Thiết Kế Hệ Thống Kho Lạnh Bảo Quản Trái Cây Năng Suất 120 Tấn

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM
TP. H CH MINH
KHOA CNG NGH HA HC
B MN QU TRNH V THIT B
----------
N MN HC QU TRNH V THIT B
TI:
THIT K H THNG KHO LNH

BO QUN TRI CY NNG SUT 120 TN
GVHD : TH.S O THANH KH

SVTH : NGUYN HONG LINH
MSSV : 2004110090
LP : 02DHHH1
Tp.H Ch Minh - Thng 6/2014
n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn
LI M U
Tri cy l loi thc phm khng th thiu trong i sng hng ngy. y l ngun
cung cp vitamin v khong cht cn thit cho c th . Nc ta l mt nc nhit i vi
loi cy tri quanh nm . Tuy nhin chnh thi tit nng m li l nguyn nhn lm cho
tri cy rt d b h hng khi tin hnh thu hoch theo thi v. Do vn t ra l lm
sao bo qun sn phm tri cy c lu di . Phng php hiu qu nht hin nay l bo
qun tri cy trong phng lnh . Theo phng php ny , tri cy sau thi gian di bo
qun vn cn gi c cht lng tng i tt .
ti Thit k h thng kho lnh bo qun tri cy qu nng sut 120 tn.
Do thi gian v kin thc cn hn ch nn khng trnh khi nhiu sai st .
Em rt mong nhn c nhng ng kin ca cc thy c ti c hon
thin hn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!
TP. H Ch Minh, ngy 10 thng 06 nm 2014
GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh
Trang 1
LI CM N
Sau mt thi gian nghin cu v tham kho hon thnh n, em xin chn
thnh cm n:
Trng H Cng Nghip Thc Phm Tp. H Ch Minh to mi iu kin tt
nht v c s vt cht k thut, trang thit b chng em c th hon thnh n trong
thi gian ngn.
Th vin trng cung cp nhng t liu ht sc c gi tr, l ti liu thanh kho
tt v qu bu.
c bit gi li cm n n thy o Thanh Kh, ngi trc tip hng dn tn
tnh nhm chng em hon thnh n ng thi hn.
TP. H Ch Minh, ngy 10 thng 06 nm 2014
Trang 2
LI NHN XT CA GVHD
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Ch k ca gio vin nhn xt
Trang 3
LI NHN XT CA HI NG PHN BIN
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Ch k ca gio vin nhn xt
Trang 4
MC LC
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN............................................................................................8
1.1 NGHA V MC CH CA H THNG LNH............................................8
1.2 NI DUNG V YU CU THIT K.....................................................................8
CHNG 2: TNH TON KHO LNH.......................................................................9
2.1 TNH TH TCH KHO LNH....................................................................................9
2.2 DIN TCH CHT TI TRONG KHO LNH........................................................9
2.3 TI TRNG NN.......................................................................................................10
2.4 DIN TCH KHO LNH CN XY DNG.........................................................10
CHNG 3: TNH TON CCH NHIT CCH M..............................................11
3.1 TNH TON CHO VCH KHO LNH..................................................................11
3.1.1 Kt cu tng bao................................................................................................11
3.1.2 Xc nh b dy lp cch nhit..........................................................................11
3.1.3 Kim tra ng sng...........................................................................................12
3.2 CCH NHIT CCH M CHO NN.....................................................................12
3.2.1 Kt cu cch nhit ca nn.................................................................................12
3.3.1 Kt cu cch nhit ca trn................................................................................14
CHNG 4: TNH TON CN BNG NHIT........................................................14
4.1 TNH DNG NHIT TN THT............................................................................15
4.1.1 Tnh nhit tht thot qua vch............................................................................15
4.1.2 Tnh dng nhit do sn phm to ra...........................................................16
4.1.3 Dng nhit do vn hnh kho..............................................................................18
4.1.4 Dng nhit do thng gi bung lnh.................................................................19
4.2 XC NH TI NHIT CHO THIT B V MY NN....................................20
CHNG 5: TNH TON CHU TRNH LNH, TNH CHN MY NN...........21
5.1 CHN CC THNG S CA CH LM VIC..........................................21
5.1.1 Nhit si ca mi cht lnh..........................................................................21
5.1.2 Nhit ngng t................................................................................................21
5.1.3 Nhit hi ht (th).............................................................................................22
5.1.4 Nhit qu lnh (tql).........................................................................................23
Trang 5
5.2 TNH TON CHU TRNH LNH...........................................................................24

5.2.1 Nng sut lnh ring khi lng.......................................................................24
5.2.2 Lu lng mi cht qua my nn......................................................................24
5.2.3 Nng sut th tch thc t ca my nn...........................................................24
5.2.4 H s cp ca my nn.......................................................................................24
5.2.5 Th tch ht l thuyt..........................................................................................25
5.2.6 Cng nn on nhit...........................................................................................25
5.2.7 Cng nn ch th...................................................................................................26
5.2.8 Cng sut ma st..................................................................................................26
5.2.9 Cng sut hu ch................................................................................................26
5.2.10 Cng sut in...................................................................................................27
5.2.11 Cng sut ng c lp t................................................................................27
5.2.12 Ph ti nhit dn ngng....................................................................................27
5.3 TNH CHN MY NN............................................................................................27
5.4 TNH CHN THIT B NGNG T......................................................................28
5.5 TNH CHN THIT B BAY HI...........................................................................31
CHNG 6: CC THIT B KHC CA H THNG...........................................33
6.1 BNH CHA CAO P................................................................................................33
6.1.1 Cng dng............................................................................................................33
6.1.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................33
6.2 THP GII NHIT.....................................................................................................34
6.2.1 Mc ch...............................................................................................................34
6.2.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................34
6.2.3 Nguyn l.............................................................................................................35
6.2.4 Tnh ton.....................................................................................................................35
6.3.1 Mc ch...............................................................................................................36
6.3.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................36
6.3.3 Nguyn l lm vic.............................................................................................37
6.4 BNH CHA DU......................................................................................................37
6.4.1 Nhim v..............................................................................................................37
6.4.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................37
6.5 BNH TRUNG GIAN..................................................................................................38
6.5.1 Mc ch...............................................................................................................38
Trang 6
6.5.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................38
6.6.1 Mc ch...............................................................................................................39
6.6.2 Cu to..................................................................................................................39
6.7 PHIN SY LC...........................................................................................................40
6.8 MT GAS.....................................................................................................................40
6.9 VAN................................................................................................................................41
Trang 7
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN

1.1
NGHA V MC CH CA H THNG LNH

T xa xa con ngi bit s dng lnh cho i sng, bng cch cho vt cn lm
lnh tip xc vi nhng vt lnh hn. Sau ny k thut lnh ra i thm nhp vo cc
ngnh kinh t quan trng v h tr tch cc cho cc ngnh nh:
- Ngnh cng ngh ch bin v bo qun thc phm
- Trong cng nghip nng: lm ngui khun c
- Trong y t: ch bin v bo qun mu, thuc
- Trong cng ngh ha cht
- Trong lnh vc sinh hot i sng: iu ha khng kh
ng vai tr quan trng nht l ngnh cng nghip ch bin v bo qun thc
phm. Tuy nhin c th gi cho thc phm c lu di cung cp, phn phi cho
nn kinh t quc dn, th phi bo qun ng nhm gi cho cc vi sinh vt lm i thiu
thc phm cng b c ch, cc qu trnh phn gii din ra rt chm. V vy m c th gi
cho thc phm khng b hng trong thi gian di.
1.2
NI DUNG V YU CU THIT K
1. Bo qun mt
- Sn phm bo qun: tri cy
- Dung tch:
120 tn
- Nhit kho lnh bn qun:
4 oC
- Nhit ngng t:
25oC
2. Thng s mi trng
- a im xy dng: kho lnh t ti Tp.HCM
- Nhit mi trng: tn=37,3oC
-
m mi trng:
n =74
3. Mi cht lnh
- Mi cht lnh s dng trong kho lnh bo qun l R22
CHNG 2: TNH TON KHO LNH
2.1
TNH TH TCH KHO LNH
Th tch kho lnh c xc nh theo cng thc:

Trang 8
V=
E
gV
(m3)
Trong :
V Th tch kho lnh , m3.
E Dung tch ca cc bung lnh, tn.
gv Mc cht ti, tn/m3. Kho c thit k vi mt hng tri cy
cha trong thng g, ta c gv = 0,45 tn/m3
Dung tch tht s cc bung sn phm l tri cy Espv thng g Ebb
Chn Ebb =10% Esp
Esp = 120 (t) (u )
Dung tch tht s ca bung lnh
E = Esp + Ebb = 120 + 12 = 132 (t)
Th tch bung lnh
V=
2.2
E
132
293.33
gV 0.45
(m3)
DIN TCH CHT TI TRONG KHO LNH
Chn h = 3 m
Cng thc xc nh din tch cht ti bung lnh:
V 293.33
97.78
h
3
F=
Trong :
(m2)
h Chiu cao cht ti, m

2.3
TI TRNG NN
Cng thc tnh ti trng nn:

gf = gv h = 0.45 x 3 = 1.35 ( tn/m2)
Trang 9
Trong :
h Chiu cao cht ti.
gv Mc cht ti, tn/m3
2.4
DIN TCH KHO LNH CN XY DNG
Cng thc xc nh din tch xy dng kho lnh:
Fxd=
F
97.78
130.37
F
0.75
( m2)
Trong :
F H s s dng din tch xy dng ca kho lnh, F ph thuc vo kch
thc ca bung lnh.
i vi bung din tch nh hn 100 m2, F = 0,700,75
i vi bung din tch 100- 400 m2, F = 0,750,80
i vi bung din tch hn 400 m2, F = 0,80,85
Chn kch thc kho lnh
Din tch bung lnh quy chun (bi ca 36 m2) nn chn Fxd = 144 m2 (1212)
Chn kch thc kho nh sau: 12 x 12 x 5
Trang 10
CHNG 3: TNH TON CCH NHIT CCH M

3.1
TNH TON CHO VCH KHO LNH
3.1.1 Kt cu tng bao

Xy dng vch kho lnh c kt cu nh sau:
Bng 1: Kt cu vch ngoi kho lnh
Vt liu
3.1.2
Va
Gch
Va
Cch m bitum
Cch nhit polystirol
B dy
(m)
0.020
0.380
0.020
0.004
0.200
H s truyn nhit
(W/m.K)
0.800
0.820
0.800
0.300
0.047
Lp va v tm thp
Cng
0.020
0.624
0.880
Xc nh b dy lp cch nhit
B dy lp cch nhit c tnh theo cng thc:

1 1
1

i
i 2
K 1
1 1
Trong :
1 = 23.3 W/m2 .K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh bn ngoi (tng c chn gi).
2 = 9 W/m2.K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh trong phng (i lu cng bc).
i : b dy ca vt liu lm tng (bng 1).
i : h s truyn nhit ca vt liu lm tng (bng 1).
K = 0.35 W/m2.K : h s truyn nhit quy chun.
1
3 0.02 0.38 0.004 1
1
0.1m
0.88
0.82
0 .3
9
0.35 23.3
1 0.047
Trang 11
=> chn 1 = 0.2 m

H s truyn nhit K
K=
1 1
=

K = 0.202 W/m2.K
3.1.3
Kim tra ng sng
iu kin vch ngoi ca kho lnh khng b ng sng:
k s 0.95 1
t1 t s
(W / m 2 .K )
t1 t 2
Trong :
t1: nhit bn ngoi kho bo qun lnh ng (oC)
ts: nhit ng sng ca khng kh bn ngoi (oC)
t2: nhit bn trong kho lnh (oC)
1: h s cp nhit ca khng kh bn ngoi (W/m2.K)
0.95 : h s an ton
k s 0.95 23.3
37.3 32
3.65 (W / m 2 .K )
37.3 5
=> K < ks
Vy: vch ngoi khng ng sng.
3.2
3.2.1
CCH NHIT CCH M CHO NN

Kt cu cch nhit ca nn
Kt cu nn kho lnh ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh: nhit phng lnh, ti

trng ca hng bo qun, dung tch kho lnh,Yu cu ca nn l phi c vng chc
cn thit, tui th cao, khng thm m.
Trang 12
Bng 2: Kt cu cch nhit ca nn

