dng li. Bc chy cui cng phi di nht v c kt thc bng ng tc hm li ca
chn a ra trc. N gip cho ngi tp c kh nng dng li nhanh sau di chuyn hay thay i
hng di chuyn.
2.2.3. Nhy:
Trong bng chuyn c bt nhy p bng, chn bng hoc bc nhy. Nhy bt xa
bng phng th. Bt nhy c nhiu cch :
+ Bt nhy bng hai chn v mt chn.
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


+ Bt nhy ti ch v c .
Bc nhy l bc di v c giai on bay trn khng. Ni cch khc, bc nhy l s phi
hp gia i v chy. Di chuyn c th kt thc bng bc nhy v nh th cho php kt thc vic di
chuyn nhanh hn.
2.2.4. Ln v ng:
Ln trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn l cc ng tc quay xoay chuyn thn ngi.
Ng l phng php di chuyn gm c :
+ Ng sp.
+ Ng nga.
+ Ng nghing.
Ng c vn dng nhiu trong phng th nh :
+ C nhy.
+ Ln nghing cu bng.
+ Ng nga chuyn bng.
Ng khng ch l phng php bng thun li, nhanh m cn l bin php bo v thn th
khi bng

Chng 3
K THUT M BNG
Chuyn bng thp tay (m bng) l k thut s dng cng tay, bn tay d chuyn bng i,
din tip xc gia tay vi bng rng nhng im tip xc li t hn chuyn bng cao tay, do hn
ch c phm li k thut nh dnh bng, hai ting ... m bng l k thut phng th dng ch
yu pht bng, p bng v cu bng.
m bng trong bng chuyn c tc dng :
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


- c nhng ng bng nhanh, mnh, thp v kh khi i phng tn cng sang.
- Phm vi khng ch rng, c nhng ng bng xa thn ngi.
- Cu trc k thut n gin, d tip thu v thc hin thun li hn KT chuyn bng cao tay.
m bng gm cc k thut chnh:
+ m bng hai tay.
+ m bng mt tay v ln ng cu bng.
+ Ngoi ra cn c th dng thn ngi, dng chn bng.
3.1. M BNG BNG HAI TAY :
m bng bng hai tay l k thut dng khi thc hin bng i v hng bng n pha
trc mt, gn nh cng qu o chuyn ng nhng ngc chiu.
- T th chun b: Ngi ng t th trung bnh thp, hai chn rng
bng hoc hn vai, hai tay co t nhin hai bn sn, mt quan st bng,
thn hi gp.
Khi ngi tp xc nh chnh xc c im ri ca bng v tm
thch hp th hai tay a ra bng. Hai tay dui thng, hai bn tay t cho
ln nhau v nm li, bn tay n bc ly bn tay kia, hai ngn ci song song
k nhau. ( Hnh 1)

Hnh 1

- nh bng: Khi bng n tm ngang hng, cch thn ngi khong gn mt cnh tay th
thc hin nh bng. Lc ny chn p t, dui khp gi, nng trng tm thn th v nng tay. Hai
tay c chuyn ng t di ln v dng phn gia cng tay m pha di bng kt hp vi nng
tay mc cn thit. Khi hai tay chm bng cng l lc gp c tay xung di lm cng cc
nhm c cng tay, kt hp vi hp bng v gi chc b vai vi khp khuu. Hai tay thng - chc,
hai bn tay nm v p cht vo nhau, ton thn hi lao v
trc (Hnh 2).
Nu bng n vi lc nh, va phi th kt hp vi p
chn, nng nhanh tay y bng i.
Nu bng n vi tc nhanh, lc mnh th hn ch
nng tay m ghm tay bng bt i theo mun.

Hnh 2

Gc ng bng i ph thuc gc tay m bng. Gc ca tay m bng l gc to bi


mt phng t v cnh tay m bng. Gc ca tay m bng cn ph thuc gc ca ng
bng n. Gc bng n l gc to bi mt phng mt t v ng bng n.
Nu gc ca ng bng n ln th gc ca tay m bng nh.
Nu gc ca ng bng n nh th gc ca tay m bng ln.

