You are on page 1of 5

cng, dn in ca nc l g?

Cp nht 11:18, 24/7/2009, bi VLoSer


cng ca nc gy ra bi s c mt
ca cc mui Ca v Mg trong nc.
cng ca nc c gi l tm thi khi
c mt mui cacbonat hoc bicacbonat
Ca, Mg. Loi nc ny khi un si s to
ra cc kt ta CaCO3 hoc MgCO3.
cng vnh cu ca nc do cc loi mui
sunfat hoc clorua Ca, Mg to ra.
cng vnh cu ca nc thng rt kh
x l v to ra nhiu hu qu kinh t cho
vic s dng chng.

cng ca nc c xc nh bng
phng php chun hoc tnh ton
theo hm lng Ca, Mg trong nc:
cng (mg CaCO3/lit) = 2,497 Ca (mg/l)
+ 4,118 Mg (mg/l)
dn in ca nc lin quan n s
c mt ca cc ion trong nc. Cc ion
ny thng l mui ca kim loi nh
NaCl, KCl, SO2-4, NO-3, PO-4 v.v... Tc
ng nhim ca nc c dn in
cao thng lin quan n tnh c hi ca
cc ion tan trong nc. xc nh
dn in, ngi ta thng dng cc my
o in tr hoc cng dng in.

pH l g?
Cp nht 11:17, 24/7/2009, bi VLoSer
Nc tinh khit iu kin bnh thng
s b phn ly theo phng trnh phn ng:
H2O H+ + OHGi tr pH ca nc c xc nh bng
logarit c s 10 nng ion H+ theo cng
thc:
pH = - lg (H+)
i vi nc ct pH = 7, khi nc cha
nhiu ion H+, pH < 7 v ngc li, khi
nc nhiu OH- (kim), pH > 7.

Nh vy, pH l axit hay chua ca


nc. pH c nh hng ti iu kin
sng bnh thng ca cc sinh vt nc.
C thng khng sng c trong mi
trng nc c pH < 4 hoc pH > 10.
S thay i pH ca nc thng lin
quan ti s c mt ca cc ho cht axit
hoc kim, s phn hu cht hu c, s
ho tan ca mt s anion SO-24, NO-3,
v.v...
pH ca nc c th xc nh bng
phng php in ho, chun hoc
cc loi thuc th khc nhau.

You might also like