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EUROCODE3:DesignofSteelStructures
PART13 DesignofColdformedSteelStructures
ProfessorD.eng. DanDUBINA
Politehnica UniversityTimisoara
Romania
ColdformedSteelDesign
ColdformedSteelDesign
Eurocode 3:DesignofSteelStructures
Part13 DesignofColdformedSteelStructures
ProfessorDanDubina
ColdformedSteelDesign
Introduction
Typesofcoldformedsteelsections
Peculiarcharacteristicsofcoldformedsteelsections
Peculiarproblemsofcoldformedsteeldesign
Basisofdesign
MainApplicationsofColdFormedSteelSections
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
General
Collectionofdifferentcoldformedsteel Collectionofdifferentcoldformed
sectionsshapes(Trebilcock,1994)
steelsectionsshapes
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Typesofcoldformedsteelsections
Typicalformsofsectionsforcoldformedstructuralmembers
Openbuiltupsections
Closedbuiltupsections
Singleopensections
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Typesofcoldformedsteelsections
Profiledsheetsandlineartrayssections
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Typesofcoldformedsteelsections
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Advantages
AdvantagesInBuildingConstructions(WeiWenYu,2000)
Ascomparedwiththickerhotrolledshapes,coldformedlightmemberscan
bemanufacturedforrelativelylightloadsand/orshortspans;
Unusualsectionalconfigurationscanbeproducedeconomicallybycold
formingoperations,andconsequentlyfavourable strengthtoweightratios
canbeobtained;
Nestable sectionscanbeproduced,allowingforcompactpackagingand
shipping;
Loadcarryingpanelanddeckscanprovideusefulsurfaceforfloor,roof,and
wallconstruction,andinothercasestheycanalsoprovideenclosedcellsfor
electricalandotherconduits;
Loadcarryingpanelsanddecksnotonlywithstandloadsnormaltotheir
surfaces,buttheycanalsoactassheardiaphragmstoresistforceintheir
ownpanelsiftheyareadequatelyinterconnectedtoeachotherandto
supportingmembers.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Advantages
AdvantagesofUsingColdFormedSteelSections
Lightness;
Highstrengthandstiffness;
Abilitytoprovidelongspans;
Easyprefabricationandmassproduction;
Fastandeasyerectionandinstallation;
Substantialeliminationofdelayduetotheweather;
Moreaccuratedetailing;
Nonshrinkingandnoncreepingatambienttemperatures;
Formworkunneeded;
Termiteproofandratproof;
Uniformquality;
Economyintransportationandhandling;
Noncombustibility;
Recyclablematerial.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Manufacturingtechnologies
START
Rollforming;
Folding;
Pressbraking
1
Flat sheet
Finished
section
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Manufacturingtechnologies
Rollforming;
Folding;
Pressbraking
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
Manufacturingtechnologies
Rollforming;
Folding;
Pressbraking
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
Themostimportantpropertiesofsteel:
Yieldpointandyieldstrength
Tensilestrength
Stressstraincharacteristics
Modulusofelasticity,
tangentmodulusand
shearmodulus
Ductility
Weldability
Fatigueresistance
Toughness
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
ImperfectionsinThinWalledColdFormedSteelMembers
mecanical
Loadingeccentricities
Supporteccentricities
IMPERFECTIONS
material
Formingprocess
Yieldingstrength
Residualstresses
Local (sectional)
geometric
Global (member)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
EffectofStrainHardeningandStrainAgingonStressStrain Characteristics
Increase in F y
Increase in F u
Strain aging
D
A
Strain aging
C
A
Strain
hardening
Ductility after
strain aging
B
C
Ductility after
strain hardening
Virgin ductility
Strain
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
IncreaseoftheYieldStrengthandUltimateStrengthDuetoColdForming
Forming method
Cold rolling
Corner
Flange
Yield strength
fy
Ultimate strength
fu
Forming method
Press bracking
Corner
Flange
Yield strength
fy
Ultimate strength
fu
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
MeasuredResidualStressesforColdFormed SteelSections
(Rondal etal.,1994)
Membraneresidualstresses(rm)
Flexuralresidualstresses(rf)
thickness
+
+
bending/flexural
=
+
membraneout
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
FlexuralResidualStressesObtainedatthePOLITEHNICAUniversityof
Timisoara
Schafer and Pekoz
27%
23%
39%
27%
23%
25%
14%
12%
33%
8%
(a) Roll-Formed
24%
39%
17%
17%
15%
24%
26%
12%
(b) Press-Braked
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarCharacteristicsofColdFormedSteelSections
TypeandMagnitudeofResidualStressInSteelSections
Formingmethod
Membrane
residualstresses(srm)
Flexuralresidual
stresses(srf)
Hotrolling
Coldforming
Coldrolling Pressbraking
high
low
low
low
high
low
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Bucklingstrengthwithrespectto:
Localbuckling
Distortionalbuckling
Globalbuckling
Shearbuckling
local
distortional
Sectionalbuckling
flexural
torsional flexuraltorsional
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Bucklingmodesforalippedchannelincompression
Singlemodes:
(a) local(L);
(b) distortional(D);
(c) flexural(F);
(d) torsional(T);
(e) flexuraltorsional(FT).
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Coupled(interactive)modes:
(f)L+D;
(g)F+L;
(h)F+D;
(i)FT+L;
(j)FT+D;
(k)F+FT
f)g)h)i)j)k)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Bucklingstrengthversushalfwavelengthforalippedchannelin
compression(Hancock,2001)
800
Local mode
Distorsional mode
700
600
Timoshenko FlexuralTorsional Buckling
500
400
A
B
300
All modes (coupled) buckling curve
200
65mm
100
C
Flexural-Torsional
mode
280mm
0
10
100
1000
10000
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Behaviour ofcompressionbar
(a)slendertickwalled(hotrolledsection)
(b)thinwalled(coldformedsection)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
FailureModeofaLippedChannelInCompression
(Ungureanu&Dubina,2004)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Effectoflocalbucklingonthemembercapacity
N=N/Npl
(Npl=Afy)
NE (Euler)
Erosion due to
imperfections
+
local buckling effect
Erosion due to
imperfections
1.0
N=Aeff/A<1
0.2
1.0
2.0
Bar slenderness ( )
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
ErosionConcept Erosionlevels
Load
Ncr
mode 1
mode 2
Eroziune
maxim,
Nu
Coupling point
Nu=Ncr
mod real
Thin walled
members
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
ErosionConcept Erosionlevels
Nu
N cr
ideal
actual
weakerosion
1.00
0.75
moderateerosion
0.50
importanterosion
veryimportant
erosion
Nu=Ncr
I: Weak interaction (WI), 0.1
II: Moderate interaction (MI), 0.1 0.3
III: Strong interaction (SI), 0.3 0.5
IV: Very Strong interaction (VSI), >0.5
Thin walled
members
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Torsionalrigidity
e
ncrcare
(P)
Centru
tiere
Centru
greutate
Reducedtorsionalstiffeness
Deplasarea centrului
de tiere din
ncovoiere
Rsucire
ncrcare axial
n centrul de
greutate
Flambaj prin
ncovoiere
Flambaj prin
ncovoiere-rsucire
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
WebCrippling(CriticalProblems)
Incoldformedsteeldesign,itisoftennotpracticaltoprovideloadbearing
andendbearingstiffeners.Thisisalwaysthecaseincontinuoussheetingand
deckingspanningseveralsupportpoints.
Thedepthtothicknessratiosofthewebsofcoldformedmembersare
usuallylargerthanhotrolledstructuralmembers.
Inmanycases,thewebsareinclinedratherthanvertical.
Theintermediateelementbetweentheflange,onwhichtheloadisapplied,
andthewebofacoldformedmemberusuallyconsistsofabendoffinite
radius.Hencetheloadisappliedeccentricallyfromtheweb.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
WebCrippling(CriticalProblems)
Incoldformedsteeldesign,itisoftennotpracticaltoprovideloadbearing
andendbearingstiffeners.Thisisalwaysthecaseincontinuoussheetingand
deckingspanningseveralsupportpoints.
Thedepthtothicknessratiosofthewebsofcoldformedmembersare
usuallylargerthanhotrolledstructuralmembers.
Inmanycases,thewebsareinclinedratherthanvertical.
Theintermediateelementbetweentheflange,onwhichtheloadisapplied,
andthewebofacoldformedmemberusuallyconsistsofabendoffinite
radius.Hencetheloadisappliedeccentricallyfromtheweb.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
WebCrippling(CriticalProblems)
Incoldformedsteeldesign,itisoftennotpracticaltoprovideloadbearing
andendbearingstiffeners.Thisisalwaysthecaseincontinuoussheetingand
deckingspanningseveralsupportpoints.
Thedepthtothicknessratiosofthewebsofcoldformedmembersare
usuallylargerthanhotrolledstructuralmembers.
Inmanycases,thewebsareinclinedratherthanvertical.
Theintermediateelementbetweentheflange,onwhichtheloadisapplied,
andthewebofacoldformedmemberusuallyconsistsofabendoffinite
radius.Hencetheloadisappliedeccentricallyfromtheweb.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Connections(UsualTypes)
bolting
blindrivets
selfdrillingscrews
selftappingscrews
firedpins
arcwelding
ConnectionsTypology(basedonthematerial)
metaltometalconnections
metaltosheathing(woodbasedandgypsumbasedsheathings)connections
metaltoconcreteconnections.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
ConnectionsTypology(clasification basedonthetypology)
screws
pins
nails
bolts
welding
blindrivets
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Connections SpecialTypesofConnections
(Rosettesystem)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
DuctilityandPlasticDesign
Moment
Mpl
Mel
2
3
4
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion
Mainfactorsgoverningthecorrosionresistance:
corrosionmediumrisk;
typeandthicknessofprotectivetreatment.
Cold-formed steel has the advantage that the protective coatings can be
applied to the strip during manufacture and before roll forming.
MainTypes ofProtections:
Metalcoating;
Paintcoating
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion maintypesofprotections:
MetalCoating
Usually,steelprofilesarehotdipgalvanizedwith275gramofzincper
squaremeter(Zn275),correspondingtoazincthicknessof20 mon
eachside.
Estimateddurabilityisaround100years.
Hotdipgalvanized
Aluminiumzinc
100%zinc
55%aluminium
43,4%zinc
1,6%silicon
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion maintypesofprotections:
MetalCoating
Aluzink threemetals onematerial!
Protective
very thin not
visual
aluminium
oxide/ zinc
carbonate layer
(a number of
molecule layers
thickness)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion maintypesofprotections:
MetalCoating
Aluzink threemetals onematerial!
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion maintypesofprotections:
PaintCoating
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
PeculiarProblemsofColdFormedSteelDesign
Corrosion maintypesofprotections:
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Generalities
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
LimitStateDesign>EN1990(CEN,2002a)
Alltheseparateconditionsthatmakeastructureunfitforusearetakeninto
account.Thesearetheseparatelimitstates;
Thedesignisbasedontheactualbehaviour ofmaterialsandperformanceof
structuresandmembersinservice;
Ideally,designshouldbebasedonstatisticalmethodswithasmall
probabilityofthestructurereachingalimitstate.
ULS SpecificThinWalledIssues
localinstabilityandstrengthofsections
interactiveinstabilityandinfluence
ofspecificimperfection
connectingtechnologyandrelateddesignprocedures
reducedcapacitywithreferencetoductility,
plasticdesignandseismicresistance
fireresistance
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
ActionsonStructures.CombinationsofActions
(EN1991)
VerificationattheUltimateLimitState
VerificationattheServiceabilityLimitState
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
ActionsonStructures.CombinationsofActions(EN1991)
VerificationattheUltimateLimitState
VerificationattheServiceabilityLimitState
safetyfactorsaccordingtoEN1990(asforhotrolledsteel)
factors:
M0 resistanceofcrosssectionstoexcessiveyieldingincluding
localanddistortionalbuckling
M1 resistanceofmembersandsheetingwherefailureiscaused
byglobalbuckling
M2 resistanceofnetsectionsatfastenerholes
Recommendedvalues
(EN1993 1 3)
M0 =1.0
M1 =1.0
M2 =1.25
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Materials(EN199313)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Materials(EN199313)
propertiesofcoldformedsectionsandsheeting
modificationofthestressstraincurveofthesteel(increaseoftheyield
strengthisduetostrainhardening,theincreaseoftheultimatestrength
isrelatedtostrainaging)
coiling,uncoiling,coldreducingandthecoldformingprocess
usedfor
crosssectionresistanceofanaxiallyloadedtensionmember
bucklingresistanceofmemberswithfullyeffectivecrosssection
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
determinethedistributionoftheinternalforcesandthecorresponding
deformationsinastructuresubjectedtoaspecifiedloading
globalanalysisofframesisconductedonamodelbasedonmany
assumptionsincludingthoseforthestructuralmodel,thegeometricand
materialbehaviour ofthestructure,ofitssections/membersand
joints.
(1)Firstorderelasticanalysis;
(2)Secondorderelasticanalysis;
(3)Elasticperfectlyplasticanalysis(Secondordertheory);
(4)Elastoplasticanalysis(secondordertheory);
(5)Rigidplasticanalysis(firstordertheory)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
firstorderanalysismaybeusedforthestructure,iftheincreaseofthe
relevantinternalforcesormomentsoranyotherchangeofstructural
behaviour causedbydeformationscanbeneglected.
forelasticanalysis
Whenaframeisanalysed usinganelasticmethod,theinplanesecond
ordereffectscanbeallowedforbyusing:
a)firstorderanalysis,amplifiedswaymomentmethod;
b)firstorderanalysis,Iterativemethod;
c)firstorderanalysis,withswaymodebucklinglength.
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
guidancecanbefoundinAnnexCofEN199315
TheFEmodelling maybecarriedouteitherfor:
(1)thecomponentasawhole
(2)asubstructureasapartofthewholestructure.Also,designof
membersanddetailscanbeassistedbynumericalsimulations(e.g.
numericaltesting).
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
MethodsofAnalysisandDesign
Methodsofanalysis Globalframeanalysis
FiniteElementMethods(FEM)foranalysisanddesign
Designassistedbytesting
guidancecanbefoundinAnnexCofEN199315
TheFEmodelling maybecarriedouteitherfor:
(1)thecomponentasawhole
(2)asubstructureasapartofthewholestructure.Also,designof
membersanddetailscanbeassistedbynumericalsimulations(e.g.
numericaltesting).
Loaddisplacementcurvesfoundusingdifferent
analysesofthesamestructure(Rotter,2011)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Designassistedbytesting maybeundertakenunderanyofthe
followingcircumstances:
ifthepropertiesofthesteelareunknown;
ifitisdesiredtotakeaccountoftheactualpropertiesofthecoldformed
memberorsheet;
ifadequateanalyticalproceduresarenotavailablefordesigninga
componentbycalculationalone;
ifrealisticdatafordesigncannototherwisebeobtained;
ifitisdesiredtochecktheperformanceofanexistingstructureorstructural
component;
ifitisdesiredtobuildanumberofsimilarstructuresorcomponentsonthe
basisofaprototype;
ifconfirmationofconsistencyofproductionisrequired;
ifitisdesiredtodeterminetheeffectsofinteractionwithotherstructural
components;
ifitisdesiredtodeterminetheeffectsofthelateralortorsionalrestraint
suppliedbyothercomponents;
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Designassistedbytesting maybeundertakenunderanyofthe
followingcircumstances:
ifitisdesiredtoprovethevalidityandadequacyofananalyticalprocedure;
ifitisdesiredtoproduceresistancetablesbasedontests,orona
combinationoftestingandanalysis;
ifitisdesiredtotakeintoaccountpracticalfactorsthatmightalterthe
performanceofastructure,butarenotaddressedbytherelevantanalysis
methodfordesignbycalculation.
ECCSNo1242008:Testingofconnectionswithmechanicalfastenersin
sheetingandSections
ECCSno.1272009TestinganddesignoffasteningsinSandwichpanels
En151292009:Steelstaticstoragesystems Adjustablepalletracking
systems
EN1990,AnnexD:designassistedbytesting(reliabilityandstrength)
Backgroundandpeculiarities
Introduction
BasisofDesign
Designassistedbytesting maybeundertakenunderanyofthe
followingcircumstances:
ifitisdesiredtoprovethevalidityandadequacyofananalyticalprocedure;
ifitisdesiredtoproduceresistancetablesbasedontests,orona
combinationoftestingandanalysis;
ifitisdesiredtotakeintoaccountpracticalfactorsthatmightalterthe
performanceofastructure,butarenotaddressedbytherelevantanalysis
methodfordesignbycalculation.
ColdformedSteelDesign
Eurocode 3:DesignofSteelStructures
Part13 DesignofColdformedSteelStructures
Resistanceofsections
Resistanceofsections
ResistanceofCrossSection
General
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
Nominaldimensionsandidealisation
ERRORS
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
DimensionallimitsofcomponentwallsofCFS
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
DimensionallimitsofcomponentwallsofCFS
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
DimensionallimitsofcomponentwallsofCFS
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
DimensionallimitsofcomponentwallsofCFS
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Propertiesofgrosscrosssection
Modellingofcrosssectionforanalysis
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Flangecurling
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Flangecurling
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ShearLag
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Sectionalbucklingmodesinthinwalledsections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Elasticbucklingofthinplates
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Elasticbucklingofthinplates
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Elasticbucklingofthinplates
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Elasticbucklingofthinplates
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
LocalBuckling
Elasticbucklingofthinplates
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Distortionalbuckling:analyticalmethods
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
Distortionalbuckling:analyticalmethods
ThemethodgiveninEN199313:2006
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
General
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithoutstiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithoutstiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithoutstiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithoutstiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithoutstiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgeorintermediatestiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgeorintermediatestiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgeorintermediatestiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgeorintermediatestiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgestiffeners conditions
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgestiffeners generalprocedure
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgestiffeners generalprocedure
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgestiffeners generalprocedure
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Planeelementswithedgestiffeners generalprocedure
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Calculationofeffectivesectionpropertiesforcoldformedsteel
sectionsundercompressionorbending FlowChart
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
General(iterative)procedure FlowChart
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
EXAMPLE1:Calculationofeffectivesectionpropertiesforacold
formedlippedchannelsectioninbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
EXAMPLE1:Calculationofeffectivesectionpropertiesforacold
formedlippedchannelsectioninbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Checkingofgeometricalproportions
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Grosscrosssectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE1:CFSinbending
Effectivesectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
EXAMPLE2:Calculationofeffectivesectionpropertiesforacold
formedlippedchannelsectionincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
EXAMPLE2:Calculationofeffectivesectionpropertiesforacold
formedlippedchannelsectionincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Checkingofgeometricalproportions
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Grosscrosssectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheflangeandlipincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionpropertiesoftheweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
EXAMPLE2:CFSincompression
Effectivesectionproperties
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
DesignAgainstLocalandDistortionalBuckling(EN199313)
Trapezoidalsheetingprofileswithintermediatestiffeners
Webswithuptotwointermediatestiffeners
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
General
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Axialtension
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections Axialtension
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberintension
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections Axialtension
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberintension
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections Axialtension
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberintension
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections Axialtension
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberintension
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Axialcompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Axialcompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Axialcompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections AxialCompression
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections AxialCompression
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections AxialCompression
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections AxialCompression
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections AxialCompression
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberincompression
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
BendingMoment Effectsofshearlag
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
TorsionalMoments
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
TorsionalMoments
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
TorsionalMoments
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections BendingMoment
Example Designofacoldformedsteelmemberinbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces General
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces
Crosssectionswithtwoormoreunstiffenedwebs
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces
Crosssectionswithtwoormoreunstiffenedwebs
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces Crosssectionswithasingleunstiffenedweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces Crosssectionswithasingleunstiffenedweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
LocalTransverseForces Crosssectionswithasingleunstiffenedweb
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Combinedtensionandbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Combinedtensionandbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Combinedcompressionandbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofawallstudincompressionanduniaxialbending
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Combinedshearforce,axialforceandbendingmoment
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example DesignofaZpurlinwithboltedlappedconnections.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Combinedbendingmomentandlocalloadorsupportreaction
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
Resistanceofsections
BehaviourandResistanceofCrossSection
ResistanceofCrossSections
Example Designofasteelroofsheetingunderverticalloads.
ColdformedSteelDesign
Eurocode 3:DesignofSteelStructures
Part13 DesignofColdformedSteelStructures
Resistanceofmembers
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
General
Compressionmembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Designofbeamsatserviceabilitylimitstates
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Imperfectmember
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Imperfectmember
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling DirectStrengthMethod
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling DirectStrengthMethod
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling DirectStrengthMethod
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling ECBLapproach
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling ECBLapproach
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Theoreticalbackground Class4sections:localglobalinteractive
buckling ECBLapproach
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingresistanceofuniformmembersincompression.
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingresistanceofuniformmembersincompression.
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingresistanceofuniformmembersincompression.
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Flexuralbuckling
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingresistanceofuniformmembersincompression.
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
TorsionalandFlexuralTorsionalbuckling
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingresistanceofuniformmembersincompression.
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
TorsionalandFlexuralTorsionalbuckling
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Example Designofaninternalwallstudincompression
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Lateraltorsionalbucklingofmemberssubjecttobending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Lateraltorsionalbucklingofmemberssubjecttobending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
DesignaccordingtoEN199313
Simplifiedassessmentmethodsforbeamswithrestraintsinbuilding
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingstrengthofbendingmembers
Example Designofancoldformedsteelbeaminbending
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Compressionmembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
Theoreticalbackground
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Generalmethodforlateralandlateraltorsionalbucklingofstructural
components
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Generalmethodforlateralandlateraltorsionalbucklingofstructural
components
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Generalmethodforlateralandlateraltorsionalbucklingofstructural
components
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Generalmethodforlateralandlateraltorsionalbucklingofstructural
components
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Bucklingofmembersinbendingandaxialcompression
DesignofbeamcolumnsaccordingtoEN199311andEN199313
Generalmethodforlateralandlateraltorsionalbucklingofstructural
components
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
General.Constructionaldetailingandstaticsystem
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
General.Constructionaldetailingandstaticsystem
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
General.Constructionaldetailingandstaticsystem
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
Modelingofbeamsheetinginteraction
Resistanceofmembers
Behaviour andDesignResistanceofBarMembers
Beamsrestrainedbysheeting
DesignofbeamsrestrainedbysheetingaccordingtoEN199313
Designcriteria
ColdformedSteelDesign
Eurocode 3:DesignofSteelStructures
Part13 DesignofColdformedSteelStructures
Conceptualdesign
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
Conceptualdesignprinciples
Designingcoldformedsteelbuildingstructuresisbasedontheconceptualframingofdesigned
conventionalsteelstructures
However,thedesignerhastomanagefourspecificcategoriesofproblemswhichcharacterise
thebehaviourandperformanceofthinwalledsectioni.e.Thesepeculiaritiesrefermainlyto:
Stabilityandlocalstrengthofsections;
Connectingtechnologyandrelateddesignprocedures;
Reducedductilitywithreferencetoductility,plasticdesignandseismicresistance;
Lowfireresistance
Ifcompareswithconventionalsteelconstruction,thefactthestructuralmembersofacold
formedsteelstructureare,ingeneral,ofclass4, involvestoworkwitheffectivecross
sectionsofmembersincompression bending.Theoverallstabilityofthesestructures,their
sensitivitytoimperfectionsandto2ndordereffectsmustcarefullycontrolledbyproper
analysesanddesign.
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
Introduction
CaseStudies StructuralPerformances
HallTypeModularSystem(HTMS) POPETHall
Conceptualdesign
Designexample
Zroofpurlinsdesign
Overlapdistances
Staticsystem
Conceptualdesign
Designexample
Zroofpurlinsdesign
Overlapdistances
Designedfor(loadanddeformation)
Corrugatedsheetinside outside(pressure andsuction)
Corrugatedsheetoutside(pressure,gravitational)
Corrugatedsheetoutside (suction)
AlloweddeflectionL/200
Alloweddeflection L/300
Conceptualdesign
Designexample
Zroofpurlinsdesign
Initialdata
Loadonpurlin
Span
Structuralsystem
5kN/m gravitationalload
2kN/m suction
5m
5
Conceptualdesign
Designexample
Zroofpurlinsdesign
Initialdata
Loadonpurlin
Span
Structuralsystem
Analysistype
5kN/m gravitationalload
2kN/m suction
5m
5
2,3,5
Designedfor(loadanddeformation)
Corrugatedsheetinside outside(pressure andsuction)
Corrugatedsheetoutside(pressure,gravitational)
Corrugatedsheetoutside (suction)
AlloweddeflectionL/200
Alloweddeflection L/300
Conceptualdesign
Designexample
Zroofpurlinsdesign
Initialdata
Loadonpurlin
Span
Structuralsystem
Analysistype
5kN/m gravitationalload
2kN/m suction
5m
5
2,3,5