CHUYN L THUYT KIM LOI

PHN 1: I CNG V KIM LOI

Cc ion Na+, Mg2+, Al3+c cc c im chung no sau y ?
1.
A. C cng s electron
B. C cng s proton
C. u b kh khi in phn dung dch mui clorua
D. u to lin kt ion vi anion oxit to thnh cc oxit baz
Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca Cr (Z = 24) ?
2.
A. 1s22s22p63s23d4
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1
2
2
6
2
6
2
4
2
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4s
D. 1s22s22p63s33p64s13d5
2+
Cho Ca (Z = 20). Cu hnh ca ion Ca l
3.
A. 1s22s22p63s23p6
B. 1s22s22p6
2
2
6
2
6
2
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s
D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2
Cho cc nguyn t c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng tng ng l X : 2s 22p5; Y : 4s1; Z : 5s25p2; T : 2s22p2 ; R :
4.
3s23p6.
Cc nguyn t kim loi l
A. Y ; Z
B. Y
C. X ; Z ; T
D. R
Trong s cc ion sau, ion no khng c cu hnh electron ca kh him ?
5.
A. Zn2+
B. Al3+
C. K+
D. ClKim loi vonfam c dng lm dy tc bng n v nhng nguyn nhn chnh no sau y ?
6.
A. L kim loi rt cng.
B. L kim loi rt mm.
C. L kim loi c nhit nng chy rt cao.
D. L kim loi c khi lng phn t ln.
Kim loi c tnh do, dn in, dn nhit, c nh kim u gy ra bi
7.
A. cc electron t do trong mng tinh th kim loi.
B. kim loi c cu to mng tinh th.
C. ion kim loi.
D. cc nguyn t kim loi.
Tng
h
s
(cc
s
nguyn
ti
gin)
trong
phng
trnh
ho
hc ca phn ng gia Al vi HNO 3 c nng l
8.
A. 9
B. 13
C. 14
D. 64
Phn ng ca kim loi Zn vi dung dch H2SO4 long c phng trnh ion thu gn l
9.
A. Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2
B. Zn + 2H+ + SO42-
ZnSO4 + H2
+
22+
C. Zn + 4H + SO4 Zn + SO2 + 2H2O
D. Zn + SO42 ZnSO4
Trong cc trng hp sau, trng hp no c th ho tan hon ton cht rn ?
10.
A. Cho hn hp Cu, CuO vo dung dch H2SO4 long.
B. Cho hn hp Cu, Fe, Sn vo dung dch FeCl3.
C. Cho hn hp Al, Fe vo dung dch HNO3 c ngui.
D. Cho hn hp Na, Mg vo H2O.
Cho mt inh st vo dung dch CuSO4 (mu xanh) thy c hin tng X. Cho mt mu Na vo dung dch CuSO 4(mu
11.
xanh) thy c hin tng Y. X v Y ln lt l
A. X : dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta bm trn inh st ; Y : c bt kh, kt ta xanh.
B. Dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta xanh bm trn inh st ; Y : c bt kh, kt ta .
C. Dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta bm trn inh st ; Y : dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta .
D. Dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta xanh bm trn inh st ; Y : dung dch mt mu xanh, c kt ta xanh.
Mt hn hp c Cu, CuO, Cu(OH)2. Dng ho cht no sau y chng minh c trong hn hp c Cu ?
12.
A. H2SO4c
B. H2SO4 long
C. AgNO3
D. Cc cht H2SO4 c, H2SO4 long, AgNO3 u dng c
Phn ng ho hc gia hai cp oxi ho-kh s xy ra theo chiu :
13.
A. Cht kh s tc dng vi cht oxi ho to thnh cht kh v cht oxi ho tng ng ca chng.
B. Cht kh ca cp c th in cc chun nh hn s tc dng vi cht oxi ho ca cp c th in cc
chun ln hn to thnh cht oxi ho ca cp c th in cc chun nh hn v cht kh ca cp c th in cc chun
ln hn.
C. Cht kh ca cp c th in cc chun ln hn s tc dng vi cht oxi ho ca cp c th in cc chun nh hn
to thnh cht oxi ho ca cp c th in cc chun ln hn v cht kh ca cp c th in cc chun nh hn.
D. Lm cho s oxi ho ca cht kh cp c th in cc chun ln hn tng, s oxi ho ca cht oxi ho c th cc
chun nh hn gim.
14.

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Th t tnh kh ca cc kim loi tng dn theo chiu :

