Professional Documents
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NHIM V
THIT K N TT NGHIP
H v tn : Trnh H Dng
H o tao: Chnh Quy
Kha: (2009 2014 );
Ngnh : in t - Vin thng
B mn: in t - Vin thng
Khoa : K thut & Cng ngh
1. Tn ti thit k:
................................................................................................................................................................
2. Cc s liu ban u:
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. Cn b hng dn:
H tn cn b hng dn
Phn hng dn
Ton phn
Ths L Th Cm H
TRNG B MN
TRNG KHOA
Sinh vin hon thnh
Ngy thng .... nm 2014
Trnh H Dng
MC LC
MC LC..........................................................................................................................i
THUT NG VIT TT................................................................................................iv
LI NI U...................................................................................................................1
CHUNG 1: TNG QUAN V IPTV..........................................................................3
1.1. Khi nim....................................................................................................................3
1.2. Cu trc mng IPTV................................................................................................5
1.2.1. C s ha tng ca mang IPTV..................................................................................5
1.2.1.2 Mang truy cp bng thng rng............................................................................6
1.2.1.3. Thit b khch hng IPTV (IPTVCD)..................................................................6
1.2.1.4. Mang gia nh.......................................................................................................6
1.2.2. Cu trc chc nng cho dch v IPTV...................................................................7
1.2.2.1. Cung cp ni dung................................................................................................7
1.2.2.2 . Phn phi ni dung.............................................................................................8
1.2.2.3 . iu khin IPTV.................................................................................................8
1.2.2.4. Chc nng vn chuyn IPTV................................................................................8
1.2.2.5. Chc nng thu bao.............................................................................................9
1.3. Vn phn phi IPTV............................................................................................9
1.3.1. IP Unicast..............................................................................................................10
1.3.2. IP Broadcast..........................................................................................................12
1.3.3. IP Multicast.........................................................................................................12
1.4. Cc cng ngh cho IPTV..........................................................................................14
1.4.1. Vn s l ni dung............................................................................................14
1.4.2. VoD v Video server.............................................................................................15
ii
1.4.3. Cc h thng h tr hoat ng................................................................................17
1.5. Cc dch v v ng dng ca IPTV.........................................................................19
1.5.1. Truyn hnh qung b k thut s...........................................................................19
1.5.2. Video theo yu cu VoD........................................................................................20
1.5.3. Qung co c a ch..............................................................................................21
CHNG 2: CC K THUT PHN PHI MNG IPTV...................................22
2.1. Cc loi mng truy cp bng rng...........................................................................22
2.2.1. Mang quang th ng...........................................................................................24
2.2.1.1. BPON.................................................................................................................26
2.2.1.2. EPON..................................................................................................................27
2.2.1.3. GPON..................................................................................................................27
2.2.2. Mang quang tch cc..............................................................................................28
2.3. IPTV PHN PHI TRN MNG ADSL............................................................28
2.3.1. ADSL.....................................................................................................................28
2.3.2. ADSL2...................................................................................................................31
2.3.3. VDSL.....................................................................................................................31
2.4.1. Tng quan v k thut HFC...................................................................................34
2.4.2. IPTV phn phi trn mang truyn hnh cp...........................................................36
2.5. IPTV phn phi trn mng internet.......................................................................38
2.5.1. Cc knh truyn hnh Internet streaming...............................................................38
2.5.2. Download Internet..................................................................................................40
