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. I veh DAI HOC QUOC GIA TP HCM . LL TRUONG DH KHOA HOC TU NHL BO DE TRAC NGHIEM SINH HOC DAI CUONG Ai (TE BAO HOC, DI TRUYEN HOC VA HOC THUYET TIEN HOA) os opaettth £2 dé + dé cdc cau hai khong tring ldp, mBi chuong chia ra ede phan A,B, C,D,...va méi phdn chi lay mot céu, Tuy téng 86 cau héi cba dé nhieu hay it ma giita ede chuong 06 su can doi ‘Sy nguti ra dé. C6 thé khong lay ede myc A van di trén 100 edu héi eho moi de tir 776 cau hei, Chuong I. Dan nhap : khong 6 eau héi, Chuong II. Tén File SHTRACO2.DOC. 50 eau hai gém A(15 cau héi), B (8), C (8), D (7), E (8), va F (4). Chuong HI. Tén File SHTRACO3.DOC. 70 eau héi gdm A (16 céu hai), B (5), C (6), D (5), E (4), F ©), G 6), H 6), 16), KG), L (7), Chuong IV. Tén File SHTRACO4.DOC. 40 céu hai gdm A (10 edu hoi), B (8), C (5), D (6), B (7), va F (4), Chuong V. Tén File SHTRACOS.DOC. 60 cau héi gém : A (20 eau hai), B (6), C (6), D (7), E (6), F (5, G (6); H (1), 1(7), Chuong V1. Ten File SHTRACO6.DOC. 50 eau hai gém AIS eau hdi), B (5), C (5), D (7), E (6), F (6) va G (7), (Chugng VII. Tén File SHTRACO7.DOC. 40 cau hai gbm A (6 cfu hoi). B (6), C (5), D (6), E (7), F (5) va G (6), Chuong VILL. Ten File SHTRACO8.DOC. 70 eau hoi gom A (05 eau héi), BW), C (7), D (6), E 6), F (6), G (6), H (5), (6), K (), M ©). Chuong IX. Tén File SHTRACO8.DOC. 50 eau hai gém A (16 cau héi), B (6), C (6), D (5), B (5), F (7), G (6) Chuong X. Tén File SHTRAC10.DOC. 46 cau héi gém A (20 edu héi), B (5), C (6), D (5), B (5), F (6), G (5) va H (8), Chuang Xl. Tén File SHTRAC11.DOC. 50 céu héi gém A (Sedu hoi). B (9), C (7), D (5), B (5), F (6), G (5) va H (6) Chuong XII. Tén File SHTRAC12,DOC. 50 edu hai gém A (5 cau hei, B 15), C (6), D (5), E (6), F (6), G (6), H (4), 1 (5) va K (8) Chuong XIll. Ten File SHTRAC18.DOC. 40 céu hi gém | A (10 céu hair, B (8), C (6), D (6), E (5) va F (8), Chuong XIV. Ten File SHTRAC14.DOC. 40 eau hai gm A (10 cau hai), B (8), C (6), D (6), B (5) va F (6) Chuong XV. Tén File SHTRAC15.DOC. 40 edu hai gém : ~~ A (10 eau hdi), B (7), C (6), D (7), E (6), va PS). “Chuong XVI Ten File SHTRAC16.DOC. 40 eéu hoi gém A (0 eau hoi), B (7), C (5), D (6), B (6) va F (6), Chuong XVII. Tén File SHTRAC17.DOC. 40 cu hai gém A (20 céu héi), B (5), C (5), D (5), E (5) va F (10), CHUONG II. CO S6 HOA HOC CUA SU SONG A. Hay xée dinh noi dung cde cau sau dting hay sai : 2.1 Sy sting 1A dang hoat dong vat chat phuc tgp hon nhiéu so véi vat ly va héa hoe 22 Chi eé 4 nguyén t6 H, O, C, N tham gia vao céu tao chat séng, 2.3 Cée nguyén 6 H, O, C, N la ede nguyén to nang hon ca trong méi nhém cia bang tudn hoan cde nguyén t6 va do dé chiing tgo cdc lién két cbng héa tri yéu nhat, 24 Cae nguyén tu Carbon c6 thé gén voi nhau thank mach thang hay phan nhénh. 25 Carbon c6 thé két hop véi Nits tao lign két -C=N. 2.6 Cac hgp chat hizu cg 1a cde chat c6 chia C, H, O, N. 2.7 Cae chat hau ea trong co thé s6ng cé edu tao rat phite tap va da dang. Nhung chting duge tao nén theo nguyén tée don gidn la tir ede don chat néi lai tgo nén nhiéu dai phén ti khac nhau, 28 Cée dang séng ddu tién e6 thé xudt hién ti 30 hgp chét hitu co don gin kiéu nhy duéng, acid amin, eéc nucleotid... 2.9 Cae dung dich trung hoa ¢6 pH=1 2.10 Nguyén tir vai dign tir chuyén ra quy dao ngoai 1a nguyén ti da hép thu néing lugng. 2.11 Vi dién tir hau nhu khéng cé khdi lugng nén cdc déng vi C™* va C’* c6 cing trong lugng phan ti nhumg khéc nhau 6 tinh chét héa hoc gitta ching. 2.12 Nguyén tit Phosphore c6 s0 dign tit vong ngoai la 5 nén c6 8 dign tid quy dao ba 2.13 Chat lim gidm néng d@ ion H* trong dung dich nude 1a acid. 2.14 Nude dé néi trong nude vi céu trie mang cia né duge n6i lai nha lién két ion. 2.15 Cae chat hau co chiém hon 50% trong lugng té bao song. Chon cau tra ldi ding nhat trong sé cdc cau goi ¥. B. 216 Trong cdc kiéu lién keét sinh hoc quan trong sau , ei nao cén ft nang lugng hon dé lam dit ? Cée tuong tée ky nude ©) Céc lién két hydro. b) Cac ign két cong héa tr) 4) Cée lien két ion, 2.17 Nguyén 06 Silicium (Si) 1a nguyén té nhiéu thi hai trong vé qua dét_nhumg thudng khong phai 1a nguyén t6 quan trong déi véi cdc sinh vat trén qua dét. Tuy nhién, vai nhé khoa hoc suy doin ring Silicum sé 14 thanh phdn quan trong ciia cde sinh vat mt noi nao dé trong vi try. Cau triic nguyen tt cia Silicum ¢6 hai dign ti 1dp trong cing, 6p hai c6 8 dign tit va lép ngoai cing eé 4)di¢n tit Vé kha naing lién két Silicum giéng véi cde nguyén t6 nao trong 6 C, H, O,N? ~ spe Carbon b) Hydrogen ©) Oxygen 4) Nitrogen 2.18 Lién két cng hoa tri phan eye duge tao ra khi: AL Mot trong céc nguyén ti thanh phan o6 lye hut dign tir manh hon edi kia b) Cac nguyén tu thanh phan hut ede dién ti nhu nhau. c) Mot dién ti cia cdc nguyén tir thanh phan duge chufén'sang nguyén ti kia. d) Phan ti trd nén ion hoa e) Nguyén ur Hydro nam gia hai nguyén tu khdc nhau. 2.19 Cac lién két dugc tao nén gida ede phan ti nuée trong dung dich la: a) Cae lidn két cong. héa tri b) Cac lién két ion cone lién két Hydro) d) Céc tuong tée ky nude 2.20 Nude la dung moi rat t6t ctia cdc he thong sng, hda tan duge nhiéu chat khée nhau. Ly do vi : YX nude la mot phan tit hou eve bY nlige c6 nhigt dung cao ©. nude ¢6 sie cang bé mat lén d. cde phan tu nude ¢6 dae tinh két dinh ( cohision ) 2.21 Trong sé sau day loai chat nao khé tan trong nude: a) Chat ion héa b) Chat hau cue i KC chat va eye Asee! d) Chat trung tinh dién 2.22 Hai déng vi cia cing m§t nguyén t6 sé o6 s0 lugng khée nhau cia: A Trung tit (neutrons) c) Proton e) bva&e. “b) Dien tit * d) avab 2.23. Chat nao sau day khong duge tao ra do phan ting tringhop? 10. a) Cau trie bac 1 cia polypeptide. b) Caiu tric bac II cia polypeptide ©. Bubng sucrose. pid c 2.24 Dang tich trit nang Iugng dién hinh cia carbohydrate 4 dong vat 1a: {Glycogen b) Tinh bot ©) Cellulose d) Dutng Saccharose 2.25 Mue nao sau day minh hoa cho sy thiy gidi (Hydrolyse)? a) Phan ting cia hai dutng don tgo dudng déi giai phéng nude. b) Sy két hgp hai acid amin tao dipeptid. ©) Phan tng eda lipid tgo ra glycerol va acid béo gidi phéng nuée. {Phan ung cis lipid tao ra glycerol véi acid béo e6 si dung nuée. 2.26 Chat nao sau day khong phdi la Carbohydrate’ a) Lactose ©) Tinh bot Cholesterol b) Cellulose 4) Glycogen 2.27 Mue nao sau day ding cho céc isomer cau tric? Ching ¢6 cing mot cong thie phan ti b) Ching c6 cing mot céng thie edu tric. <2), Chiing ¢6 ede tinh chat héa ly tuong ty. ASN Ching luén luén c6 hinh cia nhau qua mat phdng guong. 2.28, Cai nao sau day khong phai la lién két cong héa tri? a) Céu disulfide 2.29 2.30 2.31. 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.36 2.36. 237 2.38 ‘pf. Lien két tao xodn a trong efiu trie xodin %e) Lien két gan hai Hydro v6i O cia phan tit nuée d) Lién két peptid ‘Thuat ngit dae biét nhat dé ding cho Saccharose trong cdc tir néu dudi day 1a: a) Polycaccharide ¢) Monosaccharide e) Peptid pK Disaccharide a) Carbohydrate Bot dé dang duge tiéu ha 4 ngubi, trong khi dé cullulose thi khong vi: a) Bot 1a polysaccharide con cellulose thi khéng. *B) Tinh bot 1a dai phan tit phan nh4nh, con cellulose thi khéng phan nhénh. {s{\Céc phan ti glucose cia tinh bot va cellulose gn v6i nhau qua cdc lién két khéc nhau. “ay Enzyme thiy gidi bot 1a protein con enzyme thily giai cillulose khong phai e) Khong c6 muc nao ké tren Hydrocarbon cia ede acid béo ¢6 chita a) Khéng cé lién két doi b) Cc lién két déi carbon - carbon o) Ty Ie rat tt H XE Nhom carboxyl e) Cae nguyén tit N D. Chat nao sau day cé cae nguyén tir cla mot nguyén té khde vei C, Ova H? a) Lipid c) Glucose e) CAbvad Acid amin d) Lipid cia mang té bao [op chat héa hge c6 céng thite C\gH»:0;;. D6 1a: a) Acid amin c) Acid béo » e) Protein Carbohydrate d) Hydrocarbon Muc nao sau dé; a) Né Ia lipid. b) NO 1a chat ua née. ¢) N6 gay ching dau tim. BYN6 la thanh phan cau tao binh thu’ng cia mang té bao dong vat c6 vi. e) MOt s6 lugng Idn rat can cho an kiéng. Dau thye vat e6 diém dong dac thép hon mé dong vat, vi: a. thanh phén acid béo trong dau it hon trong mé b, axit béo trong déu c6 chuéi cacbon ngéin hen axit béo trong ma, X dau chita nhiéu gée acid béo khong no. d. dau chia it cholesterol y diing cho che nang ciia cholesterol? Nhom nao trong s6 ede nhém hoat dong sau day la ky nude: ° ° a) R-C-H b) -R-C-OH ©) R- OH H H K RCH . e) R-N-H H o Nh6m nao trén day la nhém hoat dong carboxyl? «= ) K- COP Bot ngot (Na glutamate, mudi Natri cia acid glutamate) 1a a) Dubng doi B b) Mot dang dutmg dy tra cia vi sinh vat. c) dipeptid Muéi Na cua mét acid amin. - aN a idenin, ) Mudi Na cia mét acid hiuco, “. *. % Bas E. XY a», ¥ ” 2.99, Bac edu trie nao gid vai trd quan trong hd trong phan ti protein : ; of Cau tric bge mot. ; ye Cau tric bie hai . ©) Céiu trie bac ba. 4) Cu trae bac bén. 2.40, Sat (Fe) 1a mot nguyén t6 gdm chat voi enzym va rét edn cho hoat tinh cia enzym. Trudng hop nay, Fe la XK Cofactor. b, Coenzyr. Nhém prosthetic. > Chat de ehé 241, Dac diém nao sau day pha hgp véi pfotein edu tric keratin a. Protein kh6i edu b, Dé tan trong nuée ©. Cu trae eaip 1 dae trung 4d, Trung tam hoat dong SE Néi- S-S - gitta ce chubi polypeptid 2.42 Protein nao sau day khong phai la chat ¢6 hoat tinh sinh hoe: cf a) Noe ran. b) Hormone tang trudng, Actin. 