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Trong tp luyn v thi u bng chuyn, trong iu kin cn vn dng c th, tu thuc c
im gc ca ng bng n v cao ca ng bng mun chuyn i m quyt nh gc
ca tay m bng cho ph hp.

Chng 4
K THUT CHUYN BNG
Chuyn bng l mt k thut c bn trong thi u, chuyn bng khng n thun l k thut
phng th m n cn mang tnh tn cng, nht l gi vai tr chnh trong phi hp tn cng.
Trc khi chuyn bng, ngi chuyn bng ng TTCB chn trc, chn sau, trng lng
c th dn vo chn trc. Nu ng i chuyn bng n t pha tri th bc chn phi ln trc
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


v ngc li. Ngi chuyn bng khi di chuyn ti v tr n bng bng bc thng, bc chy
y iu quan trng l ng tc xut pht phi nhanh, tng nhanh tc mt phn ba qung
ng u tin, ri sau t t dng li chn v tr n bng chuyn bng ti a ch cn
thit. TTCB, hai chn hi khuu khp gi (gc gp khp gi khng nh hn 900).
Khi bng ti gn th hai chn bt u ng tc phi hp chuyn bng bng cch dui mnh
khp gi, y ngi ln hi chch ra pha trc. Sau l ng tc ca hai tay, vn dui mnh
khp khuu to hng tay c bn ca bng khi
chuyn i. Hot ng vn dui tay y bng c
thc hin nh chuyn ng thng nh trc khp c tay
so vi trc khp vai. Khi thc hin ng tc y bng
i, hai chn p dui mnh v nhanh chng kt hp vi
hai tay vn dui khp khuu nhng chm hn.
Hnh 3

iu chnh hng bng, hai lng bn tay phi vung gc vi hng bng chuyn i, khi
tay chm y bng th bn tay hi n ra sau. Chc nng thc hin y bng ca cc ngn tay cng
khc nhau. Cc ngn ci n ra sau chu lc hon xung chnh v cng vi cc ngn tay khc bt
y bng theo hng chuyn. Cc ngn tr v ngn gia l b phn bt y chnh ca bn tay cn
cc ngn eo nhn v ngn t ch gi pha bn ca bng v iu chnh hng
bng i.
Sau khi bng ri tay, c chn v tay tip tc vn dui ht ri dng li,
ng tc ny gi l chuyn ng tay vn theo bng. ( Hnh 3)
Khi bng n trn cao pha sau u, th c th dng ng tc nhy
chuyn bng. Chy v nhy chuyn bng gn ging vi p bng. thi
im dng trn khng hai tay a ln trn u cao hn chuyn bng bnh
thng, hai tay tham gia y bng tch cc kt hp vi cc hot ng ca lng
v chn. ng tc nhy chuyn ch c th p dng khi chuyn bng nhanh.
Hiu qu tt nht ca chuyn bng l bt nhy im cao nht. ( Hnh 4)

Hnh 4

K thut chuyn bng cao tay thng c vn dng 3 t th chnh l : t th thp, t th


trung bnh v t th cao.
4.1. CHUYN BNG T TH THP.
Chuyn bng t th thp khc vi k thut chuyn bng t
th trung bnh v cao, v t th ny trng tm ngi chuyn bng
phi thp hn v thng p dng ng tc khuu chn v trc hoc
v bn phi hay tri. Chuyn bng t th thp thng p dng vi
ng bng n thp, do khi chuyn vai ngi chuyn phi hi
a v sau mt cht v ch cc ngn tay chm vo bng pha
Hnh 5
di ca qu bng. Chuyn bng t th thp, nn s phi hp v s h tr ca hai chn khi
chuyn rt t, ch hi dui v khng c s phi hp ton thn. V vy khi chuyn bng i, ng tc
vn thng ca hai tay y bng i phi tch cc hn nhiu so vi t th khc.
Khi chuyn bng t th thp, sau khi chuyn thng kt hp vi ng trc, sau hoc sang
bn. Khi chuyn bng bng hai tay kt hp vi ng nga, ngi chuyn hu nh t th ngi vo
chn sau, chuyn xong do mt thng bng nn phi ng ngi ra sau, mng chm t trc, tip n
l lng. Ngi lc ny co li, u gp vo ngc, chn co ln (Hnh 5).

