Bi tp v phn Hirocacbon: Ankan, Anken, Ankin, Aren.

Cu 1. Hn hp kh X gm 0,5 mol H2; 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,2 mol axetilen. Nung X mt thi gian vi
xc tc Ni, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H 2 l 28,5. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch
brom (d) th c m gam brom tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca m l
A. 32.
B. 64.
C. 48.
D. 16.
Cu 2. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Khi t chy mt hirocacbon X, nu thu c s mol CO 2 nh hn s mol H2O th X l ankin hoc
ankaien.
(b) Hp cht phenylaxetilen c cha 13 lin kt .
(c) Brom tan trong nc tt hn trong hexan.
(d) Nhng hp cht hu c c cng cng thc cu to nhng khc nhau v s phn b khng gian ca cc
nguyn t trong phn t l ng phn ca nhau.
(e) Phn ng hu c thng xy ra nhanh, khng hon ton v khng theo mt hng nht nh.
(g) Hp cht C9H12BrCl c vng benzen trong phn t.
S pht biu ng l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 5.
Cu 3. Cho dy cc cht: o-xilen, stiren, isopren, vinylaxetilen, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy lm mt
mu nc brom l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 4. Cho dy chuyn ho sau:
Benzen

C2 H 4 ( t o , xt )

Br2 ( as ,1:1)

KOH / C2 H 5OH ,t o

Bit X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh. Tn gi ca Y, Z ln lt l

A. benzyl bromua v toluen.
B. 1-brom-2-phenyletan v stiren.
C. 1-brom-1-phenyletan v stiren.
D. 2-brom-1-phenylbenzen v stiren.
Cu 5. Cho 3,36 lt C2H2 (iu kin tiu chun) i qua dung dch HgSO4 80OC thu c hn hp sn phm
hu c A (hiu sut 60%). Cho hn hp sn phm A tc dng vi dung dch Ag 2O/NH3 d thu c m gam
cht rn. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 33,84
B. 48,24
C. 14,4
D. 19,44
Cu 6. V lt kh A gm H2 v 2 olefin ng ng lin tip, trong H2 chim 60% v th tch .Dn hn hp A
i qua Ni nung nng c hn hp kh B. t chy hon ton kh B c 19,8 gam CO2 v 13,5 gam H2O.
Cng thc ca 2 olefin l
A. C2H4 v C3H6
B. C3H6 v C4H8
C. C4H8 v C5H10
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
Cu 7. Nitro ho benzen c 14,1 gam hn hp 2 cht nitro c phn t khi hn km nhau l 45 (u). t
chy hon ton hn hp hai cht nitro ny c 0,07 mol N2. 2 cht nitro l
A. C6H5NO2 v C6H4(NO2)2
B. C6H4(NO2)2; C6H3(NO2)3
C. C6H3(NO2)3; C6H2(NO2)4
D. C6H2(NO2)4 ; C6H(NO2)5
Cu 8. X l hn hp gm propan, xiclopropan, butan v xiclobutan. t m gam X thu c 63,8 gam CO2 v
28,8 gam H2O. Thm H2 va vo m gam X ri un nng vi Ni thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H 2 l
26,375. T khi ca X so vi H2 l:
A. 23,95
B. 25,75
C. 24,52
D. 22,89
Cu 9. Xc nh cht C bit A, B, C, D l cc cht v c hoc hu c tha mn:
0
600
C
A
B+C
B + H2O D
E + F A
0

xt ,t

to , p , xt

2D
E + F + 2H2O
nE
Cao su Buna.
A. C2H5OH
B. CH3CHO
C. C2H6
D. C6H6
Cu 10. t chy hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp X gm 2 hidrocacbon mch h c s mol bng nhau thu c 0,75
mol CO2 v 0,9 mol H2O. S cp cht tha mn X l?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 6
D. 4

