1.

3 Cac phan t mach c ban

1.3.1 ien tr (resistor) :
la phan t tai 2 cc , co quan he u,i :

u(t) = R .i(t)
R : gia tr ien tr (resistance) ,n v : Ohm () va cac c
so,boi so cua no.
Bang c so va boi so cua R trong he SI:
T G M k
1012 109 106 103

m n p
10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12

ECA - Ch1.3

 Cac trng hp ac biet :

i.

R = 0 : ngan mach .

ii.

R = : h mach .

i=0

u=0 R=0

ECA - Ch1.3

R=

 ien tr vach mau

Rat thong dung trong thc te la gia tr cac ien tr
cho di dang ma vach mau.
Resistor Value = (b1b2 ) 10b3
b4 = % tolerance in actual value

ECA - Ch1.3

1.3.2 ien dan (conductor)

la phan t tai 2 cc , co quan he u,i :
()

i(t) = G.u(t)
G = 1/R = gia tr ien dan .
n v:

Siemen (S) : he SI.

mho ( ) : he USA.

va cac c so, boi so

nh phan t ien tr.

Cac trng hp ac biet:

i.
ii.

G = 0 : h mach.
G = : ngan mach .
ECA - Ch1.3

1.3.3

Tu ien (capacitor)

La phan t tai 2 cc , quan he ap , dong tren no:

du C
iC = C
dt
C : gia tr ien dung , v Farad (F) & cac c so cua no .
mF

(u)F

nF

pF

10-3

10-6

10-9

10-12

440pF
ECA - Ch1.3

 Tu ien thc :
Tu n gian :
ien moi
Kim loai

C=

A
d

Va cac loai tu ien

thc te :
ECA - Ch1.3

1.3.4

Cuon day (inductor)

La phan t tai 2 cc , quan he ap dong tren no :

uL

diL
= L
dt

L : gia tr ien cam (hay ien cam ban than) (selfinductance), v Henri (H) & cac c so .
mH

nH

pH

10-3

10-6

10-9

10-12

ECA - Ch1.3

Cuon day thc :

ien cam n gian :

NA
L=
d
Va cac loai cuon day : loi khong kh va loi la sat t :

ECA - Ch1.3

1.3.5

Ho cam (mutual inductance)

Mo hnh mach cua he 2 cuon day co tng tac ve t.

Phan t tai 4 cc , co quan he ap , dong tren cac cc:

di1
di2

u 1 = L1 dt M dt

u = L di2 M di1
2
2
dt
dt

M = k C L1 L 2 (H)

0 < kC < 1
ECA - Ch1.3

 Xac nh cc cung ten:

Cc cung ten (ky hieu : * , , ) : xac nh chung t chieu
quan day.

ECA - Ch1.3

10

 Xac nh dau cua he phng trnh

a) Dau cua Tphan ien ap do cam ban than :
b) Dau cua Tphan ien ap do cam ho cam :

a)

b)

c)

d)
ECA - Ch1.3

11

1.3.6 May bien ap ly tng (ideal transf.)

a) Mo hnh: co 2 ieu kien e may bien ap thc c xet vi
mo hnh may bien ap ly tng .

ECA - Ch1.3

12

b) He phng trnh may bien ap ly tng:

T thong moc vong qua 2 cuon day la nh nhau:

d
u1(t) = N1 (t)
dt u1 N1
=
d u2 N2
u2 (t) = N2 (t)
dt
May bien ap khong ton hao :

u1 (t )i1 (t ) + u 2 (t )i 2 (t ) = 0
i1
N2

=
i2
N1
N2
Neu ta at : n =
ECA - Ch1.3
N1

N1
1
u1
u = N = n
2
2

i1 = N 2 = n
i 2
N1

13

1.3.7

Nguon oc lap ly tng

a) Nguon ap oc lap ly tng:

nh ngha:

u = e(t) i =

Ky hieu:
INDEPENDENT VOLTAGE SOURCES

e(t) hay E = sc ien ong cua nguon ap , v (V).

ECA - Ch1.3

14

 Phan loai nguon ap :

Tuy thuoc dang cua sc ien ong e(t) :
voltage

DC

time

Pulsed

AC
Ramp

ECA - Ch1.3

15

 Phan t thc cua nguon ap :

Plug-in 220 V

Power Supply

9V

1.5 V
Car Battery

Electric Power Plant

Solar Cell

13,500 V
ECA - Ch1.3

16

b) Nguon dong oc lap ly tng

nh ngha:
Ky hieu :

i = J(t) u =

INDEPENDENT CURRENT SOURCE

J(t) = gia tr dong ien , v (A).

Phan loai: DC (Direct Current) , AC (Alternating Current)

ECA - Ch1.3

17

 Phan t thc cua nguon dong :

Thng khong phai la mot phan t mach thc ma la mot

mach ien (mot mang mot ca tch cc) , co tnh chat tng
ng nguon dong.

ECA - Ch1.3

18

1.3.8

Nguon phu thuoc ly tng

nh ngha nguon phu thuoc (dependent source) : phan t 4 cc

Phan loai nguon phu thuoc : co 4 loai

ECA - Ch1.3

19

a) Nguon ap phu thuoc ap (VCVS) :

Tn hieu ap b phu thuoc

Sc ien ong cua

nguon
ap
phu
thuoc

He so k1 khong th nguyen
ECA - Ch1.3

20

b) Nguon dong phu thuoc dong (CCCS) :

Tn hieu dong b phu thuoc

Dong ien cua nguon

dong phu thuoc

He so k2 khong th nguyen
ECA - Ch1.3

21

c) Nguon dong phu thuoc ap (VCCS) :

Tn hieu ap b phu thuoc

Dong ien cua nguon

dong phu thuoc

He so k3 th nguyen S
ECA - Ch1.3

22

d) Nguon ap phu thuoc dong (CCVS) :

Tn hieu dong b phu thuoc

Sc ien ong cua

nguon ap phu thuoc

He so k4 th nguyen
ECA - Ch1.3

23

 Phan t thc cua nguon phu thuoc :

Thong thng la mo hnh toan cua cac phan t ban dan .

ECA - Ch1.3

24

1.3.9

Phan t nguon thc te

Cac nguon ap thc hay nguon dong thc thng khong thoa
t/chat cua nguon ly tng . V du ap ra thay oi theo dong.
Do o , phan t nguon thc phai co s o tng ng:

Nguon ap thc

Nguon dong thc

ECA - Ch1.3

25