Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

Bi 7: ANKIN (CnH2n-2 ; n 2)

H tn:

Lp: 11A1

Ngy hc: 20/01/2015

A. L THUYT
Cu 1: Hon thnh phn ng theo s :
a) Natri axetat metanaxetilenVCPVC
b) vi vi sng canxi cacbua axetilen vinylaxetilen ivinyl cao su buna
c)
(2)

X
C3H8

(1)

C2H2

(3)

C6H6

(4)

(5)

C2H5OH

(6)

Cu 2: Hon thnh cc phn ng theo s sau:

a) metan axetilen vinyl clorua ivinyl butan eten PE
b) Tinh bt glucoz etanol buta-1,3-ien butan metan axetilen VC PVC
c) natri axetat metan etin vinyl axetilen buta-1,3-ien butan etilen etanol
buta-1,3-ien cao su buna
d) nhm cacbua metan axetilen bc axetilua etin benzen
Cu 3: A v B l hai ankin lin tip. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hh trn ri cho spc hp th vo dd
Ca(OH)2 d th thu c 25 gam kt ta.
a) Tm CTCT v tn ca A, B bit MA < MB.
b) T A vit p iu ch: benzen, etilen, etan, bc axetilua, PVC v cao su buna.
c) Vit p ca B vi hiro(Pd/PbCO3), nc brom.
Cu 4:
a) T vi, than , mui n v nc hy vit p iu ch PVC
b) Cho etin p vi nc brom ta thy thu c 3 sn phm. Vit p xy ra?
c) Vit p ca propin; but-2-in v vinylaxetilen vi nc brom d; hiro d(xt ln lt l Ni v
PbCO3/Pd) v AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3?
Cu 5: A v B c CTGN l CH. Bit rng:
H 2 ,1:1, Pd

A1
cao su Buna
+ A
HCl
B1
PVC
+ B
+ CH
B
C
4
Tm A, B, C, A1, B1 v vit p xy ra

Cu 6: Nhn bit
a) etan; eten v etin
b) hexan; hex-1-en v hex-1-in
c) buta-1,3-ien; propin v butan
d) CO2, SO2, Cl2, C2H4, C2H2.
e) Propin; propen; propan; xiclopropan.
Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

B. BI TP
DNG BI TP V PHN NG TH VI AgNO3/NH3
I. Phng php
- Ch c ank-1-in hoc cc cht c lin kt ba u mch mi c phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3.
V d:
CH3-CCH + AgNO3 + NH3 CH3-CCAg + NH4NO3.
CH3-CC-CH3 + AgNO3 + NH3 khng p
CH2=CH-CCH + AgNO3 + NH3 CH2=CH-CCAg + NH4NO3.

Tng qut:

CnH2n-2 + xAgNO3 + xNH3 CnH2n-2-xAgx + xNH4NO3.

CxHy + aAgNO3 + aNH3 CxHy-aAga + aNH4NO3.