A. Ag < Cr < Ni < Sn
B. Ag < Sn < Ni < Cr
C. Cr < Ni < Sn < Ag
D. Sn < Ni < Cr < Ag
Cho cc cp oxi ho kh c sp xp theo th t tng dn th in cc chun nh sau :
Mg2+/Mg ; Fe2+/Fe ; Cu2+/Cu ; Fe3+/Fe2+ ; Ag+/Ag. Kim loi no khng tc dng c vi dung dch mui Fe3+?
A. Mg
B. Fe
C. Cu
D. Ag
Nhng dung dch no sau y khng ho tan c Cu ?
A. Dung dch mui Fe3+
B. Dung dch HNO3 long
C. Dung dch mui Fe2+
D. Dung dch hn hp HCl v NaNO3
Cho hn hp bt 2 kim loi Fe v Cu vo dung dch AgNO3 sau phn ng thu c hn hp rn gm 2 kim loi. Dung
dch sau phn ng gm cc cht
A. Fe(NO3)3 v AgNO3
B. Fe(NO3)3 v Cu(NO3)2
C. AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2
D. Fe(NO3)2 v Cu(NO3)2
Trong qu trnh pin in ha Zn -Cu hot ng, s xy ra bin i no sau y?
A. Khi lng in cc Zn tng
B. Khi lng in cc Cu gim
C. Nng ca ion Zn2+trong dung dch tng D. Nng ion Cu2+trong dung dch tng.
Trng hp no sau y xy ra s n mn ho hc ?
A. Tn (st trng km) ngoi khng kh m (c vt sy st su ti lp st bn trong).
B. Si dy ng ni vi mt si dy nhm ngoi khng kh m.
C. V tu bin tip xc vi nc bin.
D. Thit b bng thp trong l t tip xc vi hi nc nhit cao.
bo v v tu bin lm bng thp, ngi ta gn vo v tu (phn ngm di nc) nhng tm kim loi lm bng cht
no sau y ?
A. ng
C. Gang
B. Km
D. Thit
in phn dung dch cha hn hp x mol CuSO4 v y mol NaCl (in cc tr, mng ngn xp), dung dch sau in phn
cho tc dng vi Fe thy gii phng hiro. Vy
A. y = 2x
B. y > 2x
C. y < 2x
D. y = 3x
Trong pin in ho Zn-Cu, tc dng ca cu mui l
A. Cho php 2 dung dch pha trn vi nhau
B. Cho php cc ion dng di chuyn qua li gia hai ngn
C. Cho php ion dng v ion m di chuyn qua li 2 ngn
D. Cho php dng in chuyn ngc chiu kim ng h
Khi pin in Zn-Cu hot ng, phn ng no sau y xy ra catot ?
A. Cu2+ + 2e Cu
B. Zn2+ + 2e Zn
C. Cu Cu2+ + 2e
D. Zn Zn2+ + 2e
3+
2+
Thit lp pin in ho c ghp bi hai cp oxi ha - kh chun : Al / Al v Fe / Fe. Cho bit
A. +2,1V

Sc in ng chun ca pin l
B. -2,1V
C. +1,22V

Bit
A. +0,66V

. Sut in ng chun ca pin in ho Sn-Ag l

B. +0,94V
C. +0,79V
D. +1,09V

D. -1,22V

Sut in ng chun ca pin in ho Cr(-) - Ni(+) l +0,48V v

. Th in cc chun ca Cr3+/Cr l
A. +0,74V
B. -0,28V
C. +0,28V
D. -0,74V
2+
Cho bit qu trnh Sn Sn + 2e xy ra khi ghp in cc Sn vi in cc no sau y ?
A. Cc Cu
B. Cc Zn
C. Cc Fe
D. Cc Mg
Khi cho hn hp bt kim loi gm Zn, Ni, Mg v Fe vo dung dch CuSO4 th kim loi phn ng u tin l
A. Zn
B. Ni
C. Mg
D. Fe
Khi cho bt kim loi Mg vo dung dch cha cc ion sau y: Cu 2+; Fe3+; Ag+ ; NO3-, ion no s oxi ho Mg u tin ?
A. Cu2+
B. Fe3+
C. Ag+
D. NO3Khi ho tan Zn bng dung dch H2SO4 long, nu thm vi git dung dch CuSO4vo th qu trnh ho tan s
A. xy ra nhanh hn. B. khng thay i.
C. xy ra chm hn.
D. khng xy ra.
Mt hn hp kim loi gm Cu, Fe, Ag. Dung dch no sau y c th dng tch ly Ag m khng lm thay i khi
lng ca kim loi trong hn hp ?
A. CuSO4
B. Fe2(SO4)3
C. AgNO3
D. HCl
lm sch thu ngn c ln tp cht l : Zn, Sn, Pb, ngi ta khuy loi thu ngn ny trong dung dch cht no sau y
?
A. AgNO3
B. Hg(NO3)2
C. HNO3
D. H2SO4 c, nng
Trong qu trnh in phn, catot xy ra :

