Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.
Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny l bt buc p dng. Cho php p dng thm cc tiu chun khc khi
c m bo trnh k thut v an ton cao hn quy nh ca tiu chun ny.
Tiu chun ny quy nh nhng yu cu c bn v phng chy v chng chy ( vit tt
l PCCC) khi thit k, xy dng mi hoc ci to nh v cng trnh cng nh| khi thm
nh thit k v xt quyt nh |a nh, cng trnh vo s dng.
Khi thit k nh v cng trnh ngoi vic tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun ny,
cn phi tun theo cc quy nh c lin quan cc tiu chun hin hnh khc.
Cc cng trnh c th chuyn ngnh c yu cu PCCC c bit c nhng quy nh
PCCC ring, v d: kho cha cc cht d chy, d n, kho cha cc ha cht c hi.
Cc cng trnh trn ch p dng mt s quy nh thch hp ca tiu chun ny.
Cc cng trnh tm thi, c thi gian s dng khng qu 5 nm ch p dng phn li
thot nn v tham kho cc phn khc ca tiu chun ny.
2. Quy nh chung
2.1. Thit k ngi nh, cng trnh, cm cng trnh, k c cng trnh do n|c ngoi thit k,
u t|, phi p dng cc yu cu PCCC v phi |c tha thun v ni dung ny vi c
quan PCCC.
2.2. Ngi nh v cng trnh |c chia thnh 5 bc chu la I, II, III, IV, V. Bc chu la
ca ngi nh v cng trnh |c xc nh theo gii hn chu la ca cc cu kin xy
dng ch yu ca n. Xem bng 2.
2.3. Cc cng trnh sn xut cng nghip |c chia thnh su hng sn xut theo mc
nguy him v chy v n ca cng ngh sn xut v tnh cht ca cc cht nguyn
liu t trong n theo bng l.
Hng sn xut
A
Nguy him chy n
B
Nguy him chy n
C
Nguy him chy
D
Khng th hin c
tnh nguy him ca
sn xut
E
Khng th hin c
tnh nguy him ca
sn xut
F
Nguy him n
Ch thch:
1) Cc cng trnh sn xut thuc hng sn xut t|ng ng xem ph lc B
2) Cc kho ty theo tnh cht nguy him v chy n ca hng ha v nguyn liu cha trong
m xc nh hng sn xut ph hp vi quy nh ca bng 1;
3) Cc cng ngh sn xut c s dng nhin liu t chy l cc cht lng, cht kh v
hi hoc ngn la trn u khng thuc hng sn xut A, B, C;
2.4.
Thut ng - nh ngha
nh ngha
2
Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao bc chy, chy
m hay b ccbon ha v tip tc chy m hoc ccbon ha
sau khi cch ly ngun chy.
Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao th bc chy,
chy m , hoc cacbon ha v tip tc chy, chy m hoc
cacbon ha khi c ngun chy. Nh|ng sau khi cch ly khi
ngun chy th ngng chy hoc ngng chy m .
Vt liu d|i tc ng ca la hay nhit cao khng bc chy
khng m v khng b ccbon ha.
A. Incandescence
16. S chy m
Chy khng thnh ngn la ca cht rn hu c, th|ng xy ra
khi khng oxy v to khi.
A. Smolder
17. S ccbon ha
S to thnh ccbon v tro do kt qu nhit phn hoc chy
khng hon ton cc cht hu c
A. Carbonization
18. S t chy
S gy chy c ch nh v kim sot |c
A. Combustion
19. m chy
S chy khng kim sot |c, c th gy thit hi v ng|i, ti
sn.
A. Fire
20. Nguyn nhn gy ra m iu kin v (hoc) tnh trng trc tip gy ra m chy
chy
A. Fire cause
21. Nguy c chy
Tnh trng c tr|ng bi kh nng trc tip pht sinh chy.
A. Threat of fire
22. Nguy him chy
Kh nng pht sinh v pht trin m chy c sn trong vt cht,
trong tnh trng mi tr|ng hoc trong qu trnh no .
A. Fire hazard
23. An ton chy
Tnh trng hoc tnh cht ca cc sn phm, cc ph|ng php,
ph|ng tin sn xut v cc khu vc m bo loi tr |c kh
A. Fire safety
nng pht sinh chy v hn ch |c hu qu khi chy xy ra
nh cc bin php t chc, cc gii php k thut v cng ngh.
24. S thot nn
S s tn ng|i t vng nguy him chy theo cc li thot ra
vng an ton.
A. Evacuation
25. K hoch thot nn
Vn bn ch dn li, ca thot nn v quy nh cch ng x ca
mi ng|i, nhim v ca nhng ng|i c trch nhim khi t
A. Evacuation plan
chc thot nn khi m chy.
26. H thng phng chy
Tng hp tt c cc yu cu, cc bin php, cc ph|ng tin v
cc ph|ng php nhm loi tr kh nng pht sinh m chy
A. Fire prevention System
Tng hp tt c cc yu cu, cc bin php, cc ph|ng tin v
27. H thng chng chy
cc ph|ng php nhm ngn nga chy, hn ch lan truyn, m
bo dp tt m chy, ngn chn cc yu t nguy him v c hi
A. Fire protection system
i vi ng|i, hn ch n mc thp nht thit hi v ti sn.
Hot ng ca ng|i v ph|ng tin cha chy vi vic p dng
28. Cha chy
cc ph|ng php ngn chn s lan truyn v dp tt m
A.Fire fighting opetations
chy.
29. Cht dp chy
Cht c cc tnh cht l, ha to ra iu kin lm ngng chy
v dp tt chy.
A. Fire extinguishing agent
30. Cung cp n|c cha chy Tng hp cc bin php v ph|ng tin, dng c d tr v vn
A. Fire fighting water supply chuyn n|c s dng cha chy.
31. Ph|ng php cha chy
Ph|ng php s dng cc cht dp chy vi cc thit b cn thit
v nhng ph|ng tin khc ngn chn s lan truyn v dp tt
A. Method of fire fighting
m chy.
32. Dp tt hon ton
Hot ng ca ng|i v ph|ng tin cha chy, vi vic p dng
cc ph|ng php nhm dp tt hon ton m chy v loi tr
A. Fire liquidation
kh nng chy tr li.
4.
Ti liu trch dn
1. TCVN 2622: 1978. Phng chy, cha chy cho nh v cng trnh. YCTK
2. TCVN 5303: 1990. An ton chy. Thut ng v nh ngha
3. TCVN 4513: 1988. Cp n|c bn trong
4. TCVN 5760: 1993. H thng cha chy, yu cu chung thit k, lp t v s
dng.
5. TCVN 5738: 1993. H thng bo chy. YCTK
5. Tnh chu la ca vt liu, cu kin xy dng ngi nh v cng trnh
5.1. Gii hn chu la ti thiu v mc chy ca cc cu kin xy dng ch yu ng
vi bc chu la ca nh v cng trnh |c quy nh trong bng 2.
Bng 2
Gii hn chu la, (pht)
Bc chu
la ca
ngi nh
Ct t|ng
chu lc,
bung
thang
Chiu
ngh, bc
v cc
cu kin
khc ca
thang
T|ng
ngoi
khng
chu lc
T|ng
trong
khng
chu lc
(t|ng
ngn)
Tm lt
v cc
cu kin
chu lc
khc ca
sn
Tm lt
v cc
cu kin
chu lc
khc ca
mi
(1)
I
II
(2)
150
120
(3)
60
60
(4)
30
15
(5)
30
15
(6)
60
45
III
120
60
15
15
45
IV
30
15
15
15
15
(7)
30
15
Khng
quy nh
Khng
quy nh
Khng quy nh
Ch thch:
1) Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la III th sn tng mt v tng trn cng phi lm bng
vt liu kh chy, sn tng hm hay tng chn t|ng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy, c
gii hn chu la khng d|i 60 pht;
2) Trong cc ngi nh bc chu la IV, V th sn ca tng hm hay tng chn t|ng phi
lm bng vt liu kh chy, c gii hn chu la d|i 45 pht;
3) Trong cc phng c sn xut, s dng hay bo qun cht lng d chy v chy |c sn
phi lm bng vt liu khng chy;
4) i vi cc ngi nh c tng hm mi m kt cu chu lc ca mi l vt liu khng chy
th cho php lp mi bng vt liu d chy m khng ph thuc vo bc chu la ca ngi
nh;
5) i vi nhng ngi nh cch |ng xe la u my hi n|c d|i 30 m, th khng |c
lp mi bng vt liu d chy;
5.4.