Cu 11. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to, mch h c cng thc phn t C 5H8 tc dng vi H2 d (xc tc
thch hp) thu c sn phm isopentan?
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 12. Cho s chuyn ha sau: CH4 C2H2 C2H3Cl PVC. tng hp 250kg PVC theo s trn
th cn V m3 kh thin nhin ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (bit CH 4 chim 80% th tch khi thin nhin v hiu
sut ca c qu trnh l 50%)
A. 224,0
B. 448,0
C. 286,7
D. 358,4
Cu 13. Cho V lit (u 17ktc) hn hp kh X gm C2H2 v H2 i qua ng cha xc tc Ni,un nng thu c
hn hp gm 3 hidrocacbon c t khi so vi H 2 bng 13,5.Phn trm th tch kh C2H2 trong X l:
A.33,33 %
B.60 %
C.66,67 %
D.40 %
Cu 14. Cho s phn ng (theo ng t l mol):
(a) X X1 + X2
(b) X1 X3 + 22
(c) X
X42
d) X2 + X4 X5
e) X5 X62
f) nX3nX6 X7
Bit X l hirocacbon, X7l polime c phn t khi ca mt mt xch bng 158. Cng thc ca X l
A. C7H16.
B. C5H12.
C. C4H10.
D. C6H14.
Cu 15. Cho butan qua xc tc ( nhit cao) thu c hn hp X gm C 4H10, C3H6, C2H6, C2H4 v CH4.
un nng X vi mt lng H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp Y. t chy
hon ton Y thu c 6,72 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 7,56 gam H2O. Bit hn hp Y phn ng va vi 250 ml
dung dch Br2 0,1M. T khi ca X so vi H2 l
A. 30.
B. 15.
C. 24.
D. 12.
Cu 16. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp X gm C 2H2 v hirocacbon Y. Hp th ht sn phm chy vo
dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 15 gam kt ta v khi lng phn dung dch gim bt 5,7 gam. Cng thc
phn t ca Y l
A. C4H10.
B. C4H8.
C. C5H12.
D. C5H10.
Cu 17. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp X gm stiren v p-xilen thu c CO2 v nc. Hp th hon
ton sn phm chy bng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c dung dch Y. Khi lng kt ta thu c khi
cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo dung dch Y l
A. 19,7 gam.
B. 59,1 gam.
C. 39,4 gam.
D. 157,6 gam
Cu 18. Phn ng no di y lm thay i cu to ca nhn thm ?
A. stiren + Br2 (trong CCl4)
B. benzen + Cl2 (as)
C. cumen + Cl2 (as)
D. toluen + KMnO4 + H2SO4 (t0)
Cu 19. 10 gam hn hp X gm CH4, C3H6 v C2H2 lm mt mu 48 gam Br2 trong dung dch. Mt khc
13,44 lt kh X (ktc) tc dng va vi AgNO 3/NH3 c 36 gam kt ta. Thnh phn % v khi lng ca
CH4 c trong X l
A. 25%
B. 32%
C. 20%
D. 50%
Cu 20. t chy hon ton 2 lt hn hp kh gm ankin X v hirocacbon Y cn dng 4,5 lt kh O 2 sinh ra 3
lt kh CO2 (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X v Y ln lt l:
A. C2H2 v CH4.
B. C3H4 v CH4.
C. C2H2 v C2H4.
D. C3H4 v C2H6.
Cu 21. Hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t C 6H10. X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 to ra kt ta
vng. Khi hiro ha hon ton X thu c neo-hexan. Tn gi ca X l:
A. 2,2-imetylbut-3-in.
B. 2,2-imetylbut-2-in.
C. 3,3-imetylbut-1-in.
D. 3,3-imetylpent-1-in.
Cu 22. Hn hp X gm axetilen, etilen v hidrocacbon A chy hon ton thu c CO 2 v H2O theo t l mol
1:1. Dn X i qua bnh ng dung dch brom d thy khi lng bnh tng ln 0,82 gam, kh thot ra khi
bnh em t chy hon ton thu c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,72 gam H2O. % V ca A trong X l
A. 75.
B. 50.
C. 33,33.
D. 25.
Cu 23. t chy hon ton 2,24 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm: CH 4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8 thu c 6,16 gam CO2
v 4,14 gam H2O. S mol C2H4 trong hn hp trn l
A. 0,03 mol.
B. 0,09 mol.
C. 0,01 mol.
D. 0,08 mol.
Cu 24. Cho 2,721 gam cao su buna-S tc dng va ht vi dung dch cha 3,53 gam brom trong CCl 4. T l
s mt xch gia butaien v stiren trong loi cao su l
A. 2 : 1.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 1 : 1.
D. 3 : 2.

