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T10/2014

Aldehyd-Keton (c bn)
Dng 1: Danh php
1/ c tn theo IUPAC cc hp cht sau:
1.1.

1.2.

2/ V cu trc cc hp cht c tn sau:

a) 4-Cloro-2-pentanon

f) (S)-2-Hydroxypropanal

b) Phenylacetaldehyd

g) (2S,3R)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal

c) cis-3-tert-Butylcyclohexancarbaldehyd

h) Butandial

d) 3-Metyl-3-butenal

i) 6,6-Dimetyl-2,4-cyclohexadienon

e) 2-(1-Cloroetyl)-5-metylheptanal

j) p-Nitroacetophenon

Bi tp ha hu c 2

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T10/2014

Dng 2: Tnh cht vt l

Gii thch s khc bit v im si ca cc cht sau:
Propan-2-ol (ts 87oC), Propanon (ts 57oC), 2-Metylpropen (ts -7oC)

Dng 3: Tc cht Gilman

Dng hp cht carbonyl ,-bt bo ha v hp cht lithium diorganocopper (tc cht
Gilman: R2CuLi) ph hp iu ch cc hp cht sau:

Dng 4: Phn ng Wittig

Dng hp cht carbonyl v hp cht phosphorus ylide ph hp iu ch cc hp cht sau:

Bi tp ha hu c 2

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T10/2014

Dng 5: Tc cht Grignard

Dng tc cht Grignard v aldehyd hoc keton ph hp iu ch cc alcol sau (hy lit k
tt c cc trng hp c th):
(a) 2-Pentanol

(c) 1-Phenylcyclohexanol

(b) 1-Butanol

(d) Diphenylmetanol

Dng 6: Tnh cht ha hc

1/ T 2-cyclohexenon hy iu ch cc hp cht sau (cu d iu ch bng 2 cch khc nhau):

2/ T benzaldehyd v cc tc cht cn thit khc hy iu ch cc cht sau:

3/ Hy cho bit sn phm mong i trong mi trng hp khi thc hin p vi carvon:

Carvon

Bi tp ha hu c 2

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T10/2014

4/ T cyclohexanon hy tng hp cc cht sau:

(a) 1-Metylcyclohexen

(c) cis-1,2-Cyclohexandiol

(b) 2-Phenylcyclohexanon

(d) 1-Cyclohexylcyclohexanol

5/ Hy ch ra cc tc cht s dng sai v sa li cho ng trong mi chui p di y:

6/ T metyl 4-oxopentanoat hy iu ch 6-metyl-5-hepten-2-on.

Metyl 4-oxopentanoat

7/ T benzen, cc tc cht cn thit khc v hp cht keton di y hy iu ch hp cht

tamoxifen (dng lm thuc iu tr ung th v)

Bi tp ha hu c 2

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T10/2014

Dng 7: n li 1 s p Ha hu c 1 c lin quan

H2O

H2O

H2O

HgSO4, H2SO4

HgSO4, H2SO4

HgSO4, H2SO4

1. BH3, THF
-

2. H2O2, OH

1. BH3, THF

1. O3

2. H2O2, OH-

2. Zn, H3O+

CH3Cl

CH3COCl

AlCl3

AlCl3

KMnO4

Br2
FeBr3

Mt s p ha hc trong phn Aldehyd-Keton:

+Mt s p cng tc cht nucleophile vo aldehyde hoc keton:
Cng hydride (H-) to alcol:

Cng tc cht Grignard to alcol:

Cng HCN to cyanohydrin:

Cng amin bc I to imin:

Bi tp ha hu c 2

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Cng amin bc II to enamin:

T10/2014

Phn ng Wolff-Kishner to alkan:

Cng alcol to acetal:

Cng phosphorus ylide to alken (p Wittig):

+Phn ng cng vo hp cht aldehyd/keton ,-bt bo ha:

Cng amin:

Cng nc:

Cng tc cht Gilman (R2CuLi):

+Mt s p khc:

Bi tp ha hu c 2