Name:______________________________

Evolution Review Packet

1) Definition evolution.
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2) What is the basic sequence of how organisms appeared in the fossil record?
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3) When several layers of rock are found one above another, scientists usually conclude that
the oldest layer is the one that is ____________________.
4) Which scientist most strongly supported the idea that evolutionary changes occurred
because there was a need for them?
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5) Define homologous structures and give an example.
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6) Summarize Darwins Theory of natural selection.
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7) Why is industrial melanism a good example of natural selection?
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8) Name and explain two causes of variation in a population.
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9) What is a mutation?
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10)

Mutations present in sex cells ______________are passed on to next generations,

mutations present in the skin cells are _______________ passed onto the next generation.
11)

Explain why, in a mammal a mutation in a gamete may contribute to evolution

while a mutation in a body cell will not.

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12)

Explain geographical isolation.

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13)

Explain reproductive isolation.

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What would happen to a species that exhibits no variations in a changing environment?
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14)

What is a basic assumption of the heterotroph hypothesis?

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15)

A gas that was probably absent from the primitives earths atmosphere is

___________________.
16)

In the process of evolution, the effect of the environment is to

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17)

Certain strains of bacteria that were susceptible to penicillin in the past have now

become resistant. The probable explanation is that

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18)

Base your answers to questions 21-23 on the diagram below and on your knowledge

of biology.

19)

Which species was the first to become extinct? ____________________

20)

Which two species are the most closely related? __________________

21)

The diagram indicated that a common ancestor for species G and I is species

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How are living things classified?
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22)

An insect pest known as the medfly significantly reduced the orange crop in California.

Pesticides were used to control the medfly. Using the concept of natural selection, explain how
the continued use of a certain pesticide may become ineffective in controlling this fly. Your
answer must include the concepts of:

 variation [1]
adaptive value of a variation (adaptation) [1]
survival [1]
reproduction [1]
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23)

Identify the major taxonomic categories. Which is the most inclusive?

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25) A dichotomous key is shown below.

Dichotomous Key
1.
a. tail fins are horizontal...go to 2
b. tail fins are verticalgo to 3
2.

a. has teeth or tuskgo to 4

b. has no teeth...Balaena mysticetus

3.

a. has gill slits behind mouth.go to 5

b. has no gill slits....Lepidosiren paradoxa

4.

a. black with white undersideOrcinus orca

b. tusk, gray with dark spots.....Monodon monoceros

5.

a. head is hammer shaped....Sphyrna mokarran

b. tail fins are half the body lengthAlopias vulpinus

Use the dichotomous key to identify the scientific name of

the organism represented
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