Vic tng thm gii hn chu la ca mt vi cu kin xy dng khng th xem nh|
nng bc chu la ca ngi nh hay cng trnh.
i vi cc bc chu la I, II cho php khng theo gii hn chu la nh| quy nh
trong bng 2 khi:
a) Dng kt cu thp khng c bo v trong nh sn xut mt tng, m khng ph
thuc vo tnh ton nguy him v chy ca hng sn xut b tr trong ;
b) Dng kt cu thp khng c bo v trong nh sn xut nhiu tng khi b tr trong
cc hng sn xut D v E;
c) Dng kt cu thp trong nh sn xut nhiu tng khi trong b tr cc cng ngh
sn xut hng A, B v C vi iu kin phi bo v kt cu thp bng vt liu chng
chy c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht tt c cc tng, tr tng trn cng;
d) Dng kt cu thp che mi, tng hm, mi v sn trong cc nh, cng trnh cng
cng bc chu la I, II m cc kt cu c bo v bng cc vt liu khng chy
hoc sn chng chy, c gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht. i vi cc nh v
cng trnh cng cng m|i tng tr ln th phi bo v cc kt cu bng vt liu
chng chy, c gii hn chu la khng d|i 60 pht.
Gii hn chu la (pht) ca cc cu kin ch yu bng g cc nh mt tng ca
cng trnh nng nghip, cng trnh cng cng, nh kho, nh sn xut c bc chu la
II |c quy nh trong bng 3.
Bng 3
Bc chu la
ca nh, cng
trnh
Ct
II
120
Cu kin g ch yu
T|ng ngoi bng
Mi
tm panen treo
30
30
45
T|ng chu lc bn
trong (vch ngn)
15
Ch thch:
1) i vi cc nh sn xut, nh v cng trnh cng cng, nh kho v hng sn xut B, cc
cu kin nu trong bng 3 phi |c x l chng chy;
2) Khng cho php s dng cc kt cu g nu trn i vi cc nh sn xut, nh kho c
hng sn xut A v B.
5.5.
Gii hn chu la ti thiu (pht) ca cc b phn ngn chy hay trong cc ngi nh
thuc tt c nm bc chu la |c quy nh nh| sau:
Tn cc b phn ngn chy
60
45
5.6.
5.7.
5.8.
5.9.
5.10. T|ng ngoi ca cc nh mt, hai tng thuc bc chu la II, III lm bng thp tm
hoc tm fibr xi mng th lp cch nhit phi s dng vt liu kh chy.
5.11. Trong nh kiu cn h t ba tng tr ln, t|ng ngn gia cc n nguyn phi
lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 60 pht. T|ng ngn gia
cc cn h phi lm bng vt liu khng chy c gii hn chu la t nht 40 pht.
trong nh c bc chu la II, III cao d|i su tng, cho php t|ng ngn gia cc
phng ca cng mt cn h lm bng vt liu kh chy vi gii hn chu la t nht
15 pht.
5.12. T|ng ngn bao che hnh lang gia ca nh c bc chu la I, phi lm bng vt liu
khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 30 pht v ca nh c bc chu la II, III, IV
phi lm bng vt liu khng chy hay kh chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 15
pht. Ring vi nh c bc chu la II ca hng sn xut D, E c th bao che hnh
lang bng t|ng knh.
5.13. Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, III. Sn v trn ca tng hm, tng chn
t|ng phi lm bng vt liu khng chy vi gii hn chu la t nht 90 pht.
5.14. Trong cc ngi nh c bc chu la I, II, III cao t ba tng tr ln, sn ca bung
thang, tin snh c li i t thang ra ca ngoi phi c gii hn chu la t nht 60
pht.
Ch thch:
1) Nh c bc chu la III cao n ba tng cho php sn, ca bung thang v tin snh c
gii hn chu la 45 pht, nu c li ra ngoi trc tip;
5.15. Khung ca trn treo phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Tm lt, trn treo cho php
s dng vt liu d chy tr cc tm trn hnh lang chung, cu thang, bung thang,
tin snh, phng ngh, phng i ca cc ngi nh c bc chu la I n IV.
Trong khong trng gia trn treo v mi, khng |c t mng, |ng ng dn kh,
hn hp bi, cht lng v vt liu d chy.
5.16. Cc cu trc to nn dc sn trong cc phng phi ph hp vi gii hn chu la
ca cc tm, mt lt v cc cu kin chu la ca sn quy nh bng 2.
5.17. Trong cc phng sn xut c s dng hoc bo qun cc cht lng d chy, sn phi
lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Trong cc ngi nh thuc tt c cc bc chu la, tr bc chu la V, khng cho php
thc hin cng tc hon thin p lt t|ng v ca hnh lang chnh, bung thang, tin
snh, phng i, phng khch bng vt liu d chy. Khng cho php lp t sn
tin snh bung thang, phng m bung thang bng vt liu d chy. Trong cc nh
c bc chu la I n III khng cho php s dng vt liu d chy v kh chy
hon thin mt t|ng ngoi.
Ca ca cc t t|ng t hng cha chy cho php lm bng vt liu d chy.
5.18. Trong khu vc cng nghip, cc cng trnh thuc bt k hng sn xut no khi bt
u sn xut, u khng |c s dng cc loi nh tm bng vt liu d chy.
6. Cc b phn ngn chy
6.1. Cc b phn ngn chy ca ngi nh bao gm: T|ng, vch ngn chy, sn ngn
chy, vng ngn chy; khoang ngn chy; l ca v ca ngn chy, van ngn cch.
6.2. Cc b phn ngn chy phi lm bng vt liu khng chy. Ca i, ca s, l ca v
cc cu trc b tr cc b phn ngn chy phi |c lm t vt khng chy hoc
kh chy vi gii hn chu la quy nh.
6.3. T|ng ngn chy phi |c xy t mng hay dm mng n ht chiu cao ca ngi
nh, ct qua tt c cc cu trc v cc tng. Cho php t t|ng ngn chy trc tip
ln kt cu khung lm t vt liu khng chy ca nh hay cng trnh vi iu kin
gii hn chu la ca phn khung tip gip vi t|ng ngn chy khng |c thp hn
gii hn chu la ca t|ng ngn chy.
6.5.
6.6.
6.7.
6.8.
6.9.
Trong ngi nh c t|ng ngoi bng vt liu kh chy hay d chy th t|ng ngn
chy phi ct qua cc bc t|ng y v nh ra khi mt t|ng khng t hn 30 cm.
Cho php t|ng ngn chy khng nh ra mt t|ng ngoi nu t|ng ngoi |c lm
bng vt liu khng chy.
L ca b tr trn mt t|ng tip gip vi t|ng ngn chy phi cch ch giao nhau
gia hai t|ng ny theo chiu ngang t nht 4m v cnh ca phi c gii hn chu la
t nht 45 pht.
Trong t|ng ngn chy, cho php b tr cc |ng ng dn khi, thng gi, ch tip
gip gia t|ng v |ng ng phi |c bt kn bng va v gii hn chu la ca
t|ng ch t |ng ng khng d|i 150 pht.
Thit k t|ng ngn chy phi tnh ton m bo bn vng khi c s ph hy
t mt pha do chy ca sn, mi hay cc kt cu khc.
Sn ngn chy phi gn kn vi t|ng ngoi lm t vt liu khng chy. Khi t|ng
ngoi ca ngi nh c kh nng lan truyn chy hoc c lp knh th sn ngn chy
phi ct qua t|ng v phn lp knh .
6.10. Trong mi tr|ng hp, cho php thay i t|ng ngn chy bng vng ngn chn
chy vi chiu rng khng nh hn 12m. Vng ngn chy l khong m chia ngi
nh theo sut chiu rng (chiu di) v chiu cao.
Cc phng trong vng ngn chy khng |c s dng hay bo qun cc cht kh,
cht lng v vt liu d chy cng nh| cc qu trnh to ra bi d chy. Gii hn chu
la ca cc cu kin v b phn ca ngi nh trong vng ngn chy phi m bo:
- 45 pht i vi t|ng ngn gia vng ngn chy v cc khu vc khc
- 15 pht i vi vch ngn
- 150 pht i vi ct
- 45 pht i vi sn, mi v t|ng ngoi.
