Bo v thc vt bng

chit xut thc vt

( theo OISAT)!

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Trang

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Quy trnh chun b

1 Chit xut t

Nha am/L hi

Rau qu

Cn ty

Mng cu

Ti

Gng

Bc h

10

Hng chanh/Ta t Ty

11

Bn bon

10

12

Ngh

10

13

Anh o

11

14

Xoan

12

15

Hnh c

15

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Quy trnh chun cho vic chun b v s dng cc chit xut tho mc:
1. Chn cc b phn khng nhim bnh ca cy.
2. Khi d tr tho mc cho nhng ln s dng sau, cn m bo chng c
lm kh hon ton v tr trong cc vt cha thong kh (khng s dng
vt cha bng nha). Trnh nh nng trc tip v ni m thp. Trc khi
dng, cn m bo chng khng b mc.
3. Khng s dng cc dng c dng trong chit xut tho mc cho vic nu
n. Khng ung hoc cha nc ung trong cc thng cha hp cht.
Ra sch tt c dng c sau mi ln s dng.
4. Trnh tip xc trc tip vi cc chit xut th trong qu trnh chun b v
s dng.
5. hp cht chit xut ngoi tm vi ca tr em v vt nui khi ngm qua
m.
6. Thu hoch tri gi v chn trc khi phun thuc.
7. Lun th hp cht chit xut trn vi cy bnh trc khi s dng/phun xt
trn din rng. Dng x phng kali lm cht nh tng.
8. Mc bo h khi phun thuc.
9. Ra sch tay sau khi tip xc vi cht chit xut.

Doc0 Lu
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Nha am/L hi
Thnh phn s dng:
L, r
Phng thc hot ng:
dit u trng

Cng thc
Nguyn liu

Chun b

Cch dng

Tc dng trn

Chit xut l hi v
vitex

Gt b lp v ngoi
ca l nha am

5 k l vitex.
2 lt nc ct l l
hi
50 60 mililt x
phng
50 lt nc.
m un ln.
X.

Nghin nhuyn
lc ly nc ct.

Trn hai chit xut

li vi nhau.
Cho thm 50 lt nc
vo hn hp va
trn.

Armyworm
Hairy leaf-caterpillar
Rice leaf roller
Rice stem borer
Semi-looper

Ngm l cy vitex
vo nc v un si
trong 30 pht.

Trn vi x phng.
Phun u ln cy b
bnh.

Bacterial and fungal

diseases

ngui v lc ly
nc.

Phun vo sng sm
hoc chiu ti.

Trn chit xut l

hi vi bnh thu
du.

hn hp va trn
vo thng / chai
ming rng.

Thm nha cy
to cht dnh

t by khu vc
mun dit su.

Dung lng trn s

dng cho S canh
tc 0.4 ha.
Cht thu ht
ngi/bm m
Na lt chit xut l
hi.
1 k bnh thu du.
Thng/chai ng
ming rng.
Nha cy hoc cht
do

cc loi ngi/bm
m

Dng 6 by cho mi
na ha t canh tc.

nh hng vi con ngi:

Cn cn thn trong vic s dng nha cy v chng c th gy vim da vi nhng ngi c
da mn cm.
nh hng vi cc sinh vt khc:
Nha cy nha am gy nguy him cho ng vt

Doc1 Aloe - l hi
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Rau qu
Thnh phn s dng:
L, cng, nguyn cy
Phng thc hot ng:
Tr su rp, cn trng, c ch vic trng ca su b
(oviposition).
Cng thc
Thnh phn
Chit xut t l rau
qu
50 gram l qu
2 3 lt nc
8 12 mililt x
phng
Ci xay
X

Cch chun b
Nghin nt l.
Ngm vo trong
nc, qua m.
Lc ly nc.
Thm x phng
Khuy u

Cch s dng

Tc dng trn

Phun thuc ln cc
phn cy b nhim
bnh vo sng sm

Caterpillars
Fruit flies
Red spider mites
Red scales
Spotted leaf beetles
Fungal diseases
Nematodes

Cn ty
Thnh phn s dng:
L v ht
Phng thc hot ng :
Tr su rp
Cng thc
Nguyn liu

Phng php chun

Cch s dng
b

Tc dng trn

Thuc xt t cn ty
200 gram ht
1 lt nc
m / ni un
Chy v ci
X

Nghin ht thnh bt
un si trong 10
pht
ngui
Lc ly nc

Spider mites
Anti-fungal

Pha long chit xut

vi 2 lt nc
Phun thuc ln cy
bnh vo sng sm

nh hng vi con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn
cm, nn cn thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng vi cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng.

Doc2-3 Basil-rau qu Coriander-cn ty

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t
Thnh phn s dng:
Nguyn tri v ht
Phng thc hot ng:
tr su rp, cn trng
Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Thuc tr su a nng
1 mung c ph bt t
1 c ti
1 c hnh nh
1 lt nc
1 mung canh x phng
Dao
lc
Chu/x
Thuc xt lm t t
4 chn t chn hoc 5
chn ht t
30 gram x phng
m/ni un
lc
t v l xoan
10 20 tri t
2 2.5 kg l xoan ti
21 lt nc
2 mung canh x phng
bt
Chy, ci
Chu / x
t v ht xoan
12 tri t xt nhuyn
200 gram ht xoan kh
lt v
4 lt nc
Chu / x
Ci xay
Dao
t, mng cu v xoan
25 gram tri t kh
100 gram l mng cu
50 gram tri xoan nghin
nhuyn
20 mililt x phng
My xay
L / chai ming rng
X

Cch thc chun b

Xt nh hnh v ti
Thm bt t
Trn hn hp trn vi nc
Ngm trong vng 1 gi
Lc ly nc
Thm x phng
Khuy u
Dng m/ni un si tri t hoc
ht t trong khong 15 20 pht
Tt la v thm vo 3 lt nc
ngui v lc ly nc
Thm x phng
Khuy u.
Gi nhuyn t v l xoan
Thm vo 1 lt nc
Ngm hn hp 1 m
Lc ly nc

Xay nhuyn ht xoan ri ngm ht

xoan qua m
Thm t xt nhuyn
Lc ly nc
Nghin nt t kh, ngm trong 100
mililt nc, qua m.
Ngm bt tri xoan trong 200 mililt
nc, qua m
Ngy hm sau lc ly chit xut
Xay nhuyn l mng cu
Thm 500 mililt nc
Lc ly nc
Trn u 3 loi chit xut vi nhau

Cch s dng
Phun thuc u ln
cy
Trng hp khng c
bnh phun, dng chi
rm mm qut hn
hp ln phn cy b
bnh.
Phun thuc lp li khi
cn thit

Phun thuc ln cy b
nhim bnh

Tc dng trn

Cc loi n l

Ants
Aphids
Caterpillars
Flies
Mealybugs

Thm 20L nc v
x phng bt vo
phn dung dch lc Armyworm
Khuy u
Whitefly
Phun u thuc ln
Mosaic virus
cy bnh vo sng
sm hoc chiu ti.

dung dch vo
bnh phun
Phun u ln ton b
cy bnh

Thm 5 -6 lt nc
vo phn hn hp
trn
Thm x phng
Khuy u
Phun u ln phn
cy bnh vo sng
sm hoc chiu ti

Aphids
Diamondback
moth
Sucking and
chewing
insects
Whitefly

Aphids
Leafrollers
Red scales
Spotted beetles

nh hng vi con ngi:

t cay lm rt mi, mt v da.
nh hng trn cc sinh vt khc:
Nu chit xut t tp trung nhiu mt ch c th gy chy l v thm ch lm cht cy.

Doc4 Chili - t
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Mng cu
Thnh phn s dng:
R, l, qu v ht
Phng thc hot ng:
tr cn trng, su rp, lm gim kh nng n
ca su b (antifeedant)
Cng thc
Nguyn liu

Cch chun b

Chit xut l mng

cu
500 gram / na k l
mng cu ti
12 17 lt nc
X
Ra / dao
Ni / m un
lc
Chit xut ht
mng cu
Na k ht mng cu
nghin nhuyn
20 lt nc
X / chu
lc

un si l mng cu
vi 2 lt nc. Nu
sc li cn na lt.
Lc ly nc

Tc dng trn
Aphids
Brown plant hopper
Caterpillars
Dng 10 15 lt nc
pha long phn chit Coffee green scale
Cotton stainer
xut thu c.
Diamondback moth
vo bnh phun.
Grasshopper
Phun u ln cy bnh. Green bugs
Green leaf hopper
House fly

bt ht mng cu
vo nc
Ngm t 1 n 2
ngy

Phun u ln cy bnh.

Ants
Aphids

Lc ly nc.
Pha long dung dch
thu c theo t l 1
phn du 20 phn nc

Du ca ht mng
cu
Ht ca tri mng
cu cha chn
My xay/nghin
Nc
X

Cch s dng

Xay/nghin ht
ly cht du trong
ht.

Phun u ln cy bnh.
Bt ca ht mng cu
phi kh (tri mng
cu chn) c th dng
ri trc tip ln cy
bnh.

Diamondback moth
pupae

nh hng i vi con ngi:

Bt ht mng cu gy cay, rt khi tip xc vi mt.
nh hng i vi cc sinh vt khc:
Tiu hy hp l b tha trong qu trnh ch bin v chng c th c hi vi vt nui.

Doc5 Custard apple - Mng cu

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Ti
Thnh phn s dng:
ton phn (cy, c, l v hoa)
Phng thc hot ng:
Tr su rp, cn trng, giun, nm v khng sinh
Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut t c ti
85 gram ti xt
nhuyn
50 mililt du khong
(du la hoc du thc
vt)
10 mililt x phng
950 mililt nc
lc
Chai ng

Cch chun b
Trn ti vi du thc
vt.
24 gi
Thm nc v x
phng, khy u.
Cha hn hp vo
chai / l.

Chit xut t c ti

Xay / nghin nt ti

2 c ti
Vi git x phng
4 chn nc
My xay / nghin
lc
Bnh / l cha

24 gi.

Du ti
100 gram ti
2 mung canh du
khong
10.5 lt nc
10 mililt x phng
Bnh cha c np y

Thm nc v x
phng, khuy u.
Cha vo chai/l
Xt nhuyn ti
Ngm ti vo du
khong trong 1 ngy.
Thm na lt nc v
x phng
Khy u hn hp
Lc ly nc

50 mililt du ti

x phng vo du
ti
Khuy u.

950 mililt nc

Thm nc

1 mililt x phng

Tip tc khuy u.

Dung dch du ti

Cch s dng
Dng nc pha long hn
hp thu c theo t l 1
phn hn hp 19 phn nc.
V d: vi mi 50 mililt hn
hp cn dng 950 mililt
nc.
Lc u trc khi phun.
Phun u ln cy bnh, tt
nht l vo sng sm.
Pha long 1 phn hn hp
vi 9 phn nc.
Lc u trc khi phun.
Phun u ln cy bnh, tt
nht l vo sng sm.
Pha long dung dch thu
c vi 10 lt nc.
thuc vo bnh xt
Lc u du ha tan vi
chit xut.
Thnh thong lc bnh xt
du khng ni ln trn.
Phun u ln cy bnh

C tc dng trn
American bollworm
Armyworm
Cotton stainer
Onion thrips
Potato tuber moth
Root knot nematode
Sugarcane shoot borer
Bacterial diseases
Anthracnose
Downy mildew
Rice blast
Black spots
Blights
Fruit rots
Mildew
Rusts

Imported cabbage
worm
Leafhoppers
Squash bugs
Whitefly

du khng ni ln trn,
American bollworm
cn phun dung dch ngay sau
Potato tuber moth
khi trn v thnh thong lc
Rice blast
bnh xt.
Rice brown leaf spot
Root knot nematode
Phun thuc vo sng sm
hoc chiu ti.

nh hng i vi con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn cm, nn cn
thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng i vi cc sinh vt khc:
Du ti c tc dng trn nhiu loi cn trng khc nhau. Chng c th git cht c nhng cn trng c
ch. Thuc chit xut t du ti khng c khuyn co s dng git rp vng, v thuc gy hi cho
cc k th t nhin ca rp. Do vy, du ti ch nn c s dng trong gia nh hay vn cy ni him
thin ch.
Doc6 Garlic - Ti
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Gng
Thnh phn s dng:
C
Phng thc hot ng:
tr su rp, cn trng

Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut t c
gng
50 gram gng
12 mililt x phng
3 lt nc
Ci xay
lc
X
4 kg gng dng
cho 0.4 ha
Hn hp chit xut
gng, ti v t
25 gram gng
50 gram ti
25 gram t xanh
10 mililt du la
12 mililt x phng
3 lt nc
Ci xay
X
1 kg ti, na kg gng
v na kg t dng
cho 0.4 ha.
Chit xut t bt
gng
20 gram bt gng
1 lt nc
X

Cch chun b
Nghin nhuyn gng.
Trn gng nghin
vi nc
Thm x phng
Khuy u, lc ly
nc

Cch s dng
Phun u ln cy
bnh
Nu khng c bnh
phun, lm chi rm
mm qut dung dch
ln tt c phn b
bnh ca cy.

C tc dng trn

American bollworm
Aphids
Plant hoppers
Thrips
Whitefly
Root knot nematode
Brown leaf spot of
rice
Mango anthracnose
Yellow vein mosaic

Ngm ti vo du la,
qua m.
Sau , nghin nhuyn.
Trn t vi 50 mililt
nc, nghin nhuyn.
Nghin nhuyn gng.
Trn ti, t, gng
nghin nhuyn vi
nc.
Thm x phng
Lc ly nc.
Khuy u trc khi
phun.

Pha bt gng vi nc
Trn u

Aphids
Armyworm
Bollworm
Caterpillars
Xt u ln cc cy b
Fruit borer
nhim bnh
Leaf miner
Shoot borer
Thrips
Whiteflies

Phun u ln cy
bnh

Powdery mildew
Root rot
Fungal leaf blight

nh hng i vi con ngi:

Gng khng gy tc dng ph ln con ngi. Tuy nhin, t c th gy au rt cho da v mt khi
tip xc trc tip.
nh hng i vi cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng.
Doc7 Ginger - Gng
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S
Thnh phn s dng:
L, r.
Phng thc hot ng:
Tr cn trng, su rp
Cng thc:
Nguyn liu
Chit xut t cy s
50 gram bt s
2 lt nc
Chit xut t hn hp
s, t v bitterwood
Ton b cy s
t tri
L cy bitterwood
4 mililt x phng
Ci v chy
lc
cha
Chit xut t cy s,
cy hoa anh o, t,
thuc l, Tinospora
(cy k ninh)
25 kg s
25 kg l cy hoa anh
o ti
1 kg t
10 kg l thuc l
5 kg Tinospora

Cch thc chun b

Ngm bt s vo nc
trong vi gi.
Lc ly nc.
Gi nhuyn tng loi
thnh phn theo s
lng yu cu ly
chit xut.
Cn khong 5 n 7
mung canh mi loi
chit xut.

Cch s dng

C tc dng trn

Phun thuc ln rau x

Leaf blight
lch, c chua, v c
Bacticidal
rt.

Dng 4 lt nc pha
long hn hp thu
c.
Rice pests
Phun thuc u ln
cy bnh vo sng
sm hoc chiu ti.

Trn u 3 chit xut

vi nhau.

Xt nh cc nguyn
liu.
Cho nguyn liu xt
nh vo thng phuy
y nc.
trong 1 thng cho
ln men.

Dng 10 n 12 lt
nc pha long 1
lt dung dch ln
men.
Thm x phng
Khuy u
Phun u ln cy
bnh

Most agricultural
pests

Thng phuy
X phng
Dao hoc ra
nh hng ln con ngi:
Cc cht chit xut c th gy kh chu cho da mn cm hoc khi pha c. Khng vng da b tn
thng tip xc vi hp cht. Lu cc l c cnh sc c th to vt ct ging dao co trn da.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng

Doc8 Lemon grass - S

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Bc h
Thnh phn s dng:
L
Phng thc hot ng:
Chng cc bnh do vi khun gy ra.

Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut bc h
250 gram l bc h
2 lt nc
My xay
lc
X

Cch thc chun b

Xay nhuyn l bc h

Cch s dng

Thm nc.
Xt thuc u ln
o u ri s dng ngay; cy bnh.
hoc lc ly nc trong

Tc dng trn

Bacterial leaf spots

and other bacterial
diseases

Hng chanh/Ta t ty
Thnh phn s dng:
L
Phng thc hot ng:
Dit nm.

Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut l hng
chanh
5 kg l
5 lt nc
Dao
lc
X

Cch thc chun b

Cch s dng

Tc dng trn

Ra sach l ri ct nh.
Ngm nc
Lc

Xt thuc u ln
cy bnh vo sng
sm.

Early blight
Frog eye
Leaf spot
Leaf mold

nh hng ln con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn cm,
nn cn thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng
Doc9-10 Mint-Bc h Coleus-hng chanh
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10

Bn bon
Thnh phn s dng:
Ht
Phng thc hot ng:
Dit cn trng
Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut ht bn
bon
500gr ht
20 lt nc
Chy, ci
X

Cch thc chun b

Cch s dng

Tc dng trn

Gi nhuyn ht
Ngm trong nc 1 ngy
Lc

Phun ln cy b
nhim su bnh vo
sng sm.

Armyworm and
other leaf
eating caterpillars

Ngh
Thnh phn s dng:
C
Phng thc hot ng:
Dit cn trng, tr su rp, chng nm
Cng thc
Nguyn liu
20gr c ngh xt
nh.
200 ml nc tiu b.
2-3 lt nc
8-12 ml x phng
X

Cch thc
chun b

Cch s dng

Ngm c ngh
xt nh trong
nc tiu b.
Lc

Pha long hn hp
vi 2-3 lt nc.
Thm x phng.
Khuy u.
Phun u trn phn
cy b nhim su
bnh vo sng sm
hoc chiu ti.

Tc dng trn
Aphids/Rp vng
Armyworm
Cotton semi-looper
Green leafhopper
Mites/Ve
Rice leaf roller/Su cun l
Rice stem borer/Su c thn
Powdery mildew

nh hng ln con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn cm,
nn cn thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng

Doc11-12 Lansones-bn bon Turmeric-Ngh

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11

Anh o
Thnh phn s dng:
L v v cy
Phng thc hot ng:
Tr su rp, dit cn trng v ng vt gm nhm.

Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut l anh o
kg l anh o xay/gi
nt.
X/chu
lc
Anh o v xoan
1 kg l anh o
1 kg l xoan
Dao
X
lc
Nc
Anh o v t
2 kg l anh o
12 tri t
Ci xay
X
lc
Anh o, t v hnh
kg l anh o
7 tri t
3 c hnh
Ci xay
X
lc

Cch thc chun b

Cch s dng

Xay hoc gi l.
Ngm l xay/gi
qua m trong nc
Lc

Thm 20L nc
vo phn dung
dch lc.
Phun u ln cy
b nhim su bnh.

Ct nh l.
Ngm trong 5L nc
3 ngy.
Lc

Thm nc vo
dung dch lc
c 20L.
Phun ln cy b
nhim su bnh.
Phun lin tc trong
4-5 ngy.

Aphids/Rp vng
Blister beetles/b cnh cng
Fall armyworm
Termites/Mi
Whitefly/Rui trng
White grubs/B trng

Nghin nh l anh
o v t.
Ngm trong nc qua
m
Lc

Thm nc vo
dung dch lc
c 20L.
Phun ln cy b
nhim su bnh.

Bean pod weevil/Mt ht, v

u.
Various insect pests
in tomato seedlings
Nhiu loi su hi trn ging
c chua

Nghin nt tt c cc
thnh phn.
Ngm qua m trong
nc
Lc.

Thm nc vo
dung dch lc
c 20L.
Phun ln cy b
nhim su bnh.

Tc dng trn
Armyworm
Cabbage looper/Su o bp
ci
Caseworm
Tobacco budworm/Su ngn
cy thuc l.
Whorl maggots/Su xon l.

Caterpillars in tomatoes
and pepper
Cc loi su bm trn c
chua v t.

nh hng ln con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn cm, nn cn
thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng
L cy c dng lm thc n gia sc v phn bn.
Doc13 Gliricidia-Anh o
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12

Xoan
Thnh phn s dng:
L, ht
Phng thc hot ng:
Tr cn trng, su rp, khng khun, chng nm bnh, lm
gim kh nng n ca su b (antifeedant), c ch vic
trng (oviposition) v pht trin ca su b, bo qun ht cc.
Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut l xoan
1-2 kg l xoan
Chy, ci
Vi cotton qua s
dng
L ng
X phng
lc
Dy
10 12 kg l xoan
dng cho 0.4 ha

Chit xut ht xoan

3 5 kg ht xoan
Chy, ci
Vi cotton qua s
dng
L ng bng t
nung
x phng
lc
Dy

Cch thc chun b

Cch s dng

Gi nt l xoan
vo l cha

Pha long 1 lt chit xut l

xoan vi 9 lt nc.

Thm 2 4 lt nc

Thm 100 mililt x phng

Dng vi c y kn ming Khuy u

l v trong 3 ngy.
Phun thuc ln cy bnh
Lc ly chit xut.

Tch b lp v ht.
Gi nt nhn ht xoan

Pha long 1 lt chit xut ht

xoan vi 9 lt nc.

vo l cha
Thm 100 mililt x phng
Thm 10 lt nc
Khuy u
Dng vi c y k ming
Phun thuc ln cy bnh
l v trong 3 ngy.
Lc ly chit xut.

Tch b lp v v cm
Chit xut t bt
ly nhn ht.
ht xoan
Gi nhn ht sao cho cht
du khng b tit ra.
Ht xoan gi kh
phn bt va gi vo 1
Chy, ci
x nc.
X, chu ng
Trn u trong 10 pht v
Ti vi mng
ngm t nht 6 gi (nhng
lc
khng c vt qu 16
X phng (pha theo
gi). Trn ln hai trong 10
t l 5 mililt x
pht.
phng 1 lt nc)
Lc ly chit xut.
Nc
Thm x phng v khuy
u.

Tham kho Bng 1 v liu

lng bt ht xoan v t l
nc cn dng to
thuc
tr
su.
Phun u ln ton b cy
bnh.
Phun thuc vo sng sm
hoc chiu ti.

Tc dng trn
Aphids
Colorado beetles
Grasshoppers
Grubs
Japanese beetles
Leafhoppers
Locusts
Planthoppers
Scales
Snails
Thrips
Weevils
Whiteflies
Aphids
Beetles
Bugs
Grasshoppers
Grubs
Flies
Leafhoppers
Locusts
Moths
Nematodes
Planthoppers
Scales
Snails
Thrips
Weevils
Whiteflies
Cotton bollworm
Aphids
Colorado beetles
Cotton leaf roller
Cutworm
Diamondback moth
Fall armyworm
Grasshopper
Japanese beetles
Leaf miner
Leaf hopper
Locust
Mexican bean beetle
Whiteflies

bt ht xoan nghin Tham kho Bng 2 v liu Aphids

nhuyn vo trong chu.
lng du ht xoan v t Brown planthopper
5 kg bt ht xoan nc nng t t vo l nc cn dng.
Flea beetle
Du ht xoan

13

nghin nhuyn
1/2 lt nc nng
X phng
Chu ng

chu cho n khi bt c th

nho c.Nho nn hn Trn du xoan vi x phng
hp n khi thu c du.
trc khi thm nc.
Khuy u du khng b
S thu c khong 650 tch ring khi nc.
750 mililt du t lng hn hp vo bnh phun
(loi eo trn lng).
bt trn.
Phun u ln cy bnh

Leafhopper
Potato tuber moth
Psyllid
Scale insects
Whitefly
Whorl maggot

Cy xoan v tc dng phng su bnh

1. Nghin nhuyn l, ht hoc bnh xoan. bt vo ni t. Cho gp i lng nc v y k ming
ni. ngm trong 3 ngy.
Khi s dng, chia nh phn chit xut lc thnh 4 phn (hoc nhiu hn); v cha ring trong cc
l rng ming. Vo ban m, t cc l ny nhng v tr chin lc trong rung ui cc loi
su b gy hi ban m. Mi ca chit xut xua ui cn trng ra khi rung.
2. Dng ti ay/ci ng bnh xoan. t cc ti ny dc theo cc rch nc. Cc bnh xoan tan trong
nc v (tri theo rch nc) vo rung gip ngn chn s tn cng ca su b v cc loi bnh r
v chi r.
Lu :
1. Mu chit xut ht xoan (lm ng cch) l trng sa, khng phi mu nu. Nu gi ht xoan cn
nguyn v, phi dng lng ht gp ri s lng ht xoan khng v.
2. Quan trng l phi thm x phng vo du xoan trc khi pha vi nc. Sau khi pha xong phi s
dng ngay; nu khng cc ht du s bt u ni ln mt nc. Nn dng loi bnh phun eo trn vai
phun du xoan v loi bnh ny gip trn u cht chit xut trong qu trnh phun.
3. 3 cng thc chit xut trn c th s dng kim sot cc loi bnh do nm bao gm c nhng loi
pht sinh t t. Bnh xoan c th c dng nh phn bn t: tng cng iu kin ca t v
kim sot cc loi giun khc nhau.
Bng 1: S lng bt nhn ht xoan v t l nc khuyn co cho cc loi su bnh
Bt nhn ht xoan
Bt nhn ht xoan
Cc loi gy hi
(g)/lt nc
(kg)/ 600 lt nc/ha
Dessert locust
5
3
Hairy caterpillar
Giant looper
10
6
Gypsy moth
Migratory locust
Leaf miners
15
9
Cabbage aphid
20
12
Cutworm
Japanese beetle
Chafer beetle
Colorado potato beetle
30
18
Flea beetle
Corn earworm
40
24
American bollworm
Aphids
Cotton
leaf
roller
Diamondback moth
Grasshopper
Leaf hopper
50
30
Leaf miner
Red locust
Mexican bean beetle
Mustard aphid
Whiteflies
Fall armyworm
60
36
Pod fly
80
48
Citrus leafminer
100
60

14

Bng 2: Lng du xoan v nc khuyn co dng cho cc su bnh

Du xoan
Du xoan
Cc loi gy hi
(ml)/lt nc
(lt)/600 lt nc/ha
Potato tuber moth
10
6
Red and yellow scales
Tortoise beetle
Psyllid
15
9
Whitefly
Midge
20
12
Whorl maggot
Cotton aphids
Flea beetle
30
18
Gall midge
Leafhopper
Thn trng:
Khi pha 10 mililt du vi 1 lt nc, du xoan c th tr thnh c t i vi mt s loi cy mn cm.
Phun th v i 2 ngy xem hiu qu (triu chng) trc khi phun trn din rng.
nh hng ln con ngi:
Khng nh hng.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Azadirachtin tng i v hi vi bm, ong, b ra, v ong bp cy v cc sinh vt ny ch n phn v
mt hoa. c hiu qu, Azadirachtin phi c tiu ha v hp thu, v vy ch c cc loi su b n cy
mi b nh hng. Tuy nhin, vic thng xuyn phun thuc ln cy ang ra hoa vi nng xoan m
c c th nh hng n loi ong v chng em phn v mt hoa b dnh thuc v t.
C mt nghin cu c tin hnh v cc sn phm t xoan v tc ng ca chng ln s sng, cht v
sinh sn ca 7 loi giun t khc nhau. Cc ch phm khc nhau lm t xoan c trn ln vi 1 lp t
trng dy 10 xentimt ph trn lung c chua. Khng c nguyn liu no gy nh hng xu ln giun t.
Hiu ng tt v cn nng v kh nng sng st c tm thy nhng con giun sng trong t c trn ln
l v nhn ht xoan xay nhuyn trong mi trng nh knh. Kh nng sinh sn tng nh trong vng 13
tun trong t c b sung xoan.
Azadirachtin khng c tc dng ph ln chim v cc sinh vt khc. Ngoi ra, thuc ch t xoan khng c
tn d c hi nn khng gy nhim mi trng, v cc loi su b khng khng thuc.

15

Hnh c
Thnh phn s dng:
C
Phng thc hot ng:
tr cn trng, su rp,

Cng thc
Nguyn liu
Chit xut c hnh
85 gram c hnh xt
nhuyn
50 mililt du khong
(du ha)
10 mililt x phng
450 mililt nc
lc
Chai ng
Chit xut c hnh 2
1 kg c hnh
1 lt nc
m un
Bnh cha c np y
lc

Chit xut c hnh 3

50 gram c hnh
1 lt nc ct
X
lc

Cch thc chun b

c hnh xt nhuyn
vo du ha.

Cch s dng
Tc dng trn
Pha long dung dch theo
t l 1 phn dung dch 19
phn nc (v d: vi 50
Ngm hn hp trong 24 millilt dung dch cn 950
gi.
mililt nc).
Lc u trc khi s
Thm nc, x phng
dng
v khuy u.
Whiteflies
Phun thuc u ln cy
bnh vo sng sm hoc
Cha vo chai.
chiu ti.
un si 1 lt nc.
Pha long 1 lt dung dch
Xt nh c hnh v b
vi 10 lt nc.
Ants
vo bnh cha c np
Scales
y.
Phun thuc u ln cy
Spider mites
nc vo bnh cha bnh vo sng sm hoc
Thrips
(c c hnh xt nh).
chiu ti.
Ngm trong 24 gi.
Alternaria
Anthracnose
Xt nh c hnh
Phun thuc u ln cy
Fusarium wilt
Thm nc
bnh vo sng sm hoc Fungal leaf
Trn u
chiu ti.
blight
Lc ly nc

nh hng ln con ngi:

Cha c bo co v nh hng vi con ngi. Tuy nhin, i vi nhng ngi c da mn
cm, nn cn thn trong vic s dng cht chit xut.
nh hng ln cc sinh vt khc:
Khng nh hng