2.5.3. Chia s video ngang hng......................................................................................41
2.6. Cc cng ngh cho mng li IPTV...........................................................................41
2.6.1. ATM v SONET/SDH...........................................................................................42
2.6.2. IP v MPLS...........................................................................................................43
iii
2.6.3. Metro Ethernet.......................................................................................................45
CHNG 3: QUN L MNG IPTV........................................................................48
3.1. H thng qun l mng IPTV..................................................................................48
3.1.1. S dng giao thc SNMP qun l mang IPTV.................................................51
3.1.2. Qun l thit b bng trnh duyt web....................................................................55
3.1. Qun l ci t..........................................................................................................56
3.2. Gim st thc thi v kim tra mng.......................................................................58
3.4. Qun l v d phng................................................................................................61
3.5. Qun l khng gian a ch IP..................................................................................62
3.6. X l cc s c IPTV.................................................................................................64
3.7. Qun l quyn ni dung s......................................................................................65
3.8. Qun l cht lng dch v QoS............................................................................67
3.8.1. kh dng ca mang..........................................................................................68
3.8.2 Phn lp dch v.....................................................................................................68
3.8.3. Cc cam kt cp dch v...................................................................................70
CHNG 4: TNH HNH PHT TRIN H THNG IPTV TI VIT NAM.........71
4.1. Tnh hnh pht trin dch v IPTV ton cu............................................................72
4.2. Gii thiu dch v- sn phm IPTV ca VNPT.......................................................75
4.2.1. Gii thiu dch v....................................................................................................75
4.2.2. Sn phm- dch v ca MyTV................................................................................79
4.3. Gii thiu dch v- sn phm IPTV ca FPT..........................................................80
4.4. Gii thiu dch v- sn phm IPTV ca VTC.........................................................83
4.5. Gii thiu dch v- sn phm IPTV ca Viettel.......................................................88
KT LUN...................................................................................................................xvii
TI LIU THAM KHO.............................................................................................xix
iv
THUT NG VIT TT
T vit
tt
Ting Anh
Ting Vit
A
AS
Application Server
My ch ng dng
AVC
AON
ATM
Mode truyn dn bt ng b
BER
T s li bit
B-RAS
CAS
CATV
Cable Television
Truyn hnh cp
CBR
Tc bit c nh
CDMA
CDN
CDR
CMPQM
Metric
c mu
CN
Core Network
Mang li
CPE
CSCF
CSF
CMTS
CPU
n v x l trung tm
DF
Delay Factor
H s tr
DHCP
Protocol
DRM
Qun l bn quyn s
DSL
ng dy thu bao s
DSLAM
Multiplexer
dy thu bao s
DVB
Qung b video s
DVD
a video k thut s
DWDM
Multiplexing
Mt bc sng
DVB-C
DVB-Cable
DVB - cp
DVB-H
DVB-Handheld
DVB - cm tay
DVB-S
DVB-Satellite
DVB - v tinh
DVR
B ghi video s
vi
EPG
Ch dn chng trnh in t
ETSI
European Telecommunication
Standard Institute
EVC
Kt ni o Ethernet
FEC
FTTH
Dy dn ti tn nh
FTP
FTTC
Cp quang ti l ng
FTTN
Cp quang ti vng ln cn
FTTRO
FTTP
Dy dn n tn ni
GPRS
GOP
Group of Picture
Nhm hnh nh
GIE
Gigabit Ethernet
HA
High Availability
HD
Hight Definition
vii
HDTV
HTTP
HTTPS
Secure
HFC
Cp si lai
HG
Home Gateway
Cng nh
HLR
B ng k nh v thng tr
HSS
HTML
Ngn ng nh du siu vn
bn
I-CSCF
Interrogating-CSCF
CSCF Truy vn
IETF
IMS
IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP
Internet Protocol
IPR
Quyn li ti sn tr tu
IPTV
IP Television
ITU-T
International Telecommunications
Union-Telecommunication
thng quc t
Standardization Sector
IPTVCD
IRD
ISP
Nh cung cp dch v
ISDN
IGMP
Protocol
Internet
viii
JVT
LAN
Mang cc b
LSR
LIR
MGCF
MLR
T l mt phng tin
MMD
Multimedia Domain
MEF
MIB
MOS
MPEG
Hi phim nh th gii
MPTS
ix
trnh
MPQM
MRFC
B iu khin ti nguyn a
phng tin
MPLS
MSE
NGN
Mang th h k tip
NMS
NTSC
NationalTelevision System
Committee
P
PAT
PCR
PID
Packet Identification
Nhn dang gi
PMT
PON
Mang quang th ng
PSTN
Network
POTS
thng n gin
PC
Personal Computer
My tnh c nhn
PPV
Pay-per-view
PS
Packet Switch
Chuyn mach gi
PSI
PSNR
PSTN
Network
cng cng
PVR
QoS
Quality of Service
QoE
Quality of Experience
QAM
iu ch bin cu phng
RTP
RTSP
RF
Radio Frequency
Tn s v tuyn
Streaming : Phng thc phn phi video hoc ni dung khc trn mang
trong cc lung ni tip nhau theo mt t l ph hp vi tc d liu c s
xi
Protocol
lung
SDI
SHE
B u cui
SD
Standard Definition
SDH
Ghp knh cp s ng b
SMIL
Synchronized Multimedia
Integrated Language
SNMP
Protocol
gin
SLA
SONET
Mang quang ng b
SPTS
STB
Hp t trn nc (TV)
TCP
TDM
TDMA
TS
Lung vn ti
TTL
Time to Live
xii
UA
User Agent
UE
User Equipment
URL
B xc nh a ch ti nguyn
ton cu
UDP
VCR
VoD
Video on Demand
Video theo yu cu
VoIP
Voice over IP
Thoai qua IP
VLAN
Mang LAN o
VPN
Mang ring o
VQM
WAN
WLAN
Wireless LAN
WDM
WM
Windows Media
xv
DANH MC BNG
Bng 2.1. So snh cc cng ngh mng PON: BPON, EPON v EPON...................27
Bng 2.2: So snh cc cng ngh DSL.............................................................................33
