Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MC LC
Chng 1
GII THIU CHUNG
Trang
3
3
3
3
3
4
Chng 2
TNH TON THIT K H THNG CP NC
2.1 THNG S THIT K BAN U
2.2 VCH TUYN MNG LI CP NC BN TRONG NH
2.3 XC NH LU LNG DNG NC CA NGI NH
2.4 CHN NG H O NC
2.5 TNH TON THY LC MNG LI NG NG
5
5
5
6
6
Chng 3
TNH TON THIT K H THNG THOT NC
3.1 TNH TON THY LC NG THOT NC THI
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
14
14
14
14
16
16
16
18
19
19
19
19
20
Chng 1
GII THIU CHUNG
1.1 NHIM V THIT K
Nc l mt nhu cu khng th thiu i vi s tn ti, i sng sinh hot, i sng cng
nghip, sn xut ca con ngi. Chnh v vy trong bt c th no, hay n v th no,
vn cp thot nc lun l mt trong nhng vn nhn c s quan tm hng u. Vi tnh
hnh thc t hin nay, vn cp thot nc trong nh ca mi h gia nh trn a bn thnh
ph H Ch Minh cng ang gp nhiu kh khn, lng nc cp hng ngy vn cn thiu hoc
do p lc nc khng mnh.
Thit k h thng cp thot nc trong nh c nhim v a nc t mng li ngoi nh n
mi thit b, dng c v sinh hoc my mc sn xut trong nh cung cp cho ngi tiu dng
v cho my mc sn xut. ng thi c nhim v thu v dn nc thi t cc thit b, dng c v
sinh hoc my mc sn xut trong nh v nc ma t trn mi nh ra khi nh.
V vy, n ny c thc hin vi mc ch gp mt kin trong vic a ra nhng gii php
kh thi gip gii quyt vn trn. n ny s thit k h thng cp thot nc cho cn h gia
nh vi qui m 3 tng v 1 tng mi.
1.2 C IM CN H
Cn h gm 4 tng lu, mt tng mi.
- Tiu chun dng nc 200 l/ng.ng
- Dng c v sinh:
Chu ra mt:
Chu ra bp:
X bt:
Vi sen:
Chu git:
Bn tm:
4 ci
1 ci
4 ci
3 ci
1 ci
1 ci
Chng 2
TNH TON THIT K H THNG CP NC
2.1 THNG S THIT K BAN U
Theo nh gi s b, cc thng s thit k ban u nh sau.
H thng cp nc cho ngi nh
Hc = 20 m
Dc = 500 m
hc- = 1 m
Lc = 7 m
Nh c 4 tng lu. Theo gio trnh cp thot nc (Cp thot nc, Trn Hiu Nhu), p lc s
b ca cn nh l 16 m.
Ct p ca ng ng cp nc bn ngoi nh l 20 m. Theo ct p ny, dng h thng cp nc
n gin v p lc ng ng cp nc bn ngoi nh hon ton m bo a nc n mi thit
b v sinh trong nh, k c nhng thit b v sinh cao nht v xa nht ca ngi nh.
Nc vo
ng h
Thit b v
sinh
Trong
q: Lu lng nc tnh ton cho tng on ng, l/s
a: i lng ph thuc vo tiu chun dng nc, i vi tiu chun dung nc l 200 l/ng.ng,
gi tr ca a = 2,14.
N: tng s ng lng ca cc thit b v sinh, c trnh by trong bng 2.1
SVTH: NG QUANG TRUNG
S lng
4
4
1
3
1
1
14
ng lng (N)
0,33
0,5
1
0,67
1
1,5
N
1,32
2
1
2,01
1
1,5
8,83
K: h s iu chnh ph thuc vo tng s ng lng N, ly theo bng 18.3 (Cp thot nc,
Trn Hiu Nhu) , K = 0,002.
Thay vo (1), ta c lu lng nc cn l:
qtt 0,22,14 8,83 0,002 8,83 0,57 (l / s )
2.4 CHN NG H O NC
ng h o nc cn phi da vo kh nng vn chuyn ca n. Kh nng vn chuyn ca mi
loi ng h o nc khc nhau v thng biu hin bng lu lng c trng ca ng h, phi
tha mn iu kin sau.
Qng 2 Qtr
Trong :
Qng: lu lng nc ngy m ca ngi nh, m3/ng;
Qtr: lu lng nc c trng ca ng h o nc , m3/h.
Chn ng h o nc theo lu lng tnh ton da vo bng 17.1 (Trn Hiu Nhu, Cp Thot
Nc, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, 2007, trang 206).
Qmin = 0,04 (l/s) < qtt = 0,57 (l/s) < qmax = 0,7 (l/s)
ta chn ng h loi cnh qut (BK) v c ng h l 20 mm.
