Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

CC PP GII TON C TRNG CA HA HU C

(BI TP T LUYN)
(Ti liu dng chung cho cc bi ging : Bi 3, bi 4, bi 5 thuc chuyn 1)

Gio vin: V KHC NGC

Cc bi tp trong ti liu ny c bin son km theo bi ging Cc phng php gii ton c trng ca ha
hu c (Phn 3) thuc Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc) ti website Hocmai.vn
gip cc Bn kim tra, cng c li cc kin thc c gio vin truyn t trong bi ging tng ng. s dng
hiu qu, Bn cn hc trc bi ging Cc phng php gii ton c trng ca ha hu c (Phn 3) sau lm
y cc bi tp trong ti liu ny.

Dng 1: Phng php bo ton nguyn t

Cu 1: t chy mt hn hp hirocacbon X thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. Th tch O2
tham gia phn ng chy (ktc) l
A. 2,80 lt.
B. 3,92 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,60 lt.
Cu 2: t chy hon ton mt th tch kh thin nhin gm metan, etan, propan bng oxi khng kh (oxi
chim 20% th tch), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 9,9 gam H2O. Th tch khng kh (ktc) cn dng
t chy hon ton lng kh thin nhin trn l
A. 70 lt.
B. 78,4 lt.
C. 84 lt.
D. 56 lt.
Cu 3: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp eten, propen, but-2-en cn dng va b lt oxi ( ktc) thu
c 2,4 mol CO2 v 2,4 mol nc. Gi tr ca b l
A. 92,4 lt.
B. 94,2 lt.
C. 80,64 lt.
D. 24,9 lt.
Cu 4: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol CxHy thu c 20,16 lt CO2 (ktc) v 10,8 gam H2O (lng). Cng
thc ca CxHy l
A. C7H8.
B. C8H10.
C. C10H14.
D. C9H12.
Cu 5: t chy hon ton mt th tch kh thin nhin gm metan, etan, propan bng oxi khng kh
(trong khng kh, oxi chim 20% th tch), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 9,9 gam nc. Th tch
khng kh ( ktc) nh nht cn dng t chy hon ton lng kh thin nhin trn l
A. 70,0 lt.
B. 78,4 lt.
C. 84,0 lt.
D. 56,0 lt.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2007)
Cu 6: Khi t 1 lt kh X cn 6 lt O2 thu c 4 lt CO2 v 5 lt hi H2O (cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit , p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H10O.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C4H10O2.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 7: t 0,15 mol mt hp cht hu c thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Mt khc t 1
th tch hi cht cn 2,5 th tch O2. Cc th tch o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Cng thc phn
t ca hp cht l
A. C2H6O2.
B. C2H6O.
C. C2H4O2.
D. C2H4O.
Cu 8: t chy hon ton 0,5 lt hn hp gm CO2 v mt hirocacbon bng 2,5 lt O2 thu c 3,4 lt
kh. Hn hp ny sau khi ngng t ht hi nc cn 1,8 lt, tip tc cho hn hp kh cn li qua dung dch
kim d th cn li 0,5 lt kh. Cc th tch c o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Cng thc phn t
ca hirocacbon l
A. C4H10.
B. C3H8.
C. C4H8.
D. C3H6.
Cu 9: t chy 200 ml hi mt hp cht hu c X cha C, H, O trong 900 ml O2, th tch hn hp kh
thu c l 1,3 lt. Sau khi ngng t hi nc ch cn 700 ml. Tip theo cho qua dung dch KOH d ch
cn 100 ml kh bay ra. Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H6O.
B. C3H8O2.
C. C3H8O.
D. C3H6O2.
Cu 10:
0
khng
A. C2H6.

B. C2H4.

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C. CH4.

D. C2H2.

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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