Ch :
+ Khi lng bnh ng AgNO3/NH3 tng bng khi lng ankin phn ng.
+ ti to li ankin ta cho phn ng vi HCl.
+ Anken v ankan khng c phn ng ny.
II. Bi tp
Cu 1: A c CTPT l C7H8. A p vi AgNO3/NH3 d thu c cht B. Bit MB MA = 214 vC. Vit cc
CTCT ca A?
S: C3H6(CCH)2 ng vi 3 CTCT
Cu 2: X, Y l hai hirocacbon c cng CTPT l C5H8. X l monome dng trng hp thnh cao su
isopren, Y c mch nhnh v to khi p vi AgNO3/NH3. Tm CTCT ca X v Y ri vit p xy ra?
Cu 3: A c CTPT l C6H6. Bit rng hiro ha A c hexan v 1 mol A p vi AgNO3/NH3 to ra 292
gam kt ta vng. Tm CTCT v tn A?
Cu 4: A l ankin c t khi so vi oxi bng 2,125
a) Tm CTPT, vit CTCT v gi tn A?
b) Trong cc ng phn trn ng phn no phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3? Vit PTHH?
Cu 5: Hn hp X gm metan, etilen, axetilen. Sc 7 gam X vo nc brom d th thy c 48 gam brom
p. Cho 7 gam trn p vi AgNO3 d trong NH3 th thu c 24 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng mi cht
trong X?
Cu 6: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c A cn 12,8 gam O2. Sau phn ng thu c 16,8 lit hn
hp hi (1360C; 1atm) gm CO2 v hi nc. Hn hp ny c t khi so vi CH4 l 2,1.
a) Xc nh CTPT ca A. Vit CTCT c th c ca A.
b) Xc nh ng CTCT ca A v gi tn A bit rng A to kt ta vng khi cho tc dng vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Tnh lng kt ta khi cho 0,1 mol A phn ng vi hiu sut 90%.
Gii 1/ CO2 = 0,3 mol; H2O = 0,2 mol p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng tnh c mA = 4 gam.
Suy ra nC = 0,3; nH = 0,4 mol v nO = 0 mol; MA = 40 vC => A l C3H4 vi 3 CTCT tha mn.
2/ V A to kt ta vng khi cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 nn A l ankin vi CTCT l CH 3CCH.
P: CH3-CCH + AgNO3 + NH3 CH3-CCAg + NH4NO3.
=> m = 13,23 gam.
Cu 7: Cho 17,92 lt hh X gm ba hirocacbon kh ankan, anken v ankin ly theo t l mol = 1:1:2 li qua
dd AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 96 gam v hh kh Y thot ra. t chy Y c 0,6 mol CO2
a) Tm CTPT, CTCT v tn ba cht trn?
b) Tch ring ba cht trn ra khi hh?
S: metan; etilen v axetilen
Ghi ch: nu hh c chia lm hai phn khng bng nhau th ta t s mol phn I l x, y v z th s mol
phn II tng ng l kx, ky v kz.

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

Cu 8: Hh B gm etan, etilen v propin. Cho 12,24 gam B vo dd AgNO3/NH3 d. Sau p thu c 14,7
gam . Mt khc 4,256 lt B ktc p va vi 140 ml dd brom 1M. Tnh khi lng cc cht trong
12,24 gam B bit p xy ra hon ton.
s: etan = 6 gam; etilen = 2,24 gam v propin = 4 gam
Cu 9: Mt hn hp kh (X) gm 1 ankan, 1 anken v 1 ankin c V =1,792 lt ( ktc) c chia thnh 2
phn bng nhau:
+ Phn 1: Cho qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d to 0,735 g kt ta v th tch hn hp gim 12,5%
+ Phn 2: t chy hon ton ri hp th sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th thy c 12 gam kt
ta.
Xc nh CTPT ca cc hirocacbon v %V cc cht trong X bit ankan v anken c cng s C?
Gii
+ S mol ba cht trong X = 0,08 mol => S mol ankin l 0,01 => S mol ankin trong mi phn l 0,005
mol. Nu X l axetilen th khi lng kt ta l 1,2 gam(tri vi gi thit)
+ P vi AgNO3/NH3 ta c:
CnH2n-2 + AgNO3 + NH3 CnH2n-3Ag + NH4NO3.
Mol: 0,005
0,005
0,005(14n + 105 ) = 0,735 => n = 3 => ankin l propin
+ S mol CaCO3 = 0,2 mol => S C = 3 => hai cht cn li l propan v propen.

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

Bi 7: ANKIN (CnH2n-2 ; n 2)

H tn:

Lp: 11A1

Ngy hc: 22/01/2015

DNG BI TP V PHN NG ANKIN + H2

I. Phng php
- Gi s X l hn hp ban u gm CnH2n-2 v H2; Y l hn hp sau phn ng.
+ Cc phn ng xy ra:
o
CnH2n-2 + H2 xt, t
CnH2n.
xt, t o
CnH2n-2 + H2
CnH2n+2.
+ Hn hp Y c th c: CnH2n, CnH2n+2, C2H2n-2 v H2 d
+ Quan h v khi lng, ta c: mA = mB
+ Quan h v s mol, ta c: nA nB = nH2 phn ng nankin phn ng (quan h v s mol).
Th tch (hay s mol) ca hn hp gim chnh l th tch (hay s mol) ca H2 phn ng.
+ t chy B cng l t chy A.
II. Bi tp
Cu 1: Mt hn hp X gm 0,12 mol C2H2 v 0,18 mol H2. Cho X i qua Ni nung nng, sau mt thi gian
thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y vo bnh ng brom d, thy bnh brom tng m gam v thot ra kh Z. t
chy ht Z v cho ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy c 5 gam kt ta xut
hin v thy khi lng dung dch gim 1,36 gam. Tnh gi tr ca m ?
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm 0,15 mol CH4; 0,09 mol C2H2 v 0,2 mol H2. Nung nng X vi xc tc Ni thu c
hn hp Y. Cho Y qua dung dch brom d thu c hn hp kh Z (c t khi so vi He l 4). Bit bnh
brom tng 0,82 gam. Tnh % th tch ca C2H6 trong hn hp Z.
Cu 3: Mt bnh kn dung tch 17,92 lit ng hn hp kh H2 v axetilen (00C v 1atm) v mt t bt Ni.
Nung nng bnh mt thi gian sau lm lnh n 00C.
a) Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung qua dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d s to 2,4 gam kt
ta vng. Tnh khi lng axetilen cn li sau phn ng .
b) Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung qua dung dch nc brom ta thy khi lng dung dch
tng ln 0,82 gam. Tnh khi lng etilen to thnh trong bnh
c) Tnh th tch etan v H2 cn li, bit rng hn hp kh ban u c t khi so vi H2 bng 4
S: 1/ 0,26 gam
2/ 1,12 gam
3/ C2H6 = 3,808 lt; H2 = 5,376 lt
Cu 4: Cho 4,96 gam hn hp gm Ca, CaC2 p ht vi H2O c 2,24 lit (ktc) hn hp kh X.
a) Tnh % khi lng CaC2 trong hn hp u
b) un nng hn hp kh X c mt xc tc thch hp mt thi gian c hn hp kh Y. Chia Y lm
hai phn bng nhau:
+ Ly phn 1 cho qua t t dung dch nc brom d thy cn li 0,448 lit (ktc) hn hp kh Z c t
khi hi vi H2 bng 4,5. Hi khi lng bnh nc brom tng ln bao nhiu.
+ Phn hai trn vi 1,68 lit oxi ( ktc) vo bnh kn c th tch 4 lit. Sau khi bt tia la in t chy,
gi nhit 109,20C. Tnh p sut bnh nhit ny. Bit rng dung tch bnh khng i.
S: 1/ 51,6% 2/ + khi lng bnh tng = KL 1/2X-Y= 0,4 gam
Ha hc 11