Bng 2.3 Cc chun OC SONET..................................................................................43
Bng 2.4 nh dng MPLS header...................................................................................45
DANH MC HNH
Hnh 1.1 M hnh h thng IPTV end-to-end................................................................5
Hnh 1.2 Cu trc chc nng cho dch v IPTV............................................................7
Hnh 1.3 Cc thnh phn ca cu trc chc nng.........................................................9
Hnh 1.4 Cc kt ni Unicast cho nhiu user IPTV.....................................................11
Hnh 1.5 Cc kt ni c s dng trong k thut Multicast...........................13
Hnh 1.6 Cu trc h thng VoD.......................................................................................16
Hnh 1.7 M hnh trin khai server...................................................................................17
Hnh 2.1 Mng IPTV FTTH s dng cng ngh PON................................................25
Hnh 2.2. IPTV trn mng ADSL...................................................................................30
Hnh 2.3. Mng HFC end-to-end....................................................................................36
Hnh 2.4 M hnh trin khai cu trc mng IPTV cp quang kt hp IP v RF............37
Hnh 2.5 Cu trc mng cc knh truyn hnh Internet.........................................................39
Hnh 2.6 H tng mng li IPTV..................................................................................... 42
Hnh 2.7 Topology mng li MPLS.................................................................................... 46
Hnh 2.8. S dng cc ECV kt ni IPTV qua li mng.....................................................47
Hnh 3.1. H thng SNMP n gin................................................................................. 53
Hnh 3.2 Lin kt h thng qun l mng IPTV................................................................ 55
Hnh 3.3 Cu trc qun l da trn trnh duyt web............................................................ 56
Hnh 3.4 Thit k mng h tr d phng.............................................................................62
xvi
Hnh 3.5: M hnh khi h thng DRMn gin............................................................67
Hnh 3.6: Qun l cht lng dch v QoS..................................................................... 68
Hnh 3.7 V d s dng ba hng i c quyn u tin....................................................71
Hnh 4.4. Dch v- sn phm MyTv................................................................................77
Hnh 4.5. Dch v truyn hnh trn internet....................................................................77
Hnh 4.6. Dch v theo yu cu........................................................................................78
Hnh 4.7. Dch v tng tc v gi tr gia tng................................................................79
Hnh 4.1. Top 10 quc gia c doanh thu truyn hnh k thut s hng u vo nm
2017................................................................................................................................. 74
Hnh 4.2. D bo IPTV ton cu.....................................................................................75
Hnh 4.3. Nhm 5 quc gia dn u v s thu bao chi tr cho IPTV.............................75
Hnh 4.8. B gii m STB ca MyTv.............................................................................. 80
Hnh 4.9. Dch v truyn hnh OneTV............................................................................82
Hnh 4.10. Phim trn knh HBO.....................................................................................82
Hnh 4.11. Mc phim truyn trn Onetv.........................................................................83
Hnh 4.12. Dch v ca nhc trn Onetv........................................................................... 84
Hnh 4.13. Hp gii tr a phng tin ZTV ca VTC................................................... 85
Hnh 4.14. Xem theo yu cu trn ZTV.......................................................................... 87
Hnh 4.15. Dch v gii tr trc tuyn..............................................................................89
Hnh 4.16. Sn phm- dch v NetTV ca Viettel........................................................... 90
Hnh 4.17. Chc nng xem 2 knh truyn hnh mt lc ca NetTV...............................91
Hnh 4.18. Xem video, phim theo yu cu trn NetTV................................................... 91
LI NI U
Ngy nay, chng ta ang sng trong k nguyn ca truyn thng a phng
tin,nhiu dch v, cng ngh hi t s c cung cp n ngi
dng,trong khng th khng nhc n cng ngh IPTV.
IPTV l dch v truyn ti hnh nh k thut s ti ngi s dng da trn
giao thc IP trn mang Internet kt ni bng thng rng,hin ang pht
trin manh m v tin ti v tr ch cht trong cng nghip truyn hnh thu
ph v cng l dch v thu ht c s ch ca rt nhiu cc cng ty
Vin thng trn th gii.IPTV ang l cp cao nht v l cng ngh
truyn hnh thnh hnh ca tng lai. Khc vi cc cng ngh ca truyn
hnh truyn thng ch c kh nng cung cp thng tin nh tuyn mt chiu
th IPTV lai c kh nng tao ra tnh tng tc hai chiu gia khch hng
vi dch v,tao nn s hp dn v u th vt tri.IPTV l mt h thng
nhiu tin ch,chng ta c th nhn cng lc c cc tn hiu truyn hnh v
Video song song vi cc dch v a phng tin khc trn cng mt kt ni
Internet. C th, IPTV s dng mt kt ni bng thng rng v mt h
thng mang phn phi cc chng trnh truyn hnh s dng giao thc IP.
Trn th gii IPTV c trin khai manh m v thu c li nhun rt
ln.Tai Vit nam,IPTV tr ln kh gn gi i vi nhng ngi s dng
Internet. IPTV c cng ty FPT tin phong cung cp dch v u tin vo
thng 3/2006,n thng 5/2009 th VNPT bt u cung cp IPTV. Ngy
nay, c thm nhiu cng ty khc nh SPT,VTC a IPTV,
VoD.ra th trng. Nh vy, c th thy th trng IPTV tai Vit nam
mi ch giai oat u cho nn tim nng v xu hng pht trin l rt ln.
