Tong Hop Meo Su Dung Autocad

Tng hp th thut autocad
Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Hoc blog: http://chunguv.blogspot.com
website cung cp y ebook v : acad, 3dsmax, etabs,
sap2000, ms project, photoshop..
ghi ch:
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liu c pht hnh.
Tt c ti liu do chng ti pht hnh u c ngun gc r rng
v c chn lc mt cch kht khe mang li cho bn c
nhng ti liu tt nht.
Trong thi gian ti chng ti s chuyn ton b d liu sang
blog: http://chunguv.blogspot.com
Chc mi ngi thnh cng !

1. Ly li c ca s dng lnh command trong ACAD:

- CTRL + 9
2. Chuyn i ca s gia cc file cad ang c bt ln, gip cho vic chuyn
i qua li gia cc file m c th bn mun tham kho:
- Dng phm Ctrl+Tab
3. Ch s trn v ch s di
Mun nh Text trong Autocad m c m trn hoc di th dng lnh g?
V d H2SO4
Lnh MTEXT.
Bn mun dng vit ch trn u, bn cho k t m (^) vo cui.
Bn mun dng vit ch di chn, bn cho k t m (^) vo u on.
Sau t xanh on m bn mun vit km c k t m, ri nhn vo phm a/b
trn thanh cng c mtext
4. Mo chn i tng
Bn ang cn chn mt i tng nm pha di mt i tng khc, bn
lm nh th no? c mt cch rt n gin: khi chn bn nhn thm ctr, pick 1
ln nu trng ri th thi, nu cha trng th pick thm ln na n s chn xoay
vng cc i tng nm ti 1 v tr cho n lc i tng bn chn l th bn
nhn phm space (enter hoc phi chut).
Bn ang bt mt lc nhiu la chn osnap, v th khi bn di chut n gn i
tng, thay vo bt theo cch bn mong mun, AutoCAD li chn kiu snap
khng ng? bn ch cn nhn phm tab chc nng osnap s thay i xoay vng
cho n kiu bn mun th thi.
5. Mo khi dng fillet
Mt s ngi khi dng lnh fillet, ch yu dng vt hai i tng vo nhau
(radius=0). Nn khi ang fillet vi mt bn knh khc, h mun bin radius v
0 th li dng tham s R ri g vo 0. Khi mun quay tr li bn knh ang lm
th li lm li.
khc phc iu ny, AutoCAD cho bn chc nng gi SHIFT, lnh fillet s
mc nh radius=0, nh ra th bn knh fillet li tr thnh bnh thng.
6. Mo bt trung im
Bn mun ch nh mt im l trung im ca 2 im khc m khng c i
tng no bt midpoint? bn s v mt line i qua 2 im v chn
midpoint, sau li xa line ny i?
Khng n ni phc tp nh th, khi bn mun xc nh trung im, bn ch
cn nhp vo mtp hoc m2p (middle between 2 point), ACAD s hi bn 2
im u mt, th l bn c im gia.
7. Mo hatch
mng hatch, pline c width dy khng che mt cc thng tin hatch, dim.
Hy s dng lnh TEXTTOFRONT, lnh ny a ton b text v/hoc dim ln
trc cc i tng khc. Lnh ny bt u c t ACAD2005.
8. Mo to block
Nu bn mun to mt anonymous block (l block khng c tn) trong bn v
bn ch cn copy cc i tng m bn mun to block bng cch dng t hp
phm Ctr+C, sau dng lnh PasteBlock.
Vi block to bng phng php ny, bn khng cn phi qun l block (tht

ra l khng qun l c). Khi bn xa i tng ny, ACAD t ng Purge

cc anonymous block ra khi block table sau mi ln m file.
9. Tham s ca Zoom
Mc nh, tc zoom trong AutoCAD l kh thp, trong khi b con nh ta
zoom nhiu hn v. M zoom chm th kh chu. Cho nn dng lnh sau y
tng tc ti a (lnh ny khng lin quan n tng tc ha ca phn cng
nh )
ZOOMFACTOR = 100
(100 l maximum ri )
T AutoCAD 2006 n 2008 c thm hiu ng, cc bn s bit mnh ang
zoom t u . nhng nu khng c tng tc ha, zoom khng mt, h h,
hiu ng ny s gy cm gic kh chu V vy tt hn ht l tt bng i, tr li
AutoCAD c. Cc bn dng lnh sau:
VTOPTIONS
Tt b ht 2 dng option trn v ok l xong.
10. Lm th no o gc ln hn 180 ?
Vn dng lnh DIMANGULAR nh bnh thng, ch hi khc mt cht l cc
bn ng chn gc gia 2 line m bn chn chc nng o gc ca Arc hay gc
gia 3 im l c.
V d:
Command: dimangular (enter)
Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: (enter - ng ngha vi chn mc
specify vertex tc l ch nh 3 nh)
Specify angle vertex: (pick vo im 1 - im gc)
Specify first angle endpoint: (chn vo im 2 - nm trn mt cnh ca gc)
Specify second angle endpoint: (chn vo im 3 - nm trn cnh cn li ca
gc)
Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: (chn vo im 4 im m ng dim s i qua)
Dimension text = 231 (v d th)
Ni cc line, arc, lwpolyline khng chm nhau, bng tnh nng mi ca lnh
pline
Khi bn mun ni cc line, arc, polyline thnh 1 nhng chng li khng chm
nhau? Bn dng tham s Mutiple ngay sau khi s dng lnh pline, sau s
dng chc nng join:
Command: pe
PEDIT Select polyline or [Multiple]: m
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 11 found
Select objects:
Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:
j
Join Type = Extend
Enter fuzz distance or [Jointype] <8.0270>: 5.0
10 segments added to polyline
Enter an option [Close/Open/Join/Width/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]:

11. Hy chn i tng khi nh du chn nhm:

Khi chn mt i tng m ta mun hy chn i tng thi m cc i
tng khc vn c chn khng phi chn li t u: (rt c ch khi la chn
i tng m khng mt cng chn li t u)
-Ch li vo i tng v ng thi gi phm Shift
12. Khi mun i tng khc cng c gn thuc tnh nh mt i tng
khc: rt c ch khi chnh sa i tng trong bn v.
Dng lnh Matchdrop : lnh tt ma hoc mj
13. Khi mun chn li i tng m trc ta di chuyn :
Sau khi di chuyn mt i tng n v tr mi, m i tng khng phi
l mt block th vic mun chn li i tng di chuyn n v tr mi
ngay sau l iu m lm chng ta mt cng nu chn th cng tng i
tng, rt may l trong trng hp chng ta c th tin hnh chn nh sau:
ta li nh lnh move tip v khi select object th ta nh thng s p lp tc i
tng va c di chuyn trc s c chn li ngay lp tc.
14. Khi mun lm ti li bn v bng lnh Regen:
dng cp nht cc thit lp v ng nt hoc hin th, chng hn khi ta
t display resolution l 2000 thay cho 100 trc , ng trn v cc nt
cong s mt m hn nhng nhn trn bn v m ta vn thy khng c thay i
g th ta dng lnh Regen, sau lnh ny ta s thy nhng thay i hin r rng.
15. a ng dng vit bi cc file lp trnh cho cad vo CAD:
nh lnh : ap
Chn file load , cc file l lsp, dvb, arx, vlx, dbx, fas
Ch : ring vi file : m file lsp thy trong dng lnh no c ch defun c: th
ch sau defun c: chnh l lnh tt s dng ca ng dng.
Cch 2: Tools\Auto Lisp\ load applications Sau tm n file auto lisp load
sau y l cch load lisp vo s dng (t dng k hiu (-) thay cho vic bn
g phm enter 1 ln)
bn g AP (-), n s hin ln 1 ci bng, tm ng dn ti 2 file lisp trn,
tick vo load l c th s dng c ri
ko phi load li lisp mi ln khi ng cad th tick vo contents (c icon l
hnh ci cp), n s x ra 1 ci bng, tick vo add ri tm ng dn ti cc file
lisp l ok
16. Chnh sa lnh tt trong autocad trc tip t file acad.pgp:
Tool\customize\ editprogram parameter (acad.pgp), vo y tin hnh chnh
cc lnh tt hp vi thi quen s dng ca mnh v thun tin hn khi v.
Sau khi thay sa i lnh trong file acad.pgp th ok th chng trnhti dng
lnh command ta phi nh reinit v chn pgp file s c tc dng ngay m
khng cn phi khi ng li na.

C th dng cch command alias editor, vo y tin hnh

chnhtoolschnh sa khc: express sa lnh, ta c th add vo cng c m
khng thay i lnh tt gc ca n.
17. cch ci t menu lnh trn thanh menubar:
Vdu: HUONG DAN CAI DAT "FASTCAD"
1. Chep toan bo thu muc "FASTCAD" vao dia cung cua may (O dau? Tuy y.)
- Mo file FASTCAD\hamtutao.lsp, chep toan bo noi dung. (ctr+A, ctr+C)
- Mo file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp. Chuyen con tro xuong gan cuoi file, phai o
tren dong co noi dung:
"(princ) "
- Chep noi dung file "hamtutao.lsp" vao vi tri nay. (ctr+V)
Chu y : Noi dung vua chep vao phai o tren dong "(princ) "
- Luu file SUPPORT\acad*doc.lsp lai. Dong tat ca cac file lai.
2. Chay chuong trinh ACAD.
3. Chon muc : TOOLS\OPTIONS\FILES\SUPPORT FILE SEARCH PATH.
- Chon nut "ADD"- Chon nut "BROWSE"- Sau do chi dan den thu muc
"FASTCAD".
- Chon nut "OK", "APPLY"
4. Tai dong lenh COMMAND go : "menuload"
- Chon file "fastcad.mnu". Nhan nut "OPEN" - Tiep theo chon nut "LOAD",
"OK".
18. Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v :
-Bn mun v nhiu t l trong mt bn v th c th to nhiu kiu t l trong
cad, g D ri enter, khung Dimension style manager hin ra, bn click vo ch
New, sau thit lp cc thng s, lm tng t nh th to kiu kch thc
c t l khc, khi mun dng ci no th click chn ci ri click vo Current
-> Close...
Bn to mt kiu style kch thc ring cho n, modify v chnh li s liu ti
scale factor ,v d bn scale t l 1/5 (0,2) ,th ban phi in vo scale factor l
5 thay v 1 nh mc nh
19. Lu khi nh ngha kiu kch thc (Dimstyle) cho bn v:
-Dng lnh command: d
-Trc ht nh ngha kiu kch thc t l 1:1 trc, chng hn c th thit lp
l scale factor l 1.00 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 1 kch
thc thc t).
-Khi chn thit lp dmstyle cho cc bn v c t l 1:2 th h s scale factor
s l 2 ( ngha rng mt kch thc trn bn v bng 0,5 kch thc thc t, do