Cu 25. Cho 1,792 lt hn hp X gm: propin, H 2 ( ktc, t khi ca X so vi H 2 bng 65/8) i qua xc tc
nung nng trong bnh kn thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi ca Y so vi He bng a. Y lm mt mu va
160 gam nc brom 2%. Gi tr gn ng nht ca a l
A. 8,12.
B. 10,8.
C. 21,6.
D.32,58.
Cu 26. Cho s chuyn ho sau
0

xt,t
C2 H

X
2

H 2 ,t 0
Pd,PbCO3

Z
t 0 ,xt,p

Cao su buna N

Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l :
A. benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac
B. axetanehit; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien
C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; stiren
D. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; acrilonitrin
Cu 27. Cho isopren tc dng vi HBr theo t l 1:1 v s mol th tng s ng phn cu to c th thu c
l
A. 5
B. 6
C. 4
D. 7
Cu 28. Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C9H12. Khi cho X tc dng vi clo c mt bt st hoc tc dng
vi clo khi chiu sng u thu c 1 dn xut monoclo duy nht. Tn gi ca X l
A. cumen.
B. 1,3,5-trimetylbenzen.
C. propylbenzen.
D. 1-etyl-3-metylbenzen.
Cu 29. Mt bnh kn cha hn hp X gm 0,06 mol axetilen; 0,09 mol vinylaxetilen; 0,16 mol H 2 v mt t
bt Ni. Nung hn hp X thu c hn hp Y gm 7 hirocacbon (khng cha but -1-in) c t khi hi i vi
H2 l 328/15. Cho ton b hn hp Y i qua bnh ng dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d, thu c m gam kt ta
vng nht v 1,792 lt hn hp kh Z thot ra khi bnh. lm no hon ton hn hp Z cn va ng 50 ml
dung dch Br2 1M. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l
A. 14,37.
B. 15,18.
C. 13,56.
D. 28,71.
Cu 30. Tnh cht ho hc no khng phi ca stiren?
A. Tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
B. Lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4.
C. Tham gia phn ng trng hp, phn ng ng trng hp.
D. Lm mt mu dung dch Br2.
Cu 31. t chy hon ton 0,336 lt (ktc) ankaien X th kh. Sn phm chy c hp th ht vo 40 ml
dung dch Ba(OH)2 1,5M thu c 8,865 gam kt ta. X l
A. C3H4.
B. C5H8.
C. C3H4 hoc C5H8.
D. C4H6.
Cu 32. t chy hon ton 8,0 gam hn hp X gm hai ankin (th kh nhit thng) thu c 26,4 gam
CO2. Mt khc, cho 80 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 d n khi phn ng hon
ton thu c lng kt ta vt qu 25 gam. Cng thc cu to ca hai ankin trn l
A. CHCH v CH3-CCH.
B. CHCH v CH3-CH2-CCH.
C. CHCH v CH3-CC-CH3.
D. CH3-CCH v CH3-CH2-CCH.
Cu 33. Tin hnh ime ha 1 mol axetilen thu c hn hp X. Trn X vi H 2 theo t l 1:2 v s mol ri
nung nng vi bt Ni n phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp Y. Y lm mt mu va dung dch cha
0,15 mol Br2. Hiu sut phn ng ime ha l
A. 70%.
B. 15%.
C. 30%.
D. 85%.
Cu 34. S hirocacbon th kh (ktc) tc dng c vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3 l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 5.
Cu 35. Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn?
A. 2.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 36. Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc thch
hp nung nng, thu c hn hp Y gm C 2H4, C2H6, C2H2 v H2. Sc Y vo dung dch brom d th khi
lng bnh brom tng m gam so vi ban u v thot ra 4,48 lt hn hp kh (ktc) c t khi so vi H 2 l 8.
t chy hon ton Y cn 33,6 lt O2 (ktc). Gi tr m l
A. 14,0.
B. 9,8.
C. 10,8.
D. 13,4.
Cu 37. Tin hnh nhit phn hn hp X gm butan v heptan (t l 2 : 1 v s mol) th thu c hn hp Y
(Gi s ch xy ra phn ng cracking ankan vi hiu sut 100%). KLPTTB ca Y (Ytb ) l:

A. Ytb = 36.
B. 27 Ytb 54.
C. 27 Ytb 32.
D. 27 Ytb 36.
Cu 38. Thuc n TNT c iu ch trc tip t
A. Vinyl benzen.
B. p-xilen.
C. Benzen.
D. Metyl benzen.