4d) Protein gay déc thye pha. athe 2.43 Protein nao sau day kh6ng phai 1a Enzyme: pabhou ? a) Amylase. OT b) Trypsin. x Ribonuclease Fibroin 2.44 Protein ndo sau day khéng phai lA protein edu trie: THE mogld ae a) Cée protein cia v6 virus. b) Keratin, Hemoglobine Collagen > 2.45, Protein nao sau day khéng phai la protein van chuyén: 1 20°! a) Myoglobine b) Albumin huyét twang. Insulin 4) Globulin mang sét 2.46, Protein nao sau day JA protein van dong Myosin, lb iio pst ‘5) Trombine i ©) Khéng thé d) Kénh protein cua mang. F. 2.47, Ci nao trong nhiing mé ta sau day thich hgp nhét cho cée nucleotide? a), Base nitric va nhom phosphate. Base nitric, nhém phosphate va dung 5C. c) Base nitric va dubng 5C. » 4) Dutng 5C va adenine hay uracil. _ ®) Dubng 5C, nhom phosphate va purine. 2.48, Diém no khong phai 1a khéc biét cau tric gitta ADN va ARN a) Mach kép va mach don. b) Desoxyribose va ribose. ¢) Thymine va Uracil. Polynucleotid. 2.49 Nhung chat nao duge goi 1a ede phan tix thong tin? a) Polysaccharide. b) Steroid. ©). Protein. 4d), Acid nucleie. evad 2.50 Diéni nao khong thuge tm quan trong eda ede lién két yéu: a) Dinh hinh edu tric khéng gian. : b), Nhan bit dac higu Dé tach chiét. @) Ty lip rap. LOIGIAI A. 1d. 2s. 3.5, 4.4. 5.d. 65. 7.4. 8.4. 95, 10.4. 11s, 12s. 13.8. 14. B. 16.a. 17.4. 18.0. 19.b, 20.a, 21.c. 22.a. 23.4. C. 24.a. 25.d. 26.€. 27.d. 28.b. 29.b. 30.c. 31.4. D, 32.d. 33.b. 34.d. 35.c. 36.d. 37.b. 38.4. E.39.a. 40.c. 41.e. 42.c. 43.d. 44.c. 45.c. 46.a. F.47b. 48.d. 49.e. 50.c 6 CHUONG Ill. CAU TRUC CUA TE BAO A. Hay tra lai ede cu sau day ding hay sai va sita sai: 3.1, Su khuéeh tan trong khong khi nhanh hon trong nude. 3.2. Ce té bao ciia ci khoai tay 1& nhuge truong so vai nude ngot. 3.3. Nu dat vao moi trudng ut truong manh, té bao cla eg thé ban sé bj bé. 3.4, Nude ngot cé dp suat théim thu cao hon so véi té bao chat ca té bao thue vat, 3.8. Cae té bao nhan duge nude va ede chat hda tan nha dm bao (Pinoeytocis). 56, Vach té bao thi edlp day dae bigt c6 6 té bao thye vat duge chuyén héa lam ché dya, 3.7. Theo mé hinh hién nay cia mang, cdc permease 6 1é 1a ede protein chodin c& cde khe xuyén qua mang. 3.8. Té bao trong mdi trudng nhuge truong cé xu hudng mét nude. 3.9. Véch so ep cia té bao thyc vat gan voi mang té bao hon vach thi edp. 3.10, Chife nang ban dau cia ede ribosome 1a noi téng hgp lipid. 8.11. Trong céc té bao procaryote bo Golgi 18 mot bao quan ¢6 thutmg xuyén. 3.12 Nhén té bao chia théng tin di truyén. 3.13. Ti thé va luc lap la cée bao quan c6 chic nang bién d6i nang luong, 3.14. Té bao c6 kich thuée nhé nén ti 1é bé mat/kh6i lugng lén. 3.15. Phin ln chic nang dac higu ca mang té bao lién quan dén cdc protein mang. B. Chon cau tra di dting trong sé nhiéu cau ggi ¥: 3.16. Theo mé hinh cdi tric eta mang té bao dugé chap nhén hign nay, phén ngoai cla mang té bao gém: Cac phdn ngoai ky nude cia cde phan ti. Cac phan ua nude cia cdc phan ti. c) Cac phan tk khéng tich dién. 4) Cae ddu khong phan eye ca cée phan tu. 3.17 MBt nguoi bi mat mau nang, dé bé sung chat long cho co thé, nguéi ta truyén nude edt true tiép vao mach nguti bénh. Diéu nay c6 thé sé: a) Khéng cé higu qua bat lgi vi nude khong ed vi tring. b) Hau qua nang né co thé gay chét vi cé qlia nhiéu nuée dé tim bom di. ¢) Hau qua nang né gay chét vi ede 1 bao héng edu 6 xu hung co Iai tes qua nang né gay chét vi cdc t6 bao héng edu o6 xu huéng bij v6. e) Khong co hau qua nang né vi co thé nhanh chéng thai nudc this. a 3.18 Khi mt manh ld cay dat vao nude cat: a), Cée té bao la nhuge truong d6i voi nude. Nude la nhuge truong d6i vai té bao la. c) Té bao ding truong déi véi nude. 4) Nuéc 18 wu truong d6i v6i té bao. al inh dong khdm eda mang té bao, cdc thanh phan nao cia mang té nai 6 pé mat trong cia mang xép true tip vao té bao chét?. Sa Chi lipid. ©) Chi glycoprotein (e)) Lipid va Protein b) Chi protein 4) Lipid, protein, glycoprotein. bao dong vat sé 8.20 Cap nao sau day 18 sai a) Phospholipid- céc ving phan cuc va khéng phan cye. b) Cée 16 théng- cde protein gn véi ching. ©) Protein. ede lop lién tue. 4) Glycoprotein te ché tiép xtc. Permease- sy van chuyén tich eye. c. 321 Té bao ciia gan ngubi va té bao nhu m6 vd cia ré, c& hai duge dua vao ete chita nude et. SB xay ra diéu gi? ye TS bao gan s? trusng lén va c6 thé bi bé; té bao thyc vat sé rét cang phéng b) Te bao gan sé truong phéng va c6 thé bj bé; t€ bao thy vat s8 co Iai sao cho mang sinh chit tach khéi vach t€ bao. ©) TE bao gan co lai; té bao thye vat rét ctng. ‘TE bao gan co lai; t& bao thye vat co lai, 1am cho té bao chat tach khai vach t6 bao. ) C4 hai logi té bao sé c6 dp sudt thém thdu can bhng véi nude vi thé té bao khong truong g khong co lai 3.22 Té bao dong vat duge dat trong dung dich ding truong chita glucose. Mang sinh chit cia té bao c6 co ché van chuyén dae tring hép thy glucose. Gia djnh ring cdc chét tan khde khong vao cng khéng ra khdi té bao, sy kign nay sau day sé xdy ra? a) TE bao sé co lai. b), TS bao sé trung phéng. Glucose s@ roi bi bao. , d) Nuée rai bé té bao. “IO: pe) Khoi luong té bao khong déi. 3.28 Qué trinh doi héi nang lwgng ma nhé n6 cde phn tit chuyén dong qua mang duge goi la: p) Sy van chuyén tich eye. ©) Sy thém thau, b) Sy khugeh tan. 3.24. Mye nao sau day diing cho vach té bao thue vat: ‘Nude, khong khi va cdc chat hda tan cé thé di chuyén ty do qua véch té bao. Vach thi cap nam bén ngoai vach so cap. ©. Gidp té bao thye vat séng duge trong méi truéng uu truong ma khong bi bé ra, 4. Phign gita nim gitta céc vach so edp va th cap. €. Vach té bao so cap duge edu tao sao cho né xée dinh chat nao cé thé vao va ra khéi té bao 8.25 Sy van chuyén tich eye (active transport) a) Khong cén nang lugng hay permease b) Cain nang Ivgng nhung khong doi héi permease. Can permease va doi héi nang lugng. 4) Dan permease nhung khOng sit dung nang lugng, ©) Khong c6 mue nao trén day. D. Cée bao quan. 8.26 Myc nao sau day khong lién quan dén_bé Golgi: B6 golgi tiét ra va phéng thich céc sn phém héa hoc khée nhau tif té bao. Cac enzyme tidu héa duge hoan chinh béi bd Golgi va duge géi lei trong cae bot nhé gén trén fran ) Khi san phém di qua bé Golgi, né thudng duge bién d6i do cée enzyme. 1d) Céc bot tiét dich duge tao ra nhi b Golgi cd thé lam tang bé mat cila mang sinh chat. 327 Cap nao sau day 1a sai a) Lysosome- ché chtia cdc enzyme. b) Trung thé (centriole)- phan chia té bao 6 té bao dong vat. ©) Roi- 9+2 nhém vi éng. d) Cée ribosome- ngi téng hgp protein. Bo golgi san xuat nang luong, 3.28/Cap nao sau day dung mét edch chinh xéc: a) Chloroplast- ché chita eae enzyme. b)_ Bé golgi- sy nhan biét ca té bao. Hach nhén (nucleolus)- noi hinh thanh cée don vj eda ribosomes. a) Lysosome- nguén nang Iueng cia té bao. e) Cac lap thé (plastids)- ché dua céu true cia té bao. 3.29 Cac ban duge giao cho mgt sinh vat chua biét'loai gi va tim ra ring n6 khong ¢6 mang nhan va ti thé, Khong nghién eu tiép, edi nao nao sau day duge dy doan né sé c6: a) Ludi néi chat b) Lysosome c) Tién mao 942 Cac ribosomes ) Chloroplast 3.30.“CaPnao sau day lén nhat: DeCGhoroplast c) Tithé e) Ld cia mang nhan b) Ribosome d) Ecoli E. 8.31, Tat ed ede muc ké sau day déu duge tim thy 4 té bao procaryote trit: a) Tien mao Mang sinh chét — e) DNA , b) ribosome j.Bé golgi 3.32, Cau trie nao sau day khong thudng tim thdy 6 cA trong té bao Procaryote va trong té bao Euearyote? a) Mang sinh chat cy Nhiém sée thé —_e) Ribosome ») BO Golgi ‘ach t€ bao 3.33, Theo gid thuyét néi cng sinh @ té bao eucaryote trong tién héa, bao quan nao cia té bao bat ngudn tir té bao Procaryote ndi cong sinh? a) Nhan ~6) Chloroplast e) Peoxisome —~ _») BO Golgi 4) Trung thé (3.33. Cau tric nao sau day chita ADN? “ a) Nhan té bao gain sée thé Dey Tat c€ ede mye trén b) Tithé d) Lyc lap. F, Chife nang ede bao quan. 8.35 Muc nao sau day 1a sai véi chife nang ciia bao quan? a) B@ Golgi- géi sn phdm cho xuat bao (exocytosis) b) Hach nhan (nucleolus)- téng hgp ede don vj cia ribosome. Cac ribosome- téng hop lipid d) Lysosome- ché chia ede enzyme thiy gidi e) Ti thé: héa thém théu, 8.36 Cau triie nao “dong g6i” ede chét trude khi dua ching ra khdi t€ bao? rf BO Golgi ©) Luigi ndi chat nham e) Ludi ndi chat lang b) ‘Chloroplast d) Bot nhé tiét chat 8.37. Vach té bao thyc vat doi khi bj vo do 4p suat ti trong té bao, ap suit dé duge tao ra do nude xdm nhap vao: a) Ti thé ©) Lap thé (plastid) e) Vi dng Khéng bao (vacuole) ) Bé Golgi 3.38 Noi no trong té bao c6 vai trd chi yéu 1a téng hgp protein: a) Nhan Trén bé mat Iudi ndi chat nhém ¢) Trong xoang lui ndi chat tron a) Trong ti thé e) Trong lye lap 3.89 TE bao vi khudn 6: ~#h ribosome ©) Nhan hinh edu 4) mang ludi ndi chat d) Khéng bao tiéu héa 3.40 Té bao tuy tiét enzym tiéu héa. Putng di nao cia enzym nay trong té bao tir diém téng hyp dau tién dén ché duce tiét ra khdi té bao la duinj a), Nhan- bo Golgi: lisosome- khong bao- xuét bao. Mang gi chat nhdm- mang n6i chit tron- bo Golgi- boc chat tiét ‘c) Mang ndi chat tron- bo Golgi- khong bao- nhép bao. 4) Mang n6i chét tron- Mang néi chat nham- b6 Golgi- boc chit tiét- xudt bao. - xudt bao. G. 3.41, TE bdo thyc vat khée vdi té bao dong vat bai cé a.Nhan >&Lyelap —c. Tithé —d. Ribosome. 