Vt liu
Btng t
Btng tm
Cch nhit (Stiropor)
Cch m bitum
Va
Btng ct thp
Cng
3.2.2
B dy (m)
0.02
0.10
0.20
0.005
0.01
0.15
0.485
H s truyn nhit (W/m.K)

1.6
1.0
0.047
0.23
0.88
1.5

1 1
d
1

i
i 2
K 1
2 2
Trong :
1 = 23.3 W/m2 .K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh
2 = 9 W/m2 .K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh trong phng (i lu cng bc).
i : b dy ca vt liu lm tng (bng 2).
i : h s truyn nhit ca vt liu lm tng (bng 2).
K = 0.35 W/m2 .K : h s truyn nhit quy chun.
1
0.02 0.1 0.005 0.01 0.15 1
1
0.12 m
1
0.23 1.88 1.5 9
0.35 23.3 1.6
2 0.047
=> chn 2 = 0.2 m

=> H s truyn nhit ca nn K = 0.215 W/m2 .K
Kim tra tng t trn ==> khng c ng sng v ng m.
Trang 13
3.3
CCH NHIT CCH M CHO TRN
3.3.1 Kt cu cch nhit ca trn

Mi kho lnh khng c php ng nc v thm nc.Mi c kt cu nh sau:
Bng 3: Kt cu cch nhit ca trn kho lnh
Vt liu
Btng ct thp
Va
Bitum
Cch nhit (Stiropor)
Va trn li thp
Cng
3.3.2
B dy (m)
0.07
0.01
0.005
0.15
0.04
0.1957
H s truyn nhit (W/mK)

1.5
0.88
0.23
0.047
0.88

1
K
3 3
1
d
1
i
i 2
1
Trong :
1 = 23.3 W/m2 .K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh bn ngoi (tng c chn gi).
2 = 9 W/m2 .K : h s cp nhit ca khng kh trong phng (i lu cng bc).
i : b dy ca vt liu lm tng (bng trn).
i : h s truyn nhit ca vt liu lm tng (bng trn).
K = 0.35 W/m2K : h s truyn nhit quy chun.
1
0.07 0.01 0.005 0.04 1
1
0.12m
0.35 23.3 1.5 0.88 0.23 0.88 9
3 0.047
=> chn 3 = 0.2 m => H s truyn nhit ca trn K = 0.288 W/m2.K

Kim tra tng t trn ==> Khng c ng sng ng m trn b mt kt cu.
CHNG 4: TNH TON CN BNG NHIT
Vic tnh ton nhit ti kho lnh l tnh ton cc dng nhit t mi trng xm
nhp vo kho lnh. y chnh l dng nhit tn tht m my lnh phi c cng sut
Trang 14
thi tr li mi trng nng, m bo s chnh lch nhit n nh gia bung lnh v

khng kh bn ngoi.
Mc ch cui cng ca vic tnh ton nhit ti kho lnh l xc nh nng sut
lnh ca my lnh cn lp t.
Dng nhit tn tht vo kho lnh c xc nh bng biu thc:
Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 (W)
Trong :
Q1: dng nhit tht thot qua vch.
Q2: dng nhit do sn phm ta ra.
Q3: dng nhit do vn hnh kho.
Q4: dng nhit do thong gi bung lnh.
4.1
TNH DNG NHIT TN THT
4.1.1 Tnh nhit tht thot qua vch

Q1 =K F
K (w/m k)
F(m )
T (k)
Tng ngoi
0.202
60
62.3
755.076
Tng ngoi
0.202
60
62.3
755.076
Tng ngoi
0.202
60
62.3
755.076
Tng ngoi
0.202
60
62.3
755.076
Nn
0.215
144
62.3
1928.808
Trn
0.288
144
62.3
2583.7056
Tng Q1
7532.8176 (w)
Bao che
Q21=
T (w)
4.1.2 Tnh
dng nhit
do
sn
phm to
ra
Dng
nhit do tri
cy ta ra:
M (h1h2)1000 1000
(W )
24 3600
M: nng sut bung bo qun lnh ng (t/24h)

Q21 :Dng nhit do tm ta ra
Trang 15
h1 ,h2 : enthapi ca sn phm trc v sau khi x l lnh :

Theo bng 4-2 p.81
Chn nhit hng nhp thng vo kho bo qun lnh ng l:
h1 = 302 kJ/kg
t1 = 8 oC
t2 = 4 oC
h2 = 286.7 kJ/kg
M = 8%E = 0.08 120 = 9.6 ( t/24h)

Vi: M: khi lng hng nhp vo bo qun lnh ng
E: dung tch phng bo qun lnh ng
Vy :
Q21=
M (h1h2)1000 1000
(W )
24 3600
Q21=
9.6 (302286.7) 1000 1000

=1700(W )
24 3600
Dng nhit do tri cy h hp:

Q22 = E (0.1 qn + 0.9 qhp) ,W
=120 (0.1 40.7 + 0.9 14) = 1667 (W)
Vi: E : dung tch kho lnh
qn v qhp :dng nhit ta ra khi c sn phm nhp vo kho lnh, sau l
nhit bo qun kho lanh . W/t (bng 4-5)
Dng nhit do bao b ta ra:
Q 23=
M b C b ( t 1t 2 ) 1000 1000
24 3600
Vi: Mb : khi lng bao b a vo cng sn phm (t/24h)

Trang 16
Cb : Nhit dung ring ca bao b (kJ/kgK)

t1, t2 : nhit bao b trc v sau khi bo qun lnh ng
1000/(24 3600) : h s chuyn i t/24h ra kg/s
Ta c :Khi lng bao b g : Mb = 10%M = 10% 9.6 =0.96 (t/24h)
Nhit dung ring ca bao b g : Cb = 2.5 (kJ/kgK)
Nhit bao b trc khi bo qun: t1= 8 oC
Nhit bao b sau khi bo qun : t2 =4 oC
Q 23=
0.96 2.5 ( 84 ) 1000 1000

=111.11 ( kW )
24 3600
Tng nhit do sn phm ta ra l :

Q2 = Q21 + Q22 + Q23 = 1700 + 1667 + 111.11 = 3478.11 (W)
4.1.3 Dng nhit do vn hnh kho
Dng nhit do n chiu sang:
Q31 = A F ,W
A: nh mc chiu sng trn mt m2 phng, A = 1.2 W/m2
F: Din tch phng lnh,
F= 144 m2
Q31= 1.2 144 = 172.8 W
Trang 17
Dng nhit do ngi ta ra:

