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O NG MM XC NH M UN N HI CHUNG
CA KT CU BNG CN O VNG BENKELMAN
Flexible pavement - standard test method for determination of elastic
modulus of pavement structure using Benkelman beam
H NI 2011
X l kt qu o vng .......................................................................................................................... 9
Ph lc C (Tham kho)
Ph lc D (Qui nh)
ng......18
Ph lc E (Qui nh) Tiu chun loi tr cc quan st cc tr ..............................................................23
Ph lc F (Qui nh) Phng php hiu s cng dn phn nh cc phn on kt qu o vng..28
Li ni u
TCVN 8867 : 2011 do Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Giao thng Vn ti bin son,
B Giao thng Vn ti ngh, Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng thm
nh, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh Cng b.
o ng mm Xc nh m un n hi chung ca
kt cu bng cn o vng Benkelman
Flexible pavement - standard test method for determination of elastic modulus of pavement
structure using Benkelman beam
Phm vi p dng
Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn sau l cn thit cho vic p dng cc tiu chun ny. i vi cc ti liu vin
dn ghi nm ban hnh th p dng bn c nu. i vi cc ti liu vin dn khng ghi nm ban
hnh th p dng phin bn mi nht, bao gm c sa i (nu c).
TCVN 4054:2005, ng t - Yu cu thit k;
TCVN 5729:1997, ng t cao tc Yu cu thit k;
TCXDVN 104:2007*), ng th - Yu cu thit k;
22 TCN 211-06*), o ng mm Cc yu cu v ch dn thit k.
Thut ng v nh ngha
Thit b, dng c
% so vi quy nh Bng 1.
Bng 1 Cc thng s ca trc sau xe o tiu chun
Tn ch tiu
100
0,6
33
4.4 Vt cht ti trn xe phi i xng, cn bng, khng b thay i v tr v ti trng trc sau khng b
thay i trong sut qu trnh o vng mt ng. Trong sut qu trnh o, xe o vng phi c che
bt trnh b nc ma thm t v ri vi vt liu.
4.5 xc nh c ti trng trc xe, phi tin hnh cn ti trng trc sau bng thit b cn xe hoc
dng kch thy lc c ng h o p lc c tiu nh v thang chia p lc khng ln hn 0,02 MPa.
4.6 Thng xuyn o kim tra p lc hi trong bnh xe duy tr khng i trong sut qu trnh o
vng mt ng (xem ph lc B).
Trc mi t o phi kim tra li din tch vt bnh i S b bng cch kch trc sau xe ln, lau
Db = 1,13 S b
(1)
Qb
2S b
(2)
pb =
trong :
i vi giai on thit k k thut hoc thit k bn v thi cng, tin hnh o ri u trn ton
Chn v tr cc im o
Cc im o vng thng c b tr vt bnh xe pha ngoi (cch mp mt ng t 0,6
Trnh t o vng mt ng
5.2.2
o nhit mt ng: hiu chnh cc kt qu o vng v nhit tnh ton sau ny, phi
o nhit khng kh v nhit mt ng trong khong 1 gi mt ln trong sut thi gian o vng
dc tuyn. Vic o nhit mt ng ch yu cu thc hin i vi kt cu mt ng c chiu dy
lp mt ph nha ln hn hoc bng 5 cm. Cch o nhit mt ng nh sau :
Dng ba v c nhn to thnh mt h nh su chng 45 mm ti mt ng gn v tr o vng;
nc hay glyxrin vo khong na h v i chng vi pht;
Dng nhit k o nhit ca cht lng trong h cho n khi nhit khng thay i th ghi tr s
nhit o (k hiu l T0C).
CH THCH 2:
- trnh hin tng bc x nhit ca mt tri ti cn o vng Benkelman v hin tng u o v cn b ln vo mt
ng nha nhit cao gy nh hng ti chnh xc ca kt qu o, khng o vng vo khong thi gian nhit
o
mt ng ln hn 40 C.
- Trnh khng v tr o b bng ca xe t hay vt g lm nh hng n kt qu o.