3.42 Bao quan nao trong s6 sau day khong chia ARN: a) Nhan ‘Khong bao a) Ti thé b) Té bao chat xs e) Lyc lap 3.43, Vach té bao thye vat: 6 cu tgo 1a cellulose. b)'c6 cau tao 1a kitin (chitin) ee as ©) vach boc kin té bao béi glycoprotein. d) Vach c6 edu tao protein xen lan cellulose 10 3.44 Mot ving trong té bao, chia dung dich cde chat tan, dy tri’ khong, sin phdm bién dudng, 06 vai trd quan trong trong si trao déi nude 6 té bao thy vat; Dé la a} Vach té bao d) Mang luéi ngi chat b), Té bao chat e) Mang té bao Khong bao 3.45 Chat khang sinh Stretomycin tiéu diét vi khudn do bam vao ribosome cla vi khudn. Cu thé 1a chat nay 4a: a) Lam réi loan sy sinh san ca vi khudn. fb) Réi loan sy chuyén héa nang lugng trong té bao. c) Ngan sy van chuyén trong mang ludi ngi chat. Ngan su téng hgp protein. e) Ngan suf cit dong eda vi khuén. 8.46 MGt té bao cé chia chat dy tri glycogen. Dé 1a té bao eita: a) mot vi khudn 16t té bao cia dong vat b) mot t@bao thanh tao“) tat ed déu khong ding c) mét té bao cia thye vat. HL 3.47 Ngudi ta dat lan lon té bao gan va té bao than vao chung trong m@t moi trutng nudi edly. Nhung khi tang truéng nhdng té bao gan lién két lai tang trudng thanh khdi riéng, nhing té bao thn tang truéng thanh khéi riéng. Thanh phn nao trong edu trie clia nhiing té bao nay da gidp ching nhan biét nhau dé két hgp thanh Kkhéi cing loai? a) protein mang b) nhimg protein dac higu ma té bao tiét ra lop polysaccharid (dudng da) 3 mat ngoai té bao. @) thanh phdn acid béo dac higu ca mang té bao. e) \ép pectin (phién gitia). 3.48, Glycocalyx ¢ té bao déng vat c6 diém nao tuong déng vdi vach té bao thuc vat trong s6 sau day: a, khung chée bao boe t€ bao b, khong dinh chat mang té bao (edu tao la dug da 7s 4:66 thé kham chat khée ( suberin, lignin) nén khong thém nude hoge eang ran, (648) Trong t€ bao, vi Sng, vi sgi e6 chic nang > Lam phan tir edu tric c) Léi lu chuyén cdc chat tng hop b) Chia enzyme 4) Cir dong t6 bao 3.50 Oge chat téng hgp trong t€ bao c6 thé liu chuyén tis ving nay t6i ving khée bén trong té bao 46 nba ~ — a), Nhp bao va xudt bao ©) Céu lien bao A Mang lusi ngi chat + a) Kénh mang 3.1 TE bao ré va lé nhiing thye vat song é moi tru’ng ngép man thudng tich lay mot lugng khodng rit cao dé dam bao ép sudt thdm théu, Luong khodng nay cé thé duge tich lay & dau dé khéng gay hai dén cde hoat dong sng khéc cia té bao? ‘Trong khong bao ¢) Trong té bao chat (thé trong suét) 'b) Trong vach té bao 4) Trong lysosome 8.52 Nhung vi dng ciia khung n6i bao (eytoskeleton) c6 cdfu tao Ia 8) Cellulose ePrten b) Lép d0i phospholipid ) Lipoprotein I. Chife nang ciia mang té bao. 8.53 Phan tir nao trong sau day sé di chuyén xuyén qua mang dé ding nhét (gid sit khong 06 co ché’ yan chuyén ché dong hay khuéch tén dé dang héa }: 7 a)acid amin ‘Chat tan trong lipid ©) Protein /_b) Tinh bet a) Nucleotia 8.54 Chat nao trong s6 sau day c6 thé duge dufa tiv ngoai vao trong tf bao ma khng edn xuyén qua cfu trite mang a) Acid amin 4) Aleol b) Tinh bot: ‘Acid béo ©) Protein x 3.55 Céc chat tan trong lipid duge hap thu vao té bao dé dang do: Khuéch t4n don gidn ©) Thém théu b) Khuéch tan dé dang héa d) Van chuyén tich eve 3.56 Tham tha la a) Chuyén dong cia mot chat trong dung méi cia né thuan theo gradien néng d6 b) Sy khuéch tan mot s6 chét tan qua mang thém chon loc khuéeh t4n cia nude qua mgt mang tham chon loc {4) Chuyén dong mgt chat xuyén qua mang thém chon loc nhd néing higng té bao 3.57 Mot té bao thyc vat da bj xtr ly nuge 100°C trong 2 phut, réi dat vao nude edt 30°C, trang thai t6 bao s@ la a) Co nguyen sinh Khong déi b) Truong nuée 4) Bi @ ra 8.58 Khi c6 lp cae bao quan, luc lap chang han, dé nghién edu che nang cia chiing, tai seo phai gil ching trong dung dich ding truong saccharose hay NaCl ma khéng phdi trong nude eft? a) Bé cung cap dudng hoae Na* cho bao quan b) Dé hoat dong héa enzyme cia bao quan }é bao quan khong bi bién dang hoae va 4) Dé gid bao quan khong bj khé va mét chic nang J. Sy van chuyén tich ewe. 3.59 Thuat nga “permease” ding dé chi a) Nhung enzyme thiy gidi chia trong lysosome. b) Céc protein kham trong mang té bao va mang céc bao quan. 3 Nhing protein khém xuyén mang e6 chife nang van chuyén xuyén mang ¢ a) Nhing protein kham cé chife nang van chuyén dign tit € ¢) Bnzym thiy phan mot protein dc higu ca mang 3.60 Diém nao khong phai la méi lién hé chi yéu gia cde té bao: a) Cae phan uf théng tin gin 6 mang ee a ~ b) Tin hiéu tae dong lén mang. e Sy khuéch tén gidm khéng 4 Céc edu trie lién bao trén mang. 12 3.61 Sy thém eita glucose vio té bio mau do protein tai duge goi la: ae ‘Su khuyét tan gidm khéng. bp Sy thdm thau. °) Su déng chuyén. a Bom glucose. 8.62 Ca ché van chuyén tich cuc gitip cho ede gion ra vao té bao, la cg sé dé chuyén ede xung than kinh. Dé 1a: a Sy déng chuyén. rb. Sy khuéeh tan e6 chon loc. ‘ Nhap bao Bom Na-Kalli 3.63 S¢ van chuyén cé phoi hgp dé dua 2 chat cing hie vao té bao duge goi 1a: a Bom Na-Kali ») Sy khuégeh tn e6 chon loe. 9 Xuat bao. ) Sy déng chuyén, K.Thong tin lién bao. 3.64 Diém nao sau day thude vé sv truyén tin higu noi tiét xa: Céc hormone vao mau tée dong dén cdc té bao khde. ») ‘Tac déng bling cdc chat héa hoe trung gian cuc b9. ° ‘Truyén qua synap. d Bom Na-Kali 3.65 Diém nao sau day thude vé sy truyén cn tiét: a Cc hormone vao méu téc dong dén cdc té bao khée, ) ‘Tae dong bing cdc chat héa hoc trung cue bo ©) Born Na-Kali sd) ‘Truyén qua synap. “3.66 )biém nao thupe vé sy truyén tin higu qua diém tigp xe gita ede t# bao thdn kinh: \ a Bom Na-Kali. YY Tac dong bang cde chat héa hoe trung gian cuc bd. °) Cée hon vio mau tae dong dén ede té bao khée. a) Truyén qua synap 3.67 Cac phan tw thong tin va nude gén vao' ay Cae protein tai dae bigt. OK Céc thé nhgn trén mang té bao ° Cac enzyme. 4 (Cae hormone. 3.68 Ce phan tit thong tin ky nude gén vao: : Xe Cée protein tai dac biet, ») Cac thé nhan trén mang té bao. 9 Cae enzym. 4d Cac hormone 8.69 Cae phan tir thong tin nao khong gin lén bé mat ma xm nhép vao trong té bac: a) Cae enzym thiy gidi, ») Cac ca thé nhan dac biét. 9, Cae phan tt thong tin va nude. Cae phan ter thong tin ky nuée. 3.70 Biém nado khéng phai la thé nhén protein trén bé mat té bao: /) 2) Cée thé nhan gin v6i cde kénb. b) Cée hormone 1a protein, ya Protein G. 4) Cac thé nhan xtc tée. LOI GIAL ld. 2.5, 385, 4s, 5d 6d. 7s. 88. 9s, 10, 16.b. 17.4. 18.b. 19.2. 20.¢. 2Le. We. 2d. Wa. 26. 26.b. 27.c. 28.c. 29.4. 30.a. Bld. 32d. 33.0. 34¢. 35.c 36a. 37.b. 38.b. 39a. 40.b, ALD. 42.0, 43.8. 44.c. 45.4. 46.4, A7.c. 48.c. 49.0, 50.b. Sla. 52c. 53.c. 54.c. 58.0. 56.c. 57.0. 58c. 59.c, 60.c. Gla. 62d. 638.4 64.a, 65.b. 67.b. 68.a. 69.4. 70. ls. 124. 18.4. 14.4. 15.4, 4 CHUONG IV. NANG LUQNG VA SY TRAO DOI CHAT A. Xée dinh ngi dung ede cau sau diing hay sai, n€u sai thi sia. 4.1 ATP due sif dung lam nguén nang lugng cho cde phan ting sinh t6ng hop. Cae cau tnie va phan ting héa hoc trong co thé duge duy tri theo trat ty sinh hoc. 4.3 Ofc vitamin la nhing chét quan trong vi ching diéu hoa trao déi chat. 44 Khi xy ra phan eng héa hgc , c6 sy bién déi nang lugng ty do. 4.5 Mbt kiéu diéu hoa thutng gap la sy digu hoa nguge khi san phdm cudi c6 mhiéu sé de ch€ phén img.ddu lam ‘ngung tong hop. 4.6 Céc enzyme duge tgo thanh phic hyp mt ede ngéu nhién khong liém quan dén day chuyén phan cing, 4.7. Nang lugng mat trai la ngudn nang lugng cho sy s6ng trén trai dat. 48° Sy gn céc enzyme thanh chudi trén ede mang té bao va cée bao quan gidp chiing khdi bj phan iy. 4.9. ATP la ‘tién t@' nang lugng. 4.10. Cée coenzyme lam nhiém vy thu nhgn cde nhém héa hge dae higu. Chon eau tra loi ding: B. 5 4.11. Té bao séng cing tuan theo quy ludt nhigt dong hoc II vi = D€ Hoat dong cia té bao séng lam tang sy hén logn moi trudng xung quanh. ’b, Cae phan img thu niet. c. Thay déi nang lugng ty do. 4. Hép thu naing lugng mat tro. 4.12, Nang luong ty do la: Daj Nang lugng von cé cia mot hé théng. “p) Nang lugng bj mat trong phan ung. ¢) Nang lugng thu duge trong phan ung. d)Nang lvgng cdn Iai sau phan ting, 4.13. Trong phan img ngdu nhién, nang lugng ty do: a) Duge phéng thich ra b) Duge tiéu thu. ©) Bang khong. (Khéng thé dy doan 4.14, Xet phan ung téa nhiét: A--->B + C_ xc t4e bai mot enzyme. Muc mao sau day la sai? a) Phdn ting khong thudng xuyén lam bién déi enzyme. b) Sy pha vo edu tric bée ba sé lam bién déi hay pha hiy kha nang xc tée phan ing cud enzyme ) Enzyme lam gidm nang lugng ty do, tie lam phan ting it toa nhiét. if Enzym lam gidm nang lugng hoat héa edn dé phan ting xy ra 4.15, Néu aG=1 (Phan iing la thu nang, ~») Phan ing phéng thich nang lugng. ¢) Chat phan tng nbiéu gép 10 lan sn phdm. d) Hai trong s6 ede mye né trén 1a dung. 4.16, Theo so 4é: Trang thai ban d4u (nang lugng cao)—-> Trang théi cudi (nang Ivong thap hon), phan ing la pein niet b) Hap thy nhigt ©) Phan ing ngdu nhién. 4.17. Tée d@ cia ede phan ting héa hoc tang nh: Gidm nang lugng hoat héa e) Gidm néng 46 cdc chat phan ting, b) Lam lanh phan tng, d) Lay chat sie tée di ©) Hai trong sé ede muc trén day diing. 