Cu 11: Mt hp cht hu c Y khi t chy thu c CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau v lng oxi cn
dng bng 4 ln s mol ca Y. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C2H6O.
B. C4H8O.
C. C3H6O.
D. C3H6O2.
Cu 12: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c n chc X thu c sn phm chy ch gm CO2 v
H2O vi t l khi lng tng ng l 44: 27. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6.
B. C2H6O.
C. C2H6O2.
D. C2H4O.
Cu 13:
u kin
m CO2 : m H2 O
44 : 9
nhit v p su
2
2
A
A. C4H6O.
B. C8H8O.
C. C8H8.
D. C2H2.
Cu 14: Cho 400 ml mt hn hp gm nit v mt hirocacbon vo 900 ml oxi (d) ri t. Th tch hn
hp thu c sau khi t l 1,4 lt. Sau khi cho nc ngng t cn 800 ml hn hp, ngi ta cho li qua
dung dch KOH thy cn 400 ml kh. Cc th tch kh u o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Cng thc
phn t ca cht hu c l
A. C3H8.
B. C2H4.
C. C2H2.
D. C2H6.
Cu 15: t chy 1 lt hi hirocacbon vi mt th tch khng kh (lng d). Hn hp kh thu c sau
khi hi H2O ngng t c th tch l 18,5 lt, cho qua dung dch KOH d cn 16,5 lt, cho hn hp kh i
qua ng ng photpho d th cn li 16 lt. Bit cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut v O2
chim 1/5 khng kh, cn li l N2. Cng thc phn t ca hirocacbon l
A. C2H6.
B. C2H4.
C. C3H8.
D. C2H2.
Cu 16: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X (C, H, N) bng lng khng kh va (gm 1/5 th
tch O2, cn li l N2) c kh CO2 , H2O v N2. Cho ton b sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch
Ba(OH)2 d thy c 39,4 gam kt ta, khi lng dung dch gim i 24,3 gam. Kh thot ra khi bnh c
th tch 34,72 lt (ktc). Bit d X O 2 < 2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H7N.
B. C2H8N.
C. C2H7N2.
D. C2H4N2.
Cu 17: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht X cn 6,16 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 13,44 lt (ktc) hn hp
CO2, N2 v hi nc. Sau khi ngng t ht hi nc, cn li 5,6 lt kh (ktc) c t khi so vi hiro l
20,4. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H7O2N.
B. C3H7O2N.
C. C3H9O2N.
D. C4H9N.
Cu 18: t chy hon ton 0,12 mol cht hu c X mch h cn dng 10,08 lt kh O2 (ktc). Dn ton
b sn phm chy (gm CO2, H2O v N2) qua bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thy khi lng bnh tng
23,4 gam v c 70,92 gam kt ta. Kh thot ra khi bnh c th tch 1,344 lt (ktc). Cng thc phn t
ca X l
A. C2H5O2N.
B. C3H5O2N.
C. C3H7O2N.
D. C2H7O2N.
Cu 19: t chy hon ton 0,01 mol cht hu c X cn va 0,616 lt O2. Sau th nghim thu c hn
hp sn phm Y gm: CO2, N2 v hi H2O. Lm lnh ngng t hi H2O ch cn 0,56 lt hn hp kh Z
(c t khi hi vi H2 l 20,4). Bit th tch cc kh u o ktc. Cng thc phn t X l
A. C2H5ON.
B. C2H5O2N.
C. C2H7O2N.
D. A hoc C.
Cu 20: X l mt ancol no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc
v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H4(OH)2.
B. C3H7OH.
C. C3H6(OH)2.
D. C3H5(OH)3.
Cu 21: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol n chc cng dy ng ng cn dng va V
lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 10,08 lt CO2 (ktc) v 12,6 gam H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 17,92 lt.
B. 4,48 lt.
C. 15,12 lt.
D. 25,76 lt.
Cu 22: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc cn va V lt O2 ( ktc), thu c
0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 8,96 lt.
B. 11,2 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 23: Khi t 1 lt kh X cn 6 lt O2 thu c 4 lt CO2 v 5 lt hi H2O (cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit , p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H10O.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C4H10O2.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 24:
, ancol

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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

