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(i)

Complete the following sentences about our universe, filling in the


spaces with the correct words.

Our solar system is made up of a called the which


is

orbited by a number of . Some of these have

orbiting them, including the Earth. There are billions of


in our galaxy which is called the.. The universe
itself is made up of billions of . .
(8)

(ii)

S-waves and P-waves are two different types of wave that travel through
the Earth following an earthquake.

An S-wave is a transverse wave and a P-wave is a longitudinal wave.


Explain the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal
wave.
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(2)
(Total 10 Marks)
Q (2)
(a) The diagrams show the line spectra from a nearby galaxy and a distant
galaxy.

n e a rb y g a la x y

d is ta n t g a la x y

400

(i)

500
600
W a v e le n g th in n m

700

Indicate on the diagram which end of the spectrum is red.


(1)

(ii) What does the shift of the line spectra for the distant galaxy
suggest about its motion relative to the nearby galaxy?
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(2)

(iii) Explain how this shift supports the Big Bang theory of the
Universe.
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(2)
(b) The graph shows two ways in which the size of the Universe might
change over time.

(i)
S iz e o f th e
U n iv e rs e
(ii)

0
B ig
B ang

T im e

Explain the significance of curves (i) and (ii) and the different
predictions they make about the future of the Universe.
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(3)

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