Bng chia ng t ting Nht

Dng \ Nhm

Nhm 1 (5 on):
nomu (ung)
nomu
nomimasu
nomanai
nomimasen

Nguyn dng
Dng lch s "masu"
Ph nh
Ph nh lch s "masen"
Sai bo ("hy") / Dng lin
nonde (1)
kt
Kh nng ("c th")
nomeru
B ng (, ukemi) ("b")
nomareru
Sai khin (, shieki)
nomaseru
("bt", "cho")
B ng sai khin (b sai
nomaserareru
khin) ("b bt", "c cho")
Gi nh s xy ra ("nu")
nomeba
Gi nh xy ra ("nu")
nondara (2)
R r ("Chng ta hy ~ i") nomou, nomimashou
Ra lnh ("~ i!")
nome

Nhm 2 (1 on)
taberu (n)
taberu
tabemasu
tabenai
tabemasen
tabete
taberareru
taberareru
tabesaseru
tabesaserareru
tabereba (3)
tabetara
tabeyou, tabemashou
tabero,tabeyo(vnvit)

B sung cho bng trn:

(1) Dng "Sai bo / Lin kt" (te-form, de-form) i vi ng t 5
on (nhm 1) ty ui ca ng t m chia khc nhau nh di y:
Khi chia dng sai bo / lin kt (2 dng ny ging nhau, tc "te"form, "de"-form) ca ng t nhm 1 cc bn phi ch v ng t kt
thc bi "mu", "nu", "gu", "ku", "su" chia hi khc. Thng thng s chia l
"tte" ():
u, ru, tsu -> "tte":

Ring:
su -> "shite": (m)
mu, nu -> "nde": (ung),
(cht)
gu -> "ide": (bi)
ku -> "ite": () (tr ra)
(2) Dng gi nh xy ra (tara, dara) cng chia ty theo ui ca ng
t ging nh trn:
u, ru, tsu -> "ttara":
iu: ittara
kaeru: kaettara
tatsu: tattara
su -> "shitara":

sasu: sashitara
mu, nu -> "ndara":
yomu: yondara
shinu: shindara
gu -> "idara":
sosogu: sosoidara
ku -> "itara":
nozoku: nozoitara
(3) Dng gi nh s xy ra ("ba") th ng t nhm 1 v nhm 2
chia ging nhau, ch l "taberu" s thnh "tabereba" m khng phi l
tabeba nh khi chia ng t nhm 2 (ng t 1 on) cc dng khc.
Bng chia ng t bt quy tc: suru, kuru, iku
Dng
suru(lm)
kuru(n)
Nguyndng
suru
kuru
Dnglchs"masu"
shimasu
kimasu
Phnh
shinai
konai
Phnhlchs"masen"
shimasen
kimasen
Saibo("hy")/Linkt
shite
kite
Khnng("cth")
dekiru
korareru
Bng(,ukemi)("b")
sareru
korareru
Saikhin(,shieki)("bt",
saseru
kosaseru
"cho")
Bngsaikhin(bsaikhin)
saserareru
kosaserareru
("bbt","ccho")
Ginhsxyra("nu")
sureba
kureba
Ginhxyra("nu")
shitara
kitara
Rr("Chngtahy~i")
shiyou,shimashou
koyou,kimashou
Ralnh("~i!")
shiro,seyo(vnvit)
kore,koiyo

iku(i)
iku
ikimasu
ikanai
ikimasen
itte
ikeru
ikareru
ikaseru
ikaserareru
ikeba
ittara
ikou,ikimashou
ike

Ch : Nhng ng t kt thc bng "su" nh (dasu) khi chia dng b

ng sai khin thng tr thnh "daserareru" thay v "dasaserareru" cho d
pht m, tuy nhin bn vn c th dng "dasaserareru".
C th kt hp cc cch chia vi nhau
V d:
hasiru = chy
hashireru = chy c (c th chy)
hashireba = nu chy
hashirereba = nu chy c