Mong mun tm hiu nhng cng ngh mi ngy cng ng dng rng ri
trong i sng,sau mt thi gian tm hiu cng vi s hng dn tn tnh
Trnh H Dng
cu trn mt mang ring. Theo t chc Lin Hip Vin Thng Quc T
ITU thi IPTV l dich v a phng tin bao gm truyn hinh, video,
audio, vn bn, ha v d liu qua mt mng IP v c qun l
cung cp mc yu cu ca cht lng dich v v s tri nghim, tnh
bo mt, tnh tng tc v tin cy.
IPTV c mt s im c trng sau:
H tr truyn hnh tng tc: Kh nng ca h thng IPTV n
cho php cc nh cung cp dch v phn phi y cc ng dng ca
truyn hnh tng tc. Cc dang dch v IPTV c th c phn phi bao
gm chun truyn hnh trc tip, truyn hnh hnh nh cht lng cao
HDTV (High Definition Television), cc tr chi tng tc v truy cp
Internet tc cao.
Dch thi gian: IPTV kt hp vi mt b ghi hnh video s cho
php dch chuyn thi gian xem ni dung chng trnh, y l mt k
thut ghi hnh v lu tr ni dung c th xem lai sau.
Tnh c nhn: Mt h thng IPTV t kt cui n kt
cui(end-to- end) h tr thng tin c tnh hai chiu v cho php cc user
xem cc chng trnh theo s thch, thi quenHay c th hn l cho cc
user xem ci g h mun vo bt k lc no.
Yu cu bng thng thp: thay th cho vic phn phi mi
knh cho mi user, cng ngh IPTV cho php cc nh cung cp dch v
ch phn phi cc knh m user yu cu. y l im hp dn cho php
cc nh khai thc mang bo ton c bng thng ca h.
Nhiu thit b c th s dng c: Vic xem ni dung IPTV
khng gii han vic dng Tivi. Khch
hinh 1
cp cc dch v IPTV.
Nhng nhc im ch mang ca IPTV chnh l kh nng mt
d liu rt cao v s chm tr truyn tn hiu. Nu nh ng kt ni
mang ca ngi dng khng tht s tt cng nh khng bng thng cn
thit th khi xem chng trnh s rt d b git hay vic chuyn knh c th
tn kh nhiu thi gian ti v. Thm vo na nu my ch ca nh
cung cp dch v khng manh th khi s lng ngi xem truy cp
vo olng lm cho cht lng dch v gim st. Tuy nhin cng ngh
mang Internet cng ngy cng pht trin manh m y bng thng kt ni
ln cao hn gp phn gip IPTV khc phc nhc im ni trn v bin
thnh cng ngh truyn hnh ca tng lai.
1.2. Cu trc mng IPTV
1.2.1. C s h tng ca mng IPTV
10
11
12
Nh trn hnh 1.4, khi nhiu user IPTV truy cp cng mt knh IPTV tai
cng mt thi im, th mt s cc kt ni nh hng c thit lp qua
mang.Trong v d ny, server cn cung cp kt ni ti mi thu bao c
yu cu truy cp Knh10,vi tng s l nm lung ring r bt u t
server ni dung v kt thc tai router ch.
1.3.2. IP Broadcast
Cc mang IP cng h tr chc nng truyn broadcast, v mt no
ging nh knh IPTV c a ti mi thit b truy cp c kt ni
vo mang bng rng. Khi mt server c cu hnh truyn broadcast,
mt knh IPTV gi ti tt c cc thit b IPTVCD c kt ni vo mang
bt chp thu bao c yu cu knh hay khng. y s l vn chnh do
cc ti nguyn IPTVCD bt buc phi hoat ng x l cc gi tin khng
mong mun. Mt vn khc m broadcast khng ph hp cho cc
ng dng IPTV l trong thc t k thut truyn thng tin ny khng h tr
vic nh tuyn. T lu, hu ht cc mang m rng vic s dng
cc router, nhng nu truyn broadcast th khng s dng nh
tuyn. y l l do lm mang v cc thit b IPTVCD khc b trn
ngp khi tt c cc knh c gi ti tt c mi ngi.
1.3.3. IP Multicast
Trong pham vi trin khai IPTV, mi nhm multicast
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
s dng phn phi cc dch v IPTV. Vic phn phi cc knh ring
bit cho cc dch v khc nhau gip loai b c can nhiu.
2.2.1.2. EPON
Mang th ng EPON(Ethernet PON) l mang PON s dng
Ethernet lm c ch truyn dn. Cc tc h tr ph thuc vo khong
cch gia OLT v ONT. Lu rng cc mang EPON ch h tr lu lng
mang Ethernet.
2.2.1.3. GPON
Mang quang th ng GPON (Gigabit PON) l h thng truy cp
da trn tiu chun G.984 ca ITU-T. GPON v c bn l nng cp cho
BPON, GPON h tr cho cc tc truyn dn hng xung cao hn,
c th l 2,5Gbits hng xung v 1,5 Gbits hng ln, y l cc tc
at c cho khong cch ln ti 20 km. Ngoi ra GPON cn h
tr cc giao thc nh Ethernet, ATM v SONET, v cc c tnh bo an
c ci tin.