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A. qu trnh kh
B. qu trnh oxi ho
C. c qu trnh kh v qu trnh oxi ho D. qu trnh oxi ho kim loi
Phn ng ho hc no sau y xy ra trong qu trnh n mn kim loi ?
A. Phn ng th
B. Phn ng oxi ho - kh
C. Phn ng phn hu
D. Phn ng ho hp
bo v ni hi bng thp, ngi ta thng lt di y ni nhng tm kim loi hoc hp kim lm bng kim loi no
sau y ?
A. Zn
B. Cu
C. Thp khng g
D. Pb
Trng hp no sau y l bo v n mn bng phng php in ho ?
A. Ph sn epoxi ln cc dy dn bng ng.
B. Ph thic ln b mt thanh st trong khng kh.
C. Ph mt lp du m ln chi tit my bng kim loi.
D. Gn cc thanh Zn ln chn cu bng thp ngm di nc.
Cun mt si dy thp vo mt thanh kim loi ri nhng vo dung dch H2SO4 long. Quan st thy bt kh thot ra rt
mnh t si dy thp. Thanh kim loi c th l kim loi no trong s kim loi sau ?
A. Mg
B. Sn
C. Cu
D. Pt
Khi in phn dung dch NaCl vi in cc tr v mng ngn xp th dung dch thu c c :
A. pH = 7
B. pH > 7
C. pH < 7
D. pH = 5
Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. n mn in ho hc ph thuc vo nhit , nhit cng cao tc n mn cng nhanh.
B. n mn ho hc l qu trnh oxi ho kim loi pht sinh dng in.
C. n mn in ho hc l qu trnh oxi ho kim loi pht sinh dng in mt chiu.
D. Kim loi tinh khit s khng b n mn ho hc v n mn in ho hc.
Pht biu no sau y l ng v bn cht ca qu trnh n mn in ho hc ?
A. Kim loi c tnh kh yu ng vai tr in cc dng v b kh.
B. Kim loi c tnh kh mnh ng vai tr in cc dng v b oxi ho.
C. Kim loi c tnh kh yu ng vai tr in cc dng v b oxi ho.
D. Kim loi c tnh kh mnh ng vai tr in cc m v b oxi ho.
Qu trnh no sau y l n mn in ho hc ?
A. St chy trong kh clo.
B. Gang, thp lu ngy ngoi khng kh m.
C. Vt bng km ngm trong dung dch H2SO4 long.
D. Thp tip xc vi hi nc nhit cao.
Hai si dy ni vi nhau t ngoi khng kh m. Mi ni gia hai si dy bng kim loi no sau y chng b t nht ?
A. Cu-Cu
B. Al-Cu
C. Fe-Cu
D. Zn-Cu
C 1 si dy phi qun o c ni bi 3 on dy kim loi (theo th t) l nhm, ng v thp. Sau mt thi gian, ti
cc ch ni thy c hin tng:
A. nhm v thp b t. B. nhm v ng b t. C. thp v ng b t. D. nhm, thp v ng b t.
iu no l ng trong cc iu sau ?
A. Khi in phn dung dch NaCl th pH ca dung dch gim dn.
B. Khi in phn dung dch cha hn hp CuSO4v NaCl th pH ca dung dch khng i.
C. Khi in phn dung dch cha hn hp CuSO4v Na2SO4 th pH ca dung dch gim dn.
D. Khi in phn dung dch AgNO3 th pH ca dung dch tng dn.
in phn dung dch AgNO3, sn phm in phn thu c catot l
A. O2
B. Ag
C. HNO3
D. H2
Khi in phn dung dch cha CuSO4 v NaCl, ti catot s thu c sn phm no sau y ?
A. Thu c Cu.
B. Ban u thu c H2, sau thu c Cu.
C. Ban u thu c Cu, sau thu c Na. D. Ban u thu c Cu, sau thu c H2.
in phn dung dch cha cc ion : Cu2+ ; Fe3+; H+ ; NO3-. Trn catot xy ra qu trnh kh ion theo th t no sau y ?
A. Cu2+, Fe3+, H+
B. Fe3+, Cu2+, H+
C. Fe3+, H+, Cu2+
D. Cu2+, H+, Fe3+
Dy cht no sau y ch c th iu ch bng phng php in phn nng chy ?
A. Mg ; Zn ; Al
B. Na ; Al ; Mg
C. Ca ; Fe ; K
D. Cu ; Ag ; Fe
in phn cht no sau y thu c kh H2 catot ngay khi in phn ?
A. Dung dch Pb(NO3)2
B. Dung dch AgNO3
C. Dung dch CuSO4
D. Dung dch NaCl
in phn dung dch cha CuCl2 v AlCl3 n khi anot thy thot ra kh O2 th catot s thu c cc sn phm l
A. Cu ; Al
B. Cu ; H2
C. Al ; H2
D.Cu
iu ch cc kim loi c tnh kh mnh nh kim loi kim, kim th, nhm, phi dng phng php iu ch no sau
y ?
A. Phng php thu luyn.
B. Phng php nhit luyn.

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C. Phng php in phn dung dch. D. Phng php in phn nng chy.
Nguyn tc iu ch kim loi l
A. oxi ho kim loi.
B. kh cation kim loi.
C. oxi ho cation kim loi.
D. kh kim loi.
Cc kim loi no sau y c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch ca chng ?
A. Na ; Ca ; Cu
B. K ; Mg ; Al
C. Ca ; Ba ; Zn
D. Ag ; Cu ; Pb
tch ly Ag t AgNO3 c th dng cch no sau y ?
A. Nung
B. in phn dung dch AgNO3 trong H2O
C. Dng mt thanh kim loi bng Cu cho vo dung dch AgNO3
D. Cc cch trn u dng c.
Phng php nhit luyn dng rng ri trong cng nghip iu ch nhng kim loi no sau y ?
A. Kim loi mnh nh : Na, K, Ca,
B. Kim loi nh : Al, Zn, Sn,
C. Kim loi trung bnh nh : Fe, Cu,
D. C th iu ch mi kim loi.
Mt hn hp X gm 3 kim loi Mg, Fe, Cu c t l mol l 1:1:1. Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4
long d th c 33,6 lt kh H2 (ktc). m c gi tr l
A. 108 gam
B. 72 gam
C. 216 gam
D. 432 gam
Cho H2SO4 long d tc dng vi 6,659 gam hn hp hai kim loi A v B u c ho tr II c 0,1 mol cht kh, ng
thi thy khi lng kim loi gim 6,5 gam. Ho tan cht rn cn li bng H2SO4 c, nng th c 0,16 gam kh SO2. A
v B l
A. Mg v Cu
B. Fe v Cu
C. Zn v Cu
D. Zn v Pb
Cho mt kim loi X ho tr II vo 100 gam dung dch HCl 14,6% thu c 0,24 gam kh H2, dung dch sau phn ng tng
so vi dung dch ban u l 2,64 gam. X l kim loi no sau y ?
A. Zn
B. Ni
C. Mg
D. Ca
Ngm mt inh st sch vo 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 1M. Sau mt thi gian ly inh st ra, ra nh, lm kh thy khi
lng inh st tng 0,8 gam so vi ban u. Nng cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng l
A. FeSO4 : 0,5M
B. Fe2(SO4)3 : 0,75M
C. CuSO4 : 0,5M ; Fe2(SO4)3 : 0,5M
D. FeSO4 : 0,5M ; CuSO4 : 0,5M
Ho tan 2,16 gam kim loi M trong HNO3 long thu c 604,8 ml hn hp kh E gm N2 v N2O c t khi so vi H2 l
18,45. M l
A. Fe
B. Al .
C. Zn
D. Mg
Mt lng kim loi ho tr II cho tc dng vi oxi. ho tan hon ton oxit thu c cn mt lng va dung dch
H2SO4 15,4% thu c dung dch mui c nng 18,21 %. Kim loi l
A. Mg
B. Zn
C. Cu
D. Pb
Cho 2,275 gam kim loi X ho tr II tan vo dung dch hn hp cha hai axit HNO 3 v H2SO4thu c 2,94 gam hn hp
kh NO2 v D c th tch 1,344 lt (ktc). X l
A. Mg
B. Cu
C. Ca
D. Zn
Ho tan hon ton 0,01 mol hn hp hai kim loi u c ho tr II bng mt lng va dung dch cha hai axit HCl v
H2SO4 c th tch 2000 ml thu c V lt kh H2 ktc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch axit v ca V l
A. 1 ; 22,4 lt
B. 0 ; 4,48 lt
C. 2 ; 0,224 lt D. 1 ; 4,48 lt
Hai thanh kim loi M ho tr II c khi lng nh nhau. Thanh I nhng vo dung dch Cu(NO 3)2. Thanh II nhng vo
dung dch Pb(NO3)2. Sau mt thi gian khi lng thanh I gim 0,2% ; thanh II khi lng tng 28,4%. Bit s mol cc
cht trong dung dch Cu(NO3)2 v Pb(NO3)2 u gim nh nhau. M l
A. Fe
B. Zn
C. Ni
D. Mg
KIM LOI NHM IA, IIA, IIIA

