Thc phm chc nng

TS. Lm Quc Hng

Cc An ton v sinh thc phm

Ni dung trnh by:

I. Di cng v n ung v nhu
cu n
II. Thc phm thc phm chc
nng
III. Cng b tiu chun sn phm
v cp chng nhn c s
iu kin VSATTP

I. Vai tr n ung
Nhu cu hng ngy, bc thit
n chng cm gic i
n gn lin vi sc khe.

n cn em li nim thch
th

n gn lin vi pht trin

Nhu cu n ca Mt i ngi
10 tn go, bt.
25 tn rau, c, qu, tht, c, trng,
ng, sa ...
70 100 m3 nc

Nhu cu dinh dng

L lng thc n cn thit duy tr s sng v

pht trin ca tng c th.

Nhng cht cn thit

+ Cht sinh nng lng: Gluxit, Protit, Lipit
+ Vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, C, K, E, A, D, PP,
folic.
+ Cc cht khong:
- Cht a lng: St, canxi, P, Iode, Na
- Vi lng: Fluor, Zn, Mg, Cu, Cr, Se, Co, molipden
+ Nc n ung

II. Thc phm chc nng

1. Mt s Khi nim
Thc phm: Sn phm con ngi n,
ung dng ti, sng hoc qua ch bin,
bo qu.
Thc phm nguy c cao: C nhiu kh
nng b cc tc nhn sinh hc, ho hc, l
hc xm nhp gy nh hng n sc kho
ca ngi tiu dng.
Thc phm chc nng?

Thc phm chc nng Functional Food

Thc phm b sung dinh dng Dietary
Suplement Nutraceutical Food (Health Food);
Food for Special Health User
Hin nay cha c mt nh ngha thng nht,
nhng c s dng rt rng ri nhiu nc trn
th gii.

Chu u, M, Nht:
Nht
2 chc nng truyn thng: Cung cp cc
cht dinh dng; tho mn nhu cu cm quan
Chc nng th 3: Gim cholesterol, gim
huyt p, chng to bn, ci thin h vi
khun ng rut
c chng minh khoa hc

Hip Hi TP sc kho v dinh dng - B Y t Nht

Bn:
B sung mt s thnh phn c li hoc loi b
mt s thnh phn bt li.
Phi c chng minh mt cch khoa hc v c
B Y t cho php xc nh hiu qu ca TP i
vi sc kho.
Vin Y hc thuc vin Hn lm Khoa hc M:
Mang n li ch cho sc kho, l bt c TP
no c thay i qua ch bin hoc c cc
thnh phn c li cho sc kho ngoi thnh phn
dinh dng truyn thng.

Australia:
C tc dng vi sc kho hn l cc cht dinh d
ng.
Gn ging nh cc TP truyn thng nhng c
ch bin cho mc ch n king hoc tng
cng cc cht dinh dng nng cao vai tr
sinh l ca chng.
TP c ch bin, sn xut theo cng thc, ch
khng phi l cc thc phm c sn trong t
nhin.
Hip Hi nghin cu thc phm Leatherhead
(chu u):
- Cc yu t chc nng u c th b
sung vo TP hay nc ung.
- c ch bin t thc n thin nhin, c

Rober Froid M.: Ti Hi ngh quc t ln th 17

v dinh dng (27-31/8/2001) ti Vin (o) trong
BC Thc phm chc nng: Mt thch thc cho t
ng lai ca th k 21
Mt loi thc phm c coi l thc phm
chc nng khi chng minh c rng n tc dng
c li i vi mt hoc nhiu chc phn ca c
th ngoi cc tc dng dinh dng, to cho c th
tnh trng thoi mi, kho khon v gim bt
nguy c bnh tt.
B Y t: Thng th s 08/TT-BYT ngy 23/8/2004
Hng dn vic qun l cc sn phm thc phm
chc nng nh ngha:
Thc phm chc nng l thc phm dng
h tr chc nng ca cc b phn trong c
th ngi, c tc dng dinh dng, to cho c th

2. Thc phm chc nng, thc phm v thuc

FunctionalFood
Food
Functional
Dietarysuplement
suplementNutraceutical
Nutraceutical
Dietary

Drug

Food

No
No claim
claim

Health
Health
claim
claim

Drug
Drug claim
claim

 Thc phm chc nng nm gii hn gia thc

phm (Food) v thuc (Drug).
Thc phm chc nng thuc khong giao
thoa (cn gi l vng xm) gia thc phm v
thuc cn gi l thc phm - thuc (FoodDrug).
Nhng thc phm chc nng (Functional
Food) khc vi thc phm truyn thng (Food)
v khc vi thuc