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Khi chuyn bng bng hai tay di thp vi t th ng nghing l khi bng xa pha bn
cnh. Ngi chuyn di chuyn sang ngang, bc cui cng bc di
hn, trng tm dn vo chn trc v h thp m bo bng trc
mt trong phm vi tay khng ch tip cn vi bng. Khi chuyn mun
iu chnh hng bng i th dng bn chn tr xoay v hng nh
chuyn bng i (Hnh 6).
4.2. CHUYN BNG T TH TRUNG BNH.
TTCB: Ngi tp ng t th trung bnh. Khi bng n gn,
ngi chuyn bng bt u di chuyn n bng bng vic nng cnh
tay ln cao, ng thi hai gi bt u dui thng ln, ngi hi nga
v sau, thn ngi nga n khi tay chm bng th dng, khi tay tip
xc bng cao hn mt cht. Ch mi chuyn ng phi c
lin tc, nhanh dn.

Hnh 6

Hnh 7

Khi thc hin hai bn tay lc u n bng hi khum (nga v sau) n lc tip xc vi bng
th bt u vn thng ra. Khi chm bng hai bn tay thng cn cc ngn tay th ln gn v hi
cong, cc ngn tay bao quanh qu bng mt cch vng chc, to hnh ging nh ci phu vi mc
ch khng cho qu bng lt qua. Hai bn tay tip xc bng phi gn, dt khot v khng chm
lng bn tay. Phm vi ca cc ngn tay chm vo bng cng mc khc nhau : ngn ci ch
c chm vo mt t pha trn; ngn gia, ngn tr v mt phn ngn eo nhn chu lc chnh
chuyn bng i.
Sau khi chm bng, hai tay v thn ngi phi hp lc chuyn bng i. tng c tc
a bng n v tr nh th hai tay phi thng cn hai bn tay v cc ngn tay phi c s phi
hp chuyn ng dt khot v hng chuyn bng. Mc thng ca hai tay v bin chuyn
ng ca cc ngn tay ph thuc vo tnh cht chuyn bng (Hnh 07).
V d: Khi chuyn p th hai tay phi c n nh t th ban u sm hn, cn vic
chuyn bng th lc ch yu da vo cnh tay cn cc bn tay khng chuyn ng nhiu, cc ngn
tay trong lc ny phi ln gn nh khi p bng.
Ch : Khi chuyn bng i ngn tay ci hu nh khng tham gia, ngn t v ngn eo nhn
ch yu l lm nhim v h tr, cn ngn tr, ngn gia v mt phn ngn eo nhn phi hc hin
nhim v chnh l to lc chuyn bng i. Ngc li, khi giai on bt u tip xc gia bn
tay v bng (lc ghm bng) th chnh ngn eo nhn v ngn ci li phi chu mt trng lc ln
hn c so vi cc ngn khc.
1.3. CHUYN BNG T TH CAO.
K thut chuyn bng t th cao khc vi k thut chuyn bng t th trung bnh l :
TTCB : ng trn hai chn, u gi khuu t hn, thn ngi hu
nh thng v hai tay v tr gn ngang mt.
Khi tip xc bng th hai tay cao hn u mt cht, hai chn hu nh
thng. Bng c chuyn i ch yu l nh vo s hot ng tch cc, dt
khot ca cnh tay v ca hai bn tay.

Hnh 8

ng tc chuyn bng ny ch p dng khi tc ca bng bay khng nhanh lm v thng


c vn dng chuyn bc 2 trong t chc tn cng.
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Chng 5
K THUT PHT BNG
Ty theo t th ng, tnh cht chuyn ng, im tay tip xc bng khi pht m ta chia k
thut pht bng thnh hai loi c bn :
- Pht bng thp tay :
+Thp tay chnh din (trc mt).
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