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Ch ra nhn nh sai trong cc cu sau :

A. Cc nguyn t ca nguyn t nhm IIA c bn knh nguyn t tng khi s hiu nguyn t tng.
B. Cc kim loi kim c cng kiu mng tinh th.
C. Cc kim loi kim c cng, nhit nng chy cao hn kim loi k im th.
D. Cc kim loi nhm IA l nhng kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht.
Cho kim loi A vo dung dch CuCl2 thy kt ta v B vo dung dch CuCl2 thy kt ta mu xanh. A v B ln lt l
A. Na, Ca
B. Al, Fe
C. Ca, Fe
D. Fe, K
iu ch kim loi Na ngi ta dng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl.
B. in phn NaCl nng chy.
C. in phn dung dch NaOH.
D. nhit phn Na2O.
Dung dch no sau y ho tan c hn hp gm : Al, Mg, K ?
A. H2O
B. HCl c
C. H2SO4 c ngui
D. NaOH

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Hn hp no sau y tan hon ton trong nc ?

A. Hn hp Na, Al theo t l khi lng 23/27 B. Hn hp Na, Al theo t l khi lng 12,5/27
C. Hn hp Na, Al theo t l mol 2:3
D. Hn hp Na, Al theo t l mol 1: 2
nh gi mi trng no sau y l sai ?
A. Dung dch Al2(SO4)3c pH < 7
B. Dung dch Na2CO3c pH > 7
C. Dung dch Na[Al(OH)4] c pH > 7
D. Dung dch NaHCO3c pH < 7
bo qun kim loi kim, ngi ta ngm chng chm trong
A. nc B. du ho C. dung dch natri clorua D. dung dch axit clohiric
iu ch dung dch NaOH, ngi ta dng phng php in phn
A. NaCl nng chy.
B. dung dch NaCl khng c vch ngn xp gia hai cc.
C. dung dch NaCl c vch ngn xp gia hai cc.
D. dung dch NaNO3.
Mt trong s cc bin php lm chuyn dch cn bng ca phn ng CaCO 3CaO + CO2 sang phi l
A. tng nhit ca phn ng B. gim nhit ca phn ng
C. tng nng ca kh CO2
D. tng thm lng vi
nhn bit 5 cht bt mu trng : Na2CO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, BaCO3, BaSO4 ch cn dng ho cht no sau y ?
A. H2SO4 v qu tm
B. H2O v CO2 C. dung dch Ba(OH)2 D. dung dch HCl
nhn bit ba dung dch NaCl, MgCl2, AlCl3ch cn dng
A. dung dch NaOH.
B. dung dch Na2CO3. C. Dung dch Na2SO4. D. dung dch AgNO3.
Phn ng no sau y dng gii thch pH ca dung dch Na2CO3> 7 ?
A. Na2CO3+ 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
B. Na2CO3+ Ba(OH)2 BaCO3+ 2NaCl
C. Na2CO3+ CaCl2 CaCO3+ 2NaCl
D. Na2CO3 + H2O NaHCO3 + NaOH
NaHCO3 l mt trong nhng thnh phn ca thuc cha bnh au d dy do tham gia phn ng ho hc no sau y trong
d dy ?
A. HCO3 + H+ CO2 + H2O
B. HCO3 + OH- CO32- + H2O
C. NaHCO3 + H2O Na2CO3 + NaOH
D. NaHCO3 + H2O H2CO3 + NaOH
Phn ng no sau y dng gii thch s to thnh thch nh trong hang ng ?
A. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
B. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2
C. CaCO3+ 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
D. CaCO3 CaO + CO2
Cho a mol CO2vo 1 dung dch cha b mol NaOH thu c 2 mui NaHCO 3, Na2CO3. Ta c :