4.18. Phan ting héa hoe e6 AG dusng duge coi 1a: xf Noi nhiét (endergonic). ’b) Ngoai nhiét (exrgonic). ©) Ngdu nhién (spontaneous) d) Téa nhigt (exothermic) ©. Cac chat tham gia bién déi nang lugng. 4.19, ATP la chat trao déi nang lugng nhd c6: a) Phan tit e6 3 P. Lien két P giau nang lugng. ©) C6 Adenin d) C6 dudng Ribose. 4.20. ATP cung cap nang lugng cho ede phan ting téng hop bing eéch: ‘Chuyén nhém ~ P cho sén phém. }) Tao chat trung gian dé sdn phém xay ra qua hai giai doan. ©) Xie tée phan ting d) Lam phan ting téa nhiet. e) Cung ep nhigt cho phan ting thu nhigt. 4.21, Phan ting thiy gidi ATP tao ra AMP va 2 Pi trai qua may giai dogn? a) 1 2 03 a4 5 4.22, Mye nao sau d4y sai? a) ATP chuyén nhém P. b) Phan ting khit thém H. DX\NADH) chuyén H va e. d) Phan tng oxy héa thém dign tit, D. 4.23, Chat nao sau day khong phai la chét mang lye “kha”? a) NAD-Hy ©) FAD-Hz e) Cytochrome b) NADPH: a Acetyl-CoA, 4.24, Tée nhan nao sau day c6 tac dung ha thap nang lvgng hoat héa: a. nhigt 40 d. coenzyme b. chat xie tée hoa hoc fa) va (b) dung ~e-enzyme, ) va (c) diing 4.25. Enzyme xe tée mot phan ting héa hoe a) do cung cap nang lugng hogt héa b) do lam gidm aG. ef do lam gidm mie nang lugng hoat héa. 4) do déi can bling phan ting theo huGng thudn loi hon. 4.26. Coenzyme 16 a) la tién thén cia enzyme. b) la mét protein edu. Se{la déng yéu to (cofactor) cia mot sé enzyme d}cé hoat tinh tugng duong enzyme. e) lam tang van t6e xtc tée cia enzyme. 4.97. Enzyme khong khae véi cde chat xic tac héa hoe béi dae diém nao: a) Tinh dac higu phan ing, b) Ban chat protein. . Gidm nang higng hoat héa 44) trung tam phan ting. 4.28, Cn c6 nhing lugng nho vitamine (thi dy nhom sinh t6 B) trong khéu phn dé cung eép cho co thé chting ta vi nhimg vitamine nay a) cung cp nang lugng cho té bao. b) la tién chat téng hgp nhiéu enzyme. op(la tién chat téng hop nhiéu coenzyme. d) lA chat xtic tae cho cdc phan ting trong co thé. 4.29. Hinh dang, vi tri hoat dong ciia m6t enzyme c6 thé khong bi bién déi béi yéu t6 nao sau day mac dir hoat dong xe tac bi n6 tc ché: a) nhigt 49 cao ) chat didu tiét dj lap thé b) nhiét 46 tha {chat te ché canh tranh, ©) pH xa pH t6i uu. E.Enzyme (tiép theo) 4.30, Van t6c oxy héa Succinal béi Succinate dehydrogenase (sin phém phan tng 1a fumarat) bi chém han lai, khi thém malonate vao méi trudng phan ting. Vén tée oxy héa succinate Iai o6 thé tang cao trd lai néu ngudi ta lei thém succinal vao méi trubng. Qua sy kién trén, ¢6 thé dodn, déi véi enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, malonate la Yw(ehat tte ché canh tran. b) chat we ché di 18p thé. ©) chat hoat hoa 4d) de ché nguge 4.81, Thue Sulfamid te dong bang each gin vao hay hoan toi chiém trung tam hogt dong cla enzyme tham gia xde tée mot phan ting quan trong trong sy tang trudng cia vi khudn va nh vay lam mat hoat tinh cia enzyme. Trong truéng hgp Sulfamid sé duge migu tA la: a) Coenzyme ©) Ohét de ché khong canh tranh b) Chat dem Rf Chat tte ché canh tranh e) Co chat 4.92, Cap nao sau day 1a sai? a) Enzyme- sy tang tée a9 olla phan ong. b) Enzyme- trung tam hoat dong. inzyme- thay d6i huéng ei phan ting. 4) Bnzyme- phuc hop edu trac khong gian ba chiéu. e) Enzyme- hoat dong trong mot gidi han hep cia pH. 4.33. Mot trong cae van dé nao néu sau day lién quan dén enzyme la sai: a) Enzyme la cée protein eé chife nang la chétt xi téc b) Cac enzyme c6 tinh dae higu cao d6i v6i mot s6 phan ti ma chiing tae dong. Cée enzyme bdo ddm nang Ivgng hoat héa cho eée phan tig ma chiing xic tée d) Hoat tinh cia cdc enzym c6 thé duge diéu hda béi vai ebiing e) Mot enzyme c6 thé duge sit dung nhiéu Ldn. Ac nhan t6 trong mi trudng tryc tiép 4.34, Trong cée hé théng sinh hoe, cdc enzyme a) Khong c6 higu qua déi vdi tée do phan ung. "Tang te d6 phan ting ¢) Thay déi hudng cia cdc phan ting héa hoe. 4) Thong xuyén bj bién déi do ede phan ting bj chiing xtc tae. e) Ngan edn sy bién déi cia ca chat. 4.35, Khi cée enzyme bj nung néng qué mifc trong ng nghigm thudng chiing giém hoat tinh. Trong vai trutng hgp, hoat tinh duge phue héi khi nhiét d6 trd lai binh thudng. Trong cde trung hgp 46 edi nao sau day khOng bj tac dong do nhigt? a) Céc lién két ion. b) Cac lien két hidro ©) Céec tuong tae ky nude a Cae lien két peptid e) Khéng c6 cai nao ké trén. 4.36, Hemoglobin c6 4 nhém hem khéng protein nhy la m6t thanh phén cia phén ti, méi nhém hem duge coi nhu : a) Cofactor D> Nhom prosthetic ¢) Cau trie bée hai. b) Coenzyme d) Chat diéu hoa dj lap thé (allosteric) F. Diéu hda trao déi chit. 4.87, Trao déi chat cia 1 bao cn ¢6 sy diéu hda nhip nhang vi: a) Cé mhigu con dung trao déi chat canh tranh véi nhau déi véi mét chat. b) G cdc thai diém khée nhau sé lugng mdi chdt cdn khéc nhau. ©) Can phn hay ede chat dé c6 nang lvgng. DMiavar. 4.88. Co ché diéu hoa nguse duse thuc hign do: Enzyme xic tée phan ting bj kim ham. b) San phém canh tranh. ©) Thigu co chat 4) Co chat gin véi sin phim. 4.39. Cée con dutmg trao déi chat duge diéu hoa bai: a) Enzyme xie tée phan ting bj phan hiy. ©) pH. Sy thay déi hoat tinh enzyme. @) San phém canh tranh, 4.40.8 cdc phan ting thyc hién theo day chuyén hop lf, cdc enzyme duoc: Teo thanh phuc hgp enzyme. b) Gan thanh chuéi trén mang. 18, ©) Gin chat véi eo chat. d) N6i xen vdi co chat LOI GIAL L414, 24. 38. 4d 5d. 6s. 74. 85. 94. 105, 1a Wa 13d. 14d. 18a. 16.0, 17a, 18.4 .19.b, 20.a, 21D. 220. 23.4. IAL Ic. Ie. Be. Be. W.e 30.0. 31d. 820. 838c, 34.b. 35.4. 36. 37.4, 98.0. 39. 40.4, CHUONG V. HO HAP TE BAO A. Hay xée dinh ede cau sau day diing hay sai, néu sai thi sifa: 5.1. Phan lén cae ATP méi duge tao nén do sy phan hiy héo khf hoan ton glucose thanh CO, va nude da duge t6ng hep nén do sy di chuyén dign tit qua chudi hé hap. 5.2, Sy ho hap hodn to&n 1 phan ti acid pyruvie £8 cho nhiéu ATP hon sy hé hép hoan to&n 1 phan uh acid acetic 5.3, Sy/hd hap ho&n toan mot phan td glucose tao nén COs. 5.4. Chu trinh acid citric kéo theo sy oxy héa cée acid amin va lipid eng t6t nhu glucose. 55. Phan ung PGAL than acid pyruvie xy ra ben trong ti thé, 5.6. Subé gay mot phan ti glucose tao 2PGAL san sinh ra 2 ATP méi. 5.7. Mot gram lipid tgo ra mot nang lugng bing mot gram glucid.5 5.8. Tat ca cde phin ung hé hap héo khi xay ra trong ti thé. 5.9. Phan lén nang lugng ATP duge tao ra khi oxy hda glucose sinh ra qua téng hgp héa thém thu (chemiosmosie). 5.10. i thye vat, duong phan xay ra trong ti thé. Chon eau tra lei ding trong ede ggi ¥: B. Chu trinh Krebs. 5.11, Ce enzyme xic'tée ede phan cng cia chu trinh Krebs duge tim théy trong bio quan nao cia Ewcaryotae? a) Lue lap. ©), Lysosome ©) Lui ngi chat a b) Ribosome DL Ti thé k , 5.12. Mt trong nhUng san phém cia sy bin duong hoan toan glucose las" a - Nude ©) Acid lactic ©) Acid pyruvie b) NADH 4) Acetyl coenzyme 5.18. C6 bao nhieu phan ti ATP duce tng hgp tryc tip trong chu trinh Krebs néu cung eéip cho té bao hdo khi 10 phan ut acid pyruvie? a)12" 15 ef Bhong o6 edi nao ké tren, bid ans C6 bao nhiéu phan ti CO, duge tgo ra trong 10 vong cia chu trinh Krebs? a) 10 20 ¢) 80 d)40 e) 300 5.15. Chu trinh Krebé sii dung acetyl-coA lam chat xuét phat. C6 bao nhiéu COr duge tao ra trong 100 vong cia chu trinh? , ito (2001900 aa 000 5.16. Sdn pham can bdn cia chu trinh acid citric 1a: a) Acetyl-coA b) Ascid citric ©) ADP. 4) Cée chat mang dién tir da oxy héa. (Céc chat mang dién ty da duge kh > x TR C. Tao nang lwong ATP. 5.17. Khi phan td acid pyruvie bi phan hy ho&n ton thanh Hz va COs trong sy hién din ci bao nhigu ATP duge tao ra? a) 12 15 _Pxthong 06 edi ndo ké tren bya ais 5.18, BSi vei t& bo dding vat sting, chét nao sau day o6 nang lung Id hon ef trén mot phén ei? 2) ATP ©) FAD-Ha b) NAD-Hy 4) CO, a 20 5.19. Khi 0 bao ca bién dudng glucose trong su ving mat hodn toan O, tat ed cde chét sau duye tao ra trit a) POAL ©) Acid pyruvic Ares CoA wy ATP €) Acid lactic 5.20. Chit nio sav day din hinh cho trao d6i chat & dong vat hon 6 thye vat? a) COz c) Acid citric e) PGAL pf Acid lactic @ Acid pyruvie 5.21, Phat tng téng cong nao sau day gidi phong ning lugng nhiéu hon; a) PGAL > acid pyruvie b) Acid pyruvie > acetyl CoA ©) ADP + P, ‘Acetyl CoA 5.22, Vai trd can ban eda Or trong ho hip la: a) Cung cap nang lugng tao ATP khi né di qua chuéi ho hép. ‘Tae dong nhw chat nhan dign ti va hydrogen, tgo thanh nude. c) Két hgp véi carbon tgo ra COz @) Két hgp vdi acid lactic tao acid pyruvic. e) Xe tée ede phan ding duéng phan. D. 5.23. Céc giai doan cia oxy héa glucose duge ké sau, giai doan nao sau day tao ra nhiéu ATP hon cd khi glucose bi oxy héa hoan toan tao ra CO, va nuéc? a) Giai doan I: duong phan b) Giai doan TI: oxy héa acid pyruvic thanh CoA ¢) Giai doan II: chu trinh krebs © 4 AL Giei doan IV; phosphoryl oxy héa 5.24.’Giai doan nao ké trén khong c6 02? K ob oc a. 5.25, Giai down nto RE trén xiy rad tbaochit? YK bd 5.26. CO, duge tao ra d giai doan nao? ) Chi giai doan ©) Ga III va IV ©) G41, II va IV Gat vam 4) Ga 1, I va I 5.27, ATP duge tao ra truc tiép d giai doan nao? a) Chi gd] c) Gd II va e) Ca4Gd b) Gd I va IL Gd I, III, va IV 5.28. O, duge sit dung tryc tiép 6 giai doan nado? a) Chi gd 1 ©) Gé II va 111 cn ev b) Ga I va II 4) Gd 1 va IT 5.29. NAD-Hz duge oxy héa 6 giai doan nao? a) Chi gd 1 @) Gd IT va IIT Me sav ) Gd 1 va HL d) Gd I, Il va IIT E. 5.30. Gia strchat A nhan dién ti tir chat B. Chat A s® nhu thé nao? a) Ba duge oxy héa ~~ o}-N6 tré-nén giau nang lugng Bk vac b) Ba duge khtt davac a 5.31. Cée enzym eda dung phan nim &: a) Trén bé mat trong cia mang t€ bao. >e{Trong té bao ch: )'G mang trong cia ti thé. d) G mang ngoai cia luc lap. ©) G be Golgi 5.82. Chute nang hang dau cia sy lén men la: a) Téng hap glucose, b) Téng hgp acid lactic. ¢) Tich nang Iugng cho NAD. d) Téng hop ATP. s/ Tiép tuc bién déi thanh ruge ethanol va CO», 5.38/Mbt 36 v8 bao dong vat bign dubng glucose khi thi&u Oz. Chét nao la phé ligu? CO. ©) Ethanol Se) Acid lactic ’) Reid pyruvie @) NAD 5.94. Gid sir té bao nm men sit dyng 10 glucose dé tao nang Iugng khi thiéu oxy. Sé c6 bao nhieu nang lugng duge them? eo ATP-NADH ©) 10 ATP-NADH ©) 10 NADH b) 20 ATP 4) 10 ATP 5.35. Khi mOt sinh vat tam théi thiéu O, né nhan nang lugng ti: 2) Chu tinh Krebs Si Duong phan va len men ° cc) Oxy héa acid pyruvic thanh CoA d) Chudi ho hap chuyén dign tir e) 2 trong sé trén FE 5.96. 