Warm Up

For each triangle below, label the given sides

with A, O or H. Set up an equation using the
appropriate trigonometric ratio. Then, find x to
the nearest hundredth.
1)
2)

42

63

For each of the following triangles, set up, but

do not solve an equation using a trigonometric
ratio.

1)
78

12

2)

49
7

3)

x
9
51

4)
58
x

5)

x
40

14

6)
28

Angle of Depression
When a 757 passenger jet begins its descent to
JFK airport, its altitude is 3900 feet. Its angle of
depression is 6.
1) What is the planes ground distance to the
airport?
2) How far must the plane fly to reach the
runway?
6

(Draw pictures!)
1. A boy flying a kite lets out 300 feet of string which
makes an angle of elevation of 38 with the ground.
Assuming
that the string is straight, and the boy is holding the
string of the kite 2 feet above the ground, how high
above the ground is the kite?

2. A ladder leaning against the wall makes an angle

of 74 with the ground. If the foot of the ladder is 6.5
feet from the wall, how high on the wall is the ladder?

Are angles always measured in

degrees?
1. We draw a circle of

radius 1 unit with

starting point A, drawing
counterclockwise.
2. How many degrees
around is the circle?
3. What do we call the
distance around the
circle? What is the
formula?

Radians
Def: One radian is the measure of the

central angle whose intercepted arc length is

equal to the radius.

How many radians are in a circle?

How do radians compare with

degrees?

Examples

Use
a proportion to convert 60 into radians.

Use a proportion to convert radians into

degrees.

The Unit Circle in Degrees

and Radians

Def: An angle is in standard position in the

unit circle if its vertex is at the ___________ and
its initial side is on the positive side of the
______________.

Def: Two angles in standard position are

coterminal if they share a terminal side.
Ex. 60 and -300 are coterminal.
To find coterminal angles,
we add or subtract ______
or _______.

Trigonometric Ratios in a Right

Triangle

Trigonometric Ratios in a Circle

Try this!
Write all 6
trigonometric
ratios in terms of
x, y andy r.
(x,y)
r

Trigonometric Ratios in a Circle

Function
AbbreviationDefinition
Sine of
= sin = y/r
Cosine of
= cos = x/r
Tangent of = tan = y/x
Cotangent of = cot = x/y
Secant of
= sec = r/x
Cosecant of
= csc = r/y

y
(x,y)
r

Challenge! Work
together.

If given x = 3 and y = 1, find r.

y
(x,y)
r

Revisiting Pythagorean Theorem:

x 2 + y2 = r2
OR (solved for r):

These are used to find the values of trig

ratios: x/r, y/r, y/x, etc

Example
If (2, 4) is a point on the terminal side of angle

A, find the values of sinA, cosA and tanA.

Specific to the Unit

Circle
y
(x,y)
r

When r = 1, how
are the 6
trigonometric
ratios defined?

Trigonometric Ratios in the Unit Circle

Consider point P(x,y) on the unit circle
cos = ______
sin = ______

(x, y ) can be written as: (__________,

__________)

Trigonometric Ratios
in the Unit Circle (r = 1)

Function
Sine of
Cosine of

Abbreviation

Definition

= sin =
y

= cos =

(x,y)

Tangent of = tan =

Cotangent of = cot =

Secant of
Cosecant of

= sec =
= csc =

How do these ratios relate to each other?