Cu 39. Cho hn hp A gm 3 hirocacbon X, Y, Z thuc 3 dy ng ng v hn hp B gm O 2, O3. Trn A

vi B theo t l th tch VA:VB = 1,5:3,2 ri t chy. Hn hp sau phn ng thu c ch gm CO 2 v H2O(hi)
c t l V(CO2):V(H2O) = 1,3:1,2. Bit t khi hi ca B so vi H2 l 19. T khi hi ca A so vi H2 l
A. 13,5.
B. 15.
C. 11,5.
D. 12.
Cu 40. Thc hin hai dy chuyn ho:

C6H6

HNO 3 / H 2SO 4

CH 3Cl / AlCl3

Br2 / Fe

Br2 / Fe

C6H6
?
B
Bit rng cc phn ng xy ra vi t l mol 1:1. Tn gi ca cc sn phm A, B thu c ln lt l
A. (A) o-bromnitrobenzen v p-bromnitrobenzen; (B) m-bromtoluen.
B. (A) m-bromnitrobenzen; (B) o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen.
C. (A) p-bromnitrobenzen; (B) o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen.
D. (A) m-bromnitrobenzen; (B) m-bromtoluen.
Cu 41. Cho cc cht sau: etilen, vinylaxetilen, isopren, toluen, propin, stiren, butan, cumen, benzen,
buta-1,3-ien. Mnh no di y l ng khi nhn xt v cc cht trn?
A. C 6 cht lm mt mu dung dch brom.
B. C 5 cht lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4 nhit thng.
C. C 3 cht tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3, un nng.
D. C 6 cht tc dng vi H2 (c xc tc thch hp v un nng).
Cu 42. Trong mt bnh kn cha 0,35 mol C2H2; 0,65 mol H2 v mt t bt Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi
gian, thu c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Sc X vo lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
n phn ng hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y v 24 gam kt ta. Hn hp kh Y phn ng va vi bao
nhiu mol Br2 trong dung dch?
A. 0,20 mol.
B. 0,25 mol.
C. 0,10 mol.
D. 0,15 mol.
Cu 43. Khi crackinh hon ton mt th tch ankan X thu c hai th tch hn hp Y (cc th tch kh o
cng iu kin nhit v p sut); t khi ca Y so vi H 2 bng 14,5. t chy hon ton 2,24 lt X (
ktc), ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 1M thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr
m l
A. 78,8g.
B. 59,1g.
C. 19,7g.
D. 39,4.
Cu 44. Dn 2,24 lt hn hp kh X gm C2H2 v H2 (c t l th tch V(C2H2) ; V(H2) = 2 : 3 ) i qua Ni