khi v l 1 nhng mun kch thc hin th ng vi kch thc vt tht

th trn bn v con s ghi phi l kch thc trn bn v nhn vi 2, v vy
t h s nhn l 2). Bn v t l 1/10 s c dimstyle vi h s scale factor l
10. Nu c cn c vo ngha nh vy th ta d dng thit lp c thng s
scale factor cho cc bn v tng t nh vy vi cc dimstyle ca cc bn v
c t l khc.
V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 1.0, c ch l 2.5
T l 1:2 scale factor l 2, c ch l 2.5
C th t t l theo cch nh ngha khc:
V d: T l 1:1 scale factor l 100, c ch l 250
T l 1:2 scale factor l 50, c ch l 250
T l 1:10 scale factor l 0.10, c ch l 2.5
20. Ghi mt ng kch thc lin tc vi cc ng kch thc khc:
Dng lnh : Dimcontinue (dco)
Chn mt ng kch thc c sn m bn nh ni tip vo , nh vy bn
phi c t nht mt ng kch thc sn c.
21. LACHN V CHNH SA NHIU I TNG CNG LC
Lnh Quick Select:
a. Cng dng: Tm nhanh v la chn nhng i tng m bn mun (Lnh
ny rt nhiu cng dng kh lit k ht c, ni chung anh em th ci s bit
ngay... Theo c nhn mnh th y l mt lnh cc k hay y).
b. Command : Trn toolbar => Tools => Quick Select (hoc nhn Alt => T =>
K) > xut hin hp thoi Quick Select nh sau:
=> Cng nh lnh Find trc tin l "la chn vng i tng" m ta cn tm,
bng cch bm vo "phm vung nh" bn phi > la chn vng min cn tm
i tng > nhn chut phi quay li hp thot Quick Select
=> Tip n, ti Object type ta chn kiu i tng m cn tm ( y mnh
chn i tng l Multiple; cc bn cng c th tm vi Mtext ; Line ....
=> Ti Properties bn chn mt trong nhng la chn a ra (v d: chn
mu i tng cn tm, chn layer cn tm, chn chiu dy...v..v)

Mnh chn Color > chn tt c cc i tng c Color (mu sc) m mnh
mun chn...
=> Gi nguyn la chn =Equals
=> Ti Value > bn c th chn mu sc cho i tng cn tm
=> Bm OK vy l ta chn nhanh cc i tng m mnh mun(cc gi tr
khc gi nguyn, cc bn c th tm hiu thm nhng ci )
=> sau khi la chn tt c cc i tng c mu sc nh vy bn s lm
g?... Bm CTRL + 1 => vo Properties => tha h chnh sa i tng theo
bn nh....
* Mt s cng dng ca Quick Select:
Bn c th dung Quick Select thay i mt layer m bn mun trong mun
vn layer trong bn v => rt nhanh phi khng?
Bn c th i tt c mu sc mt i tng trong rt nhiu mu sc => rt tin
phi khng?
Bn c th tm tt c cc Mtext c cao Heigh = 100 i thnh 200 => rt
th v phi khng?
22. Lnh Filter.
y l mt lnh rt hay, n b tr rt nhiu cho chng ta trong qu trnh chnh
sa bn v. N gip chng ta lc cc i tng cn chn mt cch nhanh nht.
Mnh gi km theo mt file Cad hng dn d hn.
ng dng: y l mt lnh dng b tr cho cc lnh khc. V d bn mun xa
tt c cc ng kch thc chng hn, quy trnh lm nh sau:
Command: G E <Enter>
Select Objects: G fi <Ch c du nhy trc ch fi> <Enter>
Trn mn hnh hin th mn hnh Objects selection
Trong mc Select filter bn n vo nt tam gic v chn Layer (V tt c nt
kch thc c v bng lp Kich thuoc).
Sau khi chn layer bn nhn tri chut vo nt Select, hin th ln tn tt c cc
lp c khai bo trong bn v. Bn ko con tr xung v n tri chut vo
Kich thuoc, ri nhn Ok.
Quay lai ca s Objects selection, bn n tri chut vo nt Add to list, s thy
dng Layer = Kich thc pha trn (Kt thc vic chn i tng lc).
Tip theo n qu trnh lc i tng: Bn n tri chut vo nt Apply gc
di bn phi n hin ra mt vung cn di dng lnh hin th cu nhc
>>Select Objects = Chn i tng Cc bn cn chn vng lc i tng.
Nh hnh di vng chn chnh l hnh ch nht mu trng. Khi tt c i
tng c c v bng lp Kich thuoc s c chn.