Thc phm v thc phm chc nng

1) SX, CB theo cng thc: b sung mt s
thnh phn c li hoc loi bt mt s thnh
phn bt li ( king); c chng minh
khoa hc v c c quan nh nc c thm
quyn cho php (theo tiu chun).
C tc dng vi sc kho nhiu hn (Vi mt
hay mt s chc nng sinh l ca c th)
hn l cc cht dinh dng thng thng (t
to ra nng lng (calorie) nh cc loi thc
phm truyn thng
Liu s dng thng nh: miligram, gram
i tng s dng c ch nh r rt nh ngi
gi, tr em, ph n tui mn kinh, ngi c

Thc phm chc

nng
- Nhn sn phm l thc
phm, m bo CL
VSAT, sc kho, ph hp
vi cc quy nh v
thc phm
- C th s dng thng
xuyn, lu di
- S dng khng cn
khm bnh, k n ca
thy thuc

V d: Tr bc h

Thuc
-Nhn
ghi
sn
phm thuc, c
tc
dng
cha
bnh,
phng
bnh
vi
cng
dng, ch nh,
liu dng, chng
ch nh.
- S dng cn c
khm
bnh,
k
n
ca
thy
thuc

- Ghi nhn: Nc ung gii nhit th l Thc

phm chc nng
- Ghi trn nhn: Ch nh iu tr ri lon d
dy th l Thuc

3. iu kin l thc phm chc nng (TT s 08)

A. i vi thc phm b sung vi cht dinh dng
Lung vi cht a vo c th hng ngy theo hng dn
ghi trn nhn c t nht 1 vitamin hoc cht khong
thp hn 3 ln gi tr ca Bng khuyn ngh nhu
cu dinh dng RNI 2002 (Recommended Nutrient
Intakes)
Nu cao hn th phi c Giy chng nhn tnh an
ton ca sn phm v ghi r trn nhn hoc nhn ph
mc p ng RNI.
B. Loi thc phm chc nng c cha hot cht sinh
hc:
Bo co th nghim lm sng v tc dng ca sn
phm.

C. Ni dung ghi nhn ca thc phm chc

nng
1. Hng dn s dng ghi r: Tn nhm sn phm, i t
ng dng, cng dng, liu, chng ch nh, cc lu ,
tc dng ph.
2. Loi cha hot tnh sinh hc ghi r Thc phm ny
khng phi l thuc, khng c tc dng thay th thuc
cha bnh .
3. Cm ghi: Ch nh iu tr bnh; sn phm thay
th thuc.

D. Cc ATVSTP ch tr v phi hp vi Cc qun l

Dc v V Y hc c truyn phn loi v thng
nht qun l.
1. Sn phm c cha vitanmin v mui khong cha c

4. Phn loi thc phm chc nng: (7

nhm)
a.

Nhm TPCN
khong cht

sung

vitamin

VD: Sa bt b sung acid Folic, vitamin,

khong cht
b. Nhm TPCN dng vin: Vin C si, vin
Glucosamin, vin chng long xng, chng
cao HA
c. Nhm Khng bo, Khng ng
VD: Nhm tr tho dc
d. Nhm cc loi nc gii kht, tng lc

e. Nhm giu cht x tiu ho (Polychacaride):

Nc x, Vin x, Ko x nhun trng chng K
i trng (Nhu cu 17,9g/ngy, thi phn
>132g/ngy).
f. Nhm cht tng cng chc nng ng rut:
X tiu ho sinh hc (Probiotics)
X tin sinh hc (Prebiotics)
Kt hp (Synbiotics)
Ci thin h VK cng sinh rut gi
(Lactobacillus Casein, Bifidobacteria) kch
thch min dch IgE, kh nng phn bo...
g. Nhm c chc nng c bit: Thc n cho ng

Cc Dng sn phm tp chc nng

1.Dng lng ng chai, lon: Lipovital, b hc,
lione...
2.Cao ming: Cao Trn, Kh, Gu, Nga Bch
3.Bt: Hng chanh, hng cam, bt m cc,
bt dinh dng cao nng lng.
4.Ti lc: Ch sm, ch vng, tr gng...
5.Vin nn: Vin vitamin cc loi.
6.Vin nang: Garlic 25, du gc, vin nang
malve
7.Cm: Can xi...
8.Vin si: Vin si c b xung Vitamin C hng
cam, hng chanh, hng kem tri cy thp cm...