Cho cc cht : 1. NaCl ; 2. Ca(OH)2; 3. Na2CO3; 4. HCl. Nhng cc cht c th lm mm nc cng tm thi l
A. 1, 2, 3.
B. 2, 3.
C. 1, 3.
D. 1, 3, 4.
Nc
chy

mn
l
hin
tng
t
nhin
c
gii
thch
bng phn ng ho hc no sau y ?
81.
A. CaCO3+ 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
B. CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 Ca(HCO3)2
C. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
D. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
Mt dung dch cha a mol NaHCO3v b mol Na2CO3. Thm (a + b) mol Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch trn th khi lng kt
82.
ta thu c l
A. 100.a (g)
B. 100.b (g)
C. 100(a + b) (g)
D. 200(a + b) (g)
Cp
cht
no
sau
y
c
th
tn
ti
ng
thi
trong
dung
dch
?
83.
A. AlCl3v NaOH B. MgCl2 v Ba(OH)2
C. Al(NO3)3 v (NH4)2SO4
D. AlCl3 v NaAlO2
Nhng ion no sau y tn ti ng thi trong cng mt dung dch ?
84.
A. Na+; Ba2+; Ca2+ ; HCO3B. Na+; Mg2+; CO32-; HCO3+
3+;
2-;
C. Na ; Al CO3 NO3
D. Na+; H+; SO42-; [Al(OH)4]Hin tng no xy ra khi trn dung dch Na2S (d) vi dung dch Al2(SO4)3?
85.
A. C kt ta keo trng v kh c mi trng thi
B. C kt ta en (Al2S3)
C. Khng thy thay i g
D. C kh mi trng thi thot ra, kt ta xut hin sau tan ht
Cht no sau y s kt ta hon ton Al(OH) 3 t dung dch Na[Al(OH)4]?
86.
A. HCl d
B. NaOH d
C. CO2
D. NH3
Nhn nh no sau y sai ?
87.
A. Al2O3l mt oxit lng tnh
B. Dung dch phn chua (NaAl(SO4)2.12H2O) c pH <7
C. Al(OH)3 tan trong dung dch NH3
D. Al(OH)3tan trong dung dch HCl.
Cho dung dch NaHCO3 (dd X); dung dch Na2CO3(dd Y) v dung dch AlCl3 (dd Z). Cc dung dch ny c sp xp
88.
theo chiu gim dn gi tr pH nh sau
A. X > Y > Z
B. Y > Z > X
C. Y > X > Z
D. Z > Y > X
Phn ng ho hc xy ra khi cho nhm vo dung dch cha hn hp H2SO4 long v HCl c bn cht l
89.
A. 2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + 3H2
B. 2Al + 6H+ 2Al3+ + 3H2
80.

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

C. 2Al + 12H+ + 3SO42- Al3+ + 6H2O + 3SO2

D. 2Al + H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
iu ch nhm ngi ta
90.
A. dng nhng cht kh nh C, CO, H2 kh Al2O3.B. nhit phn Al2O3.
C. in phn Al2O3 nng chy.
D. in phn AlCl3 nng chy.
Ch ra cu sai trong cc cu sau.
91.
Trong qu trnh sn xut nhm trong cng nghip ngi ta thng cho Al 2O3 vo criolit nng chy. Cho criolit vo l :
A. to ra hn hp c nhit nng chy thp hn Al2O3
B. to hn hp cht in li c t khi nh hn Al nng chy
C. to cht lng c tnh dn in tt hn Al2O3 nng chy
D. kh ion nhm trong Al2O3 to thnh Al nng chy
Mt dung dch cha a mol NaOH tc dng vi mt dung dch c cha b mol AlCl3. iu kin thu c kt ta cc i
92.
l
A. a > 4b
B. a < 4b
C. a = b
D. a = 3b
Mt dung dch cha a mol Na[Al(OH)4] tc dng vi mt dung dch c cha b mol HCl. iu kin thu c kt ta
93.
ln nht l
A. a > 4b
B. a < 4b
C. A = b
D. b < 5 a
Mt loi vi cha CaCO3 v 20% tp cht tr. Nung 1 tn vi 900oC. Gi thit ch c CaCO3 b phn hu theo
94.
phng trnh: CaCO3 rn CaO rn + CO2 kh
Hiu sut ca phn ng l 60%. Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l
A. 268,8 kg
B. 336,0 kg
C. 68,8 kg
D. 536,0 kg
Ho tan ht 68,5 g kim loi M vo H2O, sau phn ng thu c 11,2 lt H2 ( ktc). M l kim loi no cho di y ?
95.
A. Natri
B. Kali
C. Canxi
D. Bari
in phn nng chy mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim, thu c 896 ml kh (ktc) anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot.
96.
Mui em in phn l
A. LiCl
B. NaCl
C. KCl
D. RbCl
Cho 21,6 gam bt nhm kim loi tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c NO (sn phm kh duy nht). Th tch
97.
NO thu c ktc l
A. 6,72 lt
B. 13,44 lt
C. 17,92 lt
D. 2.24 lt
Cho t t 200 ml dung dch HCl 1,5M vo 200 ml dung dch Na2CO31,0M. Sau phn ng thu c V lt CO 2 ktc. Gi
98.
tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt
B. 3,36 lt
C. 4,48 lt
D. 1,12 lt
Khi cho 3,36 lt kh CO2( ktc) tc dng vi mt dung dch cha 8 gam NaOH th sn phm thu c l
99.
A. Na2CO3 v NaOH d
B. Na2CO3
C. Na2CO3 v NaHCO3
D. NaHCO3 v CO2 d
100. Ho tan hon ton 13,92 gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim thuc hai chu k lin tip vo nc thu c 5,9136 lt H 2 27,30C
v 1 atm. Hai kim loi l
A. Li, Na
B. Na, K
C. K, Rb
D. Rb, Cs
101. in phn hon ton 14,9 gam mui clorua nng chy ca mt kim loi kim thu c 2,24 lt kh anot (ktc). Kim loi
l
A. Na
B. K
C. Rb
D. Li
102. Cho mt mu Na vo dung dch HCl c, kt thc th nghim thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Khi lng Na dng l
A. 4,6 gam
B. 0,46 gam
C. 0,92 gam
D. 9,2 gam
Cho
mt
mu
K
vo
400
ml
dung
dch
HCl
c
nng