Di dng lnh vn hin th Select Objects: Bn n Enter 2 ln lin tip thc

hin lnh xa tt c cc i tng lp Kich thuoc.
23. In n khng b m
Khi in c th cc nt v do thit lp lineweight nh m khi in c th m, do vy
tin hnh in ra khng b m chng ta phi t li lineweight khi in n, vo
lnh plot, chn my in,
24. Khung bn v n mp giy khi in
Vn : Lm sao plot bn v ra ng nh ci khung mnh to nh.ai bt ch
gim vi.nu cc khong offset t mp giy n khung khng ng th va xu
m bn v li khng ng t l na.?
- Khi vo lnh in, chn Properties ca my in --> Device and Documents
Setting --> User-defined Paper Sizes & Calibration --> Modify Standard Paper
Sizes (Printable Area) --> chn kh giy v bm Modify hiu chnh khong
cch canh l ph hp. Cn in b lch c l bn qun nh du chn Center the
plot khi in
- Li l do khi in bn plot to scale trng thi fix to paper. Nu bn
mun khung tn ca bn cch ng nh bn mun bn phi xc inh ng t l
bn v bn cn in v in vo trng thi custom. v d bn mun in kh giy
A3 vi t l 1/1000 , trc ht bn v khung 297x420 . Sau bn v khung tn
cch l theo bn trong khung va v . (v d mp tri khung cch giy
20mm th bn ng khung tri cch mp tri khung A3 ng 20 unit) .
bn phi chn Center the plot
sau trong plot to scale bn chn custome v nh t l 1mm = 1 unit .
25. khung tn va ng tiu chun:
Vn : Khi hon thin bn v chng ta phi t khung tn cho chng. Lm sao
khung tn va ng tiu chun, t l theo cc kh giy khc nhau. Mi
ngi hy chia s cch t khung tn i.
Cch s dng:
+copy ci file tvcn.dwg vo Support
+load lisp
+lnh l bv
ch l s th t bn v n nhy y
khi mun sa cc ci khc thuc khung tn, bn dng lnh BE, chn khung tn
26. V cc ng song song nhanh:
Dng lnh Mline (ml)
- Khong cch gia cc ng , chn ty chn Scale , nhp vo khong cch
ca cc ng ta mun v.
27. nh s th t bng lnh Tcount, ca Express Tools

Nhiu khi chng ta cn phi sa tng text mt in cc s theo th t tng

dn. Chng hn phi in chui D1, D2, D3, D4,...D1000 theo th t tng dn
ca trc Y. nu sa bng tay th rt lu. Lnh Tcount ca Express Tool cho
php chng ta lm iu ny.
Command: tcount
Chng trnh s cho bn chn i tng
Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 5 found
Select objects:
Chng trnh hi bn sp xp cc i tng theo chiu tng trc x, trc y hay
theo th t lc bn chn cc i tng
Sort selected objects by [X/Y/Select-order] <Y>:
Chng trnh hi bn s u tin m bn nh, s gia m bn cho vo. V d
2,-1 s nh cc s: 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ...
Specify starting number and increment (Start,increment) <2,-1>:
Chng trnh hi bn cch nh s vo text: Overwrite - ghi lun vo text,
Prefix - vit thm vo pha trc, Suffix - vit thm vo pha sau, Find&replace
- Thay nhng cm t c ch nh bng cc text s ny.
Placement of numbers in text [Overwrite/Prefix/Suffix/Find&replace..] <
Find&replace>:
Nu bn chn Find&replace, my hi thm c t m bn mun ch nh.
Enter search string <kts>:
V cui cng chng trnh thng bo c bao nhiu i tng text c sa
5 objects modified.
28. Mt s cch chn i tng trong CAD
1. Chn i tng bng pick chut
2. Chn i tng nm trong ca s chn bng cch pick chut t tri qua phi
mn hnh (windows) hoc dng tham s W
3. Chn i tng nm trong v trng vi ca s chn bng cch pick chut t
phi qua tri mn hnh (crossing) hoc dng tham s C
4. Chn tt c cc i tng: dng Ctrl+A
5. Chn i tng theo ng zigzag tu : dng tham s F
6. Chn i tng nm trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s WP
7. Chn i tng nm trng v trong ca s a gic tu : dng tham s CP
8. Chn i tng c v cui cng: dng tham s L
9. Chn i tng chn trc: dng tham s P
10. Gi Ctrl bt i tng (Object Cycling)
Trong lc v nhiu khi c nhng i tng ln nhau. Bn c th chn ln

10
lt chng bng cch gi Ctrl ri pick chut vo ch c nhiu i tng ln

nhau. lc CAD s bt ch Cycle on. Khi bn c th b Ctrl ri
pick chut bt k ch no trn mn hnh. Cc i tng ln lt s c chn.
Khi chn c i tng cn chn bn phi chut hoc enter kt thc lnh.
11. Chn thm v b chn i tng: Dng Shift l thun tin nht, hoc dng
tham s A add thm i tng, tham s R b bt i tng chn
12. Chn i tng bng Quick Select: Tool>Quick Select
13. Chn i tng theo bng Filter (lc i tng) tham s Fi.
12 v 13 dng nhng c im nhn dng chung chn i tng. Nu dng
quen s thy rt hu ch
29. Cch chn i tng bng lnh FI ( Filter )
V d trong 1 bn v c rt nhiu loi i tng
nh lnh FI.
Trong khung Selection Filter. Chn Circle/ And to List / Apply
Quay li ca s chnh ca CAD, ta chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v/
Ok. Gi th FI lc ra ch selec cc CIRCLE trn bn v thi !
Ging lnh filter, nhng c bit hn: Bn cn phi nht ra trong bn v nhng
i tng text c cha mt cm t nht nh, lm th no?
Hy dng lnh find c bn ca AutoCAD, cch dng:
- Gi lnh find ti dng lnh.
- Ti bng lnh, g dng ch cn tm ti phn text find string.
- Ti phn search in, click vo phm c biu tng hnh vung v con tr chut
chn cc i tng.
- Cad s quay tr li mn hnh chnh bn chn i tng. y bn g All
chn tt c cc i tng trong bn v. G xong th g enter.
- Tr li bng lnh Find and Replace, bn s thy phm Select All c t mu
en (trc n c mu xm - disable). Hy click vo phm Select All ny.
- Cad s ng bng lnh v cc i tng cha dng ch cn tm s c la
chn (high light). Cng vi dng ch trn ca s text: AutoCAD found and
selected xxx objects that contain yyy vi xxx l s i tng c chn v
yyy l cm t bn va nhp. Nu khng c i tng no tho mn, cad s
thng bo:AutoCAD found and selected 0 objects that contain yyy.
30. S dng cc kiu Dim khc nhau trong 1 Dim Style ca AutoCAD