Mt s cht c vai tr trong tphm chc nng

1.Taurine:
- L Aminoacid, c th c th tng hp c.
- Cha Sunfua v c tc dng chng oxy ho.
- C trong no, vng mc mt, c tim, xng,
c
trn.
- Trong mt s loi thc phm nh tht, trng,
hi sn v ung t sa (thc phm ngun gc
ng
Quy vt).
nh ca c v gii hn trong thc phm
TT

Tn thc phm

Liu ti
a/ngy

B sung cho vn ng
vin

Mg

60

Mg

2.000

ung Cafein

Hm lng Taurine trong mt s nc ung tng

lc, nc ung b dng ti Vit Nam
TT

Tn sn phm

Lng b sung ti
a/ngy

Nc tng lc Samurai

600mg/l

Nc tng lc Superhorse

Nc tng lc Lipovital

3200 - 4800mg/l (800 1200mg/250ml)

Nc tng lc Redbull

4000 600mg/l

Nc tng lc Lione

9,8 0,2mg/l

Nc tng lc Rhino

3950 - 4050mg/l

Nc tng lc Dona

3000mg/l (600mg/200ml)

Nc ung b dng Bachus F

3920mg/l (980mg/250ml)

8000mg 160mg/l
(200mg 40mg/250ml)

2.Carotenoid:
Cng -tocopherol, Vit C, Glutathion v Selen coi l
cht chng oxy ho; iu ho s p ng min dch
trong
c
th.
Hm lng Carotenoid trong mt s rau qu
(mcg/10g)
TT

Tn thc phm

carotene

carotene

Luteinzeaxanthin

Cryptoxanth

Licopene in

C ci

2560

7700

Ci bp nu chn

1300

1800

Da b

3000

35

C rt nu chn

9800

3700

260

Ci bp

5400

16300

Rau dip

1200

1800

C chua ti

520

100

3100

C chua p ng
hp

900

330

8580

3. Diallyl sulfid:
- Trong h hnh ti c nhiu hp cht nh
Allyl, Diallyl sulfid... c s dng cch y hng
trm nm vi tc dng khng sinh v chng huyt
khi.
- NC ti Trung Quc: Ni K d dy cao, t l
K d dy ngi n ti thp hn 10 ln so vi ngi
4. Polyphenol:
khng
n.
Nhiu NC DTH lin quan gia ung tr v
K ca ngi cng nh th nghim trn ng vt
u cho thy tc dng ca polyphenol trong
tr i vi K.

iiI. CNG B tiu chun SN PHM v CP

GIY CHNG NHN IU KIN vsattp i
vi sn phm Thc Phm chc nng

Qun l sn xut kinh doanh thc

phm thc phm chc nng nhm:
Bo m sc kho cho ngi tiu
dng, bo v ni ging
Bo m thng hiu sn phm
(Cht lng VSATTP ca sn phm)

Ti sao phi bo m vsat thc phm?

Ng c cp tnh

Th lc

Ng c mn tnh

Bnh tt

To hnh

iu ho gen

Bnh truyn qua

thc phm

Cc Bnh khc: HA, K (35%

lin quan n ung), si mt,
i ng, x gan, rng ming,
long xng...)

Cht lng
v sinh attp

Tiu ho

H thng enzyme

Chc nng

Ging ni

Thn kinh

Sinh dc
Qu trnh chuyn ho

Tim mch

H hp

Bi tit

Yu t nh hng n VSATTP?
Vi khun
Vi sinh vt

Virus
K sinh trng

c t t nhin

ng vt c cht c
thc vt c cht c

NTP
NTPcp
cptnh
tnh

Ph gia thc phm

HCBVTV
Ho cht

Kim loi nng

Khng sinh
Hormone
m

thc n h hng
bin cht

ng
M

NTP
NTPmn
mntnh
tnh

Cc loi nhim thc phm

1. nhim sinh
hc
2. nhim ho
hc
3. nhim vt l

 nhim sinh hc
Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

1. Vi khun:

Cc vi khun c trong
thc phm c th gy
bnh nhim khun
hoc ng c thc
phm.

Bnh nhim khun thc phm l do n

phi vi khun gy bnh, chng pht trin
v sinh c t trong c th ngi, thng
trong rut.
Ng c thc phm do n phi cht c
hnh thnh t trc (cht c do VK sinh
ra trong thc phm t trc khi n).

 nhim sinh hc
Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

1. Vi khun:

(Tip theo)

Chia ra 2 loi: C bo t v khng c bo t.