Ch thch: Trong cc ngi nh mt tng c bc chu la III, IV, V khng s dng bao quan
cc cht kh, cht lng d chy cng nh| khng c cc qu trnh to ra bi d chy cho
php thay th t|ng ngn chy bng vng ngn chy vi chiu rng khng nh hn 6m.
6.11. Trn ranh gii vng ngn chy vi cc khu vc khc phi c t|ng ngn chy vi
gii hn chu la khng t hn 45 pht v cc tm ngn thang ng bng vt liu
khng chy trong gii hn chiu cao ca cc kt cu chu lc ca mi nh|ng khng
nh hn l,5m.
6.12. Cc gii php kt cu ca vng ngn chy cc cng trnh theo thit k, phi m
bo cc chc nng ca vng ngn chy khi cc kt cu ni vi n b ph hy mt
pha do chy.
6.13. Trong cc b phn ngn chy, |c php t cc loi ca i, ca s, cng, l ca v
van vi iu kin l cc loi ca v van ngn chy hoc c khong m ngn chy.
Din tch chung ca cc loi ca v l trong b phn ngn chy khng |c v|t qu
6.14.
6.15.
6.16.
6.17.
25% din tch ca b phn , ca i v cng ngn chy phi l loi t ng kn, ca
s chy phi l loi khng t m.
T|ng, sn, ca ca khoang m phi l loi ngn chy. Trong khoang m, |c
lm ca kn t vt liu d chy vi chiu dy khng nh hn 4 cm nu cc ca ny
m vo cc phng m trong khng s dng, bo qun cc cht v vt liu d chy
cng nh| khng c qu trnh lin quan n vic to ra cc bi d chy.
Khng |c php t cc |ng ng, cc m|ng ging vn chuyn cc cht chy
th kh, lng, rn cng nh| bi v cc vt liu d chy i qua t|ng, sn v vng
ngn chy.
Cc |ng ng, knh, ging (ngoi tr ng dn n|c, hi n|c) vn chuyn cc
cht v vt liu khc vi nhng loi nu iu 15, khi ct qua t|ng, sn v vng
ngn chy phi t cc thit b t ng ngn chn s lan truyn cc sn phm chy
trong cc knh ging v |ng ng khi c chy.
Cc cu trc bao quanh ging thang v phng t my ca thang my, cc knh,
ging, hc t|ng t cc |ng ng dn phi m bo yu cu ca t|ng, vch v
sn ngn chy vi gii hn chu la khng t hn 60 pht.
Ch thch: Khi khng c kh nng lp t t|ng bao ca ging thang my cc ca ngn
chy, phi t khoang m vi cc vch ngn chy c gii hn chu la 45 pht.
7. Li thot nn
7.1. Li thot nn phi m bo mi ng|i trong phng, ngi nh thot ra an ton,
khng b khi bi che ph, trong thi gian cn thit s tn khi xy ra chy.
7.2. Cc li ra |c coi l thot nn nu chng tha mn mt trong cc iu kin sau:
a) Dn t cc phng ca tng mt ra ngoi trc tip hoc qua hnh lang, tin snh,
bung thang;
b) Dn t cc phng ca bt k tng no, khng k tng mt, n hnh lang dn n
bung thang, k c i qua ngn m. Khi cc bung thang phi c li ra ngoi
trc tip hay qua tin snh |c ngn cch vi cc hnh lang bng vch ngn c ca
i;
c) Dn n cc phng bn cnh cng mt tng c li ra nh| mc a v b.
Khi t cc li ra thot nn t hai bung thang qua tin snh chung th mt trong hai
bung thang phi c li ra ngoi trc tip ngoi li vo tin snh.
Cc li ra ngoi cho php t thng qua ngn ca m;
Cc li ra t tng hm, tng chn ct phi trc tip ra ngoi.
7.3. Li ra c th l ca i, hnh lang hoc li i dn ti cu thang trong hay cu thang
ngoi ti hin dn ra |ng ph hay mi nh, hay c khu vc an ton. Li ra cn bao
gm c li i ngang dn sang cng trnh lin cng cao.
7.4. Thang my v cc ph|ng tin chuyn ng|i khc khng |c coi l li thot nn.
7.5. Cc li ra phi d nhn thy v |ng dn ti li ra phi |c nh du r rng bng
k hiu h|ng dn.
7.6. Khng |c lp g|ng gn li ra.
7.7. S li thot nn ra khi ngi nh khng |c t hn hai; cc li thot nn phi |c
b tr phn tn.
Khong cch xa nht t ni tp trung ng|i n li thot nn gn nht |c quy nh
trong bng 4, 5.
Mt tng
50
100
80
50
50
100
50
50
Khng quy nh
100
60
50
100
Nh nhiu tng
Hai tng
40
75
60
30
Khng quy nh
60
40
Khng quy nh
75
50
40
80
40
75
60
Khng quy nh
60
75
75
75
75
Ch thch:
1) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, c th p dng cho tng mt ca nh nhiu tng
nh| i vi nh mt tng;
2) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, cho php tng 5% nu din tch bnh qun mt
ch lm vic ca ca lm vic ng nht trn 75m2;
3) i vi cc phng c li vo hnh lang ct, th khong cch gn nht t ca i ca
phng n li thot trc tip ra ngoi, vo tin snh hay bung thang khng qu 25m;
4) Khong cch quy nh trong bng ny, |c tnh c chiu di hnh lang gia nu hnh
lang gia |c coi l li thot nn;
5) Trong nh sn xut mt tng, bc chu la I v II vi sn xut thuc hng C, khi khng
p dng |c quy nh trong bng 5 th li thot nn phi b tr theo chu vi ngi nh v
khong cch khng qu 75m.
Nh ph
tr
trong
cng
trnh
cng
nghip
Nh tr
mu
gio
Bnh
vin
Cng
trnh
cng
cng
Nh
tp th
Cc cng
trnh nu
ct 2, 3, 4,
5
Nh tp
th cn h
(1)
I
II
III
IV
V
(2)
50
50
30
25
20
(3)
20
20
15
12
10
(4)
30
30
25
20
15
(5)
40
40
30
25
20
(6)
40
40
30
25
20
(7)
25
25
15
12
10
(8)
25
25
20
15
10
Ch thch:
1) Trong cng trnh c khn gi, khong cch quy nh trong bng 5 phi tnh t ch ngi
xa nht n li thot gn nht;
2) Khong cch t ca i cc gian ph trong nh sn xut n, li ra ngoi hay bung
thang gn nht khng |c v|t qua khong cch quy nh t ch lm vic xa nht n li
thot nn trong nh sn xut mt tng, c bc chu la t|ng |ng quy nh bng 4.
7.8.
7.9.
i vi phng c din tch n 300m2 tng hm hay tng chn ct cho php ch t
mt li ra nu s ng|i th|ng xuyn trong phng khng qu nm ng|i. Khi s
ng|i t su n mi lm cho php t li ra th hai thng qua ca c kch th|c
khng nh 0,6 x 0,8m, c cu thang thng ng hoc qua ca i c kch th|c khng
nh hn 0,75 x l,5m.
Phi t lan can hoc t|ng chn trn mi nhng ngi nh c cc iu kin sau:
dc mi, (%)
12
12
10
7
Phi t lan can dc t|ng chn cho mi bng (khi mi |c s dng), ban cng, l
gia hnh lang ngoi, cu thang ngoi tri, chiu ngh cu thang.
7.10. i vi cc ngi nh c chiu cao tnh t mt t san nn n mi ua hay nh
t|ng ngoi (t|ng chn mi) t l0m tr ln phi t cc li ln mi t bung thang
(trc tip hay qua tng hm mi, hoc thang cha chy ngoi tri).
7.12.
7.13.
7.14.
7.15.
7.16. Khi ca i ca cc phng m ra hnh lang chung, chiu rng tnh ton ca li thot
nn |c ly nh| sau:
Khi m mt pha hnh lang: ly bng chiu rng hnh lang tr i na chiu rng
cnh ca;
Khi ca m hai pha hnh lang: ly bng chiu rng hnh lang tr i chiu rng
cnh ca.