Theo bng 17.2 (Trn Hiu Nhu, Cp Thot Nc, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, 2007, trang
206), ng h BK20 c sc khng S = 5,2, tn tht p lc qua ng h:
2
N
0.33
1
1
1.5
2.5
0.33
1.5
1.83
4.83
0.33
0.83
0.5
6.33
6.33
7.33
0.5
1.17
1.5
8.83
1 RM
1 RM + 1 HS
1 CG
1 CG + 1 HX
1 CG + 1 HX + 1 RM + 1 HS
1 RM
qtt
(l/s)
0.120
0.202
0.202
0.245
0.312
0.120
0.245
0.269
0.427
0.120
0.185
0.146
0.486
0.486
0.522
0.146
0.218
0.245
0.571
1 BT
1 BT + 1 HX
1 CG + 2 HX + 2 RM + 1 BT + 1 HS
1 RM
1 RM + 1 HS
1 HX
1 CG + 3 HX + 3 RM + 1 BT + 2 HS
1 CG + 3 HX + 3 RM + 1 BT + 2 HS
1 CG + 3 HX + 3 RM + 1 BT + 2 HS + 1 CB
1 HX
1 HX + 1 HS
1 HX + 1 HS + 1 RM
1 CG + 4 HX + 4 RM + 1 BT + 3 HS + 1 CB
ThS.Nguyn Th Hng, Cc bng tnh ton thy lc, NXB Xy dng, 2007,
d
(mm)
20
20
20
20
25
20
20
20
25
20
20
20
32
32
32
20
20
20
32
v
(m/s)
0.6
1.24
1.24
1.49
1.07
0.6
1.49
1.49
1.38
0.6
0.94
0.75
0.93
0.93
1.02
0.75
1.24
1.24
1.11
i
0.044
0.161
0.161
0.222
0.091
0.044
0.222
0.222
0.143
0.044
0.099
0.065
0.052
0.052
0.062
0.065
0.161
0.161
0.072
L
(m)
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
3.30
0.80
0.70
1.00
3.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
3.30
2.00
0.80
0.70
0.70
0.40
10.70
Trong :
CG : chu git
HX : h x c thng ra
RM : chu ra mt
BT : bn tm
HS : hng sen trong phng ring
CB : chu ra nh bp
p lc cn thit ca ngi nh tnh ton nh sau:
H ct
nh = hhh + hh + ht + h + hcb
Trong
ct
H nh
: p lc cn thit ca ngi nh (m);
hhh : cao hnh hc a nc t trc ng ng cp nc bn ngoi n dng c v sinh bt
li nht (cao nht v xa nht) (m), hhh tnh n thit b s dng nc cao nht v xa nht l chu
git;
hh : Tn tht p lc qua ng h o nc (m), hh = 1,69 m;
htd : p lc t do cn thit cc dng c v sinh hoc cc my mc dng nc, c chn theo
h = i.l
(m)
0.03
0.13
0.14
0.22
0.30
0.03
0.16
0.22
0.51
0.03
0.08
0.06
0.17
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.11
0.06
0.77
trong nh (m).
hhh = hc- + hL1 + hL2 + hL3 + hCG = 1+ 3,3 + 3,6 + 3,3 + 1 = 12,2 (m)
hc-
hL1
hL2
hL3
hCG
= 1 m.
= 3,3 m.
= 3,6 m.
= 3,3 m.
= 1 m.
= 10,7 + 0,8 + 2
+ 0,9
= 25,6 (m).
Chng 3
TNH TON THIT K H THNG THOT NC
3.1 TNH TON THY LC NG THOT NC THI
ng thot nc thi chia thnh hai ng chnh, mt ng thot nc thi sinh hot v mt ng
thot phn. Cch b tr h thng thot nc thi v thot phn c th hin trong bn v k
thut s h thng thot nc thi v thot phn.
Lu lng nc tnh ton cc on ng thot nc trong nh c xc nh theo cng thc:
qtt qc qtbmax , l / s
Trong :
qtt: lu lng nc thi tnh ton (l/s);
qc: lu lng nc cp tnh ton theo cng thc qc 0,22,14 N KN (l / s ) ;
qtbmax : lu lng nc thi ca thit b v sinh c lu lng nc thi ln nht ca on ng tnh
ton ly theo bng 23.2 (Cp thot nc, Trn Hiu Nhu, 2007, trang 295).
Ta c lu lng nc thi tnh ton ca cc thit b v sinh:
Thit b v sinh
Chu ra mt
H x c thng ra
Chu ra nh bp
Vi tm hng sen
Chu git
Bn tm
Lu lng nc thi
(l/s)
0,1
1,6
1
0,2
0,33
1,1
(Cp thot nc, Trn Hiu Nhu, 2007, bng 23.2, trang 295).
qtt 0,402
0,265
q nt
1,52
qtt 0,220
0,15
qnt
1,52
qtt 1,345
0,35
q nt
3,78
10
Tra biu h/D B = 0,4 vtt = B x vnt = 0,9 x 0,78 = 0,702 m/s > 0,7m/s.
3.1.6 Tnh ng ng BC
Lu lng nc thi trong ng ng
qtt 0,385
0,25
qnt
1,52
q CD
q CD
qtbmax 0,486 1,1 1,586 (l / s)
tt
c
Tra bng xc nh cc thng s cho ng ng ta chn ng ng c ng knh d = 75 mm,
vn tc nc trong ng ng v = 1,5 m/s < 4 m/s.