Loi c bo t:
(Cl. botulinum;
Cl. perfringens;
Bacillus cereus)

Loi khng c bo t:
(V. cholerae; V.
parahaemolyticus;
Shigella; Salmonella;
Campylobacter; Listeria;
Staph.aureus;
Streptococcus; E.coli;
yersinia enterocolitica;
Proteur)

 nhim sinh hc
Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

2. Vi rus:

Virus vim gan A

Virus vim gan E
Rotavirus
Norwalk virus
Virus bi lit

 nhim sinh hc
Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

4. Cc sinh vt c c t:

(Tip

theo)
ng vt c cht c:
Cc
C nc (tetradotoxin).
c t trong nhuyn
th:
DSP (Diarrhetic Shellfh Poisoning): Gy tiu
chy
NSP: Gy lit thn kinh
ASP (Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning): Gy ng
tr
PSP (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning): Gy lit

 nhim sinh hc

Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

Thc vt c c:
Sn (HCN).
L ngn
c t ca nm

 nhim sinh hc
Cc tc nhn sinh hc gy nhim thc phm

3. K sinh
trng:

K sinh trng n bo
Giun a
Giun tc
Giun mc
Giun xon
Sn l gan nh
Sn l phi
Sn dy ln
Sn dy b

Cc con ng gy nhim sinh hc vo thc phm

Tc nhn sinh hc
Sc vt
b bnh

m tht

Nu
khng k

Mi tr
ng

nhim:
t
Nc
Khng
kh

Sinh vt c
c t

ch bin
thc phm

c t nm
mc

V sinh c
nhn

Thc vt c
c

(Bn tay
nhim, ho
ht hi)

ng vt c
c

Thc phm

Bo qun
thc phm

iu kin
mt v sinh.
Khng che
y rui,
b, chut

 nhim ho hc

1. Nhng cht ho hc cho thm

vo thc phm theo mun.
2. Nhng ho cht ln vo thc
phm.
3. Ho cht bo v thc phm.

Nhng cht ho hc cho thm vo thc phm theo

mun:
bo qun thc phm:
- St khun: mui NO2, NO3, A. benzoic, Na benzoat, Na borat
(hn the)
- Chloramphenicol, tetracycllin, streptomycin, penicillin.
- Cht kch thch, tng trng: Hooc mon.
- Cht chng oxy ho: A. ascobic, a.citric, A.lactic,
-Tocophenol

- Cht chng mc: natri diaxetat, diphenyl...

Tng tnh hp dn ca thc n:
- Cht to ngt tng hp: saccarin
- Cc phm mu: phm mu v c, hu c, phm mu tng
hp.
Cc cht cho thm vo ch bin c bit:
- Lm trng bt: kh chlor, oxyt nit
- Lm tng kh nng thnh bnh, dai, dn ca bt: bromat,
hn the

A. Cng b tiu chun VSATTP vi tP chc nng

T chc, c nhn SX, KD TP c ng k KD v
i din cng ty, hng nc ngoi khi a sn phm
vo lu thng tiu th th trng VN phi c cng
b tiu chun.
Giy chng nhn cng b tiu chun sn phm
c gi tr trong 03 nm k t ngy c CQNN c
thm quyn cp.
Thm quyn: B YT xc nhn cng b tiu chun
sn phm ca cc doanh nghip (SX, nhp khu,
i din doanh nghip nc ngoi) i vi sn
phm TP chc nng.

B. iu kin m bo vsattp
Kinh doanh thc phm l kinh doanh c iu
kin.
T chc, h gia nh, c nhn Vit Nam, t
chc, c nhn nc ngoi khi SX, KD thc phm
phi bo m cc iu kin theo quy
nh v v sinh an ton sau:
- iu kin v c s
- iu kin v trang thit b, dng c
- iu kin v con ngi

C. Cp Giy CN iu kin VSATTP i vi cc c

s SX, CB, KD thc phm chc nng

10 nhm thc phm c NCC gm:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Tht v cc sn phm t tht;

Sa v cc sn phm t sa;
Trng v cc sn phm ch bin t trng;
Thu sn ti sng v qua ch bin;
Cc loi kem, nc ; nc khong thin nhin;
Thc phm chc nng, thc phm tng cng
vi cht dinh dng, thc phm b sung, ph
gia thc phm.
7. Thc n, ung ch bin n ngay;
8. Thc phm ng lnh;
9. Sa u nnh v sn phm ch bin t u
nnh;

Thm quyn:
B Y t cp Giy chng nhn cho cc c
s SX, KD thc phm chc nng, thc phm
tng cng vi cht dinh dng, thc phm b
sung, ph gia thc phm, nc khong thin
nhin.
Th tc:
Theo Q 11/2006/Q - BYT ca B trng
BYT v vic ban hnh Quy ch cp

giy

chng nhn c s iu kin VSATTP i

vi c s SX, KD thc phm c nguy c cao.

Xin cm n!