Bng 2.1. Sosnh cc cng ngh mng PON: BPON, EPON v EPON
Giao thc
PON
Tc
truyn dn
Ch yu l
Up: 155 Mbps
BPON
G.893
ATM v IP
Down: 622
trn Ethernet
Mbps
cng c s
dng
28
GPON
EPON
G.894
P802.3ah
Ethernet v
Down:2,5Gbps
SONET
Up: 1,25Gbps
Gigabit
29
gi tn hiu truyn hnh cht lng chun trn mang truy cp DSL. Vic
tng qu trnh thc thi c yu cu cho IPTV c th at c bng cch
trin khai cc cng ngh DSL nh ADSL, ADSL2+ v VDSL.
2.3.1. ADSL
ng dy thu bao k thut s bt i xng ADSL l k thut
trong h xDSL c s dng rng ri nht hin nay trn cc mang vin
thng th gii. ADSL l cng ngh kt ni im - im, n cho php cc
nh cung cp vin thng phn phi cc dch v bng thng rng trn
ng dy cp ng in thoai ang tn tai.
Bng vic s dng cc k thut c trng, ADSL cho php tc
downstream l 8 Mbps v tc upstream l 1,5 Mbps. Bi vy, mt kt
ni ADSL ch cho ng thi hai knh truyn hnh qung b theo chun
MPEG- 2 v mt kt ni Internet tc cao. im tr ngai chnh ca
ADSL l ph thuc vo khong cch tnh t trung tm d liu ca nh cung
cp ti nh khch hng. Dch v ADSL gii han khong cch trn l 18.000
ft hay 5,5 Km.
Cc thit b ADSL cung cp mt kt ni k thut s trn mang
PSTN, tuy nhin tn hiu truyn l tn hiu tng t. Cc mach ADSL phi
s dng tn hiu tng t v mang mach vng ni hat (local loop)
khng c kh nng truyn cc tn hiu m ha dang s.
30
31
32
ADSL(Reach): c gi l ADSL m rng hay vit tt l READSL2 (ADSL- Reach). RE-ADSL2 cho php cc nh cung cp dch v
IPTV tng khong cch ln ti 6 Km tnh t tng i trung tm gn nht
ti nh thu bao. N l cng ngh tt nht thc thi c trong gii han v
khong cch v tc trn cc si cp ng.
2.3.3. VDSL
ng dy thu bao s tc cao VDSL (Very high speed Digital
Subscriber Line) da trn nhng nguyn l c bn nh cng ngh
ADSL2+. N l cng ngh DSL mi nht v phc tap nht tai thi im
ny, v n c pht trin khc phc cc khuyt im ca cc
phin bn cng ngh truy cp ADSL trc y. N loai tr c hin tng
tht c trai v h tr kh nng tc rt ln cho php cc nh cung
cp dch v iu kin a ra cho cc thu bao IPTV rt nhiu dch
v la chn bao gm c VoD v truyn hnh qung b nh dang HD.
VDSL cng c thit k h tr cc truyn dn ca chuyn mach
ATM v lu lng IP trn cp ng. Mt s thnh vin trong h gia
nhVDSL nh sau:
VDSL1: N hoat ng tai tc gii han cao hn 55 Mbps cho knh
hng xung v 15 Mbps cho hng ln. Tuy nhin n ch hoat ng
c trong khong cch ngn.
VDSL2: L mt ci tin t VDSL1
v c nh ngha trong
33
Cng ngh
Downsteam Uptream
DSL
ADSL
(Mbps)
8
(Mbps)
1
Khong
cch (km)
5.5 km
Cc dch v c h
tr
Mt knh video SD
nn MPEG-2, truy
cp Internet tc
cao v cc dch v
VoIp.
ADSL2
12
6.5 km
ADSL+
25
6 km
Nm knh video SD
34
6 km
Nm knh video SD
MPEG-2 hoc hai
knh HD MPEG-4,
truy cp Internet tc
cao v cc dch v
VoIP.
VDSL1
55
15
Vi trm
mt
SD MPEG-2 hoc
nm knh HD
MPEG-4, truy cp
Internet tc cao
v cc dch v VoIP.
VDSL2(Long 30
30
Reach)
MPEG-2 hoc mi
knh HD MPEG-4,
truy cp Internet tc
cao v cc dch v
VoIP.
VDSL2
100
100
350 km
( Short
SD MPEG-2 hoc
Reach)
mi knh HD
MPEG-4, truy cp
Internet tc cao
35
v cc dch v VoIP.
36
37
gii m STB.
Bng thng d tha cho php cc nh khai thc mang cp truyn
hnh c th phn phi cc dch v v ni dung IPTV ti thu bao ca h.
Nhng nh khai thc mang cp truyn hnh c th o ac v gim st
mt cch chnh xc ni dung xem ca mi thu bao. y l mt c tnh
quan trng cho cc nh khai thc mun tao thm doach thu bng qung co.