6 thye vat _Khi duge chiéu sing, phan I6n ATP ding cho t6ng hgp prptein, ding chay té bio chat va ede chite nang khde tao nén tit: a) Phan ting ti cda quang hop. Phan iing s4ng cla quang hgp. } Dutng phan. 4) Téng hgp dign thém thaw e) Sy le men, 5.87. Cé bao nhieu ATP duge tgo ra tir oxy hoa mdt acid pyruvie dén thanh CO, va H,0? yobs 12 ais ©) 36 5.38. Trong bign dudng té bao, oxy duge sit dung : a) Bam bdo dign ti cho quang phosphoryl héa. b)Trong dvong phan. Lam chat nhan dién ti cudi cing, 4) Trong lén men. €) Trong chu trinh Krebs. 5.39. Trong chuéi chuyén dign wi ho hap, cde dign td duge chuyén tir phan ty nay sang phan tir khae. Chat nhgn dién ti cudi cing la: ‘Oxy ©) Ubiquinone (44 oxy héa) e) Cytochrome-a Dy)NAD b) FAD 5.40. Mye nao sau day I sai? ) Chui chuyén dién ti bom H” vao khoang gidfa 2 mang ti thé. b) Cée phan t eta chudi chuyén dién ti duge tim thay 6 mang trong cia ti thé. ©) Chia trinh Krebs dién ra é dich ti thé, 4) ATP due téng hgp nhi héa thém thu xuyén mang trong . DR Bing e6 mye mdo ké tren, G. 5.41. Myc nao sau day 1a sai d6i voi téng hp héa thm thu ATP? 2) Gan sy tao thanh ATP vao chu6i chuyén dign ti ») Oxy héa NAD-Hy. ) ATP duge ting hap nhy sy dung nang lugng duge tgo ra khi H” di chuyén ti ving e6 néng 40 cao dén th&p. d) Mot thang pH ton tai xuyén qua mang trong cua ti thé. C6 cée dign tur va H’ déu di tir cytochrome qua cytochrome va dusng nhién dén oxy. 5.42."Gia thuyét héa thém théu dua vao ching cf nao sau day? (sy kien rang ti thé bj v6 thi khong tgo ATP AYSu ton tai cdc he chuyén dign ti dde lép & luc lap. ¢) C6 sy khae nhau vé dién tich gidta mang trong ti thé va mang té bao. a) Sy mat kha nang cia FAD-Hy chuyén nang lugng thita dé tao ATP. 5.43. Phan tt glucose c6 thé duge oxy héa hoan toan béi: 4) té bao trong diéu kién ky khi (khong e6 mat oxy). té bao trong diéu kien hao khi (eo mat oxy). ‘¢) ti thé cd lap trong diéu kién ky khi. 4) ti thé cé lap trong diéu kién hao khi. 5.44. NAD, FAD, d6i véi cde enzyme dehydrogenase ( thi dy NAD déi véi dehydrogenase rugu trong sylén men , FAD d6i v6i succinate dehydrogenase trong chu trinh Krebs ) 1a a. Co chat ¢. nhém prosthetic bende didu tit aj tgp thé coenzyme 5.45, Cung cap acid pyruvic cho ti thé cb 14y ig diéu kign ky khi, ti thé sé: a) Thodi bién acid pyruvic thanh CO, va H,0. jb{'Thodi bién acid pyruvic bang eo chjé len men, ¢),Thodi bién acid pyruvic thanh acetyl-CoA. Ga, b, va didu sai 5.46. Cae phan ting cia chu trinh Krebs déu khong c6 sit dung oxy, nhung khong thé hoat dng trong diéu kign khong 6 mat oxy, vi: \g NADH va FADH, khong duge tai oxy héa. ) C6 phiin dng kh hydro.] ©) Cn oxy hoa khit CO, « d) Tong hgp acid citric. H. 5.47, Chait nao trong st cde chat sinh ra tir qua trinh lén men la cén thiét cho hoat dong s6ng cia té bao trong diéu kign thiéu oxy: Acid lactic @)NAD bY ethanol e) acetaldehyde ©) COz a,b, c,d vae déu sai 5.48. Thodi bin mi phan tit acid pyruvic theo co ché lén men trong diéu kign ki khi, 6 bao tryc tip tao ra duge tif qué trinh nay a. 2ATP b. 4ATP oaTP 5.49. Cytochrome e6 thé tham gia trong chubi chuyén dign ti ho hap do cytochrome ¢, 06 nhiéu néi doi khong ving d.c6 kha nang chuyén 2 dign tirva 1 Ht e, mbi cytochrome chuyén 1 dign ti 5.50. Ti thé khong thé thye hién chu trinh Krebs néu thiéu SwToxy ) ATP 4) NADH e)ava c ding 23 5.51. Bat nhtng manh mang trong ti thé c6 dinh ATP-ase vao mOi trudng chifan phén tir ADP va n Pv ea. a) n phan tit vo co tao ra b) n-l phan tif ATP tao ra Dxkhene tao ATP nao 5.52. C6 nhting héa chat lam cho mang trong ti thé tré nén thaim d6i voi H’. Xi ly bang nhung chat nay, ti thé khong thé téng hgp ATP da van tiép tue oxy héa eg chat hit ea. LY do vi a) Bom mang khong hoat dong. b) Cau trie ATP-ase bj bién déi. ©) Nong dp H’ cao de ché su téng hop ‘Khong hinh thanh duge mot gradient néng dj H* xuyén mang. ‘) Khing tao dée mot gradient néng 46 thém thé xuyén mang 5.53. Phosphoryl oxy héa (hay oxy - phosphoryl hea): a) Phan tng cap gitta oxy héa glucose va phosphoryl héa ADP b) Phan dng ep givta oxy héa glucose va phosphoryl héa glucose cy hoa NADH; va phosphoryl héa ADP 4) Oxy héa NADH va phosphoryl héa ATP €) Phan ting phosphoryl héa cung ep nang lugng cho phan tng oxy hoa L 5.54. Dung sde thm thu ngubi ta phé vo mang ngodi céa ti thé. Néu dgt nhing ti thé khong 6 mang ngoai nay vao moi trudng chia mot ea chat e6 thé duge oxy h6a bdi ti thé, axit succinic ching hen, bao nbiéu ATP sé duge tgo ra khi mbi phan ti axit succinic duge oxy héa ? a3ATP b.2ATP c.1ATP XO ATP 5.55. Giai doan nao cia thoi bién glucose trong té bao xdy ra ging nhau trong diéu kien hao khi va ky khi, D6 la giai doan : axit pyruvic -> acetyl-CoA + CO, slucose -> 2 axit pyruvic c-axit pyruvie ~> axit lactic d. Téng hgp héa thm théu ATP (phosphoryl oxy héa) 5.56. Ca ché nao sau day khong xay ra été bao dong vat : a. Duong phan X b) Phosphoryl hoa khong vong. Chu trinh Calvin, 4) Céc phan ing séng. ¢) Phan Gng sdng va t6i 6.23. San phém cudi cing cia phosphoryl héa khéng vong la: De02, ATP, NDAPH ¢) Nuée, ADP, NADP e) Nude, CO,, ATP b) COz, PGAL d) PGAL, ADP, Ribulose 6.24. Chat nao sau day khong cn tgong tat cd cde giai doan cia qué trinh quang hgp: a) ADP deo: ©) H20 4) ATP ) NADP 6.25. San phém cuéi cling cita phan ting t6i cia quang hgp la: a) ATP DI PGAL " e) NADPH; d) O2 e) COp D. 6.26, Sy kign nao trong s6 sau trong hoat dong cia quang hé thong II duge néu ra khong ding: a) Nang lugng anh sang kich thich eac digh tit trong eéc sc t6 antene eila don vi quang hgp. b) Sy kich thich duge truyén qua ede se t antene dén Pogo trong dan vi quang hgp. Jef Chlorophyll Pew cho cp dign ti true tiép dén NADP dé n6 bién thanh NADPH. 4) Céc ché tréng cia dign tit & Pago duge lp bai ede dign ti nude. €) Sy pha vé nude gidi phéng O» phy phém. 6.27, Muye nao sau day vé quang hop 1a sai Sqf'Nang lugng anh sdng thyc hign quang phosphoryl héa ¢6 thé truéc tién duge cdc she 6 ee giit lai trong quang hé thong I va tir d6 chuyén dén phan ti P700 va ch&c gid n6 lai. b) ATP duge tng hgp khi ede dign tir giau nang tong di chuyén doe theo ede phan ti nhan dign ti va giam bot timg bude theo thang nang lung c) M@t sé té bao quang hgp cud thye vat chi e6 quang phosphoryl héa vong nhung ching khong gidi phong oxy va cing khong hdan tat duge cde phan ting t6i ) C6 hai phan img anh sang trong quang phosphoryl héa khong vong. 6.28, Quang phosphoryl héa khong vong: a) Can nude dé phan hiy. » b) Tao ATP. ©) Xay ra khi kit NADPH, . yafca a va b. 7c) Ca b vac. 6.29, Trong quang hgp, nuée duge phan hiy dé: a) Tao 0, cdin cho phan iing t6i WL Cung cap ede digm tir dé kh NADP. c) Cung ep dign tit cho quang phosphoryl héa vong. d) Cung c&p dién tu edn cho oxy héa P680 va P700. 6.80, Trong ede phn ing tdi ca quang hop: S00, due giin vao ede phan tit chat hau eo. 'b) Os duge tao ra, ©) HO bj phan hiy. 4) ATP duge téng hop. €) Cée dign tit quay lai chlorophyll 6.31, Cée phan ung ti quang hop xay ra 6: Y Dich ci luc lap (stoma). ‘b) Thylacoid. ©) Mang té bao @) Grana, e) Cae mang bao luc lap. 6.82. Cée phan itng t4i cua quang hgp: #) Xay ra chi ban dém, b) Thutng xay ra ban ngay. ©) Khong xay ra ngoai séing. SQ Ca a va b. E 6.33, Khi oxy duge tgo ra trong quang hgp bit nguén ti a) Khir PGAL, b) Phan hiy CO, Spy phan hiy eta nude trong quang phosphoryl héa khéng vong. 4) Thém CO, vao phan ti 5C, ¢) Tgo ATP trong quang phosphoryl vong. 6.34. Mot don vi quang hop gém: a) Mot phan ti tung tam phan ing. B) Psp Va Prop ©) Cée carotenoid. 