+ Thp tay nghing mnh .
- Pht bng cao tay.
+ Cao tay trc mt
+ Cao tay nghing mnh.
Loi bin dng nng cao gm:
+ Pht bay.
+ Pht mnh.
+ Pht chun
5.1. K THUT PHT BNG THP TAY
5.1.1 Pht bng thp tay trc mt: .
- T th chun b: ng mt hng vo li. Chn phi t sau (cng pha vi tay thun
nh bng) cch chn tri t trc na bc, chn trc mi chn thng gc vi ng bin
ngang, trng tm dn vo chn sau. Tay tri (tay khng thun nh bng) cm bng a v trc
bng.
- Tung bng: Tay tri tung qu bng ln cao 25 - 30 cm v hi chch
ln trc mt cht.
- Vung tay nh bng: Cng lc tay tri tung bng, trng lng c
th chuyn v chn sau, gi hi khuu, tay phi (tay thun nh bng)
vung ra sau. Khi nh bng tay dui thng t nhin vung t sau - xung
di - ra trc - ln trn theo hng vung gc vi li. Dng bn tay
nh vo phn sau, pha di v tm bng tm ngay tht lng.

Hnh 9

Khi nh bng trng tm c th chuyn dn t sau ra trc. Kt thc ng tc nh bng,


thn ngi v tay vn thng theo hng bng, nhanh chng bc chn sau ln gi thng bng
v vo sn (Hnh 9).
Kiu pht bng ny c c im l khi pht ngi tp ng t th mt i din li, im
tay tip xc nh bng thp hn khp vai. Bng c tung trc mt. Tay vung to thnh mt
phng vung gc vi li. Tip xc bng tm ngang tht lng.
5.1.2. Pht bng thp tay nghing mnh:
- T th chun b: Ngi tp ng hng v vai tri hng vo li (nh tay phi), hai chn
m rng bng hoc hn vai, hai bn chn gn nh song song vi nhau, trng tm dn u vo hai
chn, tay tri cm bng tm ngang tht lng.
- Tung bng: Tay tri tung bng ln cao 40 - 50cm hi chch v pha trc mt.
- Vung tay nh bng: Lc tung bng thn ngi hi xoay
sang phi, hai chn hi khuu, trng tm dn vo chn sau. Tay phi
a xung v vung ngang ra sau, tay dui t nhin vung t sau ra
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trc v dng ci bn tay nh vo phn sau, di tm bng. Thi im tay chm bng tm
ngang ngc.
Hnh 10

Khi nh bng, trng tm c th chuyn sang chn tri, ng thi xoay thn sang tri, mt
hng li v nhanh chng bc chn phi ln gi thng bng v vo sn chun b thi u (Hnh
10).
K thut pht bng ny c c im l khi pht ngi tp ng t th chun b vai hng
li, im tay nh vo bng tm thp hn vai.
C hai cch pht bng thp tay nghing mnh:
- Cch 1: Vung tay phi xung di ra sau theo mt phng nghing so vi mt t mt gc
45 , khi tay phi ra sau th tay hi h thp xung, sau chuyn ng t sau - sang phi - ra trc
nh vo phn sau pha di tm bng tm ngang tht lng. Bn tay cng
khi tip xc vi bng. Khi nh bng xong tay phi vn theo hng bng
pht v dng li.
0

- Cch 2: Pht bng thp tay cao bng (cy nn) (Hnh 11)
+ ng t th chun b: Vai tri hng li, hai chn hi khuu h
thp trng tm. Tay tri cm bng trc mt.
+ Tung bng: Tay tri hi h xung v tung bng thng ln cao 40 - 50 cm.

Hnh 11

Hnh 10

+ Vung tay nh bng: Tay nh bng t di ln, tip xc bng l phn cnh ca ngn ci
v ngn tr, nh vo phn di bng hi lch tm v pha sau lm cho bng i thng ln cao chch
vo sn.
+ Sau khi pht, quay mt vo li, bc nhanh vo sn chun b thi u. K thut ny t khi
s dng.
Trng hp tay tri l tay thun nh bng th p dng ngc tay li.
5.2. K THUT PHT BNG CAO TAY.
5.2.1. Pht bng cao tay trc mt:
- T th chun b : Ngi tp ng mt quay vo li, chn tri trc mi chn thng gc vi
ng bin ngang, chn phi sau (chn trc cch chn sau
na bc) trng lng c th dn u trn c hai chn, tay
tri cm bng pha trc.
- Tung bng : Tay tri cm bng a ln ngang tm mt
th tung bng trc mt ln cao hn u t 80 - 100cm
thng ln trn nhng hi chch sang phi (tay nh bng).
Khi tung bng ngi pht cng c th hi khuu gi h thp
trng tm, sau vn thng hai chn ln kt hp vi ng
tc tung bng nhp nhng. (Hnh 12)