nung nng thu c hn hp Y, cho Y i qua dung dch Br2 d thu c 896ml hn hp kh Z bay ra khi
bnh dung dch Br2. T khi ca Z i vi H2 bng 4,5. Bit cc kh u o ktc. Khi lng bnh Br2 tng
thm l
A. 1,6gam
B. 0,8gam
C. 0,4 gam
D. 0,6 gam
Cu 45. Hn hp kh X gm 0,45 mol H2 v 0,15 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt thi gian vi xc tc
Ni thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H2 l 14,5. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch
brom (d) th c m gam brom tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca m l
A. 32.
B. 48.
C. 16.
D. 24.
Cu 46. Nung nng a mol hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 trong bnh kn c xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp
kh Y. Dn Y qua lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c 24 gam kt ta
v hn hp kh Z. Hn hp Z lm mt mu ti a 40 gam brom trong dung dch v cn li hn hp kh T. t
chy hon ton T thu c 11,7 gam nc. Vy gi tr ca a l
A. 1.
B. 0,9.
C. 1,25.
D. 2,5.
Cu 47. Cho phn ng:
CH3CH=C(CH3)CH3 + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 CH3COOH + CH3COCH3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O
Tng cc h s l s nguyn nh nht ng trc cht kh v cht oxi ha phn ng trn cn bng l
A. 14.
B. 2.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Cu 48. Khi nung butan vi xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp T gm CH 4, C3H6, C2H4, C2H6, C4H8, H2 v
C4H10 d. t chy hon ton hn hp T thu c 8,96 lt CO 2 (o ktc) v 9,0 gam H2O. Mt khc, hn
hp T lm mt mu va ht 12 gam Br2 trong dung dch nc brom. Hiu sut phn ng nung butan l
A. 75%.
B. 65%.
C. 50%.
D. 45%.
Cu 49. Khi nung butan vi xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp T gm CH 4, C3H6, C2H4, C2H6, C4H8, H2 v
C4H10 d. t chy hon ton hn hp T thu c 8,96 lt CO 2 (o ktc) v 9,0 gam H2O. Mt khc, hn
hp T lm mt mu va ht 12 gam Br2 trong dung dch nc brom. Hiu sut phn ng nung butan l
A. 75%.
B. 65%.
C. 50%.
D. 45%.

Cu 50. Trn C2H6 v mt ankin X ( th kh) theo t l mol 1:1, ri thm tip kh O 2 vo th c hn hp c
t khi so vi H2 l 18. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H2.
B. C5H8.
C. C3H4.
D. C4H6.
Cu 51. S iu ch PVC trong cng nghip hin nay l

Cl2
HCl

TH ,t , Pcao
A. C2H6
C2H5Cl
C2H3Cl
PVC.
Cl2
TH ,t , Pcao

B. C2H4
C2H3Cl
PVC.
1500o C
HCl

TH ,t , Pcao
C. CH4
C2H2
C2H3Cl
PVC.
Cl2
TH ,t , Pcao
HCl

D. C2H4
C2H4Cl2
C2H3Cl
PVC.
Cu 52. Cho cc phn ng sau:

askt

a) CH4 + Cl2
CH3Cl + HCl
b) C2H4 + Br2
C2H4Br2
Fe ,t o

askt
c) C6H6 + Br2
C6H5 Br + HBr
d) C6H5CH3 + Cl2
C6H5CH2Cl + HCl
S phn ng c c ch th gc t do, phn ng dy chuyn l
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
Cu 53. Cho cc hirocacbon sau: aren(1); ankan c nhnh(2); anken c nhnh(3); xicloankan khng phn
nhnh(4); ankan khng phn nhnh(5); anken khng phn nhnh(6). Th t tng dn ch s octan ca cc
hirocacbon trn l
A. 1,3,2,6,4,5.
B. 5,4,6,2,3,1.
C. 4,5,6,2,3,1.
D. 5,4,6,1,2,3.
Cu 54. X c cng thc phn t C6H14. Khi clo ho X (theo t l mol 1:1) thu c 2 sn phm. Thc hin
phn ng hiro t X th thu bao nhiu olefin ?
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 55. Hn hp X gm axetilen, propilen v metan. t chy hon ton 11 gam hn hp X thu c 12,6
gam nc. Mt khc 5,6 lt hn hp X(kc) phn ng va vi dung dch cha 50 gam brom. Thnh phn
% th tch ca cc cht trong hn hp X ln lt l
A.37,5%; 37,5%; 25,0% .
B.37,5%; 25,0%; 37,5% .
C.25,0%; 50,0%; 25,0% .
D.50,0%; 25,0%; 25,0% .
Cu 56. Mt hn hp X gm axetilen, etilen v mt hidrocacbon M. Cho m gam hn hp X li t t qua
dung brom d thy khi lng bnh brom tng 5,40 gam. Mt khc em t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X
thu c 11,20 lt kh CO 2 ( ktc) v 9 gam H2O. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca M c trong hn
hp X l
A.22.86%.
B.22,88%
C.22,85%.
D.22,87%.