+ P = 0,7835 atm
Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

Cu 5: Cho a gam CaC2 cha b % tp cht tr, tc dng vi H2O thu c V lit kh C2H2 (ktc).
1) Lp biu thc tnh b theo a v V.
2) Tnh V bit a = 16 gam v b = 20%.
3) Trn V lt axetilen trn vi 0,5 mol hiro c hh A. Cho A qua Ni, t0 c hh B. Chia B lm hai
phn bng nhau:
a) Cho phn 1 qua nc brom d thy c 4,256 lt hh kh D thot ra ktc. Tnh %V mi kh trong B?
b) t chy phn 2 th thu c bao nhiu lt CO2 00C v 2 atm.
S: 1/ b = (7a-20V)/7a 2/ 4,48 lt 3/ a. C2H2 = C2H6 = 16%; C2H4 = 8%; H2 = 60% b. CO2 = 2,24 lt
Cu 6: Khi sn xut t n ngi ta thu c hn hp cht rn gm CaC2, Ca v CaO (hn hp A). Cho
5,52 gam A tc dng ht vi nc thu c 2,5 lt hn hp kh kh X 27,30C v 0,9856 atm. T khi ca
X so vi mtan bng 0,725.
1- Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong A.
2- un nng hn hp X vi bt Ni xc tc mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y li t t qua bnh
nc Br2 d thy cn li 896 ml hn hp kh Z (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 4,5. Tnh khi lng brm
tham gia phn ng.
S: 1/ Ca = 43,48%; CaO = 10,15%; CaC2 = 46,37%
2/ 0,4 gam
TON TNG GIM S MOL KH
Cu 1: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi He l 3,75. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh
Y c t khi so vi He l 5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l
A. 20%.
B. 25%.
C. 40%.
D. 50%.
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp Y c t
khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l
A. 70%.
B. 80%.
C. 60%.
D. 50%.
Cu 3: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v C3H6 c t khi so vi He l 5,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh Y
c t khi so vi He l 8,8. Hiu sut ca phn ng hir ho l:
A. 20%.
B. 75%.
C. 40%.
D. 37,5%.
Cu 4: Nung mt lng butan trong bnh kn (c xc tc thch hp) thu c hn hp kh X gm ankan v anken. T
khi ca X so vi kh hiro l 21,75. Phn trm th tch ca butan trong X l
A. 66,67%.
B. 25,00%.
C. 50,00%.
D. 33,33%.
Cu 5: Cho propan qua xc tc ( nhit cao) thu c hn hp X gm C 3H6, C3H4, C3H8 v H2. T khi ca X so
vi hiro l 13,2. Nu cho 33 gam hn hp X vo dung dch brom (d) th s mol brom ti a phn ng l
A. 0,35 mol.
B. 0,75 mol.
C. 0,5 mol.
D. 1,25 mol.
Cu 6: Cho butan qua xc tc ( nhit cao) thu c hn hp X gm C4H10, C4H8, C4H6 v H2. T khi ca X so vi butan
l 0,4. Nu cho 0,6 mol X vo dung dch brom (d) th s mol brom ti a phn ng l
A. 0,60 mol.
B. 0,36 mol.
C. 0,48 mol.
D. 0,24 mol.
Cu 7: Cho 10 lt hn hp gm CH4 v C2H2 tc dng vi 10 lt H2. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn
hp 16 lt hn hp kh (th tch cc kh o cng ktc). Vy th tch ca mi kh trong hn hp ban u ln lt l
bao nhiu (trong cc gi tr sau y)?
A. 8 lt v 2 lt. B. 2,5 lt v 7,5 lt.
C. 5 lt v 5 lt. D. 3,5 lt v 6,5 lt.
Cu 8: Hn hp kh X gm 0,3mol H2 v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt thi gian vi xc tc Ni thu c hn
hp kh Y c t khi so vi khng kh l 1. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c m gam brom
tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,0.
B. 16,0.
C. 3,2.
D. 32,0.
Cu 9: Hn hp X gm 0,15 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,6 mol H2. Nung nng hn hp X (xc tc Ni) mt thi gian, thu
c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 10. Dn hn hp Y qua dung dch brom d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon
ton, khi lng brom tham gia phn ng l
A. 0 gam.
B. 24 gam.
C. 8 gam.
D. 16 gam.
Cu 10: Hn hp kh X gm 0,25 mol H2 v 0,25 mol C2H2. Nung X mt thi gian vi xc tc Ni thu c hn hp
kh Y c t khi so vi H2 l 10. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c m gam brom tham gia
phn ng. Gi tr ca m l:

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

A. 48,0.
B. 56,0.
C. 24,0.
D. 32,0.
Cu 11: Hn hp kh X gm 0,35 mol H2 v 0,15 mol propin. Nung X mt thi gian vi xc tc Ni thu c hn hp
kh Y c t khi so vi He l 5. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c a mol brom tham gia
phn ng. Gi tr ca a l:
A. 0,05.
B. 0,1.
C. 0,135.
D. 0,2.
Cu 12: Trong mt bnh kn cha 0,35 mol C2H2; 0,65 mol H2 v mt t bt Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, thu
c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Sc X vo lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 n phn ng
hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y v 24 gam kt ta. Hn hp kh Y phn ng va vi bao nhiu mol Br 2 trong
dung dch?
A. 0,20 mol.
B. 0,10 mol.
C. 0,25 mol.
D. 0,15 mol.
Cu 13: Hn hp X gm H2, C2H4 v C3H6 c t khi so vi H2 l 9,25. Cho 22,4 lt X (ktc) vo bnh kn c sn mt
t bt Ni. un nng bnh mt thi gian, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H 2 bng 10. Tng s mol H2
phn ng l
A. 0,070 mol. B. 0,050 mol.
C. 0,015 mol. D. 0,075 mol.
Cu 14: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 27,25 gm: butan, but - 1 - en v vinylaxetilen. t hon ton 0,15 mol hn
hp X thu c tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l m gam. Mt khc, khi dn 0,15 mol hn hp X trn vo bnh ng
dung dch brom d thy c a gam brom phn ng. Gi tr m v a l:
A. 43,95 gam v 21 gam.
B. 35,175 gam v 21 gam.
C. 35,175 gam v 42 gam.
D. 43,95 gam v 42 gam.
Bi 7: ANKIN (CnH2n-2 ; n 2)

H tn:

Lp: 11A1

Ngy hc: 24/01/2015

TON BO TON KHI LNG

Cu 1: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X,
tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l:
A. 16,80 gam.
B. 20,40 gam.
C. 18,96 gam.
D. 18,60 gam.
Cu 2: Mt loi kh ho lng cha trong cc bnh ga c thnh phn v khi lng l: 0,3% etan; 96,8% propan v 2,9% butan.
Th tch khng kh cn t t chy hon ton 10 gam kh (ktc) l:
A. 25,45 lt.
B. 127,23 lt.
C. 138,52 lt.
D. 95,62 lt.
Cu 3: Hn hp kh X gm etilen, metan, propin v vinylaxetilen c t khi so vi H 2 l 17. t chy hon ton 0,05
mol hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch Ca(OH) 2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng thm m
gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,39.
B. 6,6.
C. 5,85.
D. 7,3.
Cu 4: Hn hp kh X gm: metan, etilen, propin v vinylaxetilen c t khi so vi H 2 l 17. t chy hon ton 0,3
mol hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch Ca(OH) 2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng thm m
gam. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 20,34.
B. 43,8.
C. 35,1.
D. 39,6.
Cu 5: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc nung nng, thu
c hn hp Y gm C2H4, C2H6, C2H2 v H2. Sc Y vo dung dch brom (d) th khi lng bnh brom tng 10,8
gam v thot ra 4,48 lt hn hp kh (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 8.
Th tch O2 (ktc) cn t chy hon
ton hn hp Y l
A. 33,6 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 44,8 lt.
D. 26,88 lt.
Cu 6: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh
Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc) c t
khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l:
A. 1,04 gam.
B. 1,64 gam.
C. 1,20 gam.
D. 1,32 gam.
Cu 7: un nng hn hp kh X gm 0,02 mol C2H2 v 0,03 mol H2 trong mt bnh kn (xc tc Ni), thu c hn hp kh Y.
Cho Y li t t vo bnh nc brom (d), sau khi kt thc cc phn ng, khi lng bnh tng m gam v c 280 ml hn hp kh
Z (ktc) thot ra. T khi ca Z so vi H2 l 10,08. Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,328.
B. 0,205.
C. 0,585.
D. 0,620.

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

Cu 8: un nng 24,6 gam hn hp kh X gm C2H2 v H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Dn
ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 6,72 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc) c t khi so vi O2
l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l:
A. 15,6 gam.
B. 24,6 gam.
C. 18 gam.
D. 19,8 gam.
Cu 9: un nng 5,8 gam hn hp (X) gm C2H2 v H2 trong bnh kn c xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp kh
(Y). Dn kh (Y) qua bnh ng brom d thy khi lng bnh tng 1,2 gam v cn li hn hp kh (Z). Vy khi
lng hn hp kh (Z) bng bao nhiu (trong cc s sau)?
A. 2,5 gam.
B. 4,6 gam.
C. 7,5 gam.
D. 4,8 gam.
Cu 10: un nng 24,6 gam hn hp kh X gm C2H2 v H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Dn
ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) thy khi lng bnh tng 19,8 gam v cn li V lt hn hp
kh Z ( ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 8. Gi tr V l:
A. 3,36.
B. 6,72.
C. 13,44.
D. 8,96.
Cu 11: un nng 11,6gam hn hp (X) gm C2H2 v H2 trong bnh kn c xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp kh
(Y). Dn kh (Y) qua bnh ng brom d thy khi lng bnh tng 2,4 gam v cn li hn hp kh (Z). Vy khi
lng hn hp kh (Z) l:
A. 5,0 gam.
B. 9,2 gam.
C. 15 gam.
D. 9,6 gam.
Cu 12: Hn hp kh X gm C2H6, C3H6 v C4H6. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 24. t chy hon ton 0,96 gam X
trong oxi d ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo 1 lt dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,05M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,85.
B. 5,91.
C. 13,79.
D. 7,88.
TON TM ANKIN V TNH CHT C BN
Cu 13: Cho 3,12 gam ankin X phn ng vi 0,1 mol H 2 (xc tc Pd/PbCO3, to), thu c hn hp Y ch c hai
hirocacbon. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H2.
B. C5H8.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H4.
Cu 14: Mt bnh kn cha hn hp A gm hirocacbon X v H2 vi Ni xc tc. Nung bnh mt thi gian thu c
kh B duy nht. t chy hon ton B thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O. Bit VA = 3VB. Vy cng thc phn t
ca X l:
A. C2H4.
B. C2H2.
C. C3H4.
D. C3H6.
Cu 15: Mt hn hp kh X gm ankin B v H2 c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 0,6. Nung nng hn hp X c xc tc Ni phn
ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 1. Cho hn hp Y qua dd brom d th khi
lng bnh cha dd brom tng nn l:
A. 8 gam.
B. 16 gam.
C. 0 gam.
D. 24 gam.
Cu 16: Chia hn hp hai ankin thnh 2 phn bng nhau.
- t chy hon ton phn 1, thu c 1,76 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam hi nc.
- Phn 2 tc dng vi dung dch brom d, khi lng brom phn ng l:
A. 6,4 gam.
B. 3,2 gam.
C. 1,4 gam.
D. 2,3 gam.
Cu 17: Hn hp X gm hai ankin k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng. Dn 5,6 lt hn hp X (ktc) qua bnh
ng dung dch Br2 d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 11,4gam.
Cng thc phn t ca hai ankin l:
A. C2H2 v C3H4.
B. C3H4 v C4H6.
C. C4H6 v C5H8.
D. C5H8 v C6H10.
Cu 18: t chy hon ton mt ankin (Z) th kh, thu c CO2 v H2O c tng khi lng l 25,2 gam. Dn ht sn phm
chy qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 45 gam kt ta. Vy CTPT ca ankin (Z) l:
A. C2H2.
B. C4H6.
C. C3H4.
D. C5H8.
Cu 19: t chy hon ton mt ankin X thu c 10,8 gam H2O. Nu cho tt c sn phm chy hp th ht vo bnh ng
nc vi trong th khi lng bnh tng thm 50,4gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l:
A. C2H2.
B. C3H4.
C. C4H6.
D. C5H8.
Cu 20: Dn V (lt) ktc hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu c kh
Y. Dn Y vo lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 12 gam kt ta. Kh i ra khi dung dch
phn ng va vi 16 gam brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z thu c 2,24 lt kh CO 2 ( dktc) v
4,5 gam nc. Gi tr ca V bng:
A. 8,96.
B. 5,60.
C. 13,44.
D. 11,2.
Cu 21: Dn V (lt) ktc hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu c kh
Y. Dn Y vo lng d AgNO3/NH3 thu c 18 gam kt ta. Kh i ra khi dung dch phn ng va vi 24 gam