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40
41
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43
Cp OC
Tc truyn dn d liu
OC-1 (tc c s)
51,84 Mbps
OC-3
155,52 Mbps
OC-12
622,08 Mbps
OC-24
1,224 Gbps
OC-48
2,488 Gbps
OC-192
10 Gbps
OC-256
13,271 Gbps
OC-768
40 Gbps
SONET s dng ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian TDM ( Time
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gi tin IPTV. Cc thnh phn ca MPLS header c gii thch trong bng
2.4.
Tn trng bit
di trng
Chc nng
bit (bit)
Nhn
20
Cc bit d tr
Stacking bit
Mt header c th cha mt
hoc nhiu nhn. Mt khi
stacking bit c thit lp,
LSR s nhn dng c nhn
sau cng trong gi.
y l gi tr c copy t
trng TTL trong IP header
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xc.
Cu hnh mutlicast: Nu phng thc multicast c s dng trong
IPTV, mt phn ca tin trnh ci t phi kim tra lai tt c cc thit b
mang c kh nng tao lung multicast. Tin trnh ny c th yu cu
phn mm hoc cc chng trnh nng cp phn cng trong cc thit b
mang, v d nh cc router.
Cu hnh h tng qun l mng: Mt ci tin ln ca cc mang
IPTV trn nn IP l cc mang vt l ging nhau c th c s
dng gi v nhn cc lnh qun l mang v truyn dn video, vi iu
kin l c cung cp kh nng thng tin hai chiu (two-way).
Qun l vic di di v lp rp thit b: Mi ln cc thit b c di
di hoc lp t lai th cn phi cu hnh lai h thng m bo
khng c cc thng bo li v v tr vt l ca thit b.
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liu ti v thng bo cho nhn vin k thut khi thit b li. Mt s dang
d liu c thu thp v phn tch bi h thng gim st thc thi nh sau:
Li bit: Mt s loai mang bao gm mt byte kim tra tng hoc kim
tra chn l s ch ra cc bit hoc cc gi tin b thay i.
Li bit: Mt s loai mang bao gm mt byte kim tra tng hoc kim
tra chn l s ch ra cc bit hoc cc gi tin b thay i.
Cc gi mt: Trong trng hp nghn mang, mt s thit b s khng
gi c ht s gi, v th lung tn hiu s b mt cc gi . Thng qua
vic gim st s lng gi b mt tai cc v tr khc nhau trong mang,
cc nh khai thc mang s xc nh c dung lng cn tng ln, s
lng router cn xy dng thm cho dch v hoc cc lin kt cn phi
c bo dng.
Cc trng thi ca thu bao: Tt c cc loai d liu thu thp v thu
bao c phn tch xc nh xem c vn g xy ra vi cc kt ni t
pha
thu bao hay khng, t sm pht cnh bo v cc s c trn mang.
Cc hot ng ng nhp ca user : D liu ny c th ch ra cc
user ang gp s c khi truy cp h thng hoc user gian ln v quyn
truy cp, v d nh c nhiu user ging nhau truy cp vo h thng tai
nhiu v tr khc nhau trong cng mt thi im.
Gim st h thng bo an: Thng qua vic thu thp d liu v qu
trnh thc thi ca h thng bo an, cc nh khai thc c th xc nh
cc firewall ang lm vic chnh xc, cc ngun tn cng mang t bn
trong hoc bn ngoi, cung cp cc cnh bo v virus. Thng tin ny cng
c th c s dng sau khi mt l thng bo an c xc nh tm ra
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nh
phi thay th thit b mi.
Mng trong nh khch hng: Cc s c nh ng i dy trong nh b
hng, cp km cht lng, virus, ci t a ch IP khng ng v driver
khng ph hp tt c u c th tc ng ti dch v IPTV. H thng
qun l t xa kt hp vi in thoai hoc e-mail h tr thng c s
dng x l cc s c xut hin trn mang trong nh khch hng.
Nh cung cp ni dung bn ngoi: Vic tip nhn ni dung l nhng
video c m ha km cht lng tao nn cc s c v truyn dn. Khi s
c c nhn bit nh cung cp th 3 ny cn c thng bo v x l
s c.
3.7. Qun l quyn ni dung s
Qun l quyn ni dung s DRM (Digital Right Management) l mt tp
hp cc nh ngha v cc c ch c s dng iu khin truy cp ni
dung thng qua vic mt m hoc cc phng php khc. DRM lun lun l
mt yu cu s dng trong vic cung cp ni dung video thi gian gn
y trn h thng phn phi IPTV cng nh h thng truyn hnh cp v
truyn hnh v tinh. Cc chnh sch DRM c th rt cht ch hoc cng c
th rt bung lng; quyn s hu ni dung xc nh cc chnh sch
kim sot. Mt khi cc chnh sch ny c xc nh, trch nhim ca h
thng DRM l lm cho cc chnh sch ny c hiu lc. Trn hnh 3.5 l m
hnh khi n gin ca mt h
thng DRM.
