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Lp
20106059
20106084
H Ni, 12 2014
Mc Lc
Surface Plasmon trn b mt g gh...................................................................... 2
3.1. Pht x nh sng cng hng quan st c vi thit b ATR. ..................... 2
3.2. Php o g gh ........................................................................................... 4
3.2.1. Cc ch thch v mt l thuyt ................................................................. 4
3.2.2. Xc nh tham s g gh ................................................................... 11
3.3. Hng tn x................................................................................................. 15
3.4. g gh v mc g gh ca b mt..................................................... 17
3.4.1. g gh bn mt ................................................................................. 17
3.4.2. Mc g gh v bc x SPs ................................................................ 19
3.5. o g gh b mt bng ng knh hin vi in t.................................... 21
3.6. g gh b mt trn mt phng dn sng. ............................................... 22
Ti liu tham kho ............................................................................................... 25
Page 1
hnh 3.2a. Trong hnh 3.2b mt th nghim tng ng c thc hin vi const ti
cc gc ti khc nhau 0 [2.9].
Th nghim ny chng minh s nh hng r rt u tin ca b mt g gh ln
SPs l s pht x ca nh sng. Cc SPs khng bc x tr nn bc x. Vic tng
2
Page 3
P
tng cng t012
ca trng in t trong b mt phim, cng trng in t ny
3.2. Php o g gh
3.2.1. Cc ch thch v mt l thuyt
nh sng tn x c cng mnh trong Hnh 3.2 c th c s dng cung
cp cho ta cc thng s v g gh ca b mt bc s dng. Cc l thuyt lin
quan n qu trnh ny c pht trin vo nm 1974 bi Kretschmann [3.1] v
c p dng nh gi cc l thuyt thc nghim. Mi quan h gia cng nh
sng pht ra dI trn gc khi d , vi I l cng ca nh sng phn cc p, c
a ra ban u hoc ly xp x tuyn tnh vi (pha thay i theo hng z) v
bi biu thc:
1 dI
1
P
Io d 4 c
p
Vi 0 l gc ti, t012
W
cos 0
2
p
t012
s k x
(3.1)
Page 4
0 , 0 l in mi ca mt
z z 0
(3.2)
1/2
sin
(3.3)
Page 5
1 1
4
1 1 1 1 tg 2
1
(3.4)
gh s(k ) , xem (3.1) c s thay i t hn hoc nhiu hn, xem hnh 3.5. T [2.4].
2
Page 7
(3.5)
W A( , )sin 2
2
Page 8
5000 A . T [2.4].
Th nghim ng ch
Vic b tr th nghim o gc phn b cng c trnh by Hnh 3.7
ph hp vi hin tng phn x v tn x. Ti lp tip gip khng kh/kim loi ca
tm phim kim loi, SPs c kch thch. Tm film c lng ng sau qu trnh bay
hi trn tm thch anh (b dy 1mm), c gi li trn lng knh hoc na hnh
tr trn (P) c ngm trong du tip xc quang. H thng ny c gi c nh trn
gic k (G). Chm nh sng (L), c th l laser hoc bng n xeon n sc c cng
sut ln, i qua bn ng (C), lng knh phn cc (P1, P2), mng ngn (BL1), v ng
knh hnh tr ZL b khc x ti b mt ng hnh tr v vy chm nh sng gn song
song ti p vo b mt ca phim kim loi. B d dng photomultipliers (PM) hoc
photodiodes (PD). Cc tn hiu c ghi li bi kha trong (LI) hoc khuch i trong
Page 9
3.2.2. Xc nh tham s g gh
Cu hnh =0 l thng s c bit bi n cho php chng ta o lng hm s
p
g gh |s( kx)|2 s dng (3.1). Gi tr P( ) = (1/I0)dI/d c o, v tha s t012
1 2 2 1 2
- kx2
4
4
(3.6)
Page 11
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Page 13
cc tm phim. Tuy nhin tnh ton gii hn di ca phim Cu 500 trn thch anh:
>4.4 v Cu trn mica: >5.8. Trong th nghim vi phim nhm dy 340, s
dng thit b ATR cho th h sng hi bc 2 (xem hnh 2.30), gi tr g gh c
xc nh t nh sng tn x 2. Gi tr thu c l: =25 v =1390[3.16].
Nhng th nghim ny c thc hin trn thch anh/kim loi/khng kh, hnh
2.8. Tn x o trong thch anh/ khng kh/ kim loi km thun li x l, cng cho
~5 ti phim bc mng[3.11].
Ta phi nh rng cc th nghim vi tn x nh sng cho cc gi tr X-quang
hiu nng ca cc tham s g gh ch trong min gii hn kx a ra bi cc khu
o
Page 14
3.3. Hng tn x
Trn b mt g gh, cc SP nm ri rc trn b mt, ngoi s ch o ca kx m
khng thay i gi tr ca n gi l tn x nh hng, hnh 3.9
(3.7)
Vi k k x .Cc plasmon thu c cc tr khc nhau khi k 2 kx sin / 2 t ph
Trng thm nhp vo mng bc v kch thch cc trng cng hng b mt kim
loi- khng kh. Trng thm nhp ny quay tr li thng qua mng kim loi v c
2
p
nhn vi t210
vy nn nh sng tn x quay ngc tr li nh [3.10]:
(3.8)
Page 15
Page 16
3.4. g gh v mc g gh ca b mt
3.4.1. g gh bn mt
g gh b mt l tng c gi thit l cc lng cc bc x cung cp
bi phn cc hin ti c phn b trn mt b mt (gi s b mt z = 0 trong Hnh
2.34). Tuy nhin g gh c th l do l do khng ng nht vi s lng ln c th
m t nh s bin thin theo khng giam ca hm in mi 1 ():
1 ( x, y, z) 1 1 ( x, y, z)
(3.10)
Mt nghin cu chi tit v l thuyt cho thy rng khi lng phn tn thnh phn z
ca lng cc W: Wz c thay th bi Wz' Wz / z' do iu kin tnh lin tc ti bin
ca trng
5000 A i vi bc
Page 17
I s suft 1 1 t g 2
'
Ip
1
I s I s suft ' 2
1
Ip
(3.11)
Page 18
1k d
p [1 p
2 2
kx
kp
(3.12)
S gim ca n tng dn vi
2
kx kx
2 k p
(3.13)
Hnh 3.14 Cng nh sng phn tn (bc x) SPs xung quanh tn s Plasma
0
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