A.
.
B.
.
C.
.
D.
.
Cu 25: X l mt ancol no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc
v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H5(OH)3.
B. C3H6(OH)2.
C. C2H4(OH)2.
D. C3H7OH.
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit fomic v axit oxalic. Khi cho m gam X tc dng vi NaHCO3
(d) th thu c 15,68 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam X cn 8,96 lt kh O2
(ktc), thu c 35,2 gam CO2 v y mol H2O. Gi tr ca y l
A. 0,6.
B. 0,8.
C. 0,2.
D. 0,3.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011)
Cu 27: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng
ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt
O2 (ktc), thu c 4,84 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1,62.
B. 1,80.
C. 3,60.
D. 1,44.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2012)
Cu 28: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X l mui natri ca mt axit hu c n chc no, mch
h thu c 0,15 mol kh CO2, hi nc v Na2CO3. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5COONa.
B. HCOONa.
C. C3H7COONa.
D. CH3COONa.
Cu 29: Mt hn hp Y gm CH3OH, CH3COOH, C6H5OH tc dng va vi Na sinh ra 672 ml kh
(ktc) v hn hp rn X. Nu t chy ht Y thu c 4,032 lt kh CO2(ktc). Nu t chy ht X th s
mol CO2 to ra l
A. 0,16.
B. 0,18.
C. 0,12.
D. 0,15.
Cu 30: Hn hp X gm 0,01 mol HCOONa v a mol mui natri ca hai axit no n chc mch h l
ng ng lin tip. t chy hn hp X v cho sn phm chy (CO2, hi nc) ln lt qua bnh 1 ng
H2SO4 c bnh 2 ng KOH thy khi lng bnh 2 tng nhiu hn bnh mt l 3,51 gam. Phn cht rn
Y cn li sau khi t l Na2CO3 cn nng 2,65 gam. Cng thc phn t ca hai mui natri l
A. C2H5COONa v C3H7COONa.
B. C3H7COONa v C4H9COONa.
C. CH3COONa v C2H5COONa.
D. CH3COONa v C3H7COONa.
Dng 2: Phng php bo ton khi lng
Cu 1: t chy hon ton 1,605 gam hp cht hu c A thu c 4,62 gam CO2 ; 1,215 gam H2O v 168
ml N2 (ktc). T khi hi ca A so vi khng kh khng vt qu 4. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C5H5N.
B. C6H9N.
C. C7H9N.
D. C6H7N.
Cu 2: Oxi ha hon ton 6,15 gam hp cht hu c X thu c 2,25 gam H2O ; 6,72 lt CO2 v 0,56 lt
N2 (kc). Phn trm khi lng ca C, H, N v O trong X ln lt l
A. 58,5%; 4,1%; 11,4% ; 26%.
B. 48,9%; 15,8%; 35,3%; 0%.
C. 49,5%; 9,8%; 15,5%; 25,2%.
D. 59,1 %; 17,4%; 23,5%; 0%.
Cu 3: t chy hon ton 5,8 gam mt hp cht hu c n chc X cn 8,96 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c
CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau. Cng thc n gin nhtca X l
A. C2H4O.
B. C3H6O.
C. C4H8O.
D. C5H10O.
Cu 4: t chy hon ton 3 gam hp cht hu c X thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam H2O. Bit t khi
ca X so vi He (MHe = 4) l 7,5. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. CH2O2.
B. C2H6.
C. C2H4O.
D. CH2O.
Cu 5: Phn tch 1,47 gam cht hu c Y (C, H, O) bng CuO th thu c 2,156 gam CO2 v lng CuO
gim 1,568 gam. Cng thc n gin nhtca Y l
A. CH3O.
B. CH2O.
C. C2H3O.
D. C2H3O2.
Cu 6: t chy hon ton 0,6 gam hp cht hu c X ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d thy c 2 gam kt ta v khi lng bnh tng thm 1,24 gam. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng
15. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O.
B. CH2O.
C. C2H4O.
D. CH2O2.
Cu 7: t chy hon ton 1,88 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O) cn 1,904 lt O2 (ktc) thu c CO2
v hi nc theo t l th tch 4:3. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C8H12O5 .
B. C4H8O2.
C. C8H12O3 .
D. C4H6O2.
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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

