You are on page 1of 4

BI TP T LUN V ANKEN

Bi 1 : Anken (olefin) l g? So snh thnh phn nguyn t v c im cu to ca ankan v anken.


Bi 2 : Vit cng thc tt c cc ng phn v gi tn cc anken c cng thc phn t sau : C 4H8 v C5H10.
Bi 3 : Trnh by ni dung qui tc cng Maccopnhicop? Cho v d minh ha.
Bi 4 : Hon thnh phng trnh phn ng :
1. CH2CH2 + HBr
2. CH2CH2 + ? CH3CH2OH
3. CH3CHCH2 + HBr
4. CH2CH2 + KMnO4 + H2O
Bi 5 : Phn ng trng hp l g? Gia phn ng trng hp v phn ng cng hp c g ging nhau v khc nhau? Cho v
d.
1. iu kin xy ra phn ng trng hp?
2. Vit s tm tc phn ng trng hp ca mi cht sau :
CH2CH2
CH2C(CH3)2
CH2CHCl
CF2CF2
Bi 6 : Vit phn ng iu ch cc cht sau y t nhng anken thch hp :
1. CH3CHBrCHBrCH3.
2. CH3CH2CCl(CH3)2.
3. CH3CHBrCH(CH3)2.
4. Polivinyl Clorua (PVC).
Bi 7 : Vit phng trnh phn ng theo s sau :
a. C2H5COONa C2H6 C2H4 C2H4(OH)2
C2H5Cl
b. C2H5OH C2H4 C2H5Cl C2H4
Bi 8 : Dng phng php ha hc :
1. Phn bit metan v etilen.
2. Lm sch metan c ln etilen.
3. Phn bit 2 cht lng hexen-1 v xiclohexan.
Bi 9 : Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo chui bin ha sau :
C3H6(OH)2
a. C3H8 C3H6 C3H7Cl
(C3H6)n
b. Natri axetat metan cacbon metan clorofom.
Bi 10 : Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc anken iu ch c khi tch nc t cc ancol sau :
a. CH3CHCH3
c. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
OH
b. CH3CH2CH2OH
d. (CH3)3COH
Bi 11 : Hai anken kh X, Y cho hp nc ch cho 2 ancol.
1. Tm cng thc cu to ca X, Y ,vit phng trnh phn ng.
2. Vit phn ng trng hp hp X, Y.
Bi 12 : B tc v hon thnh cc phn ng :
1. A H 2 SO 4, to B + C
4. B + E D
to
2. B + H2 Ni,
G
5. B + C 1 sp duy nht

hp
3. G + Cl2 D + E
6. B trung
PE
Bi 13 : Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht kh CH 4, C2H4, H2, CO2. Vit cc phn ng xy ra.
Bi 14 : Cho ho hi 0,345g hn hp 2 olefin k tip nhau trong dy ng ng th chim th tch 168ml (ktc).
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 olefin.
2. Suy ra % th tch ca hn hp.
3. Tnh % khi lng.
S : C3H6 v C4H8, 71,42% v 28,5%
Bi 15 : Cho 3,5g anken A phn ng vi 50g dung dch brom 40% th va . Tm cng thc ca anken A. T A vit
phng trnh phn ng iu ch etylen glicol.
S : C2H4
Bi 16 : Mt hirocacbon A cha 85,71% C.
1. Tm cng thc nguyn ca A.
2. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch Br 2 c sn phm cng B cha 85,11% brom. Hy suy ra cng thc phn t, cng
thc cu to, gi tn A, B.

