H v tn:

Lp: 08CSH01
Mssv:
Mn: SINH HA HC
ti: PROTEIN

 ti:

PROTEIN

Khi nim
Cu trc
Tnh cht
Chc nng

Cc thnh phn c protein

protein

Protein l mt hp cht i phn t

c to thnh t rt nhiu cc n
phn l cc axit amin
Ngi ta pht hin ra c tt c
20 axit amin trong thnh phn ca
tt c cc loi protein khc nhau
trong c th sng

Axit amin c
cu to bi nhm
amin (-NH2), nhm
cacboxyl (-COOH)
v nguyn t
cacbon trung tm
nh vi 1 nguyn
t hyro v nhm
bin i R quyt
nh tnh cht ca
axit amin.

Cu to c bn
axit amin

Cu trc protein

Cu trc bc mt

Cc axit amin ni vi nhau bi lin kt

peptit hnh thnh nn chui
polypepetide. u mch polypeptide l
nhm amin ca axit amin th nht v
cui mch l nhm cacboxyl ca axit
amin cui cng.
Cu trc bc mt ca protein c vai tr
ti quan trng v trnh t cc axit amin
trn chui polypeptide s th hin
tng tc gia cc phn trong chui
polypeptide, t to nn hnh dng
lp th ca protein v do quyt nh
tnh cht cng nh vai tr ca protein

Cu trc bc hai

L s sp xp u n cc
chui polypeptide trong khng
gian.
Chui polypeptide thng
khng dng thng m xon li
to nn cu trc xon v cu
trc np gp , c c nh bi
cc lin kt hyro gia nhng
axit amin gn nhau.

Cu trc bc ba

Cc xon v phin gp np
c th cun li vi nhau thnh
tng bi c hnh dng lp th
c trng cho tng loi protein.
Cu trc khng gian ny c vai
tr quyt nh i vi hot tnh
v chc nng ca protein.

Cu trc bc bn:

Khi protein c nhiu chui

polypeptide phi hp vi
nhau th to nn cu trc bc
bn ca protein.
Cc chui polypeptide lin
kt vi nhau nh cc lin kt
yu nh lin kt hyro.

Phn loi protein

Protein n gin
Protein phc tp c :

Nucleoprotein
Chromoprotein
Lipoprotein
Glycoprotein
Phosphoprotein
Metaloprotein

TNH CHT L HA CA PROTEIN

Tnh cht dung dch keo v s ng t

S bin tnh
Tnh cht quang hc ca protein
Cc tnh nng cng ngh ca protein ng
dng trong cng nghip thc phm
Phn ng thy phn protein bng axit,
kim
hoc enzyme
Cc phn ng nh tnh v nh lng
axit amin v protein

Bin tnh ca protein

Di tc dng ca cc tc nhn vt
l nh tia cc tm, sng siu m,
khuy c hc... hay tc nhn ha hc
nh axit, kim mnh, mui kim loi
nng,... cc cu trc bc hai, ba v
bc bn ca protein b bin i
nhng khng ph v cu trc bc
mt ca n, km theo l s thay
i cc tnh cht ca protein so vi
ban u.

Sau khi b bin tnh, protein thng thu c

cc tnh cht sau:

ha tan gim do lm l cc nhm k nc

vn chui vo bn trong phn t protein
Kh nng gi nc gim
Mt hot tnh sinh hc ban u
Tng nhy i vi s tn cng ca enzim
proteaza do lm xut hin cc lin kt peptit
ng vi trung tm hot ng ca proteaza
Tng nht ni ti
Mt kh nng kt tinh

Chc nng protein

Cu trc, nng c th
Xc tc sinh hc: tng nhanh, chn lc cc
phn ng sinh ha
iu ha cc hot ng sinh l
Vn chuyn cc cht
Tham gia vo chc nng vn ng ca t
bo v c th
Cm nhn, p ng cc kch thch ca mi
trng
D tr cht dinh dng