Hnh 12

Hnh 10
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Ch : Khi tung bng nu bng tm thp th ng bng s khng chnh xc.
- Vung tay nh bng :
Cng lc tay tri tung bng ln cao, tay phi co li v chuyn ng t trc ln cao ra sau,
thn trn ng v sau, mt nhn theo bng. Khi bng t trn ri xung ti tm tay gi thng th nh
mnh vo pha sau, phn di tm ca bng bng bn tay m vi cc ngn tay chm t nhin.
K thut pht bng ny c c im l khi pht bng ngi TTCB mt i din vi li, tay
tip xc lc nh bng tm cao. Bng tung cao hn u khong 1-1,5m v hi chch v trc, tay
phi vung ln trn, hi gp khp khuu v ko cn ra sau. Gc gp khp khuu ln hn 90 0 .
Cng lc vung tay, vai phi v u chuyn ng ra sau, vng ngc v tht lng cng. Khi nh
bng, tay phi dui mnh khp khuu, a tay vn ln cao kt hp vi nng vai v vung tay ra
trc nh bng (gc nghing vn tay khong 800) t pha sau hi xung di bng chuyn
ng ra trc ln cao.

Chng 6
LUT THI U BNG CHUYN

Bng chuyn l mn th thao thi u gia hai i chi trn mt sn c li phn cch
gia. Cch chi l nh bng qua li sao cho bng chm sn i phng v ngn khng cho i
phng lm tng t nh vy vi mnh. Mi i c chm bng 3 ln a bng sang sn i
phng (khng k ln chn bng).
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


Bng vo cuc bng pht bng do cu th pht bng nh bng qua trn li sang sn
ca i phng. Mt pha bng ch kt thc khi bng chm sn u, ra ngoi hoc mt i b
phm li.
Trong bng chuyn, thng trong mi pha bng c tnh mt im (tnh im trc tip).
Khi i pht bng thng mt pha bng, i ghi c mt im ng thi ginh c
quyn pht bng v cc cu th ca i thc hin di chuyn xoay vng theo chiu kim
ng h mt v tr .
1. Sn thi u :

Khu
khi
ng

3x3m

Khu pht 1x1m

3x3m

Khu
khi
ng

Bn th k

Khu thay ngi


ng tn cng

Khu pht bng

Khu phng th

Khu phng th
9m

Khu pht bng

ng gia sn
Khu tn cng

Khu t do 3m

Bin ngang

3m
Khu t do

18m

- Din tch sn thi u bao gm sn u v khu t do. Sn thi u phi l hnh ch nht v
i xng.
- Sn di 18m, rng 9m ( tnh t mp ngoi ca cc ng bin).
- Cc ng trn sn: Rng 5cm c mu sng khc vi mu sn
+ ng gia sn
+ ng tn cng: Cch ng gia sn v mi bn 3m v ko di thm mi bn
5 vch ngt qung di 15cm, cch nhau 20cm v di tng cng 1,75m .
+ ng bin ngang (ng cui sn).
+ ng bin dc v phn ko di bin dc di 15cm, cch bin ngang 20cm.
- Cc khu vc trn sn:
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