S : (CH2)n; C2H4 v CH2Br-CH2Br


Bi 17 : A v B l hai ng ng lin tip nhau. Cho 13,44 lt hn hp hai anken A v B (ktc) qua bnh ng dung dch
brom thy bnh tng thm 28g.
Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to hai anken.
1.
Cho hn hp anken tc dng vi HCl th thu c ti a 3 sn phm. Xc nh cng thc cu to hai anken v gi
2.
tn chng.
S : C3H6 v C4H8
Bi 18 : Cho 10 lt hn hp kh (54,6oC; 0,8064 atm) gm 2 olefin li qua bnh dung dch brom d thy khi lng bnh
brom tng 16,8g.
1. Tnh tng s mol 2 olefin.
2. Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 olefin, bit s nguyn t cacbon trong mi olefin khng qu 5.
3. Nu t chy hon ton 10 lt hn hp trn th thu c bao nhiu lt CO2 (ktc) v bao nhiu gam H2O.
S : 0,3mol; C2H4 v C5H10; C3H6 v C5H10; 26,88lt; 21,6g
Bi 19 : Cho 9,8g hn hp hai anken lin tip trong dy ng ng tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch brom 0,4M. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton nng dung dch brom gim i 50%.
1. Xc nh 2 anken trn v % khi lng tng cht trong hn hp ban u.
2. Vit tt c cng thc cu to ng phn mch h ca 2 anken v cho bit cng thc cu to no khi cng nc cho 1
sn phm duy nht?
S : C3H6 v C4H8; Buten-2
Bi 20: Cho 1g hn hp etan v etilen i qua dung dch brom.
1. Vit phn ng xy ra.
2. Xc nh thnh phn khi lng ca hn hp, bit rng cho phn ng xy ra hon ton l phi dng ht 80g dung
dch brom 5%.
S : 0,7g v 0,3
Bi 21 : Cho 3,36 lt hn hp gm mt anken v mt ankan i qua dung dch brom thy c 8g brom tham gia phn ng.
Khi lng 6,72 lt hn hp l 13g.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon.
2. t chy 3,36 lt hn hp th c bao nhiu lt kh CO2 v bao nhiu gam nc. Cc kh o (ktc).
S : C3H6 v C3H8
Bi 22 : Hn hp A v B l hai anken c khi lng 12,6g trn theo t l ng mol tc dng va vi 32g brom. Nu trn
hn hp trn ng lng th 16,8g hn hp tc dng va vi 0,6g H2. Tm cng thc phn t ca A v B, bit MA < MB.
S : C3H6 v C6H12
Bi 23 : C 1,12 lt hn hp X gm H 2, ankan, anken (ankan v anken cng s nguyn t cacbon), t khi hi ca X i vi
oxi l 0,575. Khi cho 560ml hn hp X i qua bnh brom thy 16g dung dch Br 2 5% mt mu ng thi lng bnh tng
thm 0,14 gam.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ankan, anken.
2. Xc nh thnh phn % ca hn hp ban u theo th tch.
3. Tnh th tch oxi cn t 1,12 lt hn hp X.
S : C 2H6 v C2H4; %H 2=%C2H6=40; %C2H4=20
Bi 24 : hiro ha hon ton 0,7g mt anken cn dng 246,4cm 3 hiro ( 27,3oC v 1 atm). Xc nh cng thc phn t.
Vit cng thc cu to, bit rng anken c cu to mch thng.
S : C 5H10
Bi 25 : Cho hn hp A gm C2H4 v H2 qua Ni, c hn hp B c d B/H2 = 4,5. Nu cho A qua dung dch Br2 d th khi
lng bnh brom tng 0,14g. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.
1. Tnh khi lng cc cht trong A.
2. Tnh th tch dung dch brom 0,5M ti thiu cn dng.
S : 0,14; 0,04; 10ml
Bi 26 : Cho hn hp hiro v etilen c t khi hi so vi hiro l 7,5.
1. Tnh thnh phn % th tch kh trong hn hp.
2. Cho hn hp trn vo bnh kn c bt niken nung nng lm xc tc th sau phn ng thu c mt hn hp kh c t
khi so vi H2 l 9. Xc nh thnh phn % hn hp kh sau phn ng.
S : 50% v 50%; 20%, 40%, 40%
Bi 27 : Cho hn hp X gm anken v hiro c t khi so vi heli bng 3,33. Cho X i qua bt niken nung nng th ton b
anken b hiro ha c hn hp Y c t khi so vi heli l 4.
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca anken.
2. Suy ra thnh phn ca hn hp.
S : C 5H10, X (16%, 84%), Y (20%, 80%)
Bi 28 : Cho H2 v 1 olefin c th tch bng nhau qua Ni nung nng thu c hn hp A. Bit rng t khi hi ca A i vi
H2 l 23,2. Hiu sut phn ng hiro ha l 75%.