11
Bn thng v ng dim c nt im l gch cho (kiu Architectural tick).

Nhng khi s dng kiu , nh im gc trng hi v duyn. Lm th no
trong cng mt Dim Style, ng kch thc thng ca bn nh bng kiu
gch cho nhng ng kch thc nh gc li l mi tn?
n gin, bn lm nh sau:
- dng lnh ddim m bng lnh Dim Style.
- Click vo kiu dim gch cho ca bn chn n.
- Click vo phm New...
- Ti ca s Create New Dimention Style, phn Use for bn chn Angular
Dimentions thay v All Dimentions mc nh ca AutoCAD.
- Trong bng lnh New Dimention Style: xxx:Angular (xxx l kiu Dim ca
bn). Bn chn phn Lines and Arrows, sa Arrowheads theo mun ca bn.
- Nhn ok, ok.

Nh vy bn to c mt Dimstyle mang tn xxx trong c 2 kiu nh
kch thc khc nhau.
v kt qu l:

12
31. V nhanh cc bn v chi tit vi AutoCad
V theo ng nt bn v gc
Tt layer cha bn v gc, hon tt bn v

Khi bn c mt bn v cu to ca mt chi tit, thit b, nhng khng c
cc thng s kch thc, do , bn s mt nhiu thi gian v li bn v .
C mt cch nhanh hn bn v li cc bn v ny, trnh t lm nh sau:
u tin bn mang bn v gc ln my qut (scanner) thnh file hnh nh, lu
tp tin v chn nh dng l JPG (nu bn chn nh dng file l BMP th khi
chn vo, mu sc ca cc ng nt s ging nh mu sc ca lp (layer) m

13
bn chn hnh. Nu bn v c kh ln, bn c th photo thu nh v kh A3, A4

c th a ln my qut.
Tip theo, bn chn hnh nh vo bn v bng cch vo Insert\Raster Image...
sau la chn bn v cn v chn vo. Th l lc ny bn c mt mu
nn, ch cn v t theo bn v nn, hiu chnh li cho ph hp. Sau khi v xong,
bn tt layer cha bn v gc, hon tt bn v.
31. Cc thao tc, lu khi thc hin:
* Khi bn scan hnh nh c th b lch, lc ny bn cn xoay bn v gc cho
thng bng lnh rotate (ro). Bn cn v mt trc tm chun thng ng (F8),
sau v thm mt trc tm theo bn v gc, dng ty chn Reference quay
cho tm bn v gc trng khp vi ng tm chun: g lnh "ro", chn bn v
gc, chn tm quay l im giao nhau ca hai trc tm, g "r" la ty chn
Reference, click vo hai im trn ng tm ca bn v gc, ko n v tr
trng vi ng tm chun.
* Trong qu trnh v trnh vic s lm di chuyn hnh gc lch khi v tr
ban u, bn cn kha hnh gc bng cch kha layer cha hnh gc li v iu
chnh nh sau: vo Modify\Object\Image\Frame sau g "off" (nu l
AutoCad 2006 th chn "0"), sau ny nu cn thay i th bn lm tng t v
g lnh "on" (nu l AutoCad 2006 th chn "1").
* Trong qu trnh v, khi bn phng to, thu nh (zoom), ko r mn hnh v
(pan) th hnh gc s khng hin th do bn kh c th qun l, theo di.
hnh gc lun hin trn mn hnh bn cn hiu chnh nh sau: Vo
Tool\Options. Ti tab Display, bn nh du chn Pan and zoom with raster
& OLE. Lc ny khi bn phng to, thu nh th hnh gc vn hin th trn
mn hnh ch khng n i.
* Khi chn hnh gc vo bn cn phng to hnh ln cho ph hp, nu bn
qu nh th s gp kh khn trong lc v do n v phn chia lc ny qu b,
khi bn v cc ng cong th khi hin th c lc n s gy khc, bn dng lnh
redraw (re) n s trn li, tuy nhin nu bn phng to s d v hn.
* Khi bn phng to ln th ng nt ca bn v gc cng s to ln, do bn
s v theo bng cch chn khong gia ung nt ca bn v gc l ph hp
nht.
* Khi bn chn hnh vo, AutoCad ch nhn din lin kt (link) n bn v gc
ch khng chn hnh vo bn v. Do , khi chp sang my khc, th mc
khc hiu chnh, sa cha th bn cn chp c hnh gc theo.

14
Hacht:
khc phc trng hp b li bn c th lm bng mt s cch sau:
- Bn c th s dng lnh "-h" v chn tham s "W", vi lnh ny bn c th hatch
c mi vng, k cn ng bao phi kn.
- Vi nhng bn v ln, c nhiu i tng, Bn hy n i nhng layer khng s
dng n, zoom phn cn hatch cho va mn hnh ri mi s dng lnh hatch. Vi
cch ny bn va c th hatch nhanh hn va trnh c trng hp b li nh ca
bn.
S cn tng hp tip.......
Hi: Khi bn lm vic trn mt bn v nng, dng lnh hatch s mt nhiu thi gian. i lc khng hatch c, i lc CAD thng bo:
1234 selected, DELETED? bn tr li Y th mi tip tc c v phi ngi ch thm mt lc na CAD tnh ton.
Bn cht vn tnh ton ca CAD nh th no v khc phc iu ny phi lm sao?
p:Khi lnh Hatch c dng, ACAD s tnh ton ng bin ca i tng hatch mi c to nn bi bin ca cc i tng ang
hin th trn mn hnh. Cc i tng nm trong layer n hay ng bng s b b qua, cc i tng nm khut ngoi khung nhn
(viewport) cng b b qua khng a vo tnh ton. Chnh v vy, lnh hatch c nhanh, chng ta cn lm sao s i tng tnh
ton ca ACAD l ti thiu (tng ti a s i tng b b qua ti a). C 2 thao tc cn lm: th nht l n i cc i tng khng nh
hng ti ng bin ca Hatch m chng ta s to, th hai l zoom cng to cng tt nhng vn hin th phn hatch sp c to ra
( loi b nhng i tng khng tham gia vo ng bin ca Hatch mi).
Vi hai thao tc lm gim khi lng tnh ton ny, chng ta s d dng thy c hiu qu ca thi gian hatch.
1. i tng b v trng rt xu, gy li sai trong bn v.

Hin tng ny xy ra khi bn s dng cc mu hatch nh GRAVEL (SI) hay AR-CONC (b tng
gch v) ti nhng ta c gi tr X, Y ln (thng l ln hn 1 triu).
x l vn ny, c bn l phi gim khong cch tng i gia gc (origin) ca Hatch v i
tng
Hatch.
C
3
cch
trnh
hin
tng
ny:
1. t bin SNAPBASE v ta gn vi ta ca i tng hatch m bn ang v.
2. Dng lnh UCS, t li h ta sao cho gc ta gn vi i tng hatch ca bn.
3. Tm thi di chuyn bin ng hatch v gn gc ta . Sau khi hatch xong th li di chuyn i
tng hatch v v tr mong mun.
2. Khi bn xa mt i tng hatch, i tng chn bin ca hatch(line, arc, pline) cng b xa
theo, mc d hatch v i tng bin khng nm trong cng mt block hay group.
Mi quan h gia i tng hatch v i tng chn bin ca n ph thuc vo bin h thng
PICKSTYLE. chn i tng hatch m khng chn i tng chn bin ca n th t PICKSTYLE

15
bng 0 hoc 1. chn i tng Hatch v chn lun i tng chn bin ca n th t PICKSTYLE
bng 2 hoc 3. Nh vy, v file m bn ang v c th ang t bin PICKSTYLE = 2 hoc 3. gii
quyt vn bn nu ra, bn th t li bin PICKSTYLE = 0 hoc 1.
3. Bn ang c mt bn v, trong bn t mt ct tng bng i tng solid. By gi bn
mun bin tt c solid ny thnh hatch c th i kiu hatch sang nt k cho. Nn lm nh
th no?
Hy dng lnh Region bin i tng solid thnh Region, sau dng lnh Bhatch bin i
tng Region thnh i tng Hatch.
4. Bn phi s dng 2 hatch chp nhau. V d nh khi bn s dng hatch b tng ct thp, bn
phi s dng nt cho (LINE) v nt gch v (AR-CONC). Lm sao bn ni 2 mu hatch ny
li thnh 1 mu mi?
Bn to 1 file mi c tn trng vi tn mu hatch m bn t vi ui l .pat. V d:
BE_TONG.PAT. Bn m file Acad.pat trong th mc support ra, tm on m cad m t v gch v,
copy vo file mi ny, tm on cad m t v Line, copy vo tip. Save li, s dng lnh hatch l ok.
5. Bn mun ly mt mu hatch ca my khc v my mnh th lm th no?
ly
mu
hatch
t
my
ny
sang
my
khc,
bn
c
2
cch:
1.
Copy
file
Acad.pat
ca
my
bn
sang
my
khch.
2. M file Acad.pat ca my bn ra, tm on text ni v mu hatch m bn cn ri copy n. M file
Acad.pat
ca
my
khch,
paste
n
vo
cui
cng.
3. M file Acad.pat ca my bn ra, tm on text ni v mu hatch m bn cn ri copy n. To mt
file c tn trng vi tn ca mu hatch c ui l pat v paste ni dung va copy (nh l cui file phi
c 1 dng trng). Copy file mi ny vo th mc support. Khi dng lnh Hatch, vo mc custom s thy
mu
hatch
bn
va
to.
Nhn
xt:
Cch 1: Ngon nht, d nht nhng lm hng mt file Acad.pat ca my khch.
Cch 2: Kh hn, d b li nhng y l cch c bn thm cc mu hatch c vo my bn.
Cch 3: D nht, t li v y l cch bn copy hatch ca bn sang cc my khc m khng lm nh
hng ti h.
6. Khi bn lm vic trn mt bn v nng, dng lnh hatch s mt nhiu thi gian. i lc khng
hatch c, i lc CAD thng bo: 1234 selected, DELETED? <N> bn tr li Y th mi tip tc
c v phi ngi ch thm mt lc na CAD tnh ton. Bn cht vn tnh ton ca CAD
nh th no v khc phc iu ny phi lm sao?
Khi lnh Hatch c dng, ACAD s tnh ton ng bin ca i tng hatch mi c to nn bi
bin ca cc i tng ang hin th trn mn hnh. Cc i tng nm trong layer n hay ng bng
s b b qua, cc i tng nm khut ngoi khung nhn (viewport) cng b b qua khng a vo tnh
ton.
Chnh v vy, lnh hatch c nhanh, chng ta cn lm sao s i tng tnh ton ca ACAD l
ti thiu (tng ti a s i tng b b qua ti a). C 2 thao tc cn lm: th nht l n i cc i
tng khng nh hng ti ng bin ca Hatch m chng ta s to, th hai l zoom cng to cng
tt nhng vn hin th phn hatch sp c to ra ( loi b nhng i tng khng tham gia
vo
ng
bin
ca
Hatch
mi).
Vi hai thao tc lm gim khi lng tnh ton ny, chng ta s d dng thy c hiu qu ca thi
gian hatch.

16
7. Min bao ca bn c nhng khong h rt nh nn khng hactch c, d tm cc im y

rt lu, c cch no khc phc khng?
i vi AutoCAD 2007, gii quyt trn vn vn trn vi tnh nng mi ca lnh Hatch.
Cch s dng:
- Ti bng lnh Hatch, click vo phm More Options (Alt + >) hin ra y bng lnh.
- Ti bng lnh, bn nhp vo khong h ln nht.
- V sau s dng lnh hatch nh bnh thng, mi khong h nh hn gi tr Gap s b b qua (xem
nh lin)
Khong h trc khi hatch
Sau khi hatch
8. Lnh SuperHatch trong Express Tools l mt tin ch gip bn d dng to cc mu Hatch t

cc file nh, cc Block, Xref v Wipeuot (vng xo), bn c th iu khin cc kiu nt, dy cc
nh ngha trong Block ca bn cng nh cc lp to nn k hiu mt ct, ngoi ra n cn cung cp
thm nhiu kh nng khc na
9. Nu bn mun to mu hatch trc tuyn, hy dng th cng c ny:

17
V Nhiu T L Trong Mt Bn V AutoCad
Mt vn m ngi v AutoCAD thng xuyn gp phi l lm sao v mt bn v c c t l 1/10 ln 1/25,

1/50, 1/100?
Mi ngi s quen v ph hp vi mt cch v. Nhng tu trung li c 1 s cch c bn sau:
1. Scale hnh v, chuyn dimlfac.
u im:
- D qun l v s dng dim vi text.
Nhc im:
- Kh qun l v s dng i tng khc (VD line, pline, arc, ). By gi bn mun stretch mt i tng sang
10mm, bn phi mt cng nhm mt lc mi bit l nn stretch bao nhiu unit.
Cch ny nng dn, t thy ngi dng
2. V hnh ng t l ri block li v scale ln trc khi cho vo khung.
Khi v, s dng c ng kch thc v c ch ng t l mong mun. V d: mun text in ra cao 2.5mm, khi v
t l 1/10, text s cao l 2.5*10=25 units.
Cn ni bn v 1/10 ny vo bn v 1/50, block i tng thuc phn 1/10 ny li ri scale block vi t l 50/10=5
ln sau cho vo khung bn v 1/50.
Khi cn sa block 1/10 ch cn insert block ng t l 1/1 sang mt ni khc ri dng lnh Refedit sa.
u im:
- Khi sa lun c t l 1/1, cc kch thc rt d nh sa.
- Khng nng my
Nhc im:
- Qu nhiu block trong bn v, mi ln sa li phi s dng lnh refedit d gy li cho bn v.
- Phi thay i t l hatch cho mi t l in, tt nht l scale block ri mi hatch
3. Scale khung tn: [Mnh hay dng cch ny, hi nng dn, khng bit bao gi mi chuyn nghip c
y ><].
- V tt c vi t l 1:1
- To mt dim chun tng ng vi t l 1:1
- Sacle khung tn cho va vi bn v
- To mt Dimention Style t dim chun ng vi t l khung tn va scale bng cch la chn Use overall scale
of bng t l khung tn m bn scale (Lu Height trong Text Style phi t bng 0, Height ca dim phi c
t trong Text height ca Text tab trong Dimention Style]
- Ghi kch thc bnh thng
u im:

18
- V tt c vi t l 1:1, chnh sa d dng, khng cn edit block.

Nhc im:
- Bn v c nhiu t l s sinh ra rt nhiu Dim Style, khi cn hnh trch phi scale vng trch ln => Kh qun l.
4. Dng layout.
Cch ny hay c dng nht, chuyn nghip nht (th nhng mnh vn cha s dng thnh tho c
u im:
- Khng phi bn tm v t l cc chi tit trong qu trnh v. Tt c chi tit u c v t l 1:1
- Khng phi to ra mt ng kiu kch thc khc nhau.
- Khng phi lo cc ch s kich thc c ln nh khc nhau trong cng mt bn v
- Khng cn phi lo b tr cc chi tit nh th no trong qu trnh v
- Khng phi cng mt chi tit nhng li phi v hai t l khc nhau( to hnh trich phng to ra)
- Khng phi lo bn v c in ra khng ng t l. y l iu t hi nht v rt nhiu bn v ca cc Cty nhng khi
pht hnh bn in th t l khng chinh xc. Trong TCVN c qui nh l bn v k thut phi c v ng t l.
- Trong cc phin bn CAD hin ang lu hnh th thm ch c th ghi kch thc cho cc chi tit (c v trong
model) ngay trn layout m vn m bo c tnh lin kt vi chi tit, ngha l nu c thay i t l ca cc chi tit
trong cc viewports th kch thc s t ng iu chnh v tr nhng gi tr kch thc vn th hin kch thc tht
ca chi tit, hay nu nh cn phi di cc viewports n v tr khc th cc kch thc s chy theo, nh l hnh vi
bng.
Nhc im:
- Bn v kh nng khi c nhiu viewport
- Hatch hi cc (Mnh dng AutoCad 2007 nn thy th, nghe ni AutoCad 2008 khc phc c iu ny)
tm hiu thm v layout trong AutoCad bn tham kho thm bi vit sau:

19
Khi Phc Sa Li Bn V
AutoCad
18.01.2011 BY BKMETALX LEAVE A COMMENT
Khi phc bn v AutoCad khi xa nhm:

Mt ngy xu tnh, vo mt lc tm hn v vn no , bn v tnh nhn tay Shift + Del mt file AutoCad quan trng
no m bn mt bao cng xy dng, khng g nn phi lm li t u nh? Vy c nhng cch no c th
cu li nhng bn v v tnh b xa ? Hy th nhng cch sau nh.
Cch 1: To mt th mc backup c nh ti cng ca bn (bn nn thc hin iu ny mi khi ci li Win
phng nhng trng hp xu nht xy ra), khi mi bn v AutoCad ca bn s c t ng to mt bn sao
cng tn v c ui l *.ac$ ti th mc , mi khi mt th tm li v i li ui l .dwg l okie.
Thc hin:
Tools -> Options -> Files -> Automatic Save File Location (dn n th mc nh lu file backup) -> Apply -> OK.
Cch 2: Thng ti th mc cng vi th mc bn v hin hnh, bao gi cng c mt bn v backup do AutoCad
t to ra vi ui l .bak, khi l tay xa mt bn v chnh m file .bak vn cn th bn ch cn i li ui .bak thnh
.dwg v m li bnh thng.
Nhc im: Nu bn l xa c foder th coi nh xong ri ^^
Cch 3: Dng phn mm recover li file, ci ny thuc chuyn mn khc ri, bn sau ^^
Sa li khi phc bn v khi mt in virut ph hoi :
Mt lc no khi bn m bn v AutoCad m nhn c thng bo Unable to load this drawing file because it
contains inrrect or corrupted information . Tc l file b li khng m c thng do b Virus ph hoi, cp in
trong khi ang v th tht l nn nh? N cng khng khc trng hp t tay xa bn v trn l my, nhng cng
khng hn l khng c cch cu li n u. Hy thc hin cc bc sau khi phc li bn v .
Tm li cc file backup d phng nh phn trn:
S dng lnh Recover: Lnh ny cho php bn khi phc li gn nh y ni dung ca file ngun. Sau khi g
lnh bn ch ng dn ti File li v i cho chng trnh chy. Xong xui n s bo cho bn bit tm c bao
nhiu li v sa c bao nhiu thng thng thao tc ny s loi b c khong 60% li thng gp.
Thc hin:
File > Drawing Untilities > Recover
S dng lnh Audit v Purge:
G lnh Audit, chng trnh s hi Fix any errors detected? [Yes/No] <N>: Bn chn Y ri nhn enter AutoCad s
tip tc qut bn v v sa tip nhng li m lnh recover khng th sa c v bn thc hin thao tc ny vi ln
n khi no AutoCad khng tm c li na th thi. n chc sau bn s dng lnh Purge xo b cc
tham chiu khng dng na ra khi bn v (khi, lp, xref) bi v i khi chnh cc tham chiu ny cng c th gy
ra li.

20
Thc hin:
File > Drawing Untilities > Audit
File > Drawing Untilities > Purge


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Tng hp th thut autocad

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

1. Ly li c ca s dng lnh command trong ACAD:

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

ra l khng qun l c). Khi bn xa i tng ny, ACAD t ng Purge

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

11. Hy chn i tng khi nh du chn nhm:

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

C th dng cch command alias editor, vo y tin hnh

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Tng hp th thut autocad

khi v l 1 nhng mun kch thc hin th ng vi kch thc vt tht

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

Di dng lnh vn hin th Select Objects: Bn n Enter 2 ln lin tip thc

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Nhiu khi chng ta cn phi sa tng text mt in cc s theo th t tng

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Tng hp th thut autocad

lt chng bng cch gi Ctrl ri pick chut vo ch c nhiu i tng ln

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Bn thng v ng dim c nt im l gch cho (kiu Architectural tick).

- Nhn ok, ok.

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Tng hp th thut autocad

31. V nhanh cc bn v chi tit vi AutoCad

Tt layer cha bn v gc, hon tt bn v

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Tng hp th thut autocad

bn chn hnh. Nu bn v c kh ln, bn c th photo thu nh v kh A3, A4

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Tng hp th thut autocad

1. i tng b v trng rt xu, gy li sai trong bn v.

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

7. Min bao ca bn c nhng khong h rt nh nn khng hactch c, d tm cc im y

Sau khi hatch

8. Lnh SuperHatch trong Express Tools l mt tin ch gip bn d dng to cc mu Hatch t

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

V Nhiu T L Trong Mt Bn V AutoCad

Mt vn m ngi v AutoCAD thng xuyn gp phi l lm sao v mt bn v c c t l 1/10 ln 1/25,

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

Tng hp th thut autocad

- V tt c vi t l 1:1, chnh sa d dng, khng cn edit block.

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Khi phc bn v AutoCad khi xa nhm:

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Tng hp th thut autocad

Bn c th download ti liu ny v t http://ghic.co.cc

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