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Chnh sch QoS c vach ra mong mun thc hin v qun l cht lng
dch v theo k hoach c th v thng qua h thng bo hiu QoS ra
lnh cho cc c ch chp hnh tai cc nt mang thc hin nhim v .
3.8.1. kh dng ca mng
kh dng ca mang l mt n v o phn thi gian mang sn
sng c s dng bi khch hng. Mt mang c gi l khng kh dng
khi n khng th s dng cho cc lu lng khch hng, do mang mt
cc kt ni hon ton hoc t l li cao qu mc. Cc kt ni mang mt
hon ton xut hin khi cc kt ni khng c kh nng hoat ng, l khi
cp quang b t hoc mt ngun tai mt thit b no . Mt t l li cao
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3
qu mc thng c nh ngha l t l li 10 ngha l c mt bit li
trong 1000 bit c pht i, n cng c th n n mt li trong gi.
Trong thc t, kh dng ca mang c o bng t l phn trm
ca tng s thi gian mang sn sng c s dng trn tng s thi gian
o ac. V d, mt nh cung cp cam kt t l kh dng ca mang l
99,99%, hay thi gian dch v khng kh dng l 52 pht trong mt
nm. Tuy nhin, xt cho cng khong thi gian mang khng kh dng c
th c tnh, v thc cht thi gian khng vi pham cam kt cp dch
v SLA.
3.8.2 Phn lp dch v
Phn lp dch v c s dng a ra cc dang d liu ca cc
lp cp dch v khc nhau truy cp ti nguyn mang. Cc nh qun tr
mang IPTV c th n nh cc lp dch v khc nhau vo cc loai ng
dng khc nhau, ty thuc vo cp thc thi cn thit. Trong mi trng
IPTV s c th t cc lung video phn phi cho thu bao, v d liu
video cn ti ch mt cch mt m, lin tip. Trn mang truyn dn c
nhiu loai lu lng, do at c mc ch trn mt phng thc c
s dng l n nh phn lp dch v cho lu lng video. Khi , n ra
lnh cho router hoc thit b mang khc a ra quyn u tin cho cc gi
tin ny.
Trn hnh 3.6 trnh by ba hng i quyn u tin khc nhau; chng
ta s gi ba quyn u tin ln lt l cao, trung bnh v thp. Cc hng i
ny hoat ng nh sau: cc gi tin mi i vo pha sau ca hng i v
i cho n khi chng tin ln pha u ca hng i trc khi c
pht i. Trong trng hp ny, tt c hng i ang ua tranh, nhng
ch c mt u ra n, v th cn phi n nh cc quy lut hoat ng:
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Tng trng doanh thu trn ton th gii cho cc dch v IPTV trong
nm nm tip theo s tng nhanh hn trong nhng khng gian truyn hnh
tr tin ton cu tng th, d bo th trng pht hnh th t cho bit .
IPTV ton cu c thm 100 triu thu bao. Bao gm 97 quc gia , s
lng nh tr tin cho IPTV s tng tc chng mt n 167 triu vo
cui nm 2018, tng t 69 triu vo cui nm 2012 v t ch c 13 triu
vo cui nm 2008, theo mt bo co mi t cng ty chuyn nghin cu
truyn hnh k thut s .
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Hnh 4.3. Nhm 5 quc gia dn u v s thu bao chi tr cho IPTV.
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Dich v tng tc v gi tri gia tng: bao gm cc th loai: Chc nng tua
i - tua lai, tam dng, lu tr. Dch v gi v nhn th qua TV, Dch v tin
nhn qua TV, Dch v in thoai thy hnh, Dch v hi ngh truyn hnh,
Dch v c bo trn TV, Dch v thng tin qua truyn hnh.
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MyTV - dch v truyn hnh a phng tin c pht trin da trn cng
ngh IPTV mang n cho khch hng hnh thc gii tr khc bit:
TRUYN HNH THEO YU CU.
S dng dch v MyTV, khch hng khng ch dng lai vic xem truyn
hnh n thun m c th xem bt c chng trnh no mnh yu thch vo
bt k thi im no v s dng nhiu dch v khc qua mn hnh tivi nh:
xem phim theo yu cu, ht karaoke, chi game, nghe nhac,
s dng dch v MyTV, ngoi mn hnh tivi tai nh, khch hng cn c:
- ng truyn ADSL ca VNPT.
- B gii m Set top box.
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MyTV - c truyn
MyTV - Sc khe & lm p
MyTV - Kt qu x s
MyTV - Thng tin cn bit
MyTV - Tin tc
MyTV - o tao t xa
MyTV - Tip th truyn hnh
MyTV - Pht thanh
MyTV - Chia s hnh nh
MyTV - Gio dc o tao
4.3. Gii thiu dch v- sn phm IPTV ca FPT
OneTV l dch v Truyn hnh tng tc u tin tai Vit Nam do Cng
ty C phn Vin Thng FPT (FPT Telecom) th nghim v cung cp.