1. Tm cng thc v gi tn olefin.


2. t V (lt) hn hp A ni trn ri cho ton b sn phm chy qua 128g dung dch H 2SO4 98% sau th nghim nng
dung dch H2SO4 l 62,72%. Tnh V (lt) (ktc).
S : C4H8; 22,4 lt
Bi 29 : Cho hn hp A gm 2 olefin l ng ng k tip nhau tham gia phn ng hp nc c xc tc th c hn hp
ancol B. Cho B tc dng vi Na thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Mt khc nu t chy hon ton hn hp A ri cho ton b
sn phm chy hp th ht vo nc vi trong th thu c 75g mui trung tnh v 40,5g mui axit.
1. xc nh cng thc 2 olefin.
2. Tm % khi lng v th tch tng olefin trong A.
S : C 2H4 v C3H6, 50%
Bi 30 : t chy hon ton 0,672 lt hn hp gm hirocacbon v nit th thu c 0,88g CO 2 v 0,36g H2O. Bit khi
lng hn hp l 0,84g v th tch o (ktc).
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca hirocacbon.
2. Suy ra thnh phn hn hp.
S : C2H4, 33,33% v 66,67%
Bi 31: Cho hn hp kh A (ktc) gm 2 olefin. t chy hon ton 7 th tch A cn 31 th tch oxi (ktc).
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 olefin. Bit rng olefin nhiu cacbon chim t l trong 40 50% th tch ca A.
2. Tm % khi lng cc olefin trong A.
S : C 2H4 v C4H8; 35,5% v 64,5%
Bi 32 : Khi t chy mt th tch hirocacbon A cn 6 th tch oxi v sinh ra 4 th tch CO 2. A c th lm mt mu dung
dch brom c ni i v c th kt hp vi hiro to thnh mt hirocacbon no mch nhnh.
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A v vit cc phng trnh phn ng.
S : C 4H8
Bi 33 : Cho 2,24 lt mt hn hp kh A (ktc) gm etan, propan, propilen sc qua dung dch brom d, thy khi lng bnh
tng thm 2,1g. Nu t chy kh cn li thu c mt lng CO 2 v 3,24g H2O.
1. Tnh thnh phn % th tch mi kh.
2. Dn lng CO2 ni trn vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch KOH 2,6M. Hy xc nh nng M cc cht trong dung
dch sau phn ng.
S : 50%, 20%, 30%, 0,65M. 1,3M
Bi 34 : Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B, s nguyn t hiro trong phn t A bng s nguyn t cacbon trong B.
Khi t chy 3g hn hp X th thu c 5,4g nc. Xc nh cng thc phn t A, B v tnh % th tch cc kh trong hn
hp A.
S : CH 4 v C4H8; 80% v 20%
Bi 35 : Mt hn hp gm H2, mt ankan v mt anken ( c cng s nguyn t cacbon vi ankan). Khi t 100ml hn hp
thu c 210ml kh CO2. Mt khc khi nung nng 100ml hn hp vi Ni th sau phn ng cn li 70ml mt hirocacbon
duy nht.
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca ankan v anken.
2. nh % th tch ca ankan v anken.
3. Tnh th tch O2 cn t chy 10ml hn hp (cc kh o cng iu kin)
S : C 3H6 v C3H8; 30%, 40%, 350ml
Bi 36 : Mt hn hp kh gm nit v mt hirocacbon; 0,42g hn hp chim th tch 336cm 3 (ktc). t chy lng
hn hp ngi ta c 0,44g CO2 v 0,18g H2O.
1. Xc nh thnh phn nguyn t ca hirocacbon v cng thc nguyn ca n.
2. Xc nh khi lng phn t v cng thc cu to.
S : 85,72%, 14,28%, C 2H4
Bi 37 : t chy hon ton 0,25 mol kh A thu c 33g CO2 v 13,5g hi nc.
1. Tm cng thc phn t v cng th cu to ca A, bit rng (ktc) khi lng ring ca A l 1,875g/l.
2. Tnh khi lng sn phm to thnh khi cho lng cht A trn qua dung dch brom d.
S : C3H6 ; 50g
Bi 38 : Hai hirocacbon A v B u th kh, A c cng thc C 2xHy; B c cng thc CxH2x (tr s x trong c 2 cng thc l
bng nhau).
1. Lp cng thc phn t A v B. Bit rng t khi ca A i vi metan bng 3,625 v t khi ca B i vi He l 7.
Vit cng thc cu to ca A v B.
2. Tnh lng sn phm thu c khi cho hn hp trn tc dng va vi 16g dung dch brom.
S : x=2, y=10, 18,8g
Bi 39 : t chy hon ton 0,03696 lt anken X 27,3oC v 1 atm, thu ton b kh CO2 vo dung dch KOH ta c 0,3g
mui axit v 0,207g mui trung tnh. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X.
S : C3H6