+ Khu tn cng (khu trc) mi bn sn c gii hn bi ng tn cng v
ng gia sn.
+ Khu phng th (khu sau) mi bn sn c gii hn bi ng tn cng v
bin ngang.
+ Khu pht bng: Gii hn bi bin ngang v hai vch ko di ca bin dc.
+ Khu thay ngi: Gii hn bi hai ng ko di ca ng tn cng n bn th k.
+ Khu t do: Tnh t cc ng bin tr ra t nht 3m. Khu t do ca cc cuc thi
u th gii ca FIVB rng ti thiu 5m t ng bin dc v 8m t ng bin ngang.
+ Khu khi ng : Mi gc sn ca khu t do c mt khu khi ng 3 x 3m.
+ Khu pht : Mi bn sn ca khu t do, trn ng ko di ca ng bin
ngang, sau gh ngi ca mi i c mt khu pht 1 x 1m
+ Khong khng t do: Khong khng gian trn khu sn u khng c vt cn no
tnh t mt sn tr ln t nht 7m.
- Mt sn c lm bng g hoc cht liu tng hp.
- Mt sn thi u trong nh phi l mu sng. Sn u v khu t do phi c mu sc
khc bit nhau.
2. Li :
- c cng ngang pha trn ng gia sn. Li mu en di 9,5 - 10m, rng 1m.
Mt li hnh vung cnh 10cm. Mp trn ca li c di bng trng rng 7cm. Mp di
li c gii bng trng rng 5cm
- Chiu cao mp trn li nam l 2,43m, li n l 2,24m. Chiu cao li c o
gia sn, hai u li trn ng bin dc phi cao bng nhau v khng cao hn chiu cao
quy nh 2 cm (Hnh 36).
3. ngten (cc gii hn)
Di 1,8m, ng knh 1cm c sn mu v trng xen k mi on 10cm. Cc c
buc thng ng trn li (cao hn li 0,8m) sao cho hnh chiu ca cc ln mt sn l giao
im ca bin dc v ng gia sn
ngten ( cc gii hn)
di bng trng
1m

Bng gii hn

Li nam 2,43m
Li n 2,24m
9m

2.55m

di bng trng

Ct li

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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III

4. Bng gii hn :
L hai bng trng di 1m, rng 5cm t hai bn u li thng gc vi giao im ca
ng bin dc v ng gia sn
Bng gii hn l mt phn ca li
5. Ct li :
- Ct li cao 2.55m cng gi li c t ngoi sn cch ng bin dc 1m
- Ct li trn v nhn, c c nh chc xung t, khng dng dy cp gi.
6. Bng :
- Bng hnh cu trn lm bng da mm hoc da tng hp, bn trong c rut bng cao su
hoc cht liu tng t.
- Mu sc phi ng mu hoc phi hp cc mu .
- Chu vi ca bng : 65 - 67cm, trng lng ca bng : 260cm - 280cm .
2
- p lc trong ca bng : 0,30 - 0,325 kg/cm
- Mi qu bng dng trong mt trn u phi c cng chu vi, trng lng, p lc, chng
loi, mu sc ...
7. i bng :
- Mi i c php ng k thi u ti a 12 cu th (trong c 1 cu th t do
Libero). Ch c cu th ng k mi c vo sn thi u.
- Mi i cn c 1 hun luyn vin trng, 1 hun luyn vin ph v 1 bc s.
- Vn ng vin Libero khng c lm i trng hoc i trng trn sn.
- Khi bng ngoi cuc, ch c i trng trn sn c quyn ni vi trng ti.
- Trong sut trn u, hun luyn vin c ch o i mnh t bn ngoi sn u.
Hun luyn vin l ngi quyt nh i hnh thi u, thay ngi v xin hi . Khi thc hin cc
vic ny, hun luyn vin lin h trng ti th hai.
8. i thng trn :
Mi trn thi u 5 hip, i no thng 3 hip (3-0; 3-1; 3-2) l thng trn.
9. i thng 1 hip :
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