4) Cae protein mang. ‘H@ thong g6m vai tram sic t6 antene va mot trung tam phan tng. 6.35. Khi phan ti chlorophyll eda he thong quang I nhén anh séng, né mét dién tl. Trong dong dién tit khong vong dign tit dé duge thay thé. 2) TW mot cia sée 6 antene. b) Tir déu khée cia hé thong quang I. Sel Duse cho tie hé thong quang UL. 4) Duge cho tiy chlorophyll khéng duge kich thich ©) Ty mot trong ede nguyén ti hydro eda nude. 6.36, NADP duge khif trong quang hgp do cdc dién tir dén tiy dau? a)NADPH, b) NAD-Hp c) Chlorophyll a De nuse 6.87, Chat nao sau day 18 sn phém eila ede phan dng séng trong quang hop déx%g thdi la chat phan ting trong eéc phan ting t6i sj NADPH, va O bavpvaco, cents @NADPH, va ATP 4) NADP, ATP, CO, gE 6.88. Bude nao sau day mé ta chinh xée bude gan Carbon cia chu tring Calvin a) CO, + IC; +p),CO, + 1C, ©) CO, + 5C, 41.00, + 10, €) CO, + 20, 6.39, Ban dém chu trinh Calvin eda luc lap kkong hoat dong vi: a) Thiéu anh séng, 4) Thiéu ATP. b) Thiéu CO, e) Thigu ATP va NADPH; >@ Thigu HO 6.40. Chat dung dau tien duge tao ra ti chu trink Calvin la a) Acid phosphoglyceric (PGA) €) Glucose Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) _d) Sacchrose 6.41.Sy téng hgp ATP trong qué trinh phosphoryl héa theo cg ché nao: Hoa thdm théu 'b) Bom dign ti. ©) Nhi QH-L 4) Nha QH II. 6.42. Té bao 1é cy cé kha nang quang hop, té bao ré cy khong c6 kha nang vi: a) Khong duge chiéu sang. . PKThiéu lye lap. b) Thiéu nang lugng. 4) Thiéu CO, 6.43, Diém nao sau day vé sy hap thu nang lugng anh séng va quang phosphoryl héa la sai: pte qué trinh tach réi déc lp nhau. ) Hai qua trinh song song tuong ty hai giai doan ho hép, c) Héa thém thau tgo ATP. 4) Pha séng thu nang luyng téng hop ATP. G 6.44. Hé théing quang phosphoryl héa vong gém: peas plastocyanine- plastoquinone - ferrodoxine. 78) Peso - plastocyanine- plastoquinone - ferrodoxine. c) NADP reductase - plastocyanine- plastoquinone - ferrodoxine. d) Peay - plastocyanine- NADP reductase - ferrodoxine. 6.45. He thong quang phosphoryl héa khong vong gém: a) Pio: plastocyanine- plastoquinone - ferrodoxine - NADP reductase ‘byPeso- plastoquinone - plastocyanine- Pio, - ferrodoxine - NADP reductase. ©) Pr - NADP reductase - plastocyanine- plastoquinone - ferrodoxine. d) Peso- plastocyanine- Pro - NADP reductase- ferrodoxine. 646. Chudi chuyén dign ti quang hgp vong nhu sau: 2. P700 kich thich -> plastocyanine -> plastoquinone ~> ferrodoxine. b. P680 -> plastocyanine —> plastoquinone ~> ferrodoxine. °XP700 kich thich -> ferrodoxine-> plastoquinone -> plastocyanine, 4d. P680 -> plastocyanine ~> NADP reductase ~> ferrodoxine. 6.47.Chudi chuyén dign tit quang hgp khong vong abu sau: a) HO --> QH-I---> céc cht trung gian---> QH-II---> NADPH.—-> (QH: quang hé théng) 44,0 i trang ) HzO -~> ede chat trung gian- d) H,O > QH-I--> QH-Il--> cde chat trung gian--->NADPH:—> 6.48, Nhém sinh vat nao sti dung dign ti tir H,S dé quang hp: a) Thye vat b) Vi thug lam, {Vi khudn sulfur luc va néu. @Thye vat Cs 6.49. Nh6m sinh vét nao quang hgp khéng phong thich 0, Vi khuéin sulfur lue va nu. “Thue vat ©) Vi khudn lam, a) Thye vat Cy 6.50. Thye vat nko e6 quang hgp ma e6 dinh CO, téch rai vé khong gian véi chu trinh Calvin : Thue vat C, 4o. Thye vat Cs, ©. Thye vat CAM. 4. Vi khudn sulfur luc va nau. LOIGIAI Als. 2.4. 38. 4.4. 5s 65. 7.8. 8d. 9.4, 10s. 11d. 12.4. 13.8, 14.8 15.3. B.16.c 17.a. 18.c. 19.b. 20.b. C.21.d. 22.c. 23.a. 24.b. 25.b. D. 26.c. 27.a. 28.d. 29.b. 30.a. 31.a. 32.4. E.33.¢ 34.e. 35.c. 36.d. 37.b, F.38.b. 39.e. 40.b. 41a. 42.c. 43.a. G. 44.a, 45.b. 46.c. 47.b. 48.c. 49.a. 50.a. 30 CHUONG VIL. CO $6 PHAN TU CUA TINH DI TRUYEN A. Thit tri nhé: Dwsi day la danh séch cée sy kign quan trong dua dén nhing kién thie hign dai cia ching ta vé ban chat eda gen va te dong cia ching. Hay gén cde nha nghién edu sau day véi cong trinh ela he. a) Feulgen b) Chargatt ©) Griffith a) Hershey va Chase e) Meselson va Stahl Watson va Chrick g) Wilkin va Franklin 7.1. Gid thuyét vé m6 hinh xodin kép DNA, | 2 be 4 7.2, Bién nap ¢ vi Khun, ab aoe fg 7.8. Dung bacteriophage’e6 danh du phong xa gay nhiém vi khudn. a ob e ef & 7.4. Phat minh ra sy kjén bat ky loai DNA ndo s6 lugng A=T va a. ede fg 7.5. Cée nghién cit tén xa tia X eda DNA ab 6 die fo 7.6. Sit dyng DNA duge dinh du N' dé chiing minh sao chép bén bdo tén. ao boa 4 x £8. Hay gin méi mue duéi day vao ede ndi dung bén canh: a, Litn két duimg - phosphate 7.7. Khung eta phan tit DNA. boc de b. Cae purine 7.8. Cac lye gita hai mach polynucleotide. abo & ¢. Cée pirimidine 7.9, Cée base nite e6 mot vong. ab. ae d. Lién két cong héa tri 7.10. C&c base nite cé hai vong. aoe a e e. Lién két hydro 7.11. Adenine ya Guanine. a Ke a ec 7.12. Cytosine va Thynine a mE iét: Chon mOt cau tra loi tt hat. 7,13, Van dé nao sau day kh6ng gép phn x4e nhan quan ni¢m rang DNA la chat di truyén? Sé lugng DNA cia nhin 1a ¢6 dinh trong cée té bao eda bat ky loai nao, nhung chi c6 mot nila trong nhan eda céc giao ti, b) _MBj loai o6 s6 lung bang nhau cia adenine va thynine; guanine va eytonine. ©) 86 lugng DNA ela nhan gap d0i true khi chia té bao. 4) Chi cé DNA cia bacteriophage xm nhép va t€ bao vi khuéin chi méi. 7.14, Acid nucleic 18 mgt chubi ede nucleotide. Cac nucleotide duge tgo nén tir 3 thanh phén, Thanh phan nao trong s6 dé c6 thé téch ra khdi nucleotide ma khong ditt mach? a) Duong b) Phosphate jase nito. 7.15) Trong phan tit acid nucleic phfin ti cérbon nao cia dung desoxyribose gén véi phosphate, véi nhém hydroxyl (OH) va véi base nitrogen ? pcr" v6i base nitrogen, O3' voi OH, C5" vei phosphate b) C3" vei base nitrogen, C1’ vai OH, C5’ v6i phosphate t — c) C5’ vdi base nitrogen, C3’ voi OH; C1’ v6i phosphate. 4) C2' vai base nitrogen, C3’ voi OH, C8" véi phosphate. 31 7.16. Trong phan ti acid a) Cae Carbon 3° va b) Cae Carbon I va 5° Cée Carbon 3 va 5° 4) Cae Carbon 4° va 5? 7.17. Céu trac DNA do Watson va Crick néu lén phy thude vao tat cd ede sy kién sau, trir 2) DNA ¢6 kha nang Wy sao chép chinh xde ‘Trinh ty céc base cia DNA thay déi tif sinh vat nay sang sinh vat khéc. c) DNA chiia base nito, dutng va phosphate. d) Chu ky tia X 1a 3,4nm, 2nm va 0,34nm. €) Quy tae cla Chargaff la A=T va Ge. 7.18. Phan tit DNA me chi chia N° phéng xa due chuyén sang mi tru’ng chi c6 N™. Sau 4 ln sao chépc6 bao nhiéu phan ty DNA cd chia mgt s6 N!? xe bya 06 as 16 cleie cée nguyén tit carbon nao duge ndi béi nhém phosphodiester? dD. 7.19. Gid si théa man di cdc diéu kin dé t€ bao E.coli chia nhanh véi thymine phong xa. Sé cé két qua nhu thé nao néu mét té bao sao chép DNA va chia mét lén khi hign dign base phéng xa? a) Mot té bao con, nhung khéng phai cai kia, sé c6 phéng xa DNA. b) KhOng té bao con nao cé DNA phéng xa. c) Ca 4 loai base cilia DNA déu sé phéng xa. d), Thymine phéng xa sé bit cp véi guanine khong phéng xa. % DNA @ ea hai té bao con du mang dau phéng xa. 7.20. New mét trong nhimg enzyme sau day ving mat, khong e6 nucleotide nao duce gin vao ché ba sao ehép. Enzyme nao trong 88 nay: 2) Polymerase I (cé hoat tinh polymer héa), b) Polymerase I (e6 hoat tinh exonucleose 5'-->3") Polymerase III. ) DNA- ligase. 7.21. Myc nao sau day mo ta ding nh&t sao chép cha DNA? a) Chubi xodn kép bi cét 6 cc lién két phosphate va cdc nucleotide mdi bat cap véi dutng. Cac lién két hydro giifa cdc base bj dit ra va cc nucleotide mdi bat cap véi cdc base bé sung tren ath cd c} Cac lién két hydro gida céc base bj dift ra va cdc base dé duge thay thé bang cdc base mdi, 4) Céc base mdi duge thém vio dau 8! lam cho DNA sao chép theo hu6ng 3'~—-> 5’. e) DNA bi edt bai DNA- polymerase va cdc nucleotide méi duge gan lai nhd ligase. 7.22, RNA déng vai trd g) trong sao chép DNA: “Méi" dé khdi dau téng hgp cée mach mdi, ’} BE noi exe doan ngén Iai c) *M6i" 6 git dé ede doan DNA duge ting hgp hai bén. 4) Ché bém cia DNA- polymerase. E, je din van d@ ndo sau day 1a ding: ( Trong téng hop DNA.lién két cong héa tri tao nén giva nhém S'OH va nhém 5'P. b)Noi chung, enzyme sao chép DNA 6 E.Coli 18 DNA- polymerase I ©) Mot mach don eda DNA c6 thé duge sao chép néu c6 4 loai nucleoside triphosphate va DNA- polymerase 1. 4) Neu DNA-polymerase I dugethém vao hon hep 4 logi nucleoside triphosphate ma khéng cé "DNA méi" DNA duge téng hgp (sao chép) nhung v6i trinh ty base ngdu nhién 32 7.24. Xde dinh viin dé nao sau day 1a sai a) Trong tng hep DNA lién két edn hia tri tao nén gita S-OH va nhom 5°P. bb) Noi chung, enzyme sao chép DNA 6 E.coli la DNA-polymeraselll Se ‘Mot mach don eda DNA c6: thé duge sao chép néu ¢6 4 logi nucleoside triphosphate va DNA-polymerase 1 4) RNA “m6i phai c6 trinh ty bé sung véi vai doa DNA méi khdi sy ting hep DNA dupe 7.25. Dé néi hei doan cla DNA, trinh ty nao sau day vé hoat dong ea céc enzyme dé chap nhgn hon ca? Cho ring ef hai doan déu 4& duge tao ra Polymerase I (5 > 3° exonuclease), polymerase I (polymerase), ligase ) Polymerase I (5' -~> 3° exonuclease), polymerase ITT, ligase. ©) Ribonuclease, polymeraselll, ligase 4) Primase, polymerase I, ligase. 7.26, Enzyme Topoisomerase o6 vai tr: a) Tach mach tao ché ba sao chép DNA. Cat mot mach DNA phia sau chd ba sao chép a8 théo xodn. “e) Sita sa. 4) Lam m@i dé tng hop cae dogn Okazaki. 