TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP HCM

Khoa Khoa Hc C Bn
THI CUI K MN PHNG PHP TNH
Lp:DHCQHL_2
Ngy thi: 3/6/2015
Thi gian: 60 pht
: 3
Cu 1. Gii h phng trnh sau bng phng php Seidel (lp ba bc, bc ba c nh gi sai s)
40 x y z 41

x 20 y z 21
x 4 y 20 z 5

Gii
H cho tng ng vi
x 0,025 y 0,025 z 1,025

y 0,05 x 0, 05 z 1,05
z 0,05 x 0, 2 y 0, 25

Ta t
0,025 0,025
0
1,025
x

H 0,05
0
0,05 ; G 1,05 ; X y
0,05 0, 2
0, 25
z
0

H I c th vit li dng ma trn X HX G vi H 0, 25 1 .

Xt dy X n xn

yn

zn , n 0 , trong x0 y0 z0 0 , c xy dng bi h thc:

xn 1 0,025 yn 0,025 zn 1,025

yn 1 0,05 xn 1 0, 05 zn 1, 05
z 0, 05 x 0, 2 y 0, 25
n 1
n 1
n 1

II

T II ta tnh c
1, 025
1,000056
1, 000001

X 1 0,998750 ; X 2 0,999947 ; X 3 1,000000

0,001000
8 106
1 10 7

c lng sai s
X3 X *

U
1 H

X 3 X 2 3, 7 10 6 .

Cu 2. Dn s th gii trong th k 20 c cho bi bng sau:

x (nm)
y (t ngi)
x (nm)
y (t ngi)
1900
1,650
1960
3,040
1910
1,750
1970
3,710
1920
1,860
1980
4,450
1930
2,070
1990
5,280
2000
1940
2,300
6,080
1950
2,560
a. S dng phng php bnh phng b nht, xc nh a, b ng thng y ax b l xp x tt nht
bng gi tr trn. Vi kt qu tm c, hy d on dn s th gii vo nm 2010.
b
b. Cng cu hi trn nhng thay bng hm s y a x 1900
.
x 1890
Gii
a. Ta xt bng gi tr

1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000

x 1900
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

55

t2

ty

1,650
1,750
1,860
2,070
2,300
2,560
3,040
3,710
4,450
5,280
6,080

0
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100

0
1,750
3,720
6,210
9,200
12,800
18,240
25,970
35,600
47,520
60,800

34.75

385

221,81

Khi , a, b l nghim ca h
385a 55b 221,81 a 0, 4369

55a 11b 34,75

b 0,9745

x 1900
0,9745 0,04369 x 82,0365 l xp x tt nht bng
10
s liu trn. Vi kt qu trn, d on dn s th gii vo nm 2010 l
y 0,04369 2010 82,0365 5,7804.
Vy ng thng y at b 0, 4369

b. Bin i hm s cho v dng

y x 1890 a x 1900 x 1890 b .

t X x 1900 x 1890 ; Y y x 1890 . Khi , ta c bng gi tr sau:

1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
X

1,650
1,750
1,860
2,070
2,300
2,560
3,040
3,710
4,450
5,280
6,080
X

0
200
600
1200
2000
3000
4200
5600
7200
9000
11000
44000

16,5
35,0
55,8
82,8
115,0
153,6
212,8
296,8
400,1
528,0
668,8
2565,6

X2
0
40000
360000
1440000
4000000
9000000
17640000
31360000
51840000
81000000
121000000

0
7000
33480
99360
230000
460800
893760
1662080
2883600
4752000
7356800

317680000

18378880

XY

Khi , a, b l nghim ca h
317680000a 44000b 18378880
a 0,0573

44000a 11b 2565,6

b 4,0867

Cu 3. Tnh tch phn sau bng phng php Simpson mt phn ba (khng cn nh gi sai s) vi
n 10

1,5

ln x 2 1 x3
e

0,5

dx.

Gii
T bi ta c h 0,1; f x

ln x 2 1 x 3
e

. Ta lp bng gi tr sau:

x
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
1,1
1,2
1,3
1,4
1,5
X

0,086428
0,125544
0,172160
0,226431
0,288572
0,358848
0,437553
0,524996
0,621483
0,727311
0,842755

0 1,519768

0 1,963130

h
f x0 f x10 4 1 2 0 0,394041 .
3
Cu 4. Gii phng trnh vi phn Cauchy:
Khi , I

y y 3 x 2 y y 3 , x 0;0,02

y 0 1
bng phng php Euler ci tin, ci tin 3 bc vi h 0,01 .
Gii

Da vo gi thit ta c h 0,01; f x, y y 3x 2 y y 3 ; x0 0, x1 0,01, x2 0,02 .

+ Tnh y1 y 0,01 .
Ta c
y1. 0 y0 hf x0 , y0 y0 h y0 3x02 y0 y03 1,02.

S dng cng thc ci tin gi tr y1 ln th k 1 ta c

3
h
h
y1 k 1 y0 f x0 , y0 f x1 , y1 k y0 y0 3 x02 y0 y03 y1 k 3 x12 y1 k y1 k

2
2
Ta suy ra
y11 1,020408

y1 1,020416
2

y1 3 1,020416
Vy y1 y13 1,020416.
+ Tnh y2 y 0,02 .
Ta c

y2 y1 hf x1 , y1 y1 h y1 3 x12 y1 y13 1,041248.

0

S dng cng thc ci tin gi tr y2 ln th k 1 ta c

y2

k 1

y1

3
h
h
k
k
k
k
f x1 , y1 f x2 , y2 y1 y1 3 x12 y1 y13 y2 3 x22 y2 y2

2
2

Ta suy ra
y21 1,041689
y2 2 1,041699
y23 1,041699

Vy y2 y 0,02 y2 3 1,041699 .