Q32= 350 n ,W
350: nhit lng do ngi ta ra khi lm vic nng
n: s ngi lm vic trong phng, chn n=3
Q32= 350 3 = 1050 W
Dng nhit do ng c in:
Q33= 1000 N ,W
N: cng sut ng c in , N = 2
Q33= 1000 2= 2000 W
Dng nhit khi m ca:
Q34 = B F ,W
B: dng nhit do tn tht kho lnh m ca cho 1 m 2 phng lnh, B= 15 (tra bng 44)
F: din tch phng lnh, F = 144 m2
Q34= 15 144 = 2160 W
Vy dng nhit vn hnh:
Q3 = 172.8 + 1050 + 2000 + 2160 =5382.8 (W)
4.1.4 Dng nhit do thng gi bung lnh
Tra th h-x ta c : h1 =105 kj/kg
Trang 18
h2 =13 kj/kg
Khi lng ring ca khng kh trong bung pk=1.28m3/kg
Bi s tun hon khng kh a=3
M k=
V a pk
kg/ s
24 3600
M k=
144 3 1.28
=6.4 103 kg /s
24 3600
Dng nhit tn tht do khng kh nng a vo:

Q4 = Mk (h1-h2) 1000 = 6.4 10-3 (105-13) 1000 = 588.8 (W)
Dng nhit tn tht cho ton b kho
Q = Q1 + Q 2 + Q 3 + Q 4
= 7532.82 + 3478.11 + 5382.80 + 588.80 = 16982.53 W
4.2
XC NH TI NHIT CHO THIT B V MY NN
Ti nhit cho thit b l tng cc ti nhit thnh phn c gi tr cao nht :

QMN = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5 W
(4-15) (NL)
QMN =7532.82 + 3478.11 + 5382.80 + 588.80 = 16982.53 (W)

Nng sut lnh ca my nn c xc nh theo biu thc:
k Q
Q0 =
(4-17) (NL)
Q - Tng nhit ti ca my nn
b - L h s thi gian lm vic, chn b= 0.9
Trang 19
k - L h s tnh n tn tht trn ng ng v thit b ca h thng lnh, ly k=1.12

(dng phng php ni suy trong ti liu hdtk NL)
k
Q 0= b =
1.12 16982.53
=21133.81 W
0.9
CHNG 5: TNH TON CHU TRNH LNH, TNH CHN MY NN

5.1
CHN CC THNG S CA CH LM VIC
Ch lm vic ca mt h thng lnh c c trng bng 4 nhit sau.

+ Nhit si ca mi cht lnh t0.
+ Nhit ngng t ca mi cht lnh tk.
+ Nhit qu lnh ca lng trc van tit lu tql.
+ Nhit hi ht v my nn ( nhit qu nhit ) tqn.
5.1.1 Nhit si ca mi cht lnh
Nhit si ca mi cht lnh ph thuc vo nhit ca kho lnh. C th ly nh sau:
t0 = tb - t0, 0C
[ 1, 204 ]
Trong :
tb - l nhit kho lnh.
tb = 4 0C;
t0 - l hiu nhit yu cu.
Kho lnh la chn phng php lm lnh trc tip, m ca khng kh trong kho
cao, hiu nhit yu cu l 8 130C nn chn t0 = 13 0C
[ 1, 204 ]
Vy t0 = 4 - 13 = -9 0C.
5.1.2 Nhit ngng t
Nhit ngng t ca hi mi cht lnh ph thuc vo mi trng lm mt v
nhit ca cht ti nhit chy qua thit b ngng t.
Thit b ngng t ca h thng lnh c tc nhn lm mt l nc ly t ngun nc
ngm qua h thng x l c tun hon khp kn qua thp gii nhit.
Nhit ngng t c xc nh theo biu thc:
Trang 20
tk = tw2 + tk, 0C
[ 1, 205 ]
Trong :
tw2 - l nhit nc ra khi bnh ngng, 0C;
tk - l hiu nhit ngng t yu cu, 0C.
Chn nhit ngng t thc ra l mt bi ton ti u v kinh t v k thut, t
gi thnh mt n v lnh l nh nht, nu hiu nhit ngng t nh, nhit ngng t
thp, nng sut lnh tng nhng phi tng chi ph cho in nng chy bm nc gii
nhit....
tk = ( 3 5 ) 0C c ngha l nhit ngng t cao hn nhit nc ra t 3 5
0
C.
[ 1, 205 ]
Chn tk =5 0C.
- Nhit nc u vo, u ra chnh lch nhau( 2 6) 0C ph thuc vo kiu thit b

ngng t.
tw2 = tw1 + (2 6) 0C.
Vi tw1 l nhit nc vo bnh ngng.
Thit b ngng t trong cm my l thit b ngng t ng chm v bc nm ngang nn
chn tw = 5 0C.
[ 1, 205 ]
- Nhit nc vo bnh ngng ph thuc vo iu kin mi trng.

tw1 = t +( 3 5) 0C.
[ 1, 205 ]
Vi t : l nhit bu t, vi t= 37,30C => t=330C

Vy ta c
tw1 = 37oC.
tw2 =37+ 5 = 42oC.
tk = 42 +5= 47 oC.
5.1.3 Nhit hi ht (th)

- Nhit qu nhit l nhit ca hi mi cht trc khi vo my nn. Nhit
hi ht bao gi cng ln hn nhit si ca mi cht.
- Mc ch ca vic qu nhit hi ht l bo v my nn trnh khng ht phi
lng. Tu tng loi mi cht v my nn m c nhit qu nhit khc nhau.
Trang 21
- i vi my lnh fron, do nhit cui tm nn thp nn qu nhit hi ht

c th chn cao. Trong my nn fron, qu nhit hi ht t c trong thit b hi
nhit.
Vi mi cht fron qu nhit khong (10 15) 0C.
[ 1, 208]
Chn th = 15 0C. =>Nn tqn = to + tqn = -9 + 15 = 6oC.