OneTV c nng cp ton din v h thng v ni dung trn c s dch v
truyn hnh tng tc iTV. Tn hiu truyn hnh c truyn qua ha tng
Internet bng rng, thng qua b gii m truyn thng ln tivi. Ngoi tnh
nng truyn hnh thng thng, dch v OneTV cn cung cp nhiu tin ch
gii tr tt c trong mt. OneTV tch hp cc cng c mang x hi
ngi dng khng ch nhn cc ni dung m cn c th ch ng chia s
ni dung ca h vi ban b, cng ng thng qua h thng kt ni c
xy dng trn rt nhiu dch v ni dung ca FPT.
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- Truyn hinh: 75 knh truyn hnh trong v ngoi nc c sc, chn lc,
trong min ph 30 knh truyn hnh. c bit, vi tnh nng Truyn hnh
xem lai ngi dng c th xem lai chng trnh truyn hnh pht trong
vng 48 gi ca 10 knh VTV1, VTV2, VTV3, HTV2, HTV3, HTV7,
HTV9, Vnh Long 1, Thun Vit, HTVC-Movies, bt c lc no, m
khng cn l thuc vo lch pht sng ca i.
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thng.
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thc giao din, hiu ng v tri nghim ngi dng thn thin. Mn hnh
sp xp v hin th sn cc thng tin v tng chng trnh nh th loai,
poster, thng tin m t, lng rating, s ln xem, qun l cc chng trnh
xem hoc c sn trn thit b, Giao din tm kim thun li, h tr bn
phm o ring, gip ngi dng tm chnh xc ni dung theo yu cu.
Ci t ng dng, phn mm: ZTV cung cp danh sch cc ng dng
phong ph bao gm game, ng dng vn phng, thng tin, gii tr, gio
dc, chm sc sc khe tng thch vi tng dng thit b. Cc ng
dng c phn loai theo ng dng mi nht, ng dng ph bin c
xut, ng dng c ti nhiu nht. Mi ng dng bao gm cc thng tin:
hnh ai din, tn ng dng, m t, nh pht trin Cc ng dng c t
ng kim tra phin bn v thng bo nu c bn cp nht mi.
m nhc: Dch v m nhac v karaoke ca ZTV c pht trin trn nn
tng in ton m my, cho php thit b c th s dng kho d liu m
nhac phong ph vi cht lng m thanh tiu chun c lu tr trn
server ca nh cung cp dch v. Danh sch bi ht c phn loai theo
nhiu trng thng tin tm kim khc nhau khn gi thun tin trong
vic tm kim bi ht yu thch. Khn gi cng c th lp danh sch bi ht
ring theo yu cu. Cc chc nng khi ang ht karaoke: Bt tt li ca s,
xem trc li bi ht, nh gi, tnh im theo phn tch ph m ca ca s,
chnh nhp v tc nhac, ghi lai bi ht trong cng, chia s trn internet
hoc kt ni trc tip vi cc ng dng truyn hnh tng tc trn knh
Truyn hnh Gii tr tng tc iTV ca i Truyn hnh K thut s VTC.
Cc dich v thng tin gii tr trn mng internet: Hp gii tr tng tc
ZTV l mt thit b gii tr a chc nng thuc th h thng minh, c tch
hp sn h iu hnh Android. Do thit b c kh nng s dng rt nhiu
dch v thng tin gii tr trn internet nh lt web, chia s video trc
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Dch v c bo in t trn TV
Dch
dng tai hng loat cc siu th ln nh: BigC, Metro, Media Mart
xvii
KT LUN
xviii
hi. Vi nhiu tin ch mang lai da trn ha tng c sn, trong tng lai
IPTV s ngy mt ph bin hn, cc dch v v chng trnh ngy mt
phong ph hn p ng nhu cu ca khch hng, gp phn thc y pht
trin x hi.
Vi ni dung c trnh by trn, n ca em a ra c
ci nhn tng qut v cng ngh IPTV, cc phng thc phn phi mang
IPTV v ng dng ca mt s gii php cng ngh ph bin hin nay cung
nh thy c kh nng,su th pht trin ca IPTV trn th gii ni chung
v Vit nam ni ring.V IPTV l cng ngh mi, do ni dung ca lun
vn cha trnh by c c th v i ht c cc phn cn khc mc.
Cc vn cn tm hiu thm l cc k thut nn d liu, cc giao thc
s dng phn phi mang IPTV v mt s thit b chuyn dng khc.
Do thi gian v lng kin thc ca bn thn cn han ch, nn ni
dung ca n cha c y v chnh xc. Vi mong mun nm chc
cc kin thc v cng ngh IPTV m ra mt c hi v ngh nghip.
Hng pht trin tip theo ca n l hon thin cc vn cn thiu xt
v p dng l thuyt vo thc t pht trin mang dch v IPTV. V th
rt mong s quan tm v ng gp kin ca thy v cc ban ni dung
n c hon thin hn.
Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n c gio Ths L Th Cm H
cng vi s tm hiu qua sch bo, internet v cc ban gip em hon
thnh n ny.
xix