1M,
kt
thc
th
nghim
thu c 6,72 lt kh (ktc).
103.
a) Khi lng K dng l
A. 23,4 gam
B. 15,6 gam
C. 31,2 gam
D. 3,9 gam
b) C cn dung dch thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 104,4 gam B. 52,2 gam
C. 41 gam
D. 34,8 gam
104. Cho mt dung dch cha 12 gam NaOH hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh SO 2
(ktc), khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 20,8 gam
B. 23,0 gam
C. 31,2 gam
D. 18,9 gam
105. in phn 1 lt dung dch NaCl vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp ti khi dung dch c pH =12 (lng Cl 2 ho tan trong
dung dch khng ng k). Bit rng vn cn lng NaCl d v th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k. Th tch kh
thot ra anot (ktc) l
A. 1,12 lt
B. 0,224 lt
C. 0,112 lt
D. 0,336 lt
Nung
100
gam
hn
hp
X
gm
Na
CO
v
NaHCO
cho
n
khi
lng
khng
i thu c 69 gam cht rn. % khi lng
106.
2
3
3
Na2CO3 l
A. 16%
B. 84%
C. 31%
D. 69%

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

Nhit phn hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Na2CO3 v CaCO3 thu c 11,6 gam cht rn v 2,24 lt kh (ktc). % khi
lng CaCO3l
A. 6,25%
B. 8,62%
C. 50,2%
D. 62,5%
108. Chia m gam hn hp gm mt mui clorua kim loi kim v BaCl 2 thnh hai phn bng nhau.
Phn I em ho tan hon ton vo nc ri cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 d thy c 8,61 gam kt ta. Phn II em
in phn nng chy thu c V lt kh anot (ktc). V c gi tr l
A. 6,72 lt
B. 0,672 lt
C. 1,344 lt
D. 13,44 lt
109. Ho tan hon ton 5,94 gam hn hp hai mui clorua ca hai kim loi A, B u thuc nhm IIA vo nc c 100ml
dung dch X. lm kt ta ht anion Cl
trong X, ngi ta cho X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch AgNO3. Kt thc th nghim c 17,22 kt ta v
dung dch Y. Lc ht kt ta, c cn dung dch Y thu c mui c khi lng l
A. 4,68 gam
B. 7,02 gam
C. 9,12 gam D. 2,76 gam
110. Cho V lt kh CO2(ktc) hp th hon ton vo 100 ml dung dchCa(OH)2 0,7M . Kt thc th nghim thu c 4 gam kt
ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,568 lt
B. 1,568 lt hoc 0,896 lt
C. 0,896 lt
D. 8,896 lt hoc 2,24 lt
Dung dch A gm cc ion Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, 0,1 mol Cl-, 0,2 mol NO3-. Thm t t dung dch K2CO3 1M vo dung dch A
111.
n khi c lng kt ta ln nht th th tch dung dch K2CO3cho vo l
A. 150 ml
B. 300 ml
C. 200 ml
D. 250 ml
112. Trn 8,1 gam Al vi 48 gam bt Fe2O3 ri cho tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Kt
thc th nghim lng cht rn thu c l
A. 61,5 gam
B. 56,1 gam
C. 65,1 gam
D. 51,6 gam
113. Trn 5,4 gam Al vi 17,4 gam Fe3O4 ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm. Gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh hon ton Fe 3O4
thnh Fe. Ho tan hon ton hn hp rn sau phn ng bng dung dch H2SO4 long th c 5,376 lt H2 ktc. Hiu
sut ca phn ng nhit nhm l
A. 12,5 %
B. 60%
C. 20%
D. 80%
114. Trn 0,81 gam Al vi bt Fe2O3 v CuO ri t nng tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm mt thi gian thu dc hn hp A.
Ho tan hon ton A trong HNO3 un nng th c V lt kh NO duy nht ktc. V c gi tr l
A. 0,224 lt
B. 0,672 lt
C. 2,24 lt
D. 6,72 lt.
107.

KIM LOI NHM B

115.

116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

121.

122.

123.

124.

S oxi ho ph bin ca kim loi Cr l

A. +1 ; +2
B. +2 ; +3
C. +1 ; +2 ; +3 ; +4 ; +5 ; +6
D. +2 ;+3 ;+6
Cu hnh electron ca 24Cr2+l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s1
2
2
6
2
6
1
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d4
Cu hnh electron ca Fe3+l
A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6
2
2
6
2
6
5
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2
Nguyn t hay ion no sau y c cu hnh electron l 1s22s22p63s23p63d10?
A. Ag+
B. Zn2+
C. Fe2+
D. Cu2+
Nhng n cht kim loi trong dy cht no sau y u khng b n mn trong khng kh do c
lp oxit bo v ?
A. Al, Fe, Cu
B. Ni, Cr, Sn
C. Au, Al, Zn D. Au, Ag, Cu
Qung c gi tr sn xut gang l
A. manhetit v hematit
B. manhetit v pirit
C. pirit v xierit D. hematit v xierit
Trong phng th nghim, bo qun dung dch mui st(II) ngi ta thng ngm vo dung dch
A. mt ci inh st
B. mt l nhm
C. mt t bc D. mt vin km
Sc kh NH3 d vo dung dch FeCl3 s thy hin tng l
A. c kt ta nu
B. c kt ta trng xanh
C. dung dch trong sut, khng mu
D. dung dch trong sut, mu vng nu
Cho mt mu kim loi Na vo dung dch FeCl3, khi kt thc phn ng s quan st thy hin tng
A. c kt ta nu
B. dung dch trong sut, khng mu
C. c kim loi Fe sinh ra
D. c kt ta trng
Cho kim loi st ln lt vo cc dung dch no sau y lun lun thu c mui st(II) ?
A. AgNO3, HCl
B. H2SO4 c nng, HNO3c nng
C. HCl, CuCl2
D. FeCl3, H2SO4 c ngui

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

125.