7.27. Cae doan Okazaki duge néi lai nko: 4) Polymerase I co hoat tinh 5 igase. ‘) Topoisomerase, 4) Primase 7.28. Xée dinh van dé nao sau day 1a sai i ‘DNA- polymerase I tng hgp cde doan Okazaki. b) DNA- polymerase III téng hgp ede dogn Okazaki. a) DNA- polymerase II] tng hap mach truéc va cde doan Okazaki..7 a) DNA- polymerase I téng hgp céc dogn DNA ngain thay thé méi RNA. 7.29.Xée dinh muc mao sau day 1A ding: a) DNA-polymerase I n6i cae doan Okazaki b) DNA-polymerase III téng hgp cée doan Okazaki va ni lai DNA-polymerase III téng hgp mach trude va cée doan Okazaki. @) DNA-polymerase III téng hgp cdc doan DNA ngiin thay thé méi RNA. 3° exonuclease. EB 7.30, Replicon 18 : a) Dim xuft phat sao chép. Dan vi sao chep © Diém cham dt sao chép. d) Khong muc nao ké trén. 7.31. Vai tr) cia helicase trong sao chép DNA: a) Cat mach tao ké hd dé sao chép. pCtaeh hai mach DNA hé ra dé tgo che ba s20 che, c) Cang mach DNA cho thang va trénh chép lai. a) Lam thao xodini phia ‘sau ché ba sao’thép. 7.33. Diém nao sau day khéng tao ra bién déi trén phan tir DNA: a) Gay va ditt mach. b) Base nitric bi cét mat. ¢) Mét nhém amin trén nucleotide ‘pach hai mach DNA hé ra dé tao ché ba sao chép. 7.84. Diém nao sau day khong tao ra bién d6i trén phan ti DNA: a) Bat cap nucleotide sai. ‘b) Base nitric bi ct mat. ¢) Tao dimer thymine poisons cit mot mech DNA phia sau ché ba sao chép dé théo xodn, G. 7.85. Sao chép DNA in vivo chinh xe hon nhiéu 80 véi in vitro, vi a)jin vivo cde nucleotide bét cap chinh xée hon. Sin tivo ¢6 c&e ca ché site sai chinh xéc. ©)’ vitro thiéu enayme DNA-polymerase 2X A) in vitro thigu he thing bao ve DNA, (9) DNA trong t8 bao sing duge bao vé nh eo ché a), Khang nguyén - khéng thé. Bin déi va endonuclease edt han ché. ©) He thong cp edu SOS. 4) Bxonuclease 17.87, Ngoai hoat tinh polymer héa, eae DNA-polymerase edn e6 hogt tinh exonuclease : a) dé Iép ede nucletid bé sung chinh xée hon. 8 sta sai trong sao chép. ) 8 gidm xoiin khi sao chép. @) dé doan méi duge téng hgp khéng bj cée nucleotide khée edt. 7.88. Diém nao sau day la ding: a) DNA-polymerase I hoat tinh polymer héa, exonuclease 5 b) DNA.polymerase III hogt tinh polymer héa, exonuclease DNA-polymerase I: hoat tinh polymer hda, exonuclease 5 2) DNA-polymerase I hoat tinh polymer héa, exonuclease 7.39. C6 khoang bao nhieu enzyme chuyén phat hign va sita ede sai hong trén DNA: a) 10 b)20 230 yh50 7.40. Bign d6i nao trén DNA khong phat hign duge 48 sta sai: a) Adenine bj mét purine -methyl-eytosine mat nhém amine thanh thymine. c) Cytosine mat nhém amin thanh uracine 4) Guanine bj mét pirimidine. LOI GIAT ALLE, 2c. 3. 4b. 5g. Ge B.7.a. 8.9.0. 10.b. 11.b. 12. C.13.a. 1c. 15.a. 16.c. 17.b, D.18.a. 19.e, 20. 21.b, 22.4, BE. 23.a. 24.c, 25.a. 26b. 27.b, 28.2. 29.c. F.30.b. 31b. 320. 33.4. 34.4. G.35.b. 36.b. 37.b. 38.c. 39.4. 406. CHUONG VIII, SINH TONG HGP PROTEIN A, Thit tri nhs: Cac cau hdi 1-15 dé cap dén véin dé sau: chi rd méi mgt edu trie hay ehife ning la duing déi véi: a) ChiDNA b) ChiRNA ec) Ca DNA lan RNA d) Khong DNA dn RNA (Protein) 8.1. Thudng chi mot mach dan a eo 4 3. Chia deoxyribose dE ob ea 8.4. Cudn lai trong chubi xofin kép x boo a4 8.5. Chia thymine S boc @ 86. Chia eytosine 2 Ok 8.7. Cay trie alpha a be OK 8.8. Mang acid amin dén ribosome a DMR oa a 8.9. C6 mat trong ribosome a OM ic a. 8.10. Tham gia vao phién ma ab. @ $i, Thom ga ve eh na toe OS 8 8.12. Cau tric bae bon. ab OS 8.13, Chita uracil a ed eas fe teta 2 ONS ae 8.15, Thyc hign phan ting néi ede acid amin. bo OK B. Thi kién thife va hiéu biét: Chon mot cau tra 18i tot nhat. BANG MA DI TRUYEN (mRNA THONG TIN) Base thit Base thit hai trong codon Base thi ba nhat trong codon trong codon | U (uracil) € A G - - (eytosil)_| (ademine) | (guamine) _| U Phenylalani | Serine | ‘Tyrosine | Cesteine U ne D c s c c Kétthic | Ket thie A Leveine C Kétthie | Tryptophan G Leucine | Proline | Histidine | Arginine U ; G ; c a fs Glutamine | Arginine A : : . 5 G A Tsoleucine | Threenine | Asparagine | Serine U 7 5 A c - : + |_Lysine.] Arginine A Methionine : b c G G Valine | Alanine | Acid Giycine U 7 aspartic c : : : : A c c Acid c G glutamic 8.16, Dién vao khoang trong DNA (mech 1) DNA (mach 2) RNA (tir mach 2) Céc anticodon cia tRNA-- 8.17. Myc nao sau day khéng la sai hong trong chu trinh Phenylalnine a) Bech tang, by, Altonuria, Mat kha nang tng hop Arginine, 4) Tysosinosis. 8.18. Gid thuyét vé méi quan hé gida gen va ce phan tng sinh héa dyge phat biéu lai chinh xéc hon od Ia: 2) 1 gen 1 enayme 541 gen = 1 dai phan 0 sinh hoe oP gen - 1 protein d) 1 gen - 1 polypeptid 8.19. DNA chit khong phai RNA chia: 2) Adenine ‘Thymine o) Ura ) Guanine 2) Cytosine Cée cau hdi 20-26 dé cép dén vin dé sau: M6t mach cia phan ti DNA cé trinh ty base nhu sau: STACCTTCAGCGTS 8.20. Trinh tu cae base 6 mach bé sung eiia DNA nhu thé nao? a) SATGGAAGTCGCAS bys ATGGAAGTCGCAS DKY AUGGAAGUCGCAS @ SAUGGAAGUCGCAS 8.21. Trinh ty cdc base trén mach mRNA duge téng hgp tif mach géc trén nhv thé nao? a) SATGGAAGTCGCAS b) SATGGAAGTCGCAS c) SAUGGAAGUCGCAS YS AUGGAAGUCGCA® 8.22. Ten cia bao quan noi xdy ra téng hop ,RNA? a) Ribosome Ludi noi chat. Nhan té bio d) Khong muc nao ké trén. 8.28, Cé bao nhieu codon khae nhau trén mach nay? a) 3 4 oo) 5 a6 8.24. Cac anticodon 461 véi «RNA duge phién ma tit oan DNA néu trén? a,TAC CTT CAG CGT ouac cuu cac cou AUG GAA GUC GCA @ ATG GAA GTC GCA —- 8.25. Tén_eda bao"quan noi codon va anticodon bat cap véi nhau? ~~ Ribosome. ») Lui ndi chat. c) Té bao chat. 4) Khong mye nao ké tren, 8.26. Sit dung bang mé di truyén va trinh ty cde codon trén mach mRNA xéc dinh trinh ty cla cde acid amin duge ma héa do doan tren a) Methionine-Aci@ glutamic-Valine-Glycine ) Isoleucine-Acid glutamie-Valine-Alanine. ©) Methionine-Acid aspartic-Valine-Alanine. 36 PRrtehionne asia glutamie-Valine-Alanine. 8.27, Néu'mRNA duge phién ma tit mach DNA c6 trinh ty base 3° C ATT A G, thi mRNA c6 trinh ty (dau 9° nam phia ben trai) eyGUAAUC e)TGCCGA eGTuUTC bGTAATC aTUCCUA D. Cée cau héi 28 - 90 lién quan dén mach DNA nhu sau trong té bao vi khudn : 3 ATTTACCATCCCGGGATTS’ 8.28. Sao chép mach bé sung: a)’ TAAATGGTAGGGCCCTAAS, Wis GAAATGGTAGGGCCCTAAS TAAATGGTAGCGGCCCTAAS’ a3 TAAAUGGTAGGGCCCTAAS' 8.29, Néu mach du tién 18 mach ma héa, thi mRNA phién ma tir mach trén 1&: a) TAAATGGTAGGGCCCTAAS b)3 UAAAUGGUAGGGCCCUAAS’ og TAAATGGTAGGGCCCTAAS _ UAAAUGGUAGGGCCCUAAS (30) Sif dung bang ma di truyén neu tren, dich ma ella mRNA va cho trinh w chinh xée ba eée acid ‘iin duge ma hoa 6 mach trén, (Cho quén, rang su dich ma bat Adu tt codon aut phat (start codon)) ‘Methionine - Valine - Glycine - Proline ») Khong ¢6 acid amin nao ) Tryptophan 4) Methionine - Valine - Glycine - Proline - Asparagine Cae cau hdi tir 31 - 33 Lin quan dén mét doan gen cé trinh ty base mhu sau: sACGTGCCCGGATS 8.31. Polypeptid dye ma héa do gen nay sé c6 bao nhiéu acid amin ? a) be 4 a 12 ©) 36 8.92, Codon thy 2 tren mRNA due tao nén tir doan gen trén sé la: aTAC ATG euGC ACG aCAc 8.39. Afticadon eda tRNA eta codon ddu titn Ta: arcG ATG UGC cg acac Cée cau hdi 34 - 97 lién quan dén tinh budng sau: Sau day la trinh ty ngfn cia mRNA, sit dung trinh ty nay va bang ma Ibi 4 cau hoi sau: 5 AUGCCCUACUACS'' 8.34. Trinh ty mach khuén DNA cia gen ma héa cho mRNA thong tin sé Ja (gid sti du 8! nm ben trai cfu) a) AUGCCCAACUAC DS TACGGGATGATG c) UTGCCCUUCTAC @ UACGGGUUGAUG ; ©) ATGCCCTACTAC 8.95. Anticodon ¢ RNA, gén vio codon thi nhét 18 Mone AUG ©) ATG by TAC a GUA 8.36. Protein duge ma h6a bdi RNAg trén s@ o6 bao nhiéw acid amin, a1 3 es as 02 i truyén 6 trén tra 8.87. Acid amin thit hai cda mach polypeptid s@ 1a: a) lysine ©) glycine ©) phenylalanine proline @) acid aspartic 37 3.88. 1RNA hoat dong a) Mang RNA tir ribosome t6i mRNA b) Gan RNA vao cae ribosome. ¢) Gan eée protein tao nén ribosome d) Mang mRNA tir nhn d@n t€ bao chat oilers cde acid amin dén vj trf chinh xée tren mRNA 8.39. tRNA van chuyé ciia valine c6 anticodon la CAU. BO ba base nao sau day tren DNA khuon ma ha cho acid amin 46? wTCG cua Car » EUG dace Fr 8.40. Can ed theo cée quan diém hién nay vé ma di truyén cia DNA, céu nao la fa) a) Codon dai 3 nucleotide ‘Mi bo ba ma héa cho vai acid amin ©) Ma du thita (tde e6 déng nghia , nhigu b9 ba cho 1 acid amin) 4) Ma duge doe theo thit ty déu dan bat ddu ti déu 5° ¢) Ma khong tring Jp (cdi nay khéng chéng lén cdi kia) 8.41. Cau nao sau day 14 sai? a) Hach nhan (nucleolus) la ving chuyen bigt ca nhiém sic thé nai rRNA duge téng hgp. b),O ede dot bign thay thé base chi cé mot nucleotide ciia gen bj bién déi UdkCae mRNA duce téng hop ¢ ribosome ti ede nucleotide do tRNA mang dén. ) Mot 86 acid amin dupe chuyén biét bai mot s6 codon “déng nghia” 8.42, Mac dir gen ma héa cho tat ed cée tinh chat cia ediu true protein, né chi ma héa trye tiép cho: def Céiu trie bée 1 (sa ed’p) ¢) Ci trite bac 3 ) Céu trie bée 2 @) Cu trae bae 4 8.43. Khi protein duge téng hgp, ede phan ti tRNA thuting xuyén duge gidi phéng khéi diém gén acid amin vao. Céc phan ti tRNA sau d6 s® nhu thé nao? ) Ching quay vio nhan va gn véi DNA. b) Chiing duge siz dung dé ma h6a cho téng hop protein ©) Chang trye tiép gén vao mRNA khée (Ching gan acid amin khéc cing loai ma ching mang truée day ©) Ching gén acid amin logi khéc, dc bigt 1a ede acid amin duge ma h6a béi codon ké tiép 8.44, Phan ti DNA mach kép véi trinh ty’ nhuf sau, nim trong hé théng phién ma - djch ma invivo, tao ra chubi polypeptide e6 chiéu dai 5 acid amin. Mgch nao cia DNA due phién ma? (mach Watson hay mach Crick) Hung phién ma theo chiéu nao? Watson TAC ATG ATG ATT TCA CGG AAT TTC TAG CAT GTA Crick ATG TAC TAG TAA AGT GCC TTA AAG ATC GTA CAT a) Mach Watson duge doc tis trai sang phai Ye Mach Watson duge doe tit phai sang trai. ©) Mach Crick duge doe ti trai sang phai @) Mach Crick duge doc ty phai sang trai _____e) Khong cé mach nao (xée dinh dé lam i?) Ggi ¥: Se nhanh hon-néu“dinh duge codon xust phét-methionine (AUG) va codon chém dit.