Cu 8: t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 5,28 gam CO2 v 2,7 gam H2O.
Cng thc phn t ca A v s ng phn tng ng l
A. C3H8O c 4 ng phn.
B. C2H5OH c 2 ng phn.
C. C2H4(OH)2 khng c ng phn.
D. C4H10O c 7 ng phn.
Cu 9: Phn tch 0,31 gam hp cht hu c X ch cha C, H, N to thnh 0,44 gam CO2. Mt khc, nu
phn tch 0,31 gam X ton b N trong X chuyn thnh NH3 ri dn NH3 va to thnh vo 100 ml dung
dch H2SO4 0,4M th phn axit d c trung ha bi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 1,4M. Bit 1 lt hi cht X
(ktc) nng 1,38 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. CH5N.
B. C2H5N2.
C. C2H5N.
D. CH6N.
Cu 10: Phn tch 1,5 gam cht hu c X thu c 1,76 gam CO2; 0,9 gam H2O v 112 ml N2 o 0oC v
2 atm. Nu ha hi cng 1,5 gam cht Z 127o C v 1,64 atm ngi ta thu c 0,4 lt kh cht Z. Cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5ON.
B. C6H5ON2.
C. C2H5O2N.
D. C2H6O2N.
Cu 11: t chy 0,282 gam hp cht hu c X, cho sn phm i qua cc bnh ng CaCl2 khan v KOH
d. Thy bnh ng CaCl2 tng thm 0,194 gam cn bnh ng KOH tng thm 0,8 gam. Mt khc nu t
chy 0,186 gam cht X th thu c 22,4 ml kh N2 ( ktc). Bit rng hp cht X ch cha mt nguyn t
nit. Cng thc phn t ca hp cht X l
A. C6H6N2.
B. C6H7N.
C. C6H9N.
D. C5H7N.
Cu 12: t chy hon ton 1,18 gam cht Y (CxHyN) bng mt lng khng kh va . Dn ton b hn
hp kh sau phn ng vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 6 gam kt ta v c 9,632 lt kh
(ktc) duy nht thot ra khi bnh. Bit khng kh cha 20% oxi v 80% nit v th tch. Cng thc phn
t ca Y l
A. C2H7N.
B. C3H9N.
C. C4H11N.
D. C4H9N.
Cu 13: Oxi ha hon ton 4,02 gam mt hp cht hu c X ch thu c 3,18 gam Na2CO3 v 0,672 lt
kh CO2. Cng thc n gin nht ca X l
A. CO2Na.
B. CO2Na2.
C. C3O2Na.
D. C2O2Na.
Cu 14: t chy hon ton 5,80 gam cht X thu c 2,65 gam Na2CO3 ; 2,26 gam H2O v 12,10 gam
CO2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C6H5O2Na.
B. C6H5ONa.
C. C7H7O2Na.
D. C7H7ONa.
Cu 15: t chy hon ton hp cht hu c cha C, H, Cl sinh ra 0,22 gam CO2, 0,09 gam H2O. Mt
khc khi xc nh clo trong hp cht bng dung dch AgNO3 ngi ta thu c 1,435 gam AgCl. T
khi hi ca hp cht so vi hiro bng 42,5. Cng thc phn t ca hp cht l
A. CH3Cl.
B. C2H5Cl.
C. CH2Cl2.
D. C2H4Cl2.
Cu 16: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm CH4, C3H6 v C4H10 thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 2,52
gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,48 gam.
B. 2,48 gam.
C. 6,92 gam.
D. 1,34 gam.
Cu 17: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp Y gm C2H6, C3H4 v C4H8 th thu c 12,98 gam CO2 v
5,76 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,86 gam .
B. 3,54 gam.
C. 4,18 gam.
D. 18,74 gam.
Cu 18: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp X gm propan, but-2-en, axetilen thu c 47,96 gam CO2 v
21,42 gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 15,46 gam.
B. 12,46 gam.
C. 14,27 gam.
D. 20,15 gam.
Cu 19: t chy ht m gam 2 ng ng ca benzen A, B thu c 4,05 gam H2O v 7,728 lt CO2
(ktc). Gi tr ca m v s tng s mol ca A, B l
A. 4,59 v 0,04.
B. 9,18 v 0,08.
C. 4,59 v 0,08.
D. 9,14 v 0,04.
Cu 20: t chy ht 9,18 gam 2 ng ng ca benzen A, B thu c 8,1 gam H2O v V lt CO2 (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 15,654.
B. 15,465.
C. 15,546.
D. 15,456.
Cu 21: Cracking m gam n-butan thu c hp A gm H2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, C4H8 v mt phn
butan cha b cracking. t chy hon ton A thu c 9 gam H2O v 17,6 gam CO2. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,8.
B. 11,6.
C. 2,6.
D. 23,2.
Cu 22: t chy m gam hn hp C2H6, C3H4, C3H8, C4H10 c 35,2 gam CO2 v 21,6 gam H2O. Gi tr
ca m l
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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