5.2.3
Phi t chc m bo an ton giao thng trong sut qu trnh o. Cc thnh vin tham gia o
X l kt qu o vng
6.1
6.1.1
X l kt qu o vng
vng n hi tnh ton ti v tr th nghim th (i) i din cho mt ct ngang ca mt
1
x Km x Kt x L i
Kq
(3)
trong :
Li l vng ca mt ng o c ti v tr th nghim th (i) khi cha xt n cc yu t
nh hng ca ti trng xe o,ma o bt li v nhit ca mt ng khi o, tnh bng mm;
Kq l h s hiu chnh kt qu o theo cc thng s trc sau xe o vng v kt qu ca trc sau
xe t tiu chun. Kq c tnh ton theo cng thc:
Kq
pb ( Db )1,5
p ( D )1,5
(4)
trong :
pb , Db , p v D c xc nh theo 5.1.1 v 4.3.
Km l h s hiu chnh vng v ma bt li nht trong nm;
Kt l h s hiu chnh vng nhit o v nhit tnh ton (k hiu l TttoC).
6.1.2
Khi khng c iu kin theo di quy lut thay i vng theo ma v nhit , c php s
khi tp hp cc gi tr thu thp c trn tng on bng cc tiu chun loi tr quan st cc tr ca
l thuyt xc sut thng k (xem ph lc E).
6.2 Xc nh vng c trng v m un n hi c trng cho mi on ng th nghim
6.2.1
nghim c tnh cho c hai chiu hoc c tnh cho tng chiu hoc cho tng ln ca tuyn ng
th nghim.
6.2.3
(5)
trong :
Ldt l vng n hi c trng ca tng on ng th nghim;
Ltb l vng trung bnh ca on th nghim, tnh bng mm. Gi tr Ltb c tnh theo cng
thc sau:
n
( Li tt )
Ltb =
(6)
n l s ln o;
l lch bnh phng trung bnh ca on th nghim, tnh bng mm. Gi tr
c tnh
n 1
( Li tt
Ltb ) 2
(7)
10
pD(1
Ldt
(8)
= 0,3;
11
: T Km
n Km
Ngy th nghim :
Tn v a ch Phng th nghim :
Kilmt
30
32
34
36
38
Mt ct ngang
- L tri
- Mt
- L phi
Thot nc
- Rnh tri
Rnh thot
- Rnh phi
nc tt xy hc
Loi hnh
mt ng
iu kin
m
Trng thi
ng
nn
theo
gy
40
42
44
1.5 m
10.5 m
1.5 m
46
48
50 52
54
56
58
1.5 m
7.0 m
1.5 m
0.5 m
7.0 m
0.7 m
Thot nc km
Rnh thot nc
km
- - - H nc - - -
II
III
III
mt
- Tt
- Vt nt
- Hn vt bnh xe
-------
----------------
- Ln cc b
- Bong bt
- Trt ngang
- V gy, g
( sa cha v
cha sa cha)
Kt cu o
ng
Lp t nn trn
cng
12
60 62
++ ++
++
Mi
5 cm BTN mn nm 1997
Tng cng
7 cm BTN trung nm 1990
C
5 cm BTN mn nm 1979
7 cm BTN trung
8 cm TNN
nm 1985
5 cm TNN
15 cm Macaam
5 cm TNN
nm 1976
22 cm hc
22 cm x b
22 cm hc
st nng
ct
,,
,,
,,
st
Lu lng xe
tnh ton
(Xe /ngy m)
V tr im o ti
trm quan trc
Phn on cui
cng
Ngi th nghim
1000
500
200
Km 32 + 07 m
1,4 m ( T )
Km 44 + 00 m
1,2 m ( F)
Km 54 + 05 m
1,2 m ( F )
Trng phng TN
C s qun l phng TN
T vn gim st
LAS-XD (VILAS)
(K tn, ng du)
(K tn, ng du)
13
: T Km
n Km
Ngy th nghim :
Tn v a ch Phng th nghim :
Cn o vng Benkelman
Cn o vng
Cn 1 - o bnh xe bn tri
Cn 2 - o bnh xe bn phi
T l cnh tay n cn o:
Kc
A
B
14
KC
5cm
m
a
L
S c trn ng h o ca kch p =
p lc ca kch khi tiu nh f =
MPa ;
L=
cm ;
Mpa ng vi ti trng q =
a=
cm
kN
Sb
Q
2S b
2 pq( L a)
fL
(B.1)
trong :
Q l ti trng trc xe o, kg;
p l s c trn ng h o ca kch, MPa ;
L l chiu rng ca trc xe, tnh bng khong cch gia hai tim vt bnh xe, cm;
a l khong cch tnh t v tr t kch ti tim vt bnh xe nng ln khi kch, cm;
f l p lc ca kch khi tiu nh, MPa;
q l ti trng tng ng vi p lc kch khi tiu nh, kN.
