N TP THI I HC, CH HM S

BI TON LIN QUAN TNH N IU CA HM S

Tnh n iu ca hm s:
+ Hm s y f ( x ) ng bin trn khong (a;b) y ' 0, x ( a; b).
+ Hm s y f ( x ) nghch bin trn khong (a;b) y ' 0, x ( a; b).

Ch .
2
+ iu kin tam thc bc hai f ( x ) ax bx c khng i du trn :

a 0
a 0
f ( x) 0, x
f ( x) 0, x
0
0
+ Hm s y f ( x ) ng bin trn khong (a,b) th vi a x1 b f ( a ) f ( x1 ) f (b).
2

Bi 1: Tm m y mx 6m 5 x 2 1 3m nghch bin trn [1, )

x 1

Bi 2: Tm m y 1 x 3 m 1 x 2 m 3 x 4 ng bin trn (0, 3)

3
m
Bi 3: Tm m y x 3 m 1 x 2 3 m 2 x 1 ng bin trn 2,
3
3
3
2
1
Bi 4. Cho hm s y m 1 x 2m 1 x 3m 2 x m .
3

Tm m khong nghch bin ca hm s c di bng 4

S: m - 7/3
S: m 12/7
S: m 2/3

S: m =

7 61
6

BI TON LIN QUAN CC TR CA HM S

Cc tr ca hm s:
+ Hm s y f ( x ) t cc tr ti x0 nu y '( x0 ) 0 .
+ Hm s y f ( x ) t cc i ti x0 nu o hm y ' i du t + sang khi i qua x0 .
+ Hm s y f ( x ) t cc tiu ti x0 nu o hm y ' i du t sang + khi i qua x0 .
Ch . Cch 2 tm cc tr hm s: Dng o hm cp 2:
Nu y ''( x0 ) 0 th x0 l im cc i v Nu y ''( x0 ) 0 th x0 l im cc tiu

Phng trnh ng thng i qua cc im Cc tr ca hm s:

3

+ y ax bx cx d . Ly y chia cho y, c thng l q(x) v s d l r(x). Khi y r ( x) l

ng thng i qua hai im cc tr.
Bi 1: Cho hm s y x 3 3 x 2 3 m 2 1 x 3m 2 1 (1), m l tham s. Tm m hm s (1) c cc i, cc
tiu v cc im cc tr ca th hm s (1) cch u gc ta .
Bi 2 : Cho hm s y mx 4 m 2 9 x 2 10

1
2

( S : m .)

(1) (m l tham s). Tm m th hm s (1) c ba im cc

( S : m 3, 0 m 3 )
Bi 3 : Tm m f x x 3 mx 2 7 x 3 c ng thng i qua C, CT vung gc vi y 3x 7.
tr.

( S: | m | 21 , m 3 10 / 2 )
Bi 4: Tm m hm s f x x 3 3x 2 m 2 x m c cc i, cc tiu i xng nhau qua (): y 1 x 5
2

( S: 3 m 3, m 0 )
Bi 5: Tm m hm s y x 4 2m 2 x 2 1 c 3 im cc tr l 3 nh ca mt tam gic vung cn.
( S : m 0, m 1 )
Bi 6. Tm m f x x 4 2mx 2 2m m4 c C, CT lp thnh tam gic u. ( S: m > 0, m 3 3 )
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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
Bi 7. Tm m THS y 2 mx 4 x 2 4 m 1 c 2 im cc tiu v khong cch gia chng bng 5.
(/s: m 1 / 25 )

PHNG TRNH TIP TUYN V CC BI TON LIN QUAN.

Cho hm s y f (x) c th (C)
1. PTTT ca (C) ti M ( x0 ; y0 ) l: y y , ( x0 )( x x0 ) y0
2. Vit PTTT ca (C) bit tip tuyn c h s gc k cho trc
Gi l tip tuyn cn tm, M ( x; y ) l tip im.

c h s gc k f , ( x) k (*). gii phng trnh (*)c N0 x1, x2 y1, y2

+ Vit PTTT ti M 1 ( x1; y1 ) : (1 ) : y k ( x x1 ) y1
+ Vit PTTT ti M 2 ( x2 ; y2 ) : ( 2 ) : y k ( x x2 ) y2
Ch : 2 ng thng song song c cng h s gc, 2 ng thng vung gc th tch h s gc 1
3. Vit PTTT ca (C) qua M ( x0 ; y0 )
+ Gi l tip tuyn cn tm , qua M ( x0 ; y0 ) vi h s gc k () : y k ( x x0 ) y0

(**)

f ( x) k ( x x0 ) y0
(*)
f , ( x) k

+ Gii (*) tm c k thay vo (**) c cc tip tuyn cn tm

Ch : S N0 ca (*) l s tip tuyn k c t M
Bi 1: Vit pt tip tuyn ca hm s (C) trong cc trng hp sau:
a, (C): y x 4 x 2 1 vung gc vi () : x 2 y 3 0
/s: y 2 x 3
4x
b, (C): y
song song vi () : y x 3
2x 4
c, (C): y x 3 3 x 2 2 qua A(1;2)
/s: y 9 x 7 v y 2

+ ng thng () l tip tuyn ca (C)

Bi 2: Cho hm s y

x 1
(C). Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ti im M C , bit tip tuyn ct 2
2x 1

trc ta to thnh 1 tam gic cn.

S: y x 1 3, y x 1 3
2x 1
Bi 3: Cho hm s (C): y =
. Vit pt tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn song song ng thng
1 x
x 3y = 0 ng thi to vi cc trc ta mt tam gic c din tch bng 1/6. S: x 3y 1 = 0.
2x 1
Bi 4: Cho hm s (C): y
. Vit pt tip tuyn ca (C), bit khong cch t im I(1; 2) n tip
x 1
tuyn bng 2 .
S: x + y 1 = 0, x + y 5 = 0.
1 3
Bi 5: Vit pt tip tuyn ca (C): y x 2 x 3 , bit tip tuyn ct 0x, 0y ln lt ti A, B sao cho
3
OB = 2OA.
S: y = - 2x + 3
2x 1
Bi 6: Cho hm s (C): y
. I l giao im hai ng tim cn. Tm im M thuc th (C), sao cho
x 1
tip tuyn ca (C) ti M v IM c tch h s gc bng 9.
S: (0; -3), (- 2; 5).
Bi 7: Trn ng thng y 2 m t c th k c 3 tip tuyn ti (C): y x 3 3x 2 2 trong c
2 tip tuyn vung gc.
(/s: a 55 / 27 )
3
Bi 8: Cho hm s y x 1 m( x 1)
(Cm)
a) Vit PTTT ca (Cm) ti giao im ca (Cm) vi Oy
b) Tm m tip tuyn ni trn chn trn 2 trc to tam gic c din tch bng 8.
(/s: a) y mx 1 m , b) m 9 4 5 ; m 7 4 3 )
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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
Bi 9: Cho hm s (Cm): y = x 3mx + 2. Tm m th hm s (Cm) c tip tuyn to vi ng thng
1
d: x + y + 7 = 0 gc bit cos
S: m 1/ 2, m 3 / 4
26
3

S TNG GIAO CA HAI HM S

Cho hai hm s y=f(x) c th (C1) v y=g(x) c th (C2).

+ Phng trnh giao im ca (C1) v (C2) : f(x) = g(x) (1).
S giao im ca (C1) v (C2) ng bng s nghim ca phng trnh honh giao im (1).
(1) v nghim
(C1) v (C2) khng c im chung.
(1) c n nghim
(C1) v (C2) c n im chung.
(1) c nghim n x1 (C1) v (C2) ct nhau ti N(x1;y1).
(1) c nghim kp x0 (C1) tip xc (C2) ti M(x0;y0).
Bi 1: Tm m :
x
a) ng thng y x m ct (C) y
ti 2 im phn bit.
S: m 0, m 4
x 1
8
2
8
35
b) ng thng (d): y mx ct (C): y x3 x 2 4 x ti 3 im phn bit. (/s:
m 4 )
3
3
3
8
c) (Cm): y mx 4 2( 2 m) x 2 m 4 ct Ox ti 4 im phn bit.
(/s: 4 m 0 )
d) ng thng d: y 1 ct (Cm): y x 4 (3m 2 x 2 3m ti 4 im phn bit c honh ln hn 2.
S: - 1/3 < m < 1, m 0
2x 1
Bi 2: Tm m t (d): y x m ct (C): y
ti 2 im phn bit A, B sao cho OAB vung ti O.
x 1
2x 1
Bi 3: ng thng (d): y x m ct (C): y
ti 2 im phn bit A, B sao cho ABmin
x2
(/s: m 0, ABmin 24 )
3
2
Bi 4: Cho (d): y 1 v (Cm): y x 3 x mx 1 . Tm m (d) ct (Cm) ti 3 im phn bit C, D ,E sao cho

9 65
8
4
2
Bi 5: (Cm): y x 2( m 1) x 2m 1 ct Ox ti 4 im c honh lp thnh cp s cng.
4
(/s: m 2; m
9
2x 4
Bi 6: Cho (C): y
. Xt (dk) qua M(0;k) vi h s gc -2. Chng minh (dk) ct (C) ti 2 im M, N vi k
x 1
tu v xc nh k MNmin.
Bi 7: Cho (Cm): y x 3 2mx 2 (m 3) x 4 v (d): y x 4 , im K(1;3). Tm m (d) ct (Cm) ti 3 im
tip tuyn ti 2 trong 3 im vung gc nhau.

phn bit A(0;4), B, C sao cho S KBC 8 2

(/s: m < 9/4, m 0, m

(/s: m

1 137
)
2

1 3
2
x mx 2 x m (Cm). Tm m (Cm) ct Ox ti 3 im phn bit c honh x1, x2,
3
3
x3 tho mn: x12 x22 x32 15 .
(/s: m 1 )
Bi 8: Cho hm s y

Cu 9: Cho hm s y

x 1
(C). Tm m (C) ct ng thng d m : y mx 2m 1 ti 2 im phn
2x 1

bit A, B sao cho:

a) Tip tuyn ti A, B vung gc vi nhau.

S: m

b) Tha mn iu kin 4OA.OB 5

S: m = 1/2, m = - 3/4

CC BI TON TM QU TCH IM
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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
tm qu tch ca im M ta thc hin cc bc sau :
B1 : Tm iu kim ca tham s m.
B2 : Tm im M(x ;y) theo tham s m v kh m gia x v y ta c hm s y = g(x).
B3 : Tm iu kin ca x, y (nu c).
B4 : Kt lun : qu tch im M l hm s y = g(x) vi iu kin ca x, y (nu c).
Bi 1 : Tm m hm s: y x 4 2( m 1) x 2 1 c 3 im cc tr. Tm qu tch cc im cc tr.
(/s: m 1, y (m 1) x 2 1 )
2x 4
Bi 2 : Cho (C): y
. Tm t (dm): y 2 x m ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B. Gi I l trung im
x 1
A, B. Tm qu tch ca im I
Bi 3 : Cho hm s y = (x + 2)(x 1)2 (C) v t d i qua A(- 2 ;0) c h s gc k.
a) Tm k d ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit A, M, N.
S : k > 0, k 9
b) Tm qu tch cc trung im MN.
S : t x = 1, y > 0, y 27

A. HM S BC BA
Bi 1. Cho hm s y x 3 3 x 2 (C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Da vo th (C) , bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng x 3 3 x 2 m 0 .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im M 2; 4 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c honh x

1
.
2

e. Vit phng trnh ca (C) ti cc im c tung l 0 .

Bi 2. Cho hm s y x 3 3x 2 4 (C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Da vo th (C) , bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng x 3 3 x 2 m 0 .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c honh l

1
.
2

d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) , bit h s gc ca tip tuyn k 9 .

e. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) , bit tip tuyn song song vi ng thng d : y 3x 2 .
Bi 3. Cho hm s y 4x 3 3x 1 (C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Da vo th (C) bin lun theo m s nghim phng trnh : x 3

3
x m 0
4

15
x 10
9
x
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng d 2 : y 1
72
e. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) , bit tip tuyn i qua im M 1, 4 .

c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn song song vi ng thng d1 : y

Bi 4. Cho hm s y 2x 3 3x 2 1
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng d1 : y
c. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua M 2;3 v tip xc vi th (C).
d. Tm m ng thng d 2 : y mx 1 ct th (C) ti 3 im phn bit .
e. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im cc i v cc tiu ca th (C).
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x 2010
3

N TP THI I HC, CH HM S

Bi 5. Cho hm s y 2x 3 3x 2 1
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
2
3

b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn vung gc vi d1 : y x 2
1

c. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua M 1; v tip xc vi th (C).

4
d. Tm m ng thng d 2 : y mx 1 ct th (C) ti mt im duy nht .
e. Tm m ng thng d 3 : y m x 1 ct th (C) ti 3 im phn bit .
Bi 6. Cho hm s y 2 x x 12 (C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Tm m th (C) y 2 x m 2 ct th (C) ti 3 im phn bit .
3
8

c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng d1 : y x 4
d. Tm m ng thng d 2 : y m x 1 ct th (C) ti 3 im phn bit .
Bi 7. Cho hm s y

x3
2 x 2 3 x 1 (C)
3

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Da vo th (C) bin lun theo m s nghim thc ca phng trnh : x 3 6 x 2 9 x 3 m 0
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c h s gc tip tuyn nh nht .
7

d. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im M 4; v tip xc th (C) .

3

Bi 8. Cho hm s y x 3 m 1 x 2
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s khi m 0 .
b. Bin lun theo k s nghim thc ca phng trnh : x 3 3 x 2 2k 0 .
c. Tm m hm s c cc i v cc tiu .Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im cc i v cc
tiu .
d. Tm m hm s t cc i ti x 2 .
e. Tm tt c nhng im M C sao cho ta k c ng mt tip tuyn n (C) .
Bi 9. Cho hm s y 4 x 3 3 m 1 x 1 Cm
a. Kho st v v th (C0) ca hm s khi m 0 .
b. Da vo th (C0) bin lun theo k s nghim thc ca phng trnh : 4 x 3 3 x k 0
c. Tm m h th (Cm) c hai cc tr .

B. HM S TRNG PHNG
4

Bi 1. Cho hm s y x 2 x (C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Bin lun theo m s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 2 x 2 m
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c honh x 2 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c tung y 2 .
e. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit h s gc ca tip tuyn bng 24 .
Bi 2. Cho hm s y x 4 2 x 2 1
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Bin lun theo m s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 2 x 2 m .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c honh x 2 .
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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c tung y 9 .

e. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit h s gc ca tip tuyn bng 24
Bi 3. Cho hm s y x 4 x 2 1
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Bin lun theo m s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 x 2 m .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c tung y 1 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn song song d1 : y 6 x 2010 .
1
6

e. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc d 2 : y x 2010 .
Bi 4. Cho hm s y x 4 x 2 1
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Bin lun theo m s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 x 2 m 0
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c tung y 1 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit h s gc ca tip tuyn bng 2.
1
4

Bi 5. Cho hm s y x 4 2 x 2

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Tm m phng trnh x 4 8 x 2 m c 4 nghim thc phn bit.
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn song song d1 : y 15 x 2 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc d 2 : y
1
4

Bi 6. Cho hm s y x 4 2 x 2 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Tm m phng trnh x 4 8 x 2 4 m c 2 nghim thc phn bit .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c honh x 1 .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng
thng d : 8 x 231 y 1 0 .
e. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im M 0; 1 v tip xc vi th (C) .
Bi 7. Cho hm s y x 4 2 x 2 3
(C)
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Da vo th (C) , hy gii bt phng trnh x 4 2 x 2 8 .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti giao im ca (C) vi trc tung .
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im c tung bng 3 .
Bi 8. Cho hm s y

x4
5
3mx 2 m
2
2

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s khi m 1 .

b. Bin lun theo k s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 6 x 2 k 0 .
c. Da vo th (C) , hy gii bt phng trnh

x4
3 x 2 4 .
2

d. Tm m hm s (1) t cc tiu ti x 3 .
e. Tm m hm s (1) c 3 cc tr .
Bi 9. Cho hm s y x 4 2 mx 2 m 2 m
a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s khi m 2 .
b. Bin lun theo k s nghim thc ca phng trnh x 4 4 x 2 k 0 .
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x 10 .
45

N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
c. Tm m hm s t cc tiu ti x 1 .

d. Tm m hm s c 1 cc tr .
Bi 10. Cho hm s y mx 4 m 2 9 x 2 10

(1)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s khi m 1 .

b. Tm k phng trnh x 4 8 x 2 10k 0 c hai nghim thc phn bit .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc d : 2 x 45 y 1 0 .
d. Tm m hm s c mt im cc tr .
e. Tm m hm s c ba im cc tr .

C. HM S HU T
Bi 1. Cho hm s y

2x 1
x 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
1
.
2
1
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c tung y .
2

b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c honh x

d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) , bit h s gc ca tip tuyn k 3 .

5
3

e. Tm m ng thng d : y mx 2 m ct (C) ti 2 im phn bit .

Bi 2. Cho hm s y

x 1
x 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im c tung y

1
.
2
9
2

c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn song song d1 : y x 3 .
1
8

d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc vi d 2 : y x 1 .
e. Tm m ng thng d3 : y mx 2m ct th (C) ti 2 im phn bit c honh m .
Bi 3. Cho hm s y

x 1
x 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti giao im ca (C) v trc honh .
c. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti giao im ca (C) v trc tung .
8
9

1
3

d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc d1 : y x .
e. Tm m ng thng d 2 : y mx 2m ct th (C) ti 2 im phn bit c honh dng .
Bi 4. Cho hm s y

3x 1
1 x

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn song song vi ng phn gic ca gc
phn t th nht .
c. Tm m ng thng d1 : y mx 2m 7 ct th (C) ti hai im A, B phn bit .Tm tp hp
trung im I ca on thng AB .
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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
d. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn vung gc d 2 : x y 2 0 .

e. Tm nhng im trn th (C) c to vi honh v tung u l s nguyn .

Bi 5. Cho hm s y

x2
2 x

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tt vung gc vi ng phn gic ca gc phn t th
hai .
c. Vit phng trnh ng thng qua im M 3;4 v tip xc vi th (C) .
d. Tm nhng im trn th (C) c to vi honh v tung u l s nguyn .
Bi 6. Cho hm s y

3 x
2x 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit pt tip tuyn ca th (C) , bit tip tuyn song song vi ng phn gic ca gc phn t th hai
.
6

c. Vit phng trnh ng thng qua im M 3; v tip xc vi th (C) .

7

d. Tm nhng im trn th (C) c to vi honh v tung u l s nguyn .

Bi 7. Cho hm s y

x4
x 1

(C)

a. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s .
b. Vit pt tip tuyn ca th (C) ti giao im ca th hm s vi Oy
c. Tm nhng im trn th (C) c to vi honh v tung u l s nguyn.
--- HT---

GII BI TP TNH NG BIN V NGHCH BIN

Bi 1. Tm m y

mx 2 6m 5 x 2 1 3m
nghch bin trn [1, )
x 1

2
Gii: Hm s nghch bin trn [1, ) y mx 2mx2 7 0 x 1
x 1

mx 2 2mx 7 0 m x 2 2 x 7 x 1 u x
u x

7 m x 1 Min u x m . Ta c:
x 1
x 2 2x

7 2x 2
0 x 1
( x 2 2 x) 2

u(x) ng bin trn [1, ) m Min u x u 1 7

3

x 1

Bi 2. Tm m y 1 x 3 m 1 x 2 m 3 x 4 ng bin trn (0, 3)

3

Gii. Hm s tng trn (0,3) y x 2 2 m 1 x m 3 0 x 0,3 (1)

Do y x lin tc ti x 0 v x 3 nn (1) y 0 x[0, 3]
2
m 2 x 1 x 2 2 x 3 x 0, 3 g x x 2 x 3 m x 0, 3

2x 1

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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
2
Max g x m . Ta c: g x 2 x 2 x 2 8 0 x 0,3
x 0,3
2 x 1
g(x) ng bin trn [0, 3] m Max g x g 3 12
x 0,3
7

Bi 3. Tm m y m x 3 m 1 x 2 3 m 2 x 1 ng bin trn 2,
3
3

Gii: Hm s tng / 2, y mx 2 2 m 1 x 3 m 2 0 x 2 (1)

2
m x 1 2 2 x 6 x 2 g x

2 x 6

x 1 2 2

m x 2

Ta c: g x 2 2x 6 x 32 0
( x 2 x 3)

3 6

g x

g x

23

+
0

CT

x x1 3 6
; lim g x 0

x x 2 3 6 x
T BBT Max g x g 2 2 m .
x 2
3
Bi 4. Cho hm s y 1 m 1 x 3 2m 1 x 2 3m 2 x m .
3

Tm m khong nghch bin ca hm s c di bng 4

Gii. Xt y m 1 x 2 2 2m 1 x 3m 2 0 . Do 7m 2 m 3 0 nn y 0 c 2 nghim x1 x 2 .
Khong nghch bin ca hm s c di bng 4 y 0; x x1 ; x 2 ; x 2 x1 4 m 1 0 v x 2 x1 4 . Ta
c
2

x 2 x1 4 16 x 2 x1 x 2 x1 4 x 2 x1
2

2
4 2 m 1
4 3m 2

2
m 1
m 1

4 m 1 2m 1 3m 2 m 1

3m 2 7 m 1 0 m

7 61
kt hp vi m 1 0 suy ra m 7 61
6
6

GII BI TP CC TR
Bi 3: Tm m f x x 3 mx 2 7 x 3 c ng thng i qua C, CT vung gc vi y 3x 7.
Gii: Hm s c C, CT f x 3x 2 2mx 7 0 c 2 nghim phn bit m 2 21 0 m 21 . Thc
hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
f x 1 3x m f x 2 21 m 2 x 3 7 m
9

Vi m 21 th phng trnh f x 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x1, x2 v hm s y f (x) t cc tr ti x1, x2. Ta c:

f x1 f x 2 0 suy ra
y1 f x1 2 21 m 2 x1 3 7 m ; y 2 f x 2 2 21 m 2 x 2 3 7 m
9
9
9
9
2
ng thng i qua C, CT l (): y 2 21 m x 3 7 m
9
9

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N TP THI I HC, CH HM S
Ta c () y 3x 7 2 21 m 2 .3 1 m 2 45 21 m 3 10
9

Bi 4: Tm m hm s f x x 3 3x 2 m 2 x m c cc i, cc tiu i xng nhau qua (): y 1 x 5

2

Gii: Hm s c C, CT f x 3 x 2 6 x m 2 0 c 2 nghim phn bit

9 3m 2 0 m 3 . Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
2
f x 1 x 1 f x 2 m 2 3 x m m
3
3
3
Vi m 3 th phng trnh f x 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x1, x2 v hm s y f (x) t cc tr ti x1, x2. Ta c:
f x1 f x 2 0 nn

2
2
y1 f x1 2 m 2 3 x1 m m ; y 2 f x 2 2 m 2 3 x 2 m m
3
3
3
3
2
2
m
2
ng thng i qua C, CT l (d): y m 3 x
m.
3
3
Cc im cc tr A x1 , y1 , B x 2 , y 2 i xng nhau qua : y 1 x 5
2
2
x1 x 2
(d) () ti trung im I ca AB (*) . Ta c x I
1 suy ra
2
2 m 2 3 1 1
3
2
m 0
(*)

m0

2
2 m 2 3 1 m m 1 1 5
m m 1 0
3
3
2
2

Bi 5: Tm m hm s y x 4 2m 2 x 2 1 c 3 im cc tr l 3 nh ca mt tam gic vung cn

Gii. Hm s c 3 cc tr y 4 x x 2 m 2 0 c 3 nghim phn bit m 0 , khi th c 3 im cc tr l

A 0,1 ; B m,1 m 4 , C m,1 m 4 . Do y l hm chn nn YCBT AB. AC 0 m 1

Bi 6. Tm m f x x 4 2mx 2 2m m4 c C, CT lp thnh tam gic u.

Gii. f x 4 x 3 4mx 4 x x 2 m . Ta c: f x 0 x 0 x 2 m .
hm s c C, CT f x 0 c 3 nghim phn bit m > 0
3 nghim l: x1 m ; x 2 0 ; x 3 m 3 im C, CT l:
A m , m 4 m 2 2m ; B 0, m 4 2m ; C m , m 4 m 2 2m

AB BC m m 4 ; AC 2 m .
A, B, C lp thnh tam gic u

x1
x
f
0

th AB BC AC

m m4 2 m

m m 4 4m m 4 3m m 3 3

0
0
B
C

A
CT

x3

0 +

C
CT

GII BI TP TP TIP TUYN

Bi 2:
Tip tuyn ct 2 trc ta to thnh mt tam gic cn nn h s gc ca tip tuyn l k 1 . Gi

M x0 ; y0 C

l tip im

F:\05_HAMSO\ On tap thi DH phan HS.doc

10

N TP THI I HC, CH HM S

k 1
- Nu

2 x0 1

Vi

Vi

k 1
- Nu

1 2 x0 1 3 x0

1 3
2

x0

1 3
1 3
y0

2
2
tip tuyn l: y x 1 3

x0

1 3
1 3
y0

2
2
tip tuyn l: y x 1 3

2 x0 1

1 2 x0 1 3
: V nghim

Vy c 2 tip tuyn tha mn bi ton l: y x 1 3 v y x 1 3

GII BI TON TNG GIAO
Cu 9: Cho hm s y

x 1
(C). Tm m (C) ct ng thng d m : y mx 2m 1 ti 2 im phn
2x 1

bit A, B sao cho:

c) Tip tuyn ti A, B vung gc vi nhau.

S: m

d) Tha mn iu kin 4OA.OB 5

S: m = 1/2, m = - 3/4
Gii:

Xt phng trnh honh giao im:

x 1
1
mx 2m 1 f x mx 2 5m 1 x 2m 2 0 vi x
2x 1
2

C ct dm

ti 2 im phn bit A, B f x 0 c 2 nghim phn bit khc

m 0

m 0
17 m2 2m 9 0
m 6 (*)

f 1 1 m 3 0
4
2
2

a.

H s gc ca tip tuyn ti A. B ln lt l:

k A y ' xA

F:\05_HAMSO\ On tap thi DH phan HS.doc

2 xA 1

; k B y ' xB

11

2 xB 1

1
2

N TP THI I HC, CH HM S

k A .k B

3
2

2 x A 1 2 xB 1

0 nn hai tip tuyn ti A, B khng th vung

gc vi nhau. Vy khng tn ti m tho mn bi ton.

b. Gi x1; x2 l 2 nghim ca f(x). Gi s A x1 ; mx1 2 m 1 ; B x2 ; mx2 2m 1

5m 1

1
2

m
Theo viet ta c:
x x 2m 2
1 2
m
C:

5
4OA.OB 5 OA.OB 0
4

x1 x2 mx1 2m 1 mx2 2m 1

5
0
4
2

m2 1 x1 x2 m 2m 1 x1 x2 2m 1

5
0
4
2

m2 1 2m 2 m 2m 1 5m 1 m 2m 1
3
0
4
3
2
2m 1 m 0
4

1
3
m m
2
4
4 m3 m 2 2 m

F:\05_HAMSO\ On tap thi DH phan HS.doc

12

5
0
4

1 3

2 4

p s: m ;