(stop codon) trong cée bd ba trén DNA. Biét rang c6 5 acid amin, khong edn néi rd chung ten gi. (xem bang ma di truyén). 8.45. Intron la a) Trinh ty RNA la duge gin vao mRNA binh thudng eda protein. inh wy RNA duge cét ra khdi bin phién ma truge khi dich ma. ©) Trinh ty DNA duge su dung dé gén plasmid véi DNA la. 4) Trinh ty DNA ma héa cho sn phdm protein eda gen. e) Trinh ty DNA khéng duge phién ma. 8.48. Bxon la 3.47. 3.48. 8.50. 3.55. 3.56. 387 8.59. Gaiam ty RNA la duge gin vio mRNA binh thuting cia protein, “by Trinh ty RNA duge cat ra khéi ban phién ma truée khi dich ma. c) Trinh tu DNA duge sit dyng dé gn plasmid voi DNA Ja. ‘Trinh ty DNA ma héa cho sin phim protein cia gen. ‘Trinh ty DNA khong duge phién ma. Chap 7-Guanosine-PPP €6 6 loai RNA nao? mRNA cia Eukaryota 3) mRNA cia Prokaryota ¢) Ribozyme d) mRNA cia Eukaryota va Prokaryota. udi poly-A e6 6 loai RNA nao? a) Ribozyme OdGMRNA cia Eukaryota b) mRNA cia Prokaryota. d) MRNA cia Eukaryota va Prokaryota. Splicing la qué trin duge thye hien trong phiéri ma: a) ede t bao dong vat va thye vat. Eukaryota, b) Prokaryota. 4) Vi khudn. Ribozyme la a) Cée enzym ndi ede acid amin. b) Cac enzym gn cae don vi ribosome cho dich ma. ©), Cée enzym.gitp mRNA gin vao ribosome dé Cae RNA c6 kha nang xe tée. € bao Prokaryota ¢6 ribosome thude logi : a) 80S. 708 ©) 608. @) 408. Bon vj lén cia ribosgfne Prokaryota la ; a) don vi 308. ) don vj 40S * ©) Xf dan vi 508d) a) don vj 60S on vj nhé cia ribosome Eukaryota 18 5 a) dn vi 30S Xa) don vi 40S ca) don vi 50S —_d))_ dom vi 60S Ban vi nao cia ribosome chia khodng 45 phan tit protein va 3rRNA: a) don vi30S —b)a) don vj 408) a) don vj.50S >a) a) don vj 60S Logi RNA nao chiém ti 1é cao nbét trong téng RNA cia té bao: SO rRNA b) mRNA. ) RNA @) nhy nhau L Piém nao khéng thuge dc tinh cia tRNA: a) Nhiéu doan mach kép. b) Anticodon: Chung cho tat ed acid amin, @) Dau COA. 40 0 tRNA gan véi acid amin nhg enzyme: a) Peptidyl transferase. DédAamynoacyl tRNA synthetase. ©) ATP-synthetase, 4) Khong ¢6 cai nao ké trén mRNA cia Bukaryote e6 trinh ty nucleotide: ~ a) vita dicho ina héa phan ti"protein b) ngoai phén ma h6a protein ¢6 thém dau 5° khong ma héa. c),ngoai phn ma héa protein e6 them dudi 3° khong ma héa. cd b vac Dich ma cé su tham gia cia: 'é 3 logi RNA. b) tRNA va mRNA. ©) tRNA va rRNA. d) mRNA va rRNA. 39 8.60. Dich ma khéi sy khi: a) mRNA gn vao don vj nhs. b) mRNA gan vao dan vj Ién, mRNA gin vao dun vi nhé, réi dan vj Ion rép vao. d) MRNA gan vao don vi 16n, r6i gin vao den vi nhd. K. 3.61. Diém nao khong dung véi t(RNA-methionine khéi su téng hgp protein & E.Coli: (Giéng vi tRNA é gida phan ut protein 'b) Bat cap véi codon xuat phat AUG. ¢) Géin vai diém -P 6 ribosome \, @) Khge véi tRNA @ gita phan td prot 8.62. acid amin thi hai tré di, tRNA mang acid amin vao vi trf nao? ei Dim -P r6i chuyén sang diém -A. b) Diém -P. >Diém -A r6i chuyén sang idm -P. d) Diém bat ky ding theo codon. 8.63. Acid amin néi véi acid amin nha enzyme a) ATP-synthetase ) Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Peptidyl transferase. d) Khong cé cai nao ké trén. 8.64. Mach polypeptid duge két thic khi gap ede codon: a) AUG, UAG, UGA b)UAA, UAG, UGG. WUAA, UAG, UGA. d) UAA, UGA, UGG. M. 8.65. Dot bin khuyét duéng (auxotroph) la: a) Dot bién lam mat doan nucleotide. b) Thay thé A bang G. cy,Thay thé C bing 7. ote kha nang ting hop mot hoae mot sé chalt 8.66. Dot bién nhdm nghia ( missense) lam 2), dling vige tng hop mach polypeptid 6 diém dot bién. thay thé acid amin nay bing acid amin khée. ¢) thay déi base, nhung khéng lam thay déi kiéu hinh hoang dai. d) mat doan nucleotid, 8.67. Dot bién im lang la dot bién lam: ‘Thay déi base, nhung khong lam thay adi kiéu hinh hoang dai. b)'Thay thé acid amin nay bang acid amin khée. ©) Codon ma hoa acid amin thanh codon Ket thoe a) Ditng vige téng hgp mach polypeptid 6 diém dot 8.68. Bot bién vo nghia la dot bién: a)-Thay déi base,-nhung khong lam thay déi kiéu hinh hoang dai. a“ ~ b), Thay thé acid amin nay bang acid amin khac. Codon ma hda acid amin than codon két thie. 4) Mat doan nucleotide 8.69. Gidi thich vi sao m6t so thay déi cap base trong DNA khéng tao ra cdc protein véi they thé acid amin? ) Bign déi khong anh huéng dén edu tric cha phan ti protein. \b) Thutng vai codon twong dng véi mot acid amin Boise 6i khong xay ra d ving e6 hoat tinh quan trong, 4) Bign 46i khong lam thay déi dién tich cba protein. 40 8.70. Gi sit gen o6 trinh ty nucleotide cia DNA duge inh s6 nu sau: 125466789 10 11 12 13 14 15 cTGGCATGCTT.CGGA (Trén thye té khong ¢6 gen nao ngéin nhu vay) Cai nao trong s6 cde dot bién sau day gay bién déi én nhét trong hoat tinh cia protein do igen tren ma héa? a) Thay thé A bang G 4 vj tri 3. Sed Mat co vi rts YMat Ad vi tri 16. @) Them G é vi tri gita 14 va 15. LOI GIAL Aclb. 20, 3a. 4a, 5a. 6e.7.d. 8b. Ob. 10.0. 1b. 124. 18b. 14d. 15.4. B.i7c 18b. 19.¢ C.20.b. 21.4. 22¢. 23.b. 24.b. 25.0, 26d. D. 280. 29.4. 30a Ble, 32b. 33b. E,34b. 35.2. 36¢, 37-b. 38. 39. F.40.b. 41e. 42.0, 48.4." 44. Watson.b. G.45b. 46.4. 47.2, 48.0. 49.c. 50.4, HL 51b. 52b. 53d. 54.4. 55.2. 1. 56.c. 57.b. 58.d. 59.a. 60. K.6la. 62c, 63c. 64.0. M.65.d. 66.b, 67.0. 68.c. 69.b. 70.b. 41 CHUONG IX. DI TRUYEN HQC VI RUS, VIKHUAN VA KY THUAT TAI TO HOP DNA A. Xée dinh ngi dung cée eau sau diing sai: 9.1. Virus e6 ede bp gen rét da dang. 2) 9.2. Capsid la mang bao ngoai cing cla virus, o6 nhieu gai 9.3, Cée virus cia vi khudn goi IA bacteriophage. 2) _ 9.4. Cée virus e6 thé sding va sinh san ngoai té bao, 9.5. Trong chu tring tan DNA ea phage gén vio b gen eta vi khudn. 9.6. Céu tao cia viroid thye vat gém 1 phan ti RNA nhé va vai phan ti protein. 5 9.1. Cae virus sao chép DNA vi RNA theo 3 con duéng khée nhau. P@ DNA oy 8 °* 7 9.8. Céc qué trinh sinh san hu tinh khong dién hinh 6 vi khudn duge goi 1A cn hau tinh. 7° 9.9. Tai nap la hign tugng truyén thong tin nha DNA. § 9.10. Trong bién nap té bao cd kha nang nhén bit ky loai DNA nao. © . 2.21. Khi sinh sn trong tf bio vi Khu, v6 protein i phage 6 thé rép nhm DNA vi kh. + 9.12, Nhan 8 F° 1a mot logi plasmid. Py. , é 9.13., Transposon la doan gen di dong-f} en “9.14. Chie nang sinh hoe cia restriction endonuclease 1a bdo vé chéng sy xm nh4p cda DNA le. 9.15. Cé thé sinh ténh hop gen tmRNA pl, re Chon cu tra Idi duing nhit trong s6 nhiéu cau gi ¥ : i B. 9.16. Virys c6 thanh phan eu tgo can bin gém sid va rupt acid nucleic Rin 'b) Mang bao va rugt acid nucleic. cap pf ¢) Vé sid, mang bao va rut RNA. d) V6 sid va rust DNA. 9.17. Capsid la a) Vé bao virus duge tao nén tir mang té bao chi. b) Mang bao ngoai cing cua virus. €) Glycoprotein bé mat eta virus (V6 protein bao bé gen virus. 9.18. Mang bao c6 thanh phan + a) protein dX Phospholipid, protein va glycoprotein. ©) protein va glycoprotein. d) glycoprotein, 9.19. Capsid cua bacteriophage c6 cau trae gim dau da dién. ‘UY dau da dien va bao dudi ©) dau da dign va soi ge d) dau da dién 9.20. Biém nao khong thuge dae tinh eda virus: a) Ky sinh ndi bao bat bude. b) Tao ra hang tram virion mbi thé hé. 59{C6 thé sinh san ngoai bao néu gap moi tribng hich hop. 5 “a) Cach sinh sin khée phan bao cila vi khudn. 9.21. Cée virus sao chép acid nucleic cla chang nha: a) Cae enzyme do ching ty téng hgp. spy Cée enzyme cia té bao chi. c) Cae enzyme ngoai bao. d) Cac enzyme restriction endonuclease. c. 9.22, Diém nao sau day ding véi chu trinh tan cia bacteriophage: a) DNA cia phage gén voi DNA Gia U8 bao cha. b) Sau mbi vong sao chép, DNA con-duge bao ngay bing capsid. el Enzyme déu tién duge tgo ra cét DNA ea té bao chi 4) DNA té bao chi sao chép binh thing. biém nao sau day ding véi chu trinh tiém tan ea bacteriophage = a) enzym dau tién duge tgo ra cét DNA cba t8 bao chi. b) Sao chép DNA nha céc enzym do ching ty téng hyp « ©) Sau m®i vong sao chép, DNA con duge bao ngay bang sid. say DNA ciia phage gan vao DNA cia té bao chu. 9.24, Chu trinh sao chép clia paramixovirus duge thye hign @: “pxLe bao chat cia t6 bao chs ‘by Nhan té bao chi ©) Via 6 t& bao chat va cd d nhan eb té bao chi. 4d) Ngoai té bao, 6.25, Twong ete tranh c& ddng chong béah AIDS, virus HIV duge m6 ta ging trai chom chom. Diém nao sau day 1a ding hon ca: a) Bé chi la hinh tugng'dé chi sy nguy hiém eda HIV. ‘cDuing hinh tong.edu trde cba HIV, nhung cée gai duge vé nhon a chi nguy hiém. } Virus HIV hinh tron, vé thém gai nhon chi nguy hiém, @) Virus HIV eé hinh khong tron, nhung bao nhung bao ngoai ¢6 gai. 9.26, Diém nao sau day ding véi Retrovirus va HIV: a) Bo gen DNA mach don va DNA- polymerase. “po gen RNA mach don vi cavers transsriptane 5% @) BG gen RNA mach don va DNA- polymerase. ve 4) BO gen DNA mach don va reverse transcriptase . 9.27. Sao chép bo gen cia Retrovirus theo eo ché : ‘a) RNA mach don -> RNA mach kép -> RNA mach don. b) RNA mach don -> RNA mach kép -> DNA mach kep. ‘YLRNA mach don -> RNA-CDNA Ini -> DNA mach kép 4) RNA mach don -> DNA mach kép -> DNA mach kép, D. 9.28, Diém nao khéng la dae diém cia di truyén vi khudn = a) BO gen la DNA