Ngi th nghim
Trng phng TN
C s qun l phng TN
T vn gim st
LAS-XD (VILAS)
(K tn, ng du)
(K tn, ng du)
15
. .
Khu vc o (Tnh) :
.
.
. .
.
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. .
Ngi o : .
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
T s :
.
.
Tng s T :
.
Thi gian o :
Kq =
Km
Nhit mt ng:
ti tim ng:
Thi tit :
Km
Km
Mc nc hai bn ng
cao/ thp/ trung bnh
H s Km:
H s Kt :
L trnh
io
16
Bnh xe phi
Bnh xe tri
i5
littt
i0
i5
Lmax
littp
Ngi th nghim
Trng phng TN
C s qun l phng TN
T vn gim st
LAS-XD (VILAS)
(K tn, ng du)
(K tn, ng du)
17
Tn a phng
nht trong nm
Thi gian bt li
TT
Tn a phng
(thng)
18
nht trong nm
(thng)
Cao Bng
6 n 9
Vnh Phc
5 n 10
Lng Sn
6 n 9
10
Ph Th
6 n 9
H Giang
6 n 9
11
Bc Giang
6 n 9
Lo Cai
5 n 10
12
H Ni
6 n 9
Lai Chu
6 n 9
13
Qung Ninh
6 n 9
in Bin
6 n 9
14
Thanh Ha
6 n 10
Sn La
6 n 9
15
Ngh An
6 n 11
Thi Nguyn
6 n 9
16
Qung Bnh
9 n 12
17
Hong Sa
7 n 11
27
Sc Trng
6 n 10
18
Tha Thin Hu
9 n 1
28
Cn Th
6 n 11
19
Nng
10 n 12
29
Ph Quc
6 n 11
20
Qung Ngi
10 n 1
30
C Mau
6 n 11
21
Quy Nhn
10 n 12
31
Kin Giang
6 n 11
22
Ph Yn
10 n 12
32
Bnh Dng
6 n 11
23
Khnh Ha
10 n 12
33
Lm ng
6 n 10
24
Bnh Thun
6 n 10
34
c Lk
6 n 10
25
B Ra Vng Tu
6 n 10
35
Gia Lai
6 n 10
26
TP H Ch Minh
6 n 10
Thng
H s Km
Xun
2-4
1,06
H - Thu
5-9
1,00
ng
10 - 1
1,14
Xun
2-4
1,18
H - Thu
5-9
1,00
ng
10 - 1
1,47
Xun
2-4
1,07
H - Thu
5-9
1,14
ng
10 - 1
1,00
Xun
2-4
1,24
H - Thu
5-9
1,47
ng
10 - 1
1,00
Ma
Cc tnh min Bc
Mt ng kn khng b rn nt
Mt ng rn nt, thm nc
Mt ng kn khng b rn nt
Mt ng rn nt, thm nc
Mt ng kn khng b rn nt
Mt ng rn nt, thm nc
Xun
2-4
1,14
H - Thu
5-9
1,00
ng
10 - 1
1,07
Xun
2-4
1,47
H - Thu
5-9
1,00
ng
10 - 1
1,24
CH THCH D.1:
- Cc tnh min Bc bao gm ton b cc tnh min ni pha Bc, ng bng Bc B v cc tnh Thanh Ha,
Ngh An, H Tnh, Qung Bnh;
- Cc tnh min Trung bao gm cc tnh t Qung Tr n Ninh Thun;
- Cc tnh min Nam v Ty Nguyn bao gm cc tnh min ng Nam B, cc tnh min Ty Nam B v cc
tnh Lm ng, c Lk, c Nng, Gia Lai, Kon Tum.
20
1
T
A(
1) 1
30
(D.1)
trong :
A l h s ty thuc vo tnh n nh nhit ca b dy lp s dng nha. Vi b tng nha
cht c bt ly A = 0,35, b tng nha khng c bt hoc lp dm thm nhp nha
ly A = 0,30.
+ Kt cu mt ng c vt liu lp mt s dng nha dy hn 10 cm: C th xc nh h s hiu
chnh vng nhit o (ToC) theo cng thc sau :
Kt
K t (10)
K 30 (10)
(D.2)
trong :
Kt(10) l h s hiu chnh vng nhit o ToC v 10oC ;
K30(10) l h s hiu chnh vng nhit 30oC v 10oC.
Kt(10) v K30(10) c xc nh theo ton ti Hnh D.1.
21
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6
0,5
0,4
5 10
20
30
40
50 T0C
CH DN D.1:
1) Ch s trn cc ng cong nt t ch b dy tng cng ca tng mt s dng nha khi th nghim
bng cn o vng Benkelman;
2) Ch s trn cc ng cong lin nt ch b dy tng cng ca tng mt s dng nha khi th nghm
bng kch tm p.
22
x2
...
xn
x =
1
n
( xi )
(E.1)
i 1
( xi
x k1 ) 2
i 1
n
Lk max
(E.2)
( xi
x)
i 1
trong :
n k1
( xi )
l trung bnh s hc ca (n-k1) quan st cn li, sau khi tch k1 quan
i 1
x k1
n k1
( xi
xk 2 )2
i k2 1
n
Lk min
( xi
(E.3)
xtb )
i 1
trong :
n
( xi )
xk2
i k2 1
n k2
st nh nht.
23
( xi
xk )2
i k2 1
n
Lk
( xi
(E.4)
x)
i 1
trong :
n k1
( xi )
xk
i k2 1
n (k1
k2 )
l trung bnh s hc ca
x = 1,17
+ Ta nghi ng cc kt qu ln nht 2,31 v 2,63. Cn phi xem xt c th loi b hai kt qu ny c khng ? Cn tin
hnh nh sau:
p dng tiu chun loi tr cc quan st cc tr cho trng hp k1 = 2 (i vi hai s 2,31 v 2,63 ).
20 2
( xi )
i 1
x k1
1,02
20 2
20 2
( xi
V
Lk max
x k1 ) 2
i 1
20
( xi
x)
2936
6758
0,435
i 1
24
( xi )
i 2 1
xk
n (2 2)
1,11
20 2
( xi
v
Lk
xk )2
i 2 1
20
( xi
x)
1,851
6,758
0,274
i 1
Tra bng vi n = 20, k = 4 c C0,05 = 0,299 v C0,10 = 0,339. Nh vy Lk < C0.05 < C0.10 .
Kt lun: c th loi c 4 quan trc 0,28, 0,38, 2,31 v 2,63 ra khi dy s liu o vng nu trn.
= 0,10
8
10
n
3
0.011
0.098
0.003
0.200
0.038
0.280
0.091
0.020
0.348
0.148
0.056
0.404
0.200
0.095
0.038
0.448
0.248
0.134
0.068
10
0.490
0.287
0.170
0.098
0.051
11
0.526
0.326
0.208
0.128
0.074
12
0.555
0.361
0.240
0.159
0.103
0.062
13
0.578
0.388
0.270
0.186
0.126
0.082
14
0.600
0.416
0.298
0.212
0.150
0.104
0.068
15
0.611
0.436
0.322
0.236
0.172
0.124
0.086
16
0.631
0.458
0.342
0.260
0.194
0.144
0.104
0.073
17
0.648
0.478
0.364
0.282
0.216
0.165
0.125
0.092
18
0.661
0.496
0.384
0.302
0.236
0.184
0.142
0.108
0.080
19
0.676
0.510
0.398
0.316
0.251
0.199
0.158
0.124
0.094
0.688
0.530
0.420
0.339
0.273
0.220
0.176
0.140
0.110
0.085
25
0.732
0.588
0.489
0.412
0.350
0.296
0.251
0.213
0.180
0.152
30
0.766
0.637
0.523
0.472
0.411
0.359
0.316
0.276
0.240
0.210
35
0.792
0.673
0.586
0.516
0.458
0.410
0.365
0.328
0.294
0.262
40
0.812
0.702
0.622
0.554
0.499
0.451
0.408
0.372
0.338
0.307
45
0.826
0.724
0.648
0.586
0.533
0.488
0.447
0.410
0.378
0.384
50
0.840
0.744
0.673
0.614
0.562
0.518
0.477
0.442
0.410
0.380
Gi tr tiu chun C ng vi mc gi tr
= 0,05
0.003
0.051
0.001
0.125
0.018
0.203
0.055
0.010