126.

127.

128.

Kim loi no sau y tan c vo dung dch mui FeCl3(khng to kt ta)?

A. Sn
B. Ag
C. Na
D. Mg
Cho cc phn ng sau :3Fe2O3+ CO 2Fe3O4 + CO2(1) FeO + CO Fe + CO2(2),
Fe3O4+ CO 3FeO + CO2(3)
Cc phn ng kh ion st trong oxit st c thc hin trong qu trnh sn xut gang xy ra theo th t sau :
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 3, 1, 2
C. 1, 3, 2
D. 2, 1, 3
Trong qu trnh luyn gang thnh thp, phn ng no sau y l phn ng to x ?
A. Si + O2 SiO2
B. S + O2 SO2
C. CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
D. FeO + Mn Fe + MnO
Cho bt st (d) vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng, khi kt thc phn ng trong dung dch c cha :
A. FeSO4
B. Fe2(SO4)3
C. Hn hp FeSO4v Fe2(SO4)3 D. Hn hp H2SO4v Fe2(SO4)3

Cho :
.
Sut in ng chun ca pin in ho Cr- Sn l
A. 0,60V
B. +0,88V
129.

C. +0,60V

D. 0,88V

Cho
.
Phn ng ho hc xy ra trong pin in ho Ag - Fe l
A. Fe2+ + 2Ag Fe + 2Ag+
B. Fe + 2Ag+ Fe2+ + 2Ag
2+
+
3+
C. Fe + Ag
Fe + Ag
D. Fe3+ + Ag Fe2+ + Ag+
131. Cho mt t bt st tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 d. Dung dch sau phn ng cha nhng cht no sau y ?
A. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3
B. Fe(NO3)3 v AgNO3
C. Fe(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)3
D. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 v AgNO3
132. Ho cht no sau y c th dng tch ly Ag m khng lm thay i khi lng Ag trong hn hp gm Ag v Cu ?
A. HCl
B. AgNO3
C. Fe(NO3)3
D. FeCl2
133. Cho t t dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch cha CuSO 4, thy c hin tng no sau y?
X. C kt ta trng sau kt ta tan to dung dch trong sut khng mu
Y. C kt ta mu trng sau kt ta tan to dung dch xanh thm
Z. C kt ta mu xanh sau kt ta tan to dung dch xanh thm
A. C kt ta mu xanh khng tan trong NH3 d
134. Dy cht no ca nguyn t ng c mu sc bin i ln lt theo th t trng, gch, , xanh, en ?
A. CuSO4khan ; Cu2O ; Cu ; Cu(OH)2 ; CuO
B. CuSO4 .5H2O ; Cu2O ; Cu ; Cu(OH)2 ; CuO
C. CuSO4khan ; CuO ; Cu ; Cu(OH)2 ; Cu2O
D. Cu(OH)2 ; Cu ; Cu2O ; Cu2+.6H2O ; CuO
135. Ngi ta m ng cho mt vt bng thp bng cch ni vt cn m vi mt cc ca ngun in, in cc cn li l mt
thanh ng kim loi v ngm trong dung dch cht in phn. in cc ni vi vt v dung dch cht in phn l nhng
cht no sau y ?
A. Cc m ; dung dch CuSO4
B. Cc dng ; dung dch CuSO4
C. Cc dng ; dung dch FeSO4
D. Cc dng ; dung dch FeSO4
Nung
mt
hn
hp
gm
AgNO
v
Cu(NO
)
n
khi lng khng i. Cht rn thu c l hn hp cc cht no sau
136.
3
3 2
y ?
A. Ag, Cu
B. Ag, CuO
C. Ag2O, Cu2O D. Ag, Cu2O
137. Cho cc cht: Cu, CuO, Cu2O, CuS, Cu2S, Cu(OH)2, CuCO3, CuSO3 ln lt vo dung dch HNO 3 c, nng. S
phn ng oxi ho - kh xy ra l
A. 1
B. 4
C. 5
D. 8
Cho
1
mol
hn
hp
gm
Zn
v
Cu
vo
dung
dch
HNO3
c
nng,
s
mol
HNO3 phn ng v s mol cht kh thot ra
138.
ktc l
A. 4 ; 2
B. 8 ; 2
C. 3 ; 1
D. 8 ; 4
139. Hn hp bt A c 3 kim loi Fe, Ag, Cu. Ngm hn hp A trong dung dch B ch cha mt cht. Khuy k phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thy cn li Ag. Dung dch B c th l
A. axit
B. kim
C. mui
D. nc

phn
bit
dung
dch
cha
ZnCl
vi
cc
dung
dch
mui
FeCl
,
MgCl
,
140.
2
2
2 c th dng cc dung dch cha ho cht no
sau y ?
A. Na2CO3
B. Cl2
C. HCl
D. NH3
141. Hp cht no sau y va th hin tnh kh, va th hin tnh oxi ho ?
A. Fe2O3
B. FeCl3
C. FeSO4
D. Fe(NO3)3
142. Hp kim ca nhm v ng c cu to bng tinh th hp cht ho hc trong nhm chim 12,3%. Cng thc ho hc
ca hp cht l
A. Cu2Al
B. Cu3Al
C. CuAl2
D. CuAl3
130.

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

143.

144.

145.

146.

147.

148.

149.

150.

151.

152.

153.

154.

155.

156.

157.

158.

159.

160.

161.

162.

163.