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015

Chuyn 2: Hiddrocacbon v dn xut

brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z thu c 3,36 lt kh CO 2 ( ktc) v 6,75 gam nc. Gi tr ca V
bng:
A. 13,44.
B. 8,96.
C. 20,16.
D. 16,8.
Cu 22: Hn hp A gm mt propin v mt ankin X. Cho 0,3 mol A phn ng va vi 0,2 mol AgNO 3 trong NH3.
Vy ankin X l:
A. Axetilen.
B. But - 1 - in.
C. But - 2 - in.
D. Pent - 1 - in.
Cu 23: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C6H6. Bit 1 mol X tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d to ra 292 gam cht
kt ta. Khi cho X tc dng vi H2 d (Ni, t0) thu c 3 - metylpentan. Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. CH C - C C - CH2 - CH3.
B. CH C - CH2 - CH = CH = CH2.
C. CH C - CH(CH3) - C CH.
D. CH C - C(CH3) = C = CH2.
Cu 24: Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3,
thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 25: Cho 6,7 gam hn hp hai hirocacbon c cng thc phn t l C3H4 v C4H6 li qua mt lng d dung
dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 22,75g kt ta vng (khng thy c kh thot ra khi dung dch). Vy phn trm khi
lng cc kh trn ln lt l:
A. 33,33% v 66,67%.
B. 66,67% v 33,33%.
C. 59,7% v 40,3%.
D. 29,85% v 70,15%.
Cu 26: Cho 13,44 lt C2H2 (ktc) qua ng than nung nng 6000C, thu c 14,04 gam benzen.
Vy hiu sut phn ng l:
A. 75%.
B. 80%.
C. 85%.
D. 90%.
Cu 27: Cho 3,36 lt kh hirocacbon X (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu
c 36 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H6.
B. C4H4.
C. C2H2.
D. C3H4.
Cu 28: Cho 27,2 gam ankin X tc dng vi 15,68 lt kh H2 (ktc) c xc tc thch hp, thu c hn hp Y (khng cha
H2). Bit Y phn ng ti a vi dung dch cha 16 gam Br2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H6.
B. C3H4.
C. C2H2.
D. C5H8.

Ha hc 11

Nm hc : 2014 - 2015