- Trong 1 pha nh bng, im c tnh trc tip:
+ i pht bng thng c tip tc pht v cng 1 im.
+ i pht bng thng th ginh quyn pht bng v cng 1 im.
- T hip 1 n hip 4
+ i no n 25 im trc v hn i kia t nht 2 im (25 - 23; 25 - 17; ....)
+ Trng hp ha 24 - 24, phi u tip cho n khi hn nhau 2 im (26 - 24;
29 - 27; .....) khng c im gii hn cui cng.
- Hip 5 (hip quyt thng)
+ i no n 15 im trc v hn i kia t nht 2 im (15 - 13; 15 - 7; ....)
+ Trng hp ha 14 - 14, phi u tip cho n khi hn nhau 2 im (16 - 14;
20 - 18; .....) khng c im gii hn cui cng.
11. Thay ngi :
- Mi i mi hip c thay ti a 6 ln ngi. Trong mt ln c th thay mt hay
nhiu cu th.
- Trong mt hip :
+ Cu th ca i hnh chnh thc thay ra c php thay vo sn li ng cu th
thay mnh.
+ Cu th d b c vo sn thay cho cu th chnh thc mt ln v ch c
thay ra bng chnh cu th chnh thc thay.
- Thay ngi phi c php ca trng ti khi bng ngoi cuc.
- Phi thc hin thay ngi trong khu thay ngi.
- Thay ngi ca cu th t do (Libero) khng tnh vo thay ngi thng thng.
12. Hi :
- T hip 1 n 4 :
+ Mi i mi hip c hi thng 2 ln (khng qu 30 giy/ ln). Hi phi
c php ca trng ti khi bng ngoi cuc.
+ Ngoi ra, mi hip c thm 2 ln "hi k thut", mi ln di 60 giy khi c mt i
dn im trc t im th 8 v 16.
- Hip 5 khng c "hi k thut". Mi i ch c 2 ln hi thng (khng qu 30
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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


giy/ ln).
- Trong khi hi , cc cu th trn sn phi ra khu t do gn bng gh ca i mnh.
13. Bng trong cuc :
c tnh t lc ngi pht bng nh qu bng i sau ting ci cho php pht bng
ca trng ti 1.
14. Bng ngoi cuc (bng cht) :
c tnh t thi im trng ti 1 hoc 2 thi ci bt li. Khng tnh phm li tip sau
ting ci bt li ca trng ti.
15. Bng trong sn :
L bng chm sn u k c cc ng bin.
16. Bng ngoi sn :
- Phn bng chm sn hon ton ngoi cc ng bin.
- Bng chm vt ngoi sn, chm trn nh hay ngi ngoi i hnh thi u trn sn.
- Bng chm cc v bay ngoi cc ngten.
- Bng chm dy buc li, ct li hay phn li ngoi bng gii hn.
- Bay qua hon ton khong khng di li.
17. S ln chm bng :
- Mi i chm bng ti a 3 ln (tr chn bng) a bng sang sn i phng. S
ln chm bng ca i c tnh c khi cu th chm bng c tnh hay v tnh.
- Mi cu th khng c chm bng 2 ln lin tip (tr chn bng).
- Hai hoc ba cu th c th chm bng trong cng mt thi im th tnh hai hoc ba ln
chm bng (tr chn bng).
- Trong khu thi u khng c php h tr nh bng t cu th hoc bt c vt g.
Tuy nhin, khi mt cu th sp phm li (chm li, qua vch gia sn ...) th ng i c th gi
li hoc ko tr v sn mnh.
18. Tnh cht chm bng :
- Bng c th chm mi phn ca thn th.
- Bng c nh i khng dnh (nng, cm, y, nm) v bt ra bt c hng no.
- Bng c th chm nhiu phn thn th nhng phi lin cng mt lc.

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L THUYT BNG CHUYN HC PHN III


- Trng hp ngoi l :
+ Khi chn bng, mt hay nhiu cu th chn bng c th chm bng lin tc min l
nhng ln chm phi xy ra trong cng mt hnh ng.
+ Trong ln chm bng u tin ca 1 i, bng c th chm lin tip nhiu b
phn ca thn th trong cng 1 hnh ng.
19. Pht bng :
- Cu th pht bng bng mt tay hoc bt c phn no ca cnh tay sau khi tung
hoc bng ri khi bn tay.
- Ch c tung hay bng ri tay mt ln. c php p bng, chuyn ng bng
trong tay.
- Li trc khi pht :
+ ng ngoi khu pht bng.
+ Chn chm ng bin ngang hoc chm sn u.
+ nh bng bng 2 tay.
+ Qu 8 giy sau ting ci ca trng ti 1.
+ Sai trt t xoay vng.
- Li sau khi pht :
+ Khng qua li, qua di li.
+ Chm cc v i ngoi cc ngten.
- Bng chm li ri vt qua trn li sang sn i phng vn c xem l bng
trong cuc.

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