Dng 0,65 g Zn y Au ra khi ion phc xianua (bit Zn = 65, Au = 197). Khi lng Au sinh ra l
A. 1,97 g
B. 5,91 g
C. 7,88 g
D. 3,94 g
Cho hn hp gm Cu, Fe ho tan vo dung dch HCl d thu c 12,8 gam cht rn v 12,7 gam mui. Thnh phn khi
lng ca Cu l
A. 69,57%
B. 30,43%
C. 30,34%
D. 69,66%
Mt loi hp kim Cu-Sn c t l mol Sn : Cu = 1 : 5. Hm lng Sn trong hp kim l
A. 27,10%
B. 16,76%
C. 16,67%
D. 27,11%
Khi lng bt nhm cn dng iu ch 78 gam Cr t Cr2O3 bng phng php nhit nhm (Cr = 52 ; Al = 27) l
A. 45 gam
B. 81 gam
C. 40,5 gam
D. 20,25 gam
Nung x gam mui Cu(NO3)2 khan, n khi lng khng i thu c 7,00 gam cht rn. x nhn gi tr no sau y ?
A. 16,45 gam B. 16,56 gam C. 16,54 gam D. 16,65 gam
Ho tan hn hp gm Zn, ZnO, Zn(OH)2 vo dung dch NaOH d thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 ktc. Nu cho hn hp ny
vo dung dch H2SO4 long d th th tch kh thu c l
A. 2,24 lt B. 3,36 lt C. 4,48 lt D. 1,12 lt
Cho 6,5 gam Zn vo dung dch cha m gam hn hp NaNO3 v NaOH, thu c mt hn hp gm kh NH3 v H2 c th
tch 0,896 lt ktc. m c gi tr l
A. 1,7 gam
B. 7,2 gam
C. 3,4 gam
D. 8,9 gam
ho tan mt hn hp gm Fe, Ag, Cu, Zn cn dng dung dch cha y gam HNO 3, bit rng sau phn ng thu c 6,72
lt kh NO2 ktc. Vy y c gi tr l
A. 37,8 gam
B. 18,9 gam
C. 9,45 gam
D. 37,8 gam
in phn 2 lt dung dch CuSO4 nng 1M, sau mt thi gian thu c 5,6 lt kh thot ra anot, dung dch A v ng
kim loi thot ra bm trn in cc catot. Gi s Cu2+ khng thu phn trong mi trng axit, th tch dung dch thay i
khng ng k. Tr s pH ca dung dch A v khi lng Cu thot ra l
A. 0,1 ; 3,2 gam
B. 0,3 ; 16 gam
C. 0,3 ; 32 gam
D. 0,6 ; 3,2 gam
Cht no c hm lng Fe cao nht trong s cc cht sau ?
A. FeS
B. FeSO4
C. Fe2O3
D. Fe3O4
Qung giu st nht trong t nhin l
A. manhetit
B. xierit
C. hematit
D. hematit nu
Kh hon ton m gam Fe2O3 bng CO d, sc ton b lng kh thu c vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2d, lc tch
kt ta, lm kh, cn nng 3,0 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,6 gam
B. 0,8 gam
C. 3,6 gam
D. 4,8 gam
Cho hn hp gm Fe v Mg c t l mol l 1:2 vo dd CuSO4 d thu c 9,6 gam ng. Khi lng hn hp u l
A. 5,2 gam
B. 3,6 gam
C. 8,4 gam
D. 8 gam
Cho 5,6 gam Fe phn ng hon ton vi HNO3, thu c sn phm kh duy nht l NO2. Th tch dung dch HNO3 1M
dng va trong phn ng trn l
A. 0,3 lt
B. 0,6 lt
C. 3 lt
D. 1,5 lt
Cho 2,52 gam mt kim loi tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d to ra 6,24 gam mui sunfat. Kim loi l
A. Mg
B. Zn
C. Al
D. Fe
t chy hon tong m gam Fe trong khng kh thu c 23,2 gam st t oxit. m c gi tr l
A. 5,6 gam
B. 18 gam
C. 16,8 gam
D. 10 gam
Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm kh hon ton m gam hn hp oxit st cn 2,7 gam bt nhm. Cho hn hp thu c
sau phn ng vo dung dch HCl d, thy thot ra 2,52 lt kh (ktc). Cng thc oxit st v gi tr ca m l
A. Fe3O4 ; 8,7 gam
B. Fe3O4 ; 17,4 gam
C. Fe2O3 ; 8,7 gam
D. FeO ; 7,2 gam
Cho 14,4 gam FeO phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh NO v NO2 vi t l th tch l 1 : 2. Tng th
tch NO v NO2 ktc l
A. 1,92 lt
B. 22,4 lt
C. 3,36 lt
D. 1,68 lt
Nhng mt thanh st vo dung dch CuSO4, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, mang ra ra nh, lm kh, cn, thy khi
lng thanh st tng ln 1,6 gam. Ton b lng ng sinh ra u bm ht ln b mt thanh st. Khi lng ng kim loi
bm vo thanh st l
A. 12,8 gam
B. 1,28 gam C. 2,56 gam
D. 1,6 gam
Trn 24 gam Fe2O3 vi 10,8 gam nhm ri nung nhit cao cho phn ng hon ton, hn hp thu c sau phn ng
em ho tan vo dung dch NaOH d, thy c 5,376 lt kh (ktc) thot ra. Hiu sut phn ng l
A. 12,5%
B. 60%
C. 80%
D. 90%
Dng qung manhetit cha 80% Fe3O4 sn xut 800 tn gang c hm lng st l 95%. Hiu sut c qu trnh sn xut
l 80%. S tn qung cn dng l
A. 1639,88 tn
B. 3935 tn
C. 1070,8 tn D. 4919,6 tn

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong