( 8 )

CONTENTS

1.
2.
3.
, ,
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.

122

3 .
, ,
4.

(1)
2

. < 3-18>

.

.


.

 (8)

I=0.435A

I1
0.06A

E
1.5V

R1
25

I2
0.075A
R2
20

I3
0.3A
R3
5

<3-20>

<3-18>

I=I1+I2 +I3+ +In

I1

R1

R2

I2

I3

R3

In
Rn

<3-19>

.
(parallel) .

(2)

.
< 3-19>


. .

.
E

E
.

.
< 3-20> 3 R

=25[], R
=20[], R
=5[]
1.5V
.
R1 I1=

1.5V
=0.06[A]
25

R2 I2=

1.5V
=0.075[A]
25

R3 I3=

1.5V
=0.3[A]
5
APR 2000 123


0.435[A]
,

R1
1
25
I1 =0.435A 1 + 1 + 1 =0.06[A]
25
20
5
R2
1
20
I2 =0.435A 1 + 1 + 1 =0.075[A]
25
20
5
R3
1
5
I3 =0.435A 1 + 1 + 1 =0.3[A]
25
20 5

I1=

E
R1

I2=

E
R1

E
R1

R2

1
1
1
R1 + R2

<3-21>

124

(3)



. <
3-21> E 2 R1
R . R
R2 E2
R1 R2 I1, I 2

R1 I1=

E
R1

R2 I2=

E
R2

. RL I1 R2
I I
.
I=I1+I2=

I=I1+I2

E
E =E( 1 + 1 )
+
R1 R2
R1 R2

2 ,
2
, E

E
E
E
1
=
R= =
I
1 + 1 )
1
1
+
E(
R1 R2
R1 R2

.

 (8)

0.0165A
0.0015A

0.015A
E
1.5V

R1
100

E
1.5V

R2
1k

R
90.90

I
0.0165A
<3-22> 1

(4)

R1R2

2
.
< 3-22> R1=100[], R2=1[]
R

R1R2
R = R +R
1
2
2
,
.
2

R=

L
R= 1
1 + 1 + + 1 )
+
R1 R2 R3
Rn

1 + 1
R 1 R2

1
1
1
+
100
1,000

=90.9090[]
. 2 1.5V

I1 I2

0.435A
I1
0.06A
E
1.5V

I2
0.075A

R1
25

R2
20

I3
0.3A
R3
5

E
1.5V

R
3.45

I
0.435A

<3-23> 2

APR 2000 125


I1 =

1.5V
=0.015[A]
100

I2 =

1.5V
=0.0015[A]
1,000

(1)

. (
100) 10%
10
.

.
< 3 - 2 3 > R 1= 2 5 [], R 2
=20[], R3=5[] 3
R
1
R= 1
1
1 3.45[]
+
+
25
20
5
.

.
5.

2
.
< 3-24> 7
2
. 7
100V 1 14~
17V . 1

7
. 1 7


2
.

100V

1
. 2
1 1
1

14~17V 7

14~17V 7
100V
<3-24>

126

 (8)

R1
R5

R3

R1

R1

R3

R3

R2

R2
R6

R4

R7

R5//R6

R4//
(R7+
R5//R6)

R4

(b)

R2

R7

(a)

R1

(c)

(d)

(e)

<3-25> 7

.

.
.




. < 3-25(a)>
7 .

R5 R6
.
// R5 R6
R5 R6 R5
//R6 (b) .
R5 //R6 R7
R7+R5//R6 R4
.
R4, R5, R6, R7 1
.
1
R4//(R7+R5//R6)= 1
1
+
R4
1
R7+
1
1
+
R5
R6

(c) .
R4//(R7+R5//R6) R3
R2

(d) .
R1
(e) 7
R .



.
,
.

.

(2)



.

.

E,
APR 2000 127


Ro

I=

Ro

RL

E
Ro + R L

. .


,

E
Ro < 3-27>.

+
9V

.
< 3-28>

. 9V
470 130

9V
.

130
=9V
=1.95[V]
470+130

470
0

9V

600

600
RL

130

1.95V

(a) 0

130

?
V

(

)

(b)

<3-28>

128

(3)

Ro RL
< 3-26>

470

<3-27>
.

E
Ro+RL

<3-26>

I=

Ro

 (8)

470
470
9V

+
130

RL

(a)

130
1.95V

=IRL

RL

(b)

<3-29> .

, 130

.

130
RL
RL 130
470
.


.


.
.
< 3-29> (a)

(b)
.



.

9 V
1.95V .
0 130V
470V .
102 . ,
RL 1

1.95V
=1[mA]
102+RL
. R

RL =

1.95V
-102=1,848[]
1mA

. 1
R .
RL 1

V=11,848=1,848[V]
. < 3-6>
APR 2000 129

<3-30>

0.1 5

.
6.

(1)

< 3-30>
.
2 a, b
D .
< 3-31>
D

.
< 3-31(a)> D
, ,
D
, 2 a, b
. 2 a b

. (b)
D



.
.
(c)

.


.


.

(2)

(a)

(b)
<3-31>

130

(c)

 (8)

()

<3-32>

<3-34>
<3-33>

(3)

.
< 3-32> 80V
50


.


.



< 3 33>.

. ,

.

.


.


.
APR 2000 131


,
< 3-34>
. N S

()
.




.

.

( )
. ,





(
).



.

.

<3-36>

.



.


< 3-35>.


.


<
3-36>
.

(4)

(a)

(b)

<3-35> +, -
.

132

, .

 (8)

()

<3-37>

,
.
,
< 3-37>.




.



.

(5)

mA

.


.

FS:100
.



.

100
, 500
.
.
100
100
1 2
.


.
100
100
. 100

10
S

500
0.1mA

5.05

0.1mA
9.9mA

9.9mA
10mA

10mA
<3-38>

APR 2000 133

100

500

1000k

999.5k

0.1mA
0.1mA

+
100V

100V
+

<3-39>

.
.
, 100

.

(6)



.
.
100, 500
< 3-38>
10 .
9.9
0.1

( )
10 0.1
100 .

10 0 10 10
10 .


.
134

99
99 1
500/998=5.05 .
< 3-39>
100V .

100V 100
.


. 100V/100
=1,000
500 999.5
.

(7)




.
.

,

() .

 (8)

<3-40>

<3-41>

.
.

.
2
< 3-40>
.


.

S N
.


.
.


.

.

??? .
() 0


.
< 3-41>
.



.

.
.




.

APR 2000 135