3.1.9 Tnh on ng D1D
qtt 1,586
0,36
qnt
4,43
11
qtt 1,622
0,37
qnt
4,43
qtt 0,445
0,29
qnt
1,52
qtt 1,671
0,38
qnt
4,43
12
max
qth qc qhx
Chn ng knh ng nhnh thot phn l 100 mm, y cho php ti a 0,5d, dc tiu
chun 0,02.
qnt = 7,44 l/s, vnt = 0,93 m/s.
A
qth 1,65
0,22
q nt 7,44
13
3.4 NG X
3.4.1 ng x DEE3 dn phn t h x tng 2, 3, 4 ti b t hoi
Chn ng knh ng x d = 100 mm, i = 0,02 qnt = 7,44 l/s, vnt = 0,93 m/s
qtt = 1,75 l/s;
A
qtt 1,75
0,24
qnt 7,44
qc = 0,571 (l/s),
qtbmax = 1,5 (l/s).
qtt 2,071
0,19
qnt 11,16
14
Wc : Th tch cn ca b (m3)
Wn c th ly bng 1 3 ln lu lng nc thi ngy m chy vo hm t hoi (Wn).
Lng nc thi vo hm t hoi gm nc thi t h x.
H x m hm t hoi phc v l 4.
Gi n l s ln i v sinh m 1 ngi i trong mt ngy, chn n = 4.
Lu lng nc thi ngy m:
Qt n N q0 / 1000 4 4 8 / 1000 0,128 (m 3 )
aT .100 W1 .bc.N
100 W2 1000
Trong
a: lng cn trung bnh ca mt ngi thi ra mt ngy, a = 0,5 0,8 l/ng.ng, chn a = 0,8
l/ng.ng.
T: thi gian gia 2 ln ly cn, chn T = 3 nm = 1080 ngy.
W1, W2: m cn ti vo b v ca cn khi ln men tng ng l 95% v 90%.
b: h s k n vic gim th tch cn khi ln men (gim 30%) v ly 0,7.
c: h s k n vic li 1 phn cn ln men khi ht cn gi li vi sinh vt gip cho
qu trnh ln men cn c nhanh chng, d dng, li 20%; c= 1,2.
N: s ngi m b phc v, N= 6 ngi
Chiu su ti thiu ca b l 1,3 m
Wc
15
F q5
10.000
Trong
Q: lu lng nc ma, l/s.
F: din tch thu nc ma, m2. m2.
K: h s, ly bng 2.
q5: cng ma l/s.ha tnh cho a phng c lng ma 5 pht v chu k vt qua cng
ma tnh ton l 1 nm. Ti Tp H Ch Minh cng ma q5 = 496 l/s.ha.
F = (3,700 x 3,730) + (3,090 x 3,730) = 25,3 (m2)
Q 2
25,3 496
2,5l / s
10.000
F h5
300
Trong :
F : din tch mi thc t trn mt bng m mt phu phc v, tc l din tch thu nc ca mt
ng ng.
: h s dng chy trn mi ly bng 1.
h5 : lp nc ma tnh ton ng vi thi gian ma 5 pht v chu k vt qu cng tnh ton
p = 1 nm. Ti thnh ph H Ch Minh h5 = 10 cm = 0,1 m.
qm
1 25,3 0,1
0,008 ( m 3 / s ) 8 (l / s )
300
T qm tra biu tnh ton thy lc cho mng ch nht btng trt va hnh 24.10 (Gio trnh
cp thot nc trong nh, 2007, trang 308), ta xc nh cc ch s ca mng nh sau:
- Chiu rng mng :
b = 50 cm
SVTH: NG QUANG TRUNG
16
- su u tin ca mng: h = 5 cm
- Vn tc dng chy :
v = 0,4m/s
- dc lng mng :
i = 0,002
17
Chng 4
Chiu di
(m)
0,70
0,80
0,90
1,00
3,30
0,80
0,70
1,00
3,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
3,30
2,00
0,80
0,70
0,70
0,40
10,70
d
(mm)
20
20
20
20
25
20
20
20
25
20
20
20
32
32
32
20
20
20
32
n gi
(ng/mt)
8.580
8.600
8.600
8.600
13.640
8.600
8.600
8.600
13.640
8.600
8.600
8.600
21.010
21.010
21.010
8.600
8.600
8.600
21.010
Thnh tin
6.006
6.880
7.740
8.600
45.012
6.880
6.020
8.600
49.104
6.020
6.880
7.740
69.333
42.020
16.808
6.020
6.020
3.440
224.807
533.930
Tng cng
18
Chiu di
(m)
1,50
1,90
3,30
0,80
1,70
3,60
1,50
3,30
2,00
0,80
1,10
11,70
d
(mm)
50
50
75
50
75
75
50
75
75
75
50
75
n gi
(ng/mt)
50.930
50.930
114.290
50.930
114.290
114.290
50.930
114.290
114.290
114.290
50.930
114.290
Thnh tin
76.395
96.767
377.157
40.744
194.293
411.444
76.395
377.157
228.580
91.432
56.023
1.337.193
3.363.580
Tng cng
4.3 CHI PH B T HOI, GING THM
19
20