5.1.4 Nhit qu lnh (tql)
- L nhit ca mi cht lng trc khi vo van tit lu. Nhit qu lnh cng
thp th nng sut lnh cng cao.
tql= tw1+(3-5oC)= 37+(3-5oC)= 40-42oC
Chn tql=400C
- Do s qu lnh lng c thc hin trong thit b hi nhit, nn nhit thi ra ca
mi cht lng cng l nhit lng m hi mi cht sau khi bay hi nhn vo.Ta c
phng trnh sau:
h1 - h1 = h3 h3
Trong h1, h1, h3, h3 l entalpi ti cc im nt trn th lgp I.
Tra th lgp-i ca mi cht R22 ta c:
to = -9 oC h1 = 401,57 kJ/kg
tqn = 6 oC h1 = 406,454 kJ/kg
Vi nhit ngng t l 35oC , tra th lgp i ca mi cht R22 ta c :
h3 = 258,15 kJ/kg.
T phng trnh : h1 - h1 = h3 h3
=> h3 = h3 h1 + h1 = 258,15 406,454 + 401,57 = 253,266 KJ/Kg
Thng s
im nt
Nhit
o
p sut
Entapi
Th tch ring
bar
kJ/kg
m3/kg
Trang 22
5.2
6,022
406,454
-9
3,6767
401,57
90
44,374
433,17
47
18,034
415,93
47
18,034
258,15
40
18,034
253,266
-9
6,022
253,266
0,42
TNH TON CHU TRNH LNH
5.2.1 Nng sut lnh ring khi lng

L nng sut lnh ca 1 kg mi cht lnh lng p sut cao v nhit cao to ra,
sau khi qua van tit lu v bay hi ht trong thit b bay hi, thnh hi bo ho kh
nhit bay hi v p sut bay hi.
Ta c: q0 = h'1 h4 kJ/kg.
Trong :
h'1- l Entapi ca hi (bo ho ) sau khi ra khi dn lnh.
h4 - l Entapi ca mi cht sau khi qua van tit lu.
Nn q0 = 401.57- 253.266 = 148.304 kJ/kg.
5.2.2 Lu lng mi cht qua my nn
G
Ta c:
Q0 21.133
0.14
q0 148.304
kg/s.
5.2.3 Nng sut th tch thc t ca my nn

Ta c :
[ 1, 211 ]
[ 1, 214 ]
Vtt = G v1 = 0.14 0.42 =0.0588 m3/s
5.2.4 H s cp ca my nn
Ch lm lnh ca h thng lnh:
to = -9 0C po = 3.6767Pa.
Trang 23
tk =
Ta c
47 0C pk = 18.034Pa.
p k 18.034
4.9
po 3.6767
=> <9 nn ta chn my nn 1 cp.
Mi cht Freon R22,my nn hin i.

Tra th hnh 7.4 [1, 215] => = 0.72
Trang 24
Xy dng chu trnh trn th Logp-h
Hnh 5.2: chu trnh 1 cp 1 tit lu lm mt trung gian mt phn c hi nhit

NHA- My nn h p, MTG- Thit b lm mt trung gian, NCA- My nn cao p
HN- Hi nhit, NT- Thit b ngng t, TL- Thit b tit lu, BH- Thit b bay hi
Cc qu trnh trn th:
1-2 : Nn on nhit my nn h p s2=s1
2-3 : Lm mt ng p p=ptg=const thit b trung gian
3-4 : Nn on nhit my nn cao p s4=s3
4-5 : Ngng t ng p p=pk=const trong thit b ngng t, mi cht nh nhit lng
qk cho m trng gii nhit
5-5: Qu trnh qu lnh ng p p=pk=const trong thit b hi nhit
5-6: Tit lu t p sut pk ,h5=h6
6-1:Bay hi ng p, ng nhit trong thit b bay hi
1-1: Qu trnh qu nhit ng p p=p0=const thit b hi nhit
5.2.5 Th tch ht l thuyt
Vlt
Ta c :
Vtt 0,0588
0,082
0,72
m3/s.
5.2.6 Cng nn on nhit

Ta c:
Ns = G l = G (h2 h1) , kW.
[ 1, 216 ]
Trang 25
Vy
Ns = 0.14 ( 433.17 406.454 ) = 3.740 ,kW
5.2.7 Cng nn ch th
L cng nn thc do qu trnh nn lch khi qu trnh nn on nhit l thuyt.
Ta c:
Ni
Ns
i , kW
[ 1, 217 ]
i : L hiu sut ch th
i = w + b t0.
Trong :
b - l h s thc nghim b = 0.001;
T0
w - l h s tn tht khng thy c w = Tk .
i
Vy
273 9
0.001 9 0.816
273 47
Ni
Suy ra:
3.740
4.583
0.816
kW.
5.2.8 Cng sut ma st

Cng sut ma st sinh ra do s ma st trong cc chi tit chuyn ng ca my nn,
cng sut ny ph thuc vo kch thc v ch hot ng ca my.
Ta c:
Nms =Vtt Pms
, kW
[ 1, 218 ]
Pms vi my nn fren ngc dng th

Pms = (0.019 0.034) Mpa
Ta chn Pms = 0.025 Mpa
Vy
[ 1, 218 ]
Nms = 0.0588 0.025 106 = 1470 W = 1.470 kW
Trang 26
5.2.9 Cng sut hu ch

L cng nn c tnh n tn tht ma st ca cc chi tit my nn nh pittng-xi lanh,
tay bin-trc khuu-c pittng,y chnh l cng o c trn trc khuu ca my nn.
Ta c: Ne = Ni + Nms, kW
[ 1, 218 ]
= 4.583 + 1.470 = 6.053 kW

5.2.10 Cng sut in
Cng sut in Nel l cng sut o c trn bng u in c k n tn tht
truyn ng, khp, ai ...v hiu sut chnh ca ng c in.
Ta c:
N el
Ne
td el , kW
[ 1, 218 ]
Trong : td - l hiu sut truyn ng ai , y ta dng my nn bn

kn nn td = 0.95
el - l hiu sut ng c
el = 0.8 0.95.
Chn el = 0.85.
N el
Vy
6.053
7.496
0.85 0.95
kW.
5.2.11 Cng sut ng c lp t

m bo an ton cho h thng lnh, ng c lp t phi c cng sut ln hn
cng sut ng c in.
Ta c: N/c = (1.1 2.1 ) Nel , kW;
[ 1, 219 ]
Chn h s an ton l 1.5

Nn
N/c = 1.5 7.496 =11.244 kW.
5.2.12 Ph ti nhit dn ngng

Ta c:
5.3
Qk Q0 N i 21.133 4.583 25.716
KW.
TNH CHN MY NN
Trang 27
My nn l mt b phn rt quan trng ca h thng lnh, n quyt nh nng sut

lnh ca h thng; phn quan trng ca my nn l nng sut lnh v cng sut ca ng
c my nn i hi phi p ng c nng sut lnh ca kho bo qun.
Nhim v ca my nn l lin tc ht hi mi cht lnh sinh ra thit b bay hi nn
ln p sut cao y vo thit b ngng t.
Qua vic tnh nhit ti kho lnh phn trc ta xc nh c nhit ti Q oMN =
21.133 kW cho my nn, y chnh l nng sut lnh m my nn phi t c m
bo duy tr c nhit lnh trong kho lnh v cng sut ng c lp t N /c = 11.244
kW.
Chn my nn pittng ca Nga theo OCT 26.03-943-77
K hiu: II20
S xilanh: 4
ng knh pittng: 6.25
Vng quay: 24vg/s
Di: 680 mm
Rng: 550 mm
Khi lng: 223 kg
Vlt= 1.54 10-2
Chn s my nn zmn=1
5.4
TNH CHN THIT B NGNG T

Thit b ngng t trong h thng lnh l cc thit b trao i nhit b mt, trong
hi mi cht lnh c p sut v nhit cao sau my nn c lm mt bng khng kh,

nc hay cc cht lng nhit thp khc ngng t thnh th lng.
Qu trnh ngng t lun km theo hin tng ta nhit, ni cch khc l nu khng c
lm mt lin tc th qu trnh ngng t s dng li, mc ch l bin hi mi cht lnh
thnh th lng cng khng thc hin c.
Do tc nhn lnh l Freon nn ph hp vi tnh cht ca mi cht cc ng trao
i nhit thng l ng ng c cnh nhm lng vo hoc cun trn b mt ngoi ca ng
tng cng kh nng truyn nhit t pha freon.
Trang 28
Theo cc d kin tnh ton c phn trn ta c:

- Ph ti nhit thit b ngng t Qk =21.133 kW.
- Nhit ngng t tk=470C.
- Nhit nc vo lm mt
tw1 = 37oC .
- Nhit nc ra khi thit b ngng t tw2 = 42oC.
T cng thc
Qk = k F ttb, W
[ 1, 260]
ttb - L hiu nhit trung bnh logarit

t max = tk tw1 = 47 - 37 = 10oC;
Vi
t min = tk - tw2 = 47 - 42 = 5 oC.

t tb
Nn
10 5
7.21
10
ln
5
Mt dng nhit (ph ti nhit): qf= k ttb = 700 7.21=5049.43 (W/m2)

C th tnh c din tch trao i nhit cn thit.
F=Qk/qf= 21.133 1000/ 5049.43=4.2 m2
Vi thit b ngng t ng chm v bc nm ngang ta c
k - L h s truyn nhit, k = 700 W/m2k
Chn bnh ngng t ng chm nm ngang (bng 5.2,I):
Bnh ngng: KTP-12
Din tch b mt ngoi: 12.8 m2
ng knh ng v: 377 mm
Chiu di ng: 1.2 m
S ng: 86
Ti nhit: 43.3 kW
S li: 4:2
CU TO:
Trang 29
Ta chn thit b ngng t kiu ng chm nm ngang v n c u im sau:

+ Ph ti nhit ln nn t tiu hao kim loi, thit b trao i nhit gn nh, kt cu chc
chn.
+ Lm mt bng nc t ph thuc vo thi tit nn my hot ng n nh hn.
+ D v sinh v pha nc lm mt.
1
2
6
6
7
14
13
8
12
11
10
Hnh 5.4: Thit b ngng t ng chm nm ngang

Ch thch
p k
1. Van an ton (trc p k v van an ton phi c van chn tin khi sa cha, thay th
hoc kha van khi van an ton nhy. ng xiphng dng cho kim rung hn)
2. ng hi mi cht vo.
3. ng cn bng vi bnh cha lng cao p lng t bnh ngng chy xung bnh
cha d dng.
4. ng d tr c khi lm ng x kh khng ngng.
5. ng x kh v x bn v pha nc lm mt.
6. Np phng v nc lm mt khng c p lc v trong np c cc tm phn chia to
li i cho dng nc.
7. ng x kh v x bn v pha nclm mt.
8. ng x du.
9. Rn du.
10. ng x ca lng cao p.
11. Cc ng trao i.
Trang 30
13,14. ng vo v ra ca nc lm mt. Nc i t di ln trn c th ph y b

mt trao i nhit.
5.5
TNH CHN THIT B BAY HI

Thit b bay hi l ni trao i nhit gia mi cht lnh v i tng cn lm lnh,
mi cht lnh nhn nhit ca i tng cn lm lnh ha hi thnh hi bo ha kh trc

khi v my nn.
Cng nh thit b ngng t, tnh ton thit b bay hi ch yu thit k v kim
tra din tch trao i nhit cn thit theo cc thong s cho trc nh ti nhit Q 0, nhit
v lu lng cht ti lnh vo v ra nhit bay hi v n cu to nh hnh v:
Hnh 5.5 Thit b bay hi dng qut

Din tch b mt trao i nhit:
F= Q0/ k ttb
Vi: Q0: ti nhit lnh ca thit b bay hi, Q0=21.133 kW
k: h s truyn nhit vi mi cht R22, chn k= 17.5
ttb: hiu nhit trung bnh logarit gia mi cht v cht ti lnh.
t max= tb1-t0 = 7-(-9) = 16
t min = tb2-t0 = 1-(-9) = 10
(V nhit bo qun sn phm l 40C nn chn tb1=70C, tb2=10C)
Trang 31
t tb
=>
16 10
12.8
16
ln
10
=>F= 21133/ 17.5 12.8=94.34 m2
Chn kho lnh c 2 dn lnh vy nng sut ca mi dn phi t t nht l 10.57 kW.
Chn dn lnh Friga-Bohn:

Model: KB 2100
Nng sut: 15,44kW
Bc cnh: 7mm
Chiu di: 1753mm
Chiu cao: 680mm
Chiu su: 720mm
Nng sut qut: 520 W
Khi lng: 98 kg
Trang 32
CHNG 6: CC THIT B KHC CA H THNG

6.1
BNH CHA CAO P
6.1.1 Cng dng

Bnh cha cao p c b tr ngay sau thit b ngng t dng cha lng mi
cht p sut cao, nhit cao gii phng b mt trao i nhit ca thit b ngng t, duy
tr s cp lng lin tc cho van tit lu. N c t ngay di bnh ngng v c cn
bng p sut vi bnh ngng bng cc ng cn bng hi v lng. N c tc dng cha
ton b lng gas trong h thng khi cn sa cha bo dng.
6.1.2 Cu to
Bnh cha cao p nm ngang mi cht NH 3 l mt hnh tr nm ngang, c thit
k m bo p sut lm vic l 1.8 MPa.
2
Hnh 6.1: Bnh cha cao p

Ch thch
1. p k.
2. Van an ton.
3. ng vo cu lng cao p t thit b ngng t.
4. ng cn bng vi thit b ngng t.
5. ng ra ca lng cao p pha trn hoc di bnh.
6. ng thy sng ch mc lng trong bnh cha.
7. ng x du.
8. Rn du.
6.2
THP GII NHIT
Trang 33
6.2.1 Mc ch
Gii nhit ton b loi nhit do mi cht lnh ngng t nh ra. Lng nhit ny
thi ra mi trng nh cht ti nhit trung gian l nc.
6.2.2 Cu to
Hnh 6.2: Thp gii nhit

Ch thch
1234567891011-
ng c qut gi.
Chn bi nc.
Dn phun nc.
Khi m.
Ca khng kh vo.
B nc.
ng nc lnh cp lm mt bnh ngng.
Phin lc nc.
Phu chy trn.
Van x y.
ng cp nc v van phao.
12,13 ng nc nng t bnh ngng ra a vo dn phun lm mt xung nh
khng kh i ngc t di ln.
6.2.3 Nguyn l
Nc nng t bnh ngng v nc lm mt my nn theo ng (12) vo dn phun
nc (3) gii nhit nh khng kh i t di ln (chuyn ng cng bc nh ng c
qut gi) v ri xung b, theo ng 7 vo thit b ngng t v i lm mt my nn.
Trang 34
Van phao c nhim v khi ng ng c bm nc cp nc cho thp khi mc nc

thp hn gi tr cho php.
6.2.4 Tnh ton
Din tch tit din thp gii nhit:
F
Qk 13.1
0.3275m 2
qF
40
Chn thp gii nhit c qut gi
qF = 40 kW/m2
Ch
thp gii nhit
20
=> Cc thng s:
- Lu lng nc: 1.11 (l/s)
- t ca nc: 5oC
- Lu lng ca khng kh: 1.11 (m3)
- Vng quay: 23.3 (vng/s)
- Nhit ti: 23.2 (kW)
- Din tch tit din thp: 0.44 (m2)
- Kch thc(mm):
+ Mt bng: 848 x 848
+ Thn thp: 660 x 736
+ Chiu cao: 1600
- Khi lng: 232 (kg)
Trang 35
6.3
BNH TCH DU
Chn bnh tch du kiu nn chn

6.3.1 Mc ch
Hi mi cht sau khi c nn ra khi my nn thng b cun bn theo ht du
bi trn ca my nn. Lng du ny nu n cc b mt trao i nhit ca cc thit b
nh l thit b ngng t, bay hi s lm cn tr qu trnh trao i nhit v lm gim hiu
qu ca thit b. Do cn phi tch du bi trn ra khi lung hi cao p v lung hi
nn.
V tr: sau my nn v trc thit b ngng t
6.3.2 Cu to
Ch thch
1- ng vo ca hi cao p.
2- Van an ton.
3- ng ra ca hi cao p.
4- Cc tm chn, thc t thng dng tm chn c bc l 10mm bc l 20mm.
5- Ming phun ngang.
6- Tm ngn c nhng l 40mm.
7- ng x du.
2
3
4
5
Hnh 6.3: Bnh tch du

Trang 36
6.3.3 Nguyn l lm vic

Du c tch ra nh 3 nguyn nhn:
+ Nh s gim vn tc t ngt khi i t ng nh ra bnh nn lc qun tnh gim t ngt.
+ Nh lc ly tm khi ngoc dng nn ht du nng b vng ra v ri xung y nn.
+ Nh cc tm chn (4): dng hi b va p vo cc tm chn s b mt vn tc t ngt
v ht du c gi li v ri xung y bnh.
6.4
BNH CHA DU
6.4.1 Nhim v
Dng gom du t cc thit b nh bnh tch du, bu du ca bnh ngng, bnh
cha, bnh bay hi, bnh tch lng, gim tn tht v gim nguy him khi x du t p
sut cao.
6.4.2 Cu to
Bnh cha du l bnh hnh tr t ng hay nm ngang c ng ni vi ng
ht my nn v ng ni vi p k, ni vi y x du v ng x du ra ngoi.
Ch thch:
1234-
V thit b
ng vo t bnh tch du
Van x du
Chn thit b
Hnh 6.4: Bnh cha du
6.4.3 Nguyn l
Trang 37
Khi m van ni ng ht, p sut trong bnh gim xung, mi cht lnh c thu
hi. Khi p sut d gim gn 0, c th m van x x du ra khi bnh. Hi du t cc
bnh v bnh cha du nh chnh lch p sut.
6.5
BNH TRUNG GIAN
6.5.1 Mc ch
Dn lnh 1 cp c bnh trung gian lm mt hon ton c nhim v lm mt trung
gian mt phn hay ton phn hi mi cht ra cp nn p thp v qu lnh lng trc
khi vo van tit lu bng cch bay hi mt phn lng p sut v nhit trung gian.
6.5.2 Cu to
Ch thch:
12345678-
V thit b
Lp cch nhit
Chn thit b
Van x du
ng ra ca cht lng
Hi vo t bnh cha cao p
Hi ra t my nn
Hi ra t my nn
Hnh 6.5: Bnh trung gian
Trang 38
6.6
BNH TCH LNG
6.6.1 Mc ch
ngn nga hin tng ngp lng gy h hng my nn, trn ng hi ht v
my nn, ngi ta b tr bnh tch lng. Bnh tch lng s tch cc git hi m cn li
trong dng hi trc khi v my nn.
Cc bnh tch lng lm vic theo nguyn tc tng t nh bnh tch du, bao gm:
-
Gim t ngt tc dng hi t tc cao xung tc thp. Khi gim tc t ngt
cc git lng ng nng v ri xung y bnh.

Thay i hng chuyn ng ca dng mi cht mt cch t ngt. Dng mi cht a
vo bnh khng theo phng thng m thng a ngot theo gc nht nh.
Dng cc tm chn ngn cc git lng. Khi dng mi cht chuyn ng va vo cc
vch chn cc git lng b mt ng nng v ri xung.

Kt hp tch lng hi nhit, hi mi cht khi trao i nhit s bc hi hon ton.
6.6.2 Cu to
Ch thch
1- Lng vo t bnh trung gian
2- p k
Hnh 6.6: Bnh tch lng
3- Hi v my nn
4- Tm chn
5- ng ng
6- Hi vo dn lnh
6.7
PHIN SY LC
Phin sy l mt thit b ph trong
7- Chn thit b
h thng lnh nhng n l mt thit b ph
8- V thit b
rt quan trng m bo cho h thng lnh
9- Lp cch nhit
hot ng bnh thng vi tin cy v

tui th cao.
Phin sy l mt ng hnh tr bn trong c cha cc ht cht rn c tnh cht hp

th, hp ph v gi li m cng nh cc cht c hi cho h thng lnh nh mt s axit v
kh l. Phin c hai u ni cho mi cht lnh i qua. Phin sy khi kt hp vi phin lc gi
l phin sy lc, khi phin c b tr thm cc loi li thp, li ng, d, len, n
Trang 39
gi li cc vt l nh cc bi, g st, vy hn trong vng tun hon mi cht lnh, trnh

hng hc cho my nn v trnh tc cho ca thot ca van v ng ng.
6.8
MT GAS
L cc van chn, lp t cc van chn trn c ng nn ln ng ht ca h
thng v tr gn my nn. Khi c cc van chn ny th cng vic bo tr, sa cha tr

nn n gin v tit kim gas lnh rt nhiu.
Mt
gas
Trang 40
6.9
VAN
Van mt chiu c b tr trn ng y ca my nn v thit b ngng t, khng
cho dng mi cht t thit b ngng t chy tr li my nn khi dng my nn.

Van an ton lp nhng thit b cao p v cha nhiu mi cht lng, dng
phng trng hp p sut vt qu mc qui nh th x v thit b p sut thp hoc trc
tip vo khng kh.
Van tit lu nhit cn bng trong b tr trc dn bay hi iu chnh lng lng
cung cp cho dn.
Van kho c lp thit b (u vo v ra).
Trang 41
KT LUN
Trong sn xut v ch bin thc phm, bo qun lnh ng vai tr quan trng, n
lm tng thi gian bo qun thc phm, phc v cho iu ha, d tr nguyn liu, ko di
thi v sn xut cho x nghip. Do vy vn xy dng kho lnh l iu tt yu v cn
thit.
c hiu qu kinh t cao khi xy dng kho lnh, th trong qu trnh thit k kho
lnh, vic xc nh nhit ti ca kho lnh cn phi chnh xc, cn thn v n l c s
tnh chn cc thit b. Nu kt qu tnh ton nhit ti ca kho lnh nh hn kt qu thc t
th dn n khng kinh t.
V kin thc thc t cn nhiu hn ch nn khi tnh ton thit k khng trnh khi
thiu st. Em mong c qu thy c ch bo thm, cho n ca em c hon thin
hn.
Trang 42
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. Nguyn c Li, Mi cht lnh, Nh xut bn Gio dc, 1998.

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Thiết Kế Hệ Thống Kho Lạnh Bảo Quản Trái Cây Năng Suất 120 Tấn

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Thiết Kế Hệ Thống Kho Lạnh Bảo Quản Trái Cây Năng Suất 120 Tấn

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TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM

THIT K H THNG KHO LNH

GVHD : TH.S O THANH KH

Tp.H Ch Minh - Thng 6/2014

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

LI NHN XT CA HI NG PHN BIN

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

5.2 TNH TON CHU TRNH LNH...........................................................................24

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN

NGHA V MC CH CA H THNG LNH

TNH TH TCH KHO LNH

Th tch kho lnh c xc nh theo cng thc:

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

DIN TCH CHT TI TRONG KHO LNH

h Chiu cao cht ti, m

Cng thc tnh ti trng nn:

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

DIN TCH KHO LNH CN XY DNG

Cng thc xc nh din tch xy dng kho lnh:

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

CHNG 3: TNH TON CCH NHIT CCH M

TNH TON CHO VCH KHO LNH

3.1.1 Kt cu tng bao

B dy lp cch nhit c tnh theo cng thc:

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

=> chn 1 = 0.2 m

Kim tra ng sng

iu kin vch ngoi ca kho lnh khng b ng sng:

CCH NHIT CCH M CHO NN

Kt cu nn kho lnh ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh: nhit phng lnh, ti

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

Bng 2: Kt cu cch nhit ca nn

H s truyn nhit (W/m.K)

B dy lp cch nhit c tnh theo cng thc:

=> chn 2 = 0.2 m

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

CCH NHIT CCH M CHO TRN

3.3.1 Kt cu cch nhit ca trn

H s truyn nhit (W/mK)

B dy lp cch nhit c tnh theo cng thc:

=> chn 3 = 0.2 m => H s truyn nhit ca trn K = 0.288 W/m2.K

GVHD: Th.s o Thanh Kh

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

thi tr li mi trng nng, m bo s chnh lch nhit n nh gia bung lnh v

TNH DNG NHIT TN THT

4.1.1 Tnh nhit tht thot qua vch

M: nng sut bung bo qun lnh ng (t/24h)

n thit k kho lnh bo qun tri cy nng sut 120 tn

h1 ,h2 : enthapi ca sn phm trc v sau khi x l lnh :

M = 8%E = 0.08 120 = 9.6 ( t/24h)