7.17. Chiu rng thng thy nh nht cho php ca li thot nn |c quy nh nh| sau:
Li thot nn
Li i
Hnh lang
Ca i
V thang
Ch thch:
1) Chiu rng li i n ch lm vic bit lp |c php gim n 0,7m. Chiu rng v
thang chiu ngh vo tng hm, tng hm mi v cu thang thot nn cho khng qu 60
ng|i |c php gim n 0,90m;
2) Chiu rng hnh lang trong nh |c php gim n 1,20m khi chiu di on hnh
lang thng khng qu 40m;
Trong khch sn, tr|ng hc chiu rng hnh lang gia t nht 1,60m;
3) Chiu rng ca chiu ngh cu thang khng |c nh hn chiu rng v thang. Chiu
rng chiu ngh tr|c li vo thang my c ca m y ngang khng |c nh hn l,60m.
Chiu rng chiu ngh cu thang trong cc cng trnh phng v cha bnh, nh h sinh
khng |c nh hn 1,90m.
Gia cc v thang phi c khe h hp nht 50mm.
7.18. Chiu cao thng thy ca ca i cc li thot nn khng nh hn 2m. Chiu cao
ca ca v li i dn n cc phng khng th|ng xuyn c ng|i cng nh| n cc
tng ngm, tng chn t|ng v tng k thut cho, php gim n l,90m. Chiu cao
cc ca i dn ra tng st mi hay mi (khi khng c tng st mi) cho php gim
n 1,50m.
7.19. cc hnh lang chung khng cho php t cc t t|ng ngoi tr cc t k thut v
hp t hng cu ha.
Khng cho php t cu thang xoy c, bc thang r qut; ca xp, ca y, ca
nng, ca quay trn li thot nn.
7.20. Trong bung thang dng thot nn khng |c b tr cc phng vi bt k chc
nng no. Khng |c b tr bt k b phn no nh ra khi mt t|ng cao n
2,2m cch mt bc cu thang v chiu ngh.
7.21. cc ngi nh c bc chu la I v II cho php t cu thang bn trong kiu h
(khng c t|ng ngn thnh bung thang) t tin snh n tng 2 nu tin snh |c
ngn cch vi hnh lang k cc phng bn cnh bng vch ngn chng chy c gii
hn chu la 45 pht.
7.22. Cc cu thang ngoi kiu h nh dng lm li thot nn d phng phi |c lm t
vt liu khng chy v thng vi cc phng qua chiu ngh hoc ban cng cng
cao ca li thot nn. Cu thang trn phi c dc khng ln hn 45o v chiu rng
khng nh hn 0,7m. Cc ca i, ca li ra cu thang loi ny khng |c c kha
hay cc cht chn t pha ngoi.
8.1.
Yu cu v khong cch PCCC gia cc ngi nh v cng trnh cng nh| |ng giao
thng phc v cho vic cha chy phi |c gii quyt kt hp vi yu cu ca quy
hoch khu vc ni t cng trnh.
8.2.
Khong cch PCCC gia nh v cng trnh l khong cch thng thy gia t|ng
ngoi hay kt cu pha ngoi ca cc cng trnh .
Tr|ng hp ngi nh c cc kt cu nh ra khi mt ngoi t|ng trn lm v bng vt
liu d chy th khong cch PCCC l khong cch gia hai mp ngoi kt cu .
8.3.
Bc chu la ca
ngi nh th nht
I v II
III
IV
I v II
III
IV
V
6
8
10
10
8
8
10
10
10
10
12
15
10
10
15
15
Ch thch:
1) Khong cch phng chy gia cc u hi nh khng quy nh nu t|ng hi ca ngi
nh cao nht l t|ng ngn chy;
2) i vi nhng ngi nh hai tng, kt cu kiu khung v lp ghp tm thuc bc chu la
V, th khong cch quy nh trong bng phi tng 20%;
3) i vi cc vng ni, cc a ph|ng c gi kh nng (gi Ty Nam tiu vng kh hu
xy dng IIB trong tiu chun thit k TCXD 49-72) khong cch gia nh, cng trnh c
bt k bc chu la no n nh v cng trnh c bc chu la IV v Vphi tng 25%;
4) Khi t|ng ngoi i din ca hai ngi nh khng c l ca th khong cch phng chy
quy nh trong bng 6 cho php gim 20%.
8.7.
8.8.
Cc |ng ph chnh, |ng khu vc phi cch t|ng nh v nh cng cng khng
d|i 5m pha c li vo nh.
Khong cch gia cc |ng khu vc xuyn qua hoc xen gia cc ngi nh phi
bo m khng qu 180m.
|ng ct mt ln xe khng |c di qu 150m, cui |ng phi c bi quay xe vi
din tch:
- Hnh tam gic u, cnh khng nh hn 7m
- Hnh vung c kch th|c cnh khng nh hn 12 x 12m
- Hnh trn, |ng knh khng nh hn l0m.
|ng giao thng khu vc xuyn qua ngi nh, qua cng hay hnh lang, phi bo
m:
Chiu rng thng thy, khng nh hn 3,5m
Chiu cao thng thy, khng nh hn 4,25m
i vi cng trnh cng nghip, khong cch PCCC gia cc ngi nh |c quy nh
trong bng 7.
Bng 7
Bc chu la ca
ngi nh hay cng
trnh
(1)
I + II
III
IV + V
III
(3)
9
IV y V
(4)
12
12
15
15
18
8.9.
Trong cng trnh cng nghip, b tr |ng giao thng n tng ngi nh phi kt
hp gia yu cu ca cng ngh vi |ng cho xe cha chy bn ngoi.
8.10. |ng cho xe cha chy bn ngoi phi bo m:
Chy dc theo mt pha nh khi chiu rng nh nh hn 18m
Chy c theo hai pha nh, khi chiu rng nh bng hay ln hn 18m
8.11. |ng giao thng cho xe cha chy hot ng phi bo m:
- Rng khng nh hn 3,5m
Kho
I y II
III
IV y V
(1)
Than khi l|ng:
- D|i 1000 tn
- T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn
(2)
(3)
(4)
Khng quy nh
6
6
6
12
12
Than bn cm:
- T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn
- D|i 1000 tn
24
18
30
24
36
30
Than bn cc:
- T 1000 tn n d|i 100.000 tn
- D|i 1000 tn
18
12
18
15
24
18
Ci g (g trn, g x):
- T 1000m3 n d|i 10.000m3
15
24
30
V bo, mt c|a:
- T 1.000m3 n 5.000m3
- D|i 1000m3
18
13
30
13
36
24
30
24
18
30
24
18
36
30
24
30
24
18
12
30
24
18
15
36
30
24
18
Ch thch:
1) Khng quy nh khong cch t cc ngi nh hay cng trnh n cc kho sau y:
- kho than d|i 100 tn
- kho cht lng d chy v chy |c, c dung l|ng d|i 100m3hoc kho than hay than
bn cm, than bn cc c dung l|ng d|i 1.000 tn m t|ng nh v pha cc kho ny l
t|ng ngn chy;
2) i vi cc kho g, kho than, khi xp cao hn 2,5m, khong cch ti thiu ch dn trong
bng 8 i vi nh v cng trnh c bc chu la IV v Vphi tng 28%;
3) Khong cch trong bng 8 t kho than bn cm, than bn cc, kho g, kho cht lng d
chy v chy |c n nh v cng trnh c hng sn xut A v B cng nh| n nh v
nh cng cng phi tng 25%;
4) Khong cch t trm phn phi kh t n nh v cng trnh bn cnh, |c p dng
im 6 ca bng.
Bc chu
la
S tng
I y II
Khng quy
nh
III
1y5
IV
IV
V
V
1
2
1
2
C t|ng
ngn chy
Khng quy
nh
Khng quy
nh
140
100
100
80
Khng c
t|ng ngn
chy
110
90
70
50
50
40
Khng c
t|ng ngn
chy
2200
1.800
1.400
1.000
1.000
800
9.2.
Tn cng trnh
v quy m
Nh tr mu gio:
a) D|i 50 chu
b) Trn 50 chu
Bc chu la
ca cng trnh
V y IV
S tng hn ch
III y II
1 tng
2 tng
V y IV
III
II
1 tng
2 tng
Khng quy nh
Nh hc:
a) D|i 360 ch
b) T 360 n 720 ch
c) T 720 ch tr ln
V y IV
III
II
1 tng
2 tng
4 tng
III
II
2 tng
Khng quy nh
V y IV
III
II
V
IV
III
II
1 tng
3 tng
Khng quy nh
9.3.
9.4.
1 tng
2 tng
3 tng
Khng quy nh
Trong nh , khi c b tr cc phng s dng cng cng (ca hng, phng sinh hot
chung, nh tr, mu gio), th cc phng ny phi ngn cch vi phng bng t|ng
v sn khng chy, vi gii hn chu la khng d|i 45 pht.
S tng ti a cho php, bc chu la cn thit ca ngi nh v din tch sn ti a
cho php gia cc t|ng ngn chy theo hng sn xut, phi theo quy nh ca bng
11.
Hng sn xut
1. A v B
2. A v B (trong tr|ng hp
khng sn xut ha cht v
ch bin du kh)
3. A (c sn xut ha cht
v ch bin du kh)
4. B (c sn xut ha cht
v ch bin du kh)
5. C
S tng ti a
cho php
Bc chu
la ca
ngi nh
II
II
6
Khng quy nh
3
1
1
Khng quy nh
6. D
7. E
8. F
3
1
1
Khng quy nh
3
1
1
Khng quy nh
Nh 2
tng
Nh cao
trn 2
tng
Khng quy nh
Khng
quy nh
5.200
3.500
II
10.400
7.800
I y II
III
IV
V
Khng quy nh
I y II
III
IV
V
I + II
III
IV
V
Xem bng 4
5.200
2.600
1.200
3.500
2.600
Khng quy nh
6.500
3.500
1.500
2.500
3.500
Khng quy nh
6.500
3.500
7.800
3.500
2.600
Khng quy nh
Ch thch:
1) Cc gian sn xut c cc thit b cha chy t ng (Kiu mn n|c hay kiu xi n|c)
din tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy cho php tng 100% so vi tiu chun quy nh
bng 11;
2) Khi cc phng hoc gian sn xut |c trang b cc thit b bo chy t ng, th din
tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy cho php tng 25 %, so vi tiu chun quy nh
bng 11;
3) Din tch sn tng mt gia cc t|ng ngn chy ca nh nhiu tng, ly theo tiu chun
ca nh mt tng khi trn mt c gii hn chu la 150 pht;
4) i vi cc ngi nh bc chu la II, trong c lin quan n sn xut ch bin g, th
din tch sn gia cc t|ng ngn chy khng quy nh i vi nh mt tng. i vi nh
hai tng, din tch sn gia hai t|ng ngn chy ti a l 7800m2, cn i vi nh nhiu
tng hn th din tch sn gia hai t|ng ngn chy ti a l 5200m2;
5) Trong cc ngi nh sn xut mt tng c bc chu la I v II, cho php khng thit k
t|ng ngn chy. Quy nh ny khng p dng i vi nh c bc chu la II m trong
sn xut ha cht, ch bin gia cng du kh, hoc cc kho cha vt liu hay sn phm d
chy; cc ngi nh sn xut gia cng ch bin g;
6) Trong cc ngi nh mt tng, bc chu la II, IV, V do yu cu k thut c th thit k cc
vng ngn chy |c ly theo tiu chun nh| gia hai t|ng ngn chy quy nh trong bng
11.
9.5.
Tr|ng hp nhiu hng sn xut t trong cng mt ngi nh, hoc mt phn ca
ngi nh |c gii hn gia hai t|ng ngn chy, bc chu la cng nh| s tng cho
php ca ngi nh, phi xc nh theo hng sn xut c mc nguy him nht v
chy n b tr trong .
Ch thch: Khi din tch v khi tch cc phng c mc nguy him nht v chy, n
khng ln qu 5% so vi din tch v khi tch ton nh hay mt phn nh gia hai t|ng
ngn chy th khng theo quy nh ny. Khi , phi c nhng bin php phng chy ring
bit (thng hi cc b ngn nga kh nng gy ra chy nhng phng ny v kh nng
lan chy t nhng phng ny ra ton b ngi nh).
9.6.
9.7.
9.8.
Khng cho php b tr bt k hng sn xut no, hay cc kho xenluyl v vt liu
tng hp xp d chy cc tng hm. Tr|ng hp c bit, do yu cu dy truyn
cng ngh, |c php b tr cc hng sn xut C, D, E tng hm v tng chn
t|ng khi phi tun theo cc quy nh trong iu 9.13 ca tiu chun ny.
Cc phng c hng sn xut A v B, nu cc yu cu cng ngh cho php, nn t
gn t|ng ngoi nu l nh mt tng hoc t tng trn cng nu l nh nhiu tng.
Trong cc phng thuc hng sn xut A v B phi thit k cc cu kin ngn d bung
pha ngoi. Din tch cc cu kin d bung |c xc nh qua tnh ton. Khi khng
c s liu tnh ton th din tch ca cc cu kin d bung khng |c nh hn
0,05m2 cho mi mt mt th tch ca phng thuc hng sn xut A v khng nh
hn 0,03m2 i vi phng thuc hng sn xut B.
Ch thch:
1) Ca s knh l thong |c coi l cc cu kin d bung khi dy ca knh l 3; 4 v
5mm vi din tch t|ng ng khng d|i 0,8; 1 v 1,5m2. Cc ca knh c ct thp khng
|c coi l cu kin d bung;
2) Cu kin d bung ca mi phi chia thnh tng c din tch khng qu 180m2 mi ;
3) Ti trng tnh ton ca cc cu kin d bung khng qu 700 N/m2.
9.9.
9.12.
9.13.
9.14.
9.15.
9.16.
9.17.
9.18.
9.19.
9.22. Cc ng dn cht lng d chy, chy |c b tr trn cao phi cch t|ng nh c l
ca t nht 3m v cch t|ng khng c l ca t nht 0,5m.
Khng cho php b tr trn cao trong cc tr|ng hp sau y:
a) |ng ng dn cht lng, cht kh d chy v chy |c trn cu cn, thp v ct
bng vt liu d chy hay t trn t|ng v mi nh d chy.
b) |ng ng dn hn hp c th gy chy v n vi ng dn cht lng v cc sn
phm kh d chy, t trn hnh lang bn.
c) |ng ng dn kh d chy
- t trn mi v t|ng ngi nh m trong c cha vt liu nguy him, n.
- Ngang qua cc ngi nh v cng trnh ng ring, khng c yu cu cp kh.
- Trn cc kho cha vt liu d chy.
- Trn |ng ti in.
9.23. Cu v|t, |ng t cc |ng ng k thut, trong c |ng ng dn cht lng
d bc chy hoc c th t chy |c, th phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch:
1) Khng |c php t trong cng cu v|t hay |ng vn chuyn nhng ng dn cht
lng v cht kh m hn hp ca chng c th gy n, chy hoc ng c;
2) Cu v|t v |ng vn chuyn m trong b tr cc |ng ng k thut c dn cht
lng, cht kh d bc chy hoc chy |c th cho php b tr li i phc v |ng ng
ny cng trong cu v|t hay |ng vn chuyn.
hay t ng khi c chy. Tit din ngang ca ng thi ny c din tch t nht bng
0,2% din tch sn ca gian phng (nu phng khng c tng hm mi) v t nht
bng 0,15% (nu phng c tng hm mi).
Cc ng thi phi phn b u v lm bng vt liu khng chy hay kh chy; tit
din ngang ca mi ng khng qu 2m2.
Ch thch:
1) Cc gian phng c khu d|i 30m m k tip vi t|ng ngoi c cc l ca th khng
p dng iu quy nh ny.
2) ng thi khi |c s dng thay ng thi khng kh.
9.31. i vi nh v cng trnh cng cng t 5 tng tr ln, cho php t ng thi kh
chung thng ng, vi iu kin phi lp vo |ng ng chnh nhng ng thng
ng i t mi tng v xuyn qua hai tng. Cho php t kt hp vo mt |ng ng
chnh tp trung n ni vi |ng ng thi t bn n nm tng.
Tr|ng hp c nhng gian phng cch li ring bit v trong cha cc cht d
chy, th nhng gian phng phi t ng thi ring dn khi ra ngoi.
9.32. Cm c l t |ng ng dn kh t|ng ngn chy v sn lm bng vt liu
khng chy (k c cc b phn ngn chy khc).
Trong tr|ng hp bt phi t ng dn kh xuyn qua b phn ngn chy, th bn
trong ng dn kh phi c thit b ngn la (v ngn chy...) v ch , |ng ng
phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.
Ch thch: Cho php t ng thng gi v ng khi trong t|ng ngn chy ca nh , cng
trnh cng cng v nh ph tr khi chiu dy ti thiu ca t|ng ngn chy (Tr tit din
|ng ng) ch khng |c d|i 25cm, cn b dy phn ngn gia ng khi v ng
thng hi ti thiu l 12cm.
Nhng l t ng dn n|c b phn ngn chy phi |c trt kn bng va.
9.33. Cho php t |ng ng thi kh chung cho cc cht hi t, hi ca cht lng v
bi, nu hn hp ha hc ca cc cht khng bt la, khng chy hay n.
9.34. Trong cc phng c sinh ra nhng cht d chy, n ta vo khng kh, th cc b
phn ca my thng gi v thit b iu khin ca |ng ng thng gi phi |c
thit k khng c kh nng to ra tia la. cc b phn lc ca h thng thi bi
hay cc cht d bt la, d n, phi c ph|ng php kh bi t ng, lin tc v ngn
nga kh nng pht tia la.
Trong cc phng sn xut c th gy n, cc ng c in ca h thng thi kh t
trong phng cng vi my qut gi, phi l loi ng c chng n.
Ch thch:
1) i vi cc phng sn xut khi vic kh bi t ng khng c li v mt kinh t, cho
php kh bi tng thi k bng th cng nu cng sut ca b phn lc trong khong
15.000 m3/gi.
2) Nu ng c in s dng l loi thng th|ng, th ng c phi t cch ly vi phng
my qut gi.
3) i vi cc hng sn xut A, B, v C th kt cu ngn cch ca b phn qut gi phi
lm bng vt liu khng chy.
9.35. Khi thit k v thi cng phn in, cp n|c, thng gi, cp nhit, chng st ca
cng trnh phi tun theo cc quy nh trong cc tiu chun Nh n|c c lin quan.
9.36. Khi thit k h thng bo chy cho nh v cng trnh phi tun theo tiu chun
TCVN 5738: 93 "H thng bo chy, yu cu k thut" v cc tiu chun chuyn
ngnh c lin quan. Ty theo yu cu thit k v quy nh ca tiu chun m chn
cc gii php bo chy t ng, bn t ng hoc qua h thng thng tin lin lc
thng dng.
9.37. Ngoi h thng cha chy bng n|c, trong nh v cng trnh phi |c b tr cc
ph|ng tin, dng c cha chy chuyn dng khc. Ni b tr, s l|ng, chng loi
theo cc quy nh trong TCVN 5760: 1993 v h|ng dn ca c quan phng cha
chy.
9.38. Vic thit k h thng cha chy t ng v cc h thng cha chy c bit khc,
phi tun theo tiu chun TCVN 5760: 1993. "H thng cha chy, yu cu chung
v thit k, lp t v s dng", v cc tiu chun chuyn ngnh c lin quan.
10. Cp n|c cha chy
10.1. Phi thit k h thng cp n|c cha chy cho nh v cng trnh dn dng, nh kho,
cng trnh cng nghip.
H thng cp n|c cha chy bao gm h thng cp n|c cha chy trong nh v
ngoi nh.
Cho php thit k h thng cp n|c cha chy ring bit khi vic kt hp vi h
thng cp n|c sinh hot hoc sn xut khng c li v kinh t.
10.2. |ng ng cp n|c cha chy c th l |ng ng p lc cao hay p lc thp.
Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy c p lc cao, th p lc cn thit cha chy
l do my bm cha chy c nh to nn.
Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc thp, th p lc cn thit cha chy l
do my bm di ng hoc xe bm cha chy, ly n|c t cc tr n|c cha chy t
ngoi nh.
10.3. Trong cc khu dn dng, l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi ca h thng cp n|c
cha chy v s m chy cng mt thi gian, |c quy nh trong bng 12.
Bng 12
L|u l|ng n|c cho mt m chy (lt/giy)
S dn trong
khu (1000
ng|i)
n 5
n 10
n 25
n 50
n 100
n 200
n 300
S l|ng
m chy
trong cng
mt thi gian
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
Nh 1 y 2 tng c bc chu
la
I, II, v III
IV v V
5
10
10
15
20
20
5
10
10
20
25
Nh xy hn
hp, cc loi
tng khng
ph thuc
bc chu la
Nh xy t 3
tng tr ln
khng ph
thuc bc
chu la
10
15
15
20
30
30
40
10
15
15
25
35
40
55
3
3
3
3
3
3
50
60
75
80
85
90
95
100
Ch thch:
1) Trong cc khu nh gm c nh mt hai tng v nh nhiu tng khc nhau, th phi xc
nh ring tng loi nh c tnh n s dn trong .
L|ng n|c tnh cho ton khu l tng cng l|ng n|c tnh cho tng loi nh trong khu ;
2) L|ng n|c v s m chy trong mt thi gian i vi khu dn dng trn 1000 ng|i,
|c xc nh theo yu cu ring;
3) S m chy, cng mt thi gian trong th hay vng phi tnh c s m chy cc
cng trnh cng nghip, cng tr|ng, phi ph hp vi l|ng n|c cha chy cn thit
nh|ng khng |c d|i tiu chun quy nh trong bng 12.
10.4. Trong cc khu cng nghip s m chy trong cng thi gian |c tnh
a) Nu din tch khu t d|i 150 ha th tnh mt m chy.
b) Nu din tch khu t t 150ha tr ln, th tnh vi hai m chy v l|u l|ng
n|c cha chy tnh cho hai ngi nh cn l|ng n|c cha chy nhiu nht.
10.5. Trong cc cng trnh cng nghip, l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi ly t tr
n|c cha chy, tnh vi nh cn l|ng n|c cha chy nhiu nht v tnh cho mt
m chy |c quy nh trong bng 13.
Bng 13
Bc chu
la
Hng sn
xut
I v II
I v II
III
III
IV v V
IV v V
D, E, F
A, B, C
D, E
C
E, D
C
T 3 y 5
T 5 y 20
T 20 y 50
Trn 50
5
10
5
10
10
15
5
10
10
15
15
20
10
15
15
20
20
25
10
20
25
30
30
15
30
35
40
10.6. L|ng n|c dng cha chy bn ngoi tr|ng hc, bnh vin, nh vn ha, c
quan hnh chnh, nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip |c tnh theo quy nh
trong bng 13 v coi nh| nh thuc hng sn xut C.
10.7. i vi cc khu cng nghip hoc cng trnh cng nghip, trong hng sn xut C,
D, E m din tch khng qu 200.000m2, l|u l|ng n|c dng cha chy bn
ngoi nh khng qu 20 lt/giy v i vi cc khu dn c| khng qu 8.000 ng|i,
th khng qu 8.000 ng|i, th khng cn thit k h thng |ng ng cp n|c cha
chy bn ngoi m c th s dng my bm hay xe bm cha chy ly n|c t cc
ngun n|c thin nhin nh| sng, h hay b cha n|c, h n|c nhn to cha
chy vi iu kin:
a) C n|c d tr cha chy trong cc ma theo quy nh
b) Chiu su ht n|c khng qu 4m t mt t n mt n|c v mc n|c khng
cn qu 0,5m;
c) Phi c ch m bo cho xe bm hoc my bm cha chy n ly n|c.
10.8. H thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi, phi thit k theo mng l|i
vng. Khi |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi khng qu 200m, cho php thit
k |ng ng ct nh|ng phi d kin thnh mng l|i vng. Cho php t cc |ng
nhnh ct dn n|c cha chy n tng ngi nh ring l, nu chiu di |ng ng
ct ny khng qu 200m, nh|ng phi c b cha n|c hoc h cha n|c d tr
cha chy v c d kin thnh mng l|i vng.
Ch thch:
1) Trong giai on u t |ng ng dn n|c, c th t |ng ng nhnh ct dn n|c
cha chy m khng hn ch chiu di nu |c s tha thun ca c quan PCCC c
trch nhim;
2) Trong khu dn dng nu s dn khng qu 10.000 ng|i th cho php t |ng ng
nhnh ct;
3) |ng knh ng dn n|c cha chy ngoi nh t nht 100mm.
10.9. Tr n|c cha chy ngoi nh phi b tr dc theo |ng giao thng, khong cch
gia cc tr khng qu 150m. Tr n|c cha chy ngoi nh phi t cch |ng t
nht 5m v nn b tr ng ba hay ng t| |ng. Nu tr b tr hai bn |ng xe
chy th khng nn t cch xa mp |ng qu 2,5m, |ng ng cha chy phi chia
thnh tng on v tnh ton s tr n|c cha chy trn mi on khng nhiu
qu 5 tr.
Ch thch: Trong cc cng trnh cng nghip, th hay khu dn dng m l|u l|ng n|c
cha chy bn ngoi khng ln hn qu 20 lt/giy th khong cch gia hai tr n|c cha
chy ngoi nh khng qu 120m.
10.10. Nhng van kha n|c t cc |ng ng nhnh ct cng nh| nhng van ln kha
t |ng ng khp kn phi b tr m bo mi on ng ch kha nhiu nht l 5
hng cha chy trn cng mt tng.
10.11. p lc t do cn thit trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc thp t mt t
khng |c d|i l0m ct n|c. Trong |ng ng cp n|c cha chy p lc cao, th
p lc t do u ming lng ca hng n|c cha chy t v tr cao, xa nht
thuc ngi nh cao nht phi bo m ct n|c c khng d|i l0m.
10.12. Phi thit k |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh trong cc tr|ng hp sau:
a) Trong cc nh sn xut tr nhng iu quy nh trong iu l0.13 ca tiu chun
ny.
b) Trong nh gia nh t bn tng tr ln v nh tp th, khch sn, ca hng n
ung t nm tng tr ln;
c) Trong cc c quan hnh chnh cao t su tng tr ln, tr|ng hc cao t 3 tng tr
ln;
d) Trong nh ga, kho tng, cc loi cng trnh cng cng khc, nh ph tr ca cc
cng trnh cng nghip khi khi tch ngi nh t 5.000m3 tr ln;
e) Trong nh ht, rp chiu bng, hi tr|ng, cu lc b 300 ch ngi tr ln.
Ch thch:
l) Trong cc ngi nh nu trong iu kin (b), (c) c chiu cao khc nhau, th ch thit k
|ng ng cp n|c cha chy cho phn nh c chiu cao quy nh trong phn ny;
2) Trong nh sn xut c bc chu la I v II, sn xut hng D, E th h thng |ng ng
cp n|c cha chy ch cn t phn nh c cha hay sn xut nhng vt liu d chy.
10.13. Khng thit k h thng |ng ng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh trong cc
tr|ng hp sau y:
a) Trong cc nh sn xut c s dng hay bo qun cc cht m khi tip xc vi n|c
c th sinh ra chy, n, ngn la lan truyn;
b) Trong cc nh sn xut c bc chu la I, II v c thit b bn trong lm bng vt
liu khng chy m trong gia cng vn chuyn, bo qun thnh phm, bn thnh
phm l vt liu khng chy;
c) Trong cc nh sn xut hng D, E c bc chu la III, IV,V m c khi tch khng
ln qu l000m3;
d) Trong nh tm, nh git cng cng
e) Trong cc nh kho lm bng vt liu khng chy, cha cc hng ho khng chy;
g) Trong cc trm my bm, trm lc sch ca h thng thot n|c bn:
h) Trong cc nh sn xut v nh ph tr ca cng trnh cng nghip, khng c
|ng ng cp n|c sinh hot hay sn xut v vic cp n|c cha chy bn ngoi ly
sng, h, ao, hay b d tr n|c.
10.14. S hng n|c cha chy cho mi im bn trong nh v l|ng n|c ca mi hng
|c quy nh trong bng 14.
Bng 14
Loi nh
(1)
1. Nh hnh chnh cao 6 n 12 tng c khi tch
n 25.000m3
2. Nh gia nh cao t 4 tng tr ln, khch sn v
nh tp th, nh cng cng cao t 5 tng tr ln
c khi tch n 25.000m3. Nh kiu n nguyn
cao n 16 tng.
3. Bnh vin, cc c quan phng bnh, nh tr, mu
gio, ca hng, nh ga, nh ph tr ca cng trnh
cng nghip c khi tch t 5.000m3 n 25.000m3.
4. Cc phng b tr d|i khn i ca sn vn ng
c khi tch t 5.000m3 n 25.000m3 v cc gian
th dc th thao c khi tch n 25.000m3.
S hng n|c
cha chy
(2)
(3)
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
1
5. Nh an d|ng, nh ngh mt, nh bo tng, th|
vin, c quan thit k c khi tch t 7.500m3 n
25.000m3. Nh trin lm c din tch tr|ng by d|i
500m2.
6. Hi tr|ng, cc gian khn gi c trang b my
chiu phim c nh, c sc cha 300 n 800 ch.
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
10.16. Khi trong nh b tr trn m|i hai hng n|c cha chy hoc c trang b h thng
cha chy t ng th h thng cp n|c cha chy bn trong nh, d thit k ring
hay kt hp phi thit k t nht hai ng dn n|c vo nh v phi thc hin ni
thnh mng vng.
10.17. B tr hng cha chy trong nh phi m bo mi im ca gian phng c s hng
n|c cha chy n nh| quy nh trong bng 14. Trong cc ngi nh khi tch t
10.24. My bm dng cp n|c sinh hot, sn xut v cha chy d ring bit hay kt
hp u phi c my bm d b, c cng sut t|ng |ng vi cng sut ca my
bm chnh.
S l|u l|ng my bm d b |c quy nh nh| sau:
a) Khi s l|ng my bm vn hnh theo tnh ton t mt n ba th cn c mt my
bm d b;
b) Khi s l|ng my bm vn hnh t bn my tr ln th cn hai my bm d b.
My bm cha chy chnh phi |c ni vi hai ngun in ring bit, hoc ngun
in d b trm pht in, hoc ng c d b trm my bm. Cho php dng my
bm cp n|c cha chy m khng cn my bm d b v my bm cha chy
chnh, ch ni vi mt ngun in khi l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi d|i
20lt/giy hoc trong cc x nghip hng sn xut E, D m cng trnh c bc chu la
I, II hoc trong nh sn xut khi l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi khng qu 20
lt/giy.
10.25. My bm cp n|c cha chy c th iu khin bng tay ti ch hoc iu khin t
ng t xa.
Ch thch:
1) Khi l|u l|ng n|c cha chy bn ngoi t 25 lt/giy tr ln, th nht thit my bm
cha chy phi c b phn iu khin t xa. Khi , phi ng thi b tr b phn iu
khin bng tay;
2) B phn iu khin my bm cha chy phi m bo cho my hot ng khng chm
qu 3 pht k t khi c tn hiu bo chy.
Vt liu thuc nhm khng chy bao gm cc vt liu v c t nhin hay nhn to,
kim loi, cc tm thch cao hay thch cao si khi hm l|ng hu c n 8% khi
l|ng, cc tm bng khong dng tng hp hay t nhin hoc dng dnh kt vi
bitum khi hm l|ng hu c n 6% Khi l|ng.
Vt liu thuc nhm kh chy gm hn hp cc vt liu khng chy v d chy, v
d: b tng atxphan, tm fibr xi mng, vt liu thch cao v cc loi b tng c hm
l|ng hu c cao hn 8% khi l|ng, cc tm bng khong dng dnh kt vi
bitum khi hm l|ng hu c t 7% n 15% khi l|ng. Cc loi vt liu t st trn
rm khi khi l|ng th tch t nht l 900 kg/m3 cc tm pht |c tm dung dch
khng chy, g c ngm tm cc ho cht khng chy, cc x p, xi mng, loi vt
liu plime t yu cu kh chy.
Vt liu d chy, bao gm cc vt liu thuc loi hu c khng |c ngm tm bng
cht chng chy.
Ph lc B (Tham kho)
Nhm cc ngnh sn xut phn theo hng sn xut
2.
3.
Hng
sn xut
c tnh
ca sn
xut
(1)
(2)
Nguy
him chy
n
Tn ngnh sn xut
(3)
Nhng phn x|ng ch v s dng natri v kali; cc phn x|ng ca
cc nh my lm si nhn to, cao su nhn to, nhng trm sn xut
hyr; cc phn x|ng ho cht ca nh my t nhn to; nhng phn
x|ng sn xut du xng; nhng phn x|ng hyr ho ch|ng ct v
phn chia kh, nhng phn x|ng sn xut nhin liu lng nhn to, thu
hi v ch|ng ct cc cht lng ho tan hu c vi nhit bc chy
th hi t 25oC tr xung nhng kho cha bnh ng hi t, nhng kho
xng, nhng cn phng cha cc quy kim v axt ca nhng nh my
in, nhng trm bm cht lng c nhit bc chy th hi t 28oC
tr xung.
him n
Ch thch: Cc ngnh sn xut trong nhin liu t chy l cc cht lng, cht kh v
hi hoc c s dng ngn la trn u khng thuc hng sn xut A, B, C.
Ph lc C
Gii hn chu la v nhm chy ca vt liu v cu kin xy dng
Danh mc kt cu
(1)
1. T|ng v t|ng ngn:
T|ng v t|ng ngn bng gch silict,
gch th|ng v gch t st rng
2. T|ng bng t nhin, b tng nh v
khi snh, khi gch xy nh vi ct liu
b tng nh, bng vt liu bo n kh
chy hay khng chy.
Gii hn
chu la,
(pht)
(2)
6,0
11
12
33
6
11
22
33
2,5
5
6
11
15
17
22
(3)
145
150
330
660
30
90
240
420
18
36
45
150
222
270
360
Nhm
chy
(4)
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
12
270
20
360
20
360
30
40
480
660
Khng
chy
16
222
Khng
chy
15 y 22
Khng t
hn 60
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
150
Khng
chy
45
30
Khng
chy
Kh chy
60
30
Kh chy
Kh chy
15
Khng
chy
15
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
25
27
12
45
150
360
78
132
162
180
15
15
30
60
90
60
5
8
10
11
6
10
3,5
4
6,5
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
120
45
36
45
60
75
30
45
Khng
chy
150
180
270
315
390
25
-
75
150
Khng
chy
75
105
150
180
210
210
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
-
15
18
20
24
2,5
5
6
7
6
45
120
150
180
120
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
Khng
c)
Gch nhiu l dy
d) d) Tm thch cao dy
315
60
24
228
66
90
120
150
192
60
chy
Khng
chy
Kh chy
Khng
chy
10
-
64 78
78 114
108 174
114 - 222
6,5
6,5
10
10
10
16
16
16
20 v cao hn
20
20
20
20
30
36 42
36 42
42 48
48 54
42 54
48 72
66 84
48 60
66 78
84 108
102 108
132 144
15
Khng
chy
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
65
-
36
45
90
150
Khng
chy
45
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
60
90
15
14
30
Kh chy
36
Khng
chy
Khng
chy
90
6
10
90
120
Khng
chy
10
45
Khng
chy
72
Khng
chy
15
30
Khng
chy
78
3
4
5
4
6
72
78
90
36
60
Khng
chy
Kh chy
Kh chy
Ch thch:
1) Gii hn chu la ca t|ng chu lc v t|ng ngn, c t panen trn lp va lt mch, |c
xc nh theo tr s ch dn im 3; 4; 6 vi h s tnh ly theo ng sut trung bnh trong t
hp ti trng tiu chun thng ng.
a) T|ng theo im 3 dy qu 10 cm khi ng sut:
50Kg/cm2 v nh hn h s 1.
70KG/cm2 h s 0,7
ln hn 70 KGlcm2 theo kt qu th nghim
Khi xc nh gii hn chu la ca t|ng b tng ct thp ton khi dy ln hn 10cm, h s
ch dn cao hn phi tng 20%. Khi gii hn chu la phi ly khng qu ch dn im
3.
b) T|ng theo im 4a, khi ng sut:
10 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 1
20 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 0,6
ln hn 20 KGlcm2 - theo kt qu th nghim
c) T|ng theo im 4b khi ng sut:
10 KG/cm2 v nh hn h s 0,5
Ln hn 20 KG/cm2 - theo kt qu th nghim.
d) T|ng theo im 6 khi ng sut:
30 KG/cm2 v nh hn h s 1
40 KG/cm2 v nh hn - h s 0,7
Ln hn 40 KG/cm2 - theo kt qu th nghim
2) Bo v cc u mi gia c ca kt cu phi bo m c|ng ca chng trong sut thi gian
bng tr s gii hn chu la yu cu ca kt cu; Gii hn chu la gia c thp khng |c bo
v quy nh theo d kin kt cu, phi ly bng 30 pht;
3) Ch bt khe h cc v tr k cn ca t|ng kiu treo v t|ng t mang vi cc b phn ca
nh, phi c gii hn chu la bng gii hn chu la ca t|ng;
4) Khi lm t|ng ngn bng khi xy thch cao rng, gii hn chu la ch dn im 12 phi
gim n 30%;
5) B dy ca t|ng ngn t khi xy keramzit rng, ch dn im 14, |c xc nh nh| tng b
dy ca khi xy t|ng;
6) Gii hn chu la ca b tng nh, khi /|ng th tch 1200 kg/m3 v ln hn cng nh| cu mt
khu chu un lm bng b tng silict, phi ly nh| i vi kt cu b tng ct thp.
Ct tr
Gch, b tng, b
tng ct thp cng
nh| thp c lp bo
v khi chy vi gii
hn chu la t nht
150 pht.
(1)
(2)
T|ng chu lc Vt liu t nhin
v t|ng bung hay nhn to, b tng,
thang
b tng hc hay
bt tng ct thp vi
gii hn chu la t
nht 150 pht.
T|ng rp vo Gch, snh, btng
khung nh v than x, b tng ct
t|ng
khng thp v b tng bt c
chu lc
ct bng l|i thp
hoc tm b tng bt
c ct thp vi gii
hn chu la t nht
30 pht.
B phn cu
to ngi nh
v cng trnh
(3)
Vt liu t nhin hay nhn
to, b tng hay b tng
hc hay b tng ct thp vi
gii hn chu la t nht 120
pht.
II
(4)
Vt liu t nhin
hay nhn to hay b
tng hc hay b
tng ct thp vi gii
hn chu la t nht
120 pht
Gch, snh, b tng
than x, khi silicat
bt b tng ct thp,
tm b tng ct thp
bng ct thp l|i hay
sili ct bt c ct thp
l|i, fibr xi mng ln
sng vi gii hn chu
la t nht l 15 pht.
Gch, b tng, b tng
ct thp cng nh| thp
c lp bo v khi b
chy vi gii hn chu
la t nht 120 pht.
III
IV
T|ng ng vn g
hay p gia cc ct
khng c lp bo v
bng vt liu khng
chy.
(6)
T|ng g sc, khung
hay x tm khng c
lp bo v bng vt
liu khng chy.
G c lp va bo v G khng c vt liu
vi gii hn chu la t bo v bng vt liu
nht 30 pht.
khng chy
(5)
T|ng g sc, khung
hay tm c lp bo v
hai mt bng va fibr
xi mng vi gii hn
chu la t nht l 30
pht.
Kt cu g c trt va
hay tm fibr xi mng
vi gii hn chu la t
nht l 15 pht.
Ph lc D
c im xy dng ca cc b phn cu to
ngi nh v cng trnh chia theo bc chu la
T|ng ngn
chy
Trn nh
T|ng ngn
nht 2 gi.
Vm gch, kt cu b tng ct
thp, sn c sn hay kt cu
ti ch vi dm thp hay
dm bng b tng ct thp c
lp bo v khi b chy vi
gii hn chu la t nht 45
pht. i vi nh sn xut mt
tng cng nh| nh nhiu tng
hng v E vi iu kin
khng cha cht lng chy
|c th c th dng kt cu
thp khng c lp bo v vi
gii hn chu la t nht l 15
pht.
Kt cu thp khng c lp bo
v cng nh| dm b tng ng
sut tr|c vi gii hn chu la
t nht l 15 pht.
Vt liu khng chy vi gii
hn chu la t nht 15 pht.
Sn g c lp bo v Sn g khng c lp
bng va hay bng bo v bng vt liu
fibr xi mng vi gii khng chy.
hn chu la t nht 15
pht.
Sn g c va vi gii
hn chu la t nht 45
pht, cng nh| sn g
t trn dm thp c
lp bo v vi gii hn
chu la t nht 45
pht, tng phn ring
ca sn khng chy
vi gii hn chu la t
nht 45 pht.
Mi khng c Kt cu b tng ct
tng gip mi
thp vi gii hn chu
la t nht 90 pht.
Sn gc v sn
gip mi
Vm gch. Kt cu
b tng ct thp sn
c sn v kt cu
ti ch vi dn thp
hay dn an bng b
tng ct thp c lp
bo v khi b chy
vi gii hn chu la
t nht 90 pht.