A. 14,4.
B. 10,8.
C. 12.
D. 56,8.
Cu 23: t chy hon ton 4,38 gam mt axit E no, mch thng thu c 4,032 lt CO2 (kc) v 2,7 gam
H2O. Cng thc cu to ca E l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C17H35COOH.
C. HOOC(CH2)4COOH.
D. CH2=C(CH3)COOH.
Cu 24: t chy hon ton 0,44 gam mt axit hu c, sn phm chy cho hp th hon ton vo bnh 1
ng P2O5, bnh 2 ng dung dch KOH. Sau th nghim thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 0,36 gam v bnh 2
tng 0,88 gam. Cng thc phn t ca axit cho l
A. C4H8O2.
B. C5H10O2.
C. C2H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.
Cu 25: un nng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp gm cc ete.
Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete em t chy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 7,2 gam
H2O. Hai ancol l
A. C2H5OH v CH2=CHCH2OH.
B. C2H5OH v CH3OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
D. CH3OH v CH2=CHCH2OH.
Cu 26:
- 30,8 gam CO2
18 gam
H2
A. 30,4 gam.
B. 16 gam.
C. 15,2 gam.
D. 7,6 gam.
Cu 27: t chy hon ton 5,8 gam ancol n chc X thu c 13,2 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam H2O. X l:
A. C4H7OH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H5OH.
D. C2H3OH.
Cu 28: t chy ht 2,295 gam 2 ng ng ca benzen A, B thu c 2,025 gam H2O v CO2. Dn ton
b lng CO2 vo 250 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c m gam mui. Gi tr ca m v thnh phn ca
mui l
A. 16,195 (2 mui).
B. 16,195 (Na2CO3).
C. 7,98 (NaHCO3)
D. 10,6 (Na2CO3).
Cu 29: Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt kh CO2
( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l
V
V
V
V
A. m a
B. m 2a
C. m 2a
D. m a
5,6 .
22,4 .
11, 2 .
5,6 .
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2009)
Cu 30: t chy hon ton x gam hn hp gm hai axit cacboxylic hai chc, mch h v u c mt lin
kt i C=C trong phn t, thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc) v y mol H2O. Biu thc lin h gia cc gi tr
x, y v V l
28
28
A. V
B. V
x 30y .
x 30y .
55
55
28
28
C. V
D. V
x 62y .
x 62y .
95
95
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011)
Cu 31: t chy hon ton 2,76 gam hn hp X gm CxHyCOOH, CxHyCOOCH3, CH3OH thu c
2,688 lt CO2 (ktc) v 1,8 gam H2O. Mt khc cho 2,76 gam X phn ng va vi 30 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M thu c 0,96 gam CH3OH. Cng thc ca CxHy COOH l
A. C3H5COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. C2H3COOH.
D. CH3COOH.
Cu 32: Mt hn hp X gm CH3OH; CH2=CH-CH2OH; CH3CH2OH; C3H5(OH)3. Cho 25,4 gam hn
hp X tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,6 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, em t chy hon ton 25,4 gam hn hp
X thu c a mol CO2 v 27 gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. ,25.
B. .
C. ,4.
D. ,2.
Dng 3: Phng php Trung bnh
Cu 1:

4
.
A. C2H4, C3H6.
c
A. 15%, 35%.

B. C3H6, C4H10.
C. C4H8, C5H10.
n h
B. 20%, 30% .
C. 25%, 25% .

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D. C5H10, C6H12.
D. 40%, 10%.

Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

Cu 2:

A. C2H4, C3H6.
Cu 3:

64 gam Br2. Cng thc phn t

B. C3H6, C4H8.
C. C4H10, C5H12.

D. C5H10, C6H12.

A. CH4, C2H6.
B. C2H6, C3H8.
C. C3H8, C4H10.
D. C4H10, C5H12.
Cu 4: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1
mol X, tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l
A. 18,6 gam.
B. 18,96 gam.
C. 19,32 gam.
D. 20,4 gam.
Cu 5: Cho 1,06 gam mt hn hp hai ankanol A, B lin tip trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Na d, thu
c 0,01 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca A v B l
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
Cu 6: A v B l hai ru n chc c cng s C trong A l ru no, B l ru khng no c mt ni
i. Hn hp X gm 3 gam A v 2,9 gam B. Cho hn hp X tc dng vi Na d sinh ra 0,05 mol H2.Cng
thc phn t ca A v B ln lt l
A. C2H6O v C2H4O.
B. C3H8O v C3H6O.
C. C4H10O v C4H8O.
D. C5H12O v C5H10O .
Cu 7: Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu c
hn hp Z gm hai ancol X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton b sn
phm chy vo 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng
0,05M. Coi th tch ca dung dch thay i khng ng k. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
Cu 8: t chy hon ton V lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm hai hirocacbon thuc cng dy ng ng c
n CO2 10
khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28 vC, thu c
. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon
n H2O 13
ln lt l
A. CH4 v C3H8.
B. C2H6 v C4H10.
C. C3H8 v C5H12.
D. C4H10 v C6H14.
Cu 9: t chy hon ton 0,896 lt hn hp kh X (ktc) gm hai hirocacbon A, B thu c 1,12 lt CO2
(ktc) v 1,26 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca A, B l
A. C2H4; C2H4.
B. CH4; C2H4.
C. CH4, C2H6.
D. CH4; C2H2.
Cu 10: Oxi ho hon ton 4,4 gam hn hp cha cng s mol ca hai ancol n chc cn dng ht 8 gam
CuO. Cho ton b lng anehit thu c phn ng vi AgNO3 d/NH3 thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Cng thc
cu to ca hai ancol ban u l
A. C2H5OH v CH3OH.
B. CH3OH v CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2OH.
D. CH3OH v CHC-CH2OH.
Cu 11: Cho m gam hn hp gm hai cht X v Y u thuc dy ng ng ca axit metacrylic tc dng
vi 300 ml dung dch Na2CO3 0,5M. Thm tip vo dung dch HCl 1M cho n khi kh CO2 ngng
thot ra th thy tiu tn ht 100 ml. Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam hn hp A ri dn sn phm
chy qua bnh I cha dung dch H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh II cha dung dch NaOH c th thy tng
khi lng ca bnh II nhiu hn bnh I l 20,5 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 12,15 gam.
B. 15,1 gam.
C. 15,5 gam.
D. 12,05 gam.
Cu 12: Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm hai hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 lt dung
dch Br2 0,5M. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na v khi lng bnh tng thm 6,7
gam. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l
A. C3H4 v C4H8.
B. C2H2 v C3H8.
C. C2H2 v C4H8.
D. C2H2 v C4H6.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2007)
Cu 13: T khi hi ca hn hp X (gm hai hirocacbon mch h) so vi H2 l 11,25. Dn 1,792 lt X
(ktc) i tht chm qua bnh ng dung dch brom d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thy khi lng
bnh tng 0,84 gam. X phi cha hirocacbon no di y
A. Propin.
B. Propan.
C. Propen.
D. Propaien.
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Kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ha hc (Thy V Khc Ngc)

Cc pp gii ton c trng ca ha hu c

Cu 14: t chy hon ton hn hp kh X gm 2 hirocacbon A v B l ng ng k tip thu c 96,8

gam CO2 v 57,6 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca A v B l
A. CH4 v C2H6.
B. C2H6 v C3H8.
C. C3H8 v C4H10.
D. C4H10 v C5H12.
Cu 15: t chy hon ton hn hp hai hirocacbon ng ng c khi lng phn t hn km nhau 28
vC, ta thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2
a 2 hirocacbon trn l
A. C2H4 v C4H8.
B. C2H2 v C4H6.
C. C3H4 v C5H8.
D. CH4 v C3H8.
Cu 16: Khi t chy hon ton hn hp 2 ankan l ng ng k tip thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v
9,0 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2 ankan l
A. CH4 v C2H6.
B. C2H6 v C3H8.
C. C3H8 v C4H10.
D. C4H10 v C5H12.
Cu 17: Hn hp kh X gm 2 hirocacbon A v B l ng ng k tip. t chy X vi 64 gam O2 (d)
ri dn sn phm thu c qua bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d thu c 100 gam kt ta. Kh ra khi bnh c th
tch 11,2 lt 0oC v 0,4 atm. Cng thc phn t ca A v B l
A. CH4 v C2H6.
B. C2H6 v C3H8.
C. C3H8 v C4H10.
D. C4H10 v C5H12
Cu 18: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 ancol no n chc X, Y l ng ng lin tip thu c
11,2 lt CO2 cng vi lng hn hp trn cho phn ng vi Na d th thu c 2,24 lt H2 ( ktc). Cng
thc phn t ca 2 ancol trn l
A. C2H5OH; C3H7OH.
B. CH3OH; C3H7OH.
C. C4H9OH; C3H7OH.
D. C2H5OH; CH3OH.
Cu 19: Hiro ho hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 1) gam hn hp hai ancol. Mt khc, khi t chy hon ton cng m
gam X th cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,5.
B. 8,8.
C. 24,8.
D. 17,8.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2009)
Cu 20: Hiro ho hon ton hn hp M gm hai anehit X v Y no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng (MX < My), thu c hn hp hai ancol c khi lng ln hn khi lng M l 1
gam. t chy hon ton M thu c 30,8 gam CO2. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X ln lt l
A. HCHO v 50,56%.
B. CH3CHO v 67,16%.
C. CH3CHO v 49,44%.
D. HCHO v 32,44%.

Gio vin: V Khc Ngc

Ngun:

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Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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