0.273
0.106
0.032
0.326
0.146
0.064
0.022
0.372
0.194
0.099
0.045
10
0.418
0.233
0.129
0.070
0.034
11
0.454
0.270
0.162
0.098
0.054
12
0.489
0.305
0.196
0.125
0.076
0.042
13
0.517
0.337
0.224
0.150
0.098
0.060
14
0.540
0.363
0.250
0.174
0.122
0.079
0.050
15
0.556
0.387
0.276
0.197
0.140
0.097
0.066
16
0.575
0.410
0.300
0.219
0.159
0.115
0.082
0.055
17
0.594
0.427
0.322
0.240
0.181
0.136
0.100
0.072
18
0.608
0.447
0.337
0.259
0.200
0.154
0.116
0.086
0.062
19
0.624
0.462
0.354
0.277
0.209
0.168
0.130
0.099
0.074
20
0.639
0.484
0.377
0.299
0.238
0.188
0.150
0.115
0.088
0.066
25
0.696
0.550
0.450
0.374
0.312
0.262
0.222
0.184
0.154
0.126
0.730
0.599
0.506
0.434
0.376
0.327
0.283
0.245
0.212
0.183
35
0.762
0.642
0.554
0.482
0.424
0.376
0.334
0.297
0.264
0.235
40
0.784
0.672
0.588
0.523
0.468
0.421
0.378
0.342
0.310
0.280
45
0.802
0.696
0.618
0.556
0.502
0.456
0.417
0.382
0.350
0.320
50
0.820
0.722
0.646
0.588
0.535
0.490
0.450
0.414
0.383
0.356
= 0,10 hoc
27
Si
Zx
Si
Ln
)x
xi
(F.1)
n
n
Zx
Si
1
Si
xi ;
vi
Ln
trong :
Si l din tch thc t ca khong cch th i. Gi tr Si = Ltb x xi;
xi l chiu di ca khong cch th i;
Ltb l vng trung bnh ca khong th i;
28
29
Tr s vng
r2
rtb
r1
r3
Li (chiu di tuyn o)
x1
x2
x3
Ax
Ax
r.d x
0
rtb
Zx = Ax - x
x1
x2
AT
; Ax,
Ln
rtb .x
Ln = x3
(+)
Bin
rtb
( )
(-)
x1
(+)
x2
1 1
( r1d x
Ln 0
x3
x2
r2 d x
x1
x3
Bin
( )
Hnh F.1 Phng php sai phn tch ly phn on cho bin lin tc
30
r3 d x )
x2
4
3
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
40
-20
60
80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400
-40
Thut
tu im
diem o
do (n)
(n)
Th
1
vng n hi (mm)
3.5
3.5
3
2.5
2.5
2
1.5
1.5
1
0.5
0.5
0
0
0
20
40
50
60 80
100
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Th t im o (n)
3
Th
t
im
o
n
V tr
Chiu
di
Cc
khong
cch
xi
(100m)
vng
m.
ng
v tr
o
Li
(1/100
mm)
Km+000
x1
l1
100
x2
l2
Chiu di
cng dn
cc khong
xi
cch
(100m)
x1
x1+
x2
vng
trung
bnh ca
cc
khong
cch
ltbi
(1/100
mm)
Din tch
thc t
ca khong
cch
Si
Din tch
tch ly
ca
khong
cch
Hiu
s cng
dn
Zx
Si
l1
x1. l1
S1
(l1+ l2)/2
x2. (l1+l2)/2
S1 +S2
S1 (
400
x3
l3
x1+
x2+
x3
(l2+ l3)/2
x3. (l2+l3)/2
S1+ S2 +S3
(
700
5
6
7
8
Km+000
200
300
400
..............
32
..............
xi
...............
li
...........................
x1++
xi
...............
(li-1+ li)/2
.......................
xi. (li-1+li)/2
Gi tr thng k
ca cc khong
chia Itbk, k
................
S1 ++ Si
x1
= Si /
vng
thit
k
Itk
xi
S1+S2x1+ x2)
..............................
Si -
xi
ltbk=average(:)
k = stdev(:)
..........................
ltbk + K
......................
Hnh F.4 V d v biu vng n hi theo l trnh im o trn Quc l 1A on TP.H Ch Minh Cn Th
33