Bi 40 : Cho 3,5g mt anken tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 long th c 5,2g sn phm hu c.
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca anken.
2. Tnh th tch oxi (ktc) cn thit t chy ht lng anken trn.
S : C5H10 v 8,4ml
Bi 41 : Mt hn hp hai olefin ng ng k tip nhau c th tch 17,92 lt (o 0 oC v 2,5 atm) dn qua bnh cha dung
dch KMnO4 d, thy khi lng bnh cha dung dch KMnO4 tng 70g.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t, vit cng thc cu to hai olefin.
2. Tnh % khi lng 2 olefin trong hn hp.
3. t chy hon ton th tch trn ca hn hp ri cho sn phm vo 5 lt dung dch NaOH 1,8M s thu c mui
g? Bao nhiu gam?
S : C 3H6 v C2H4; 40% v 60%; 424g v 84g
Bi 42 : Mt hn hp X gm CO v mt hirocacbon A mch h. t chy hon ton 1,96g hn hp X c 4,84g CO 2 v
1,44g H2O.
Tm dy ng ng ca A.
1.
Tm cng thc phn t ca A, bit d X/H 2 = 19,6. S : CnH2n; C4H8
2.
Bi 43 : Dn 2,24 lt mt anken A (ktc) qua bt CuO nung nng, khi lng bt CuO gim 14,4g. Phn ng hon ton.
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca A.
2. Vit phng trnh phn ng trng hp, phn ng ca A vi dung dch KMnO 4.
3. Hn hp A vi mt ng ng B trn theo t l mol 1:1. t chy hon ton mt th tch hn hp cn 3,75 th tch
oxi trong cng iu kin. Hy gi tn B.
S : C3H6, C2H4
Bi 44 : t chy hon ton a gam cht hu c A cn dng 6,72 lt O 2 (ktc). Sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh P 2O5 thy
bnh tng 3,6g ri qua bnh nc vi trong thy xut hin 20g kt ta trng.
Tnh s gam a?
1.
Lp cng thc thc nghim ri suy ra cng thc phn t ca A, bit t khi hi ca A so vi nit l 2.
2.
Vit cng thc cu to c th c, suy ra cng thc ng ca A, bit A cng vi H 2O cho 1 sn phm duy nht.
3.
S : 2,8; C4H8
Bi 45 : Hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon A v B (B c s cacbon ln hn A, A v B u phn ng vi dung dch Br 2). 8,96 lit
hn hp X tc dng ht vi nc brom cn ti thiu 64g brom. Mt khc, em t 8,96 li t hn hp X tng s CO 2 thu c
l 48,4g. Hiu s hi nc sinh ra ca B so vi A l 12,6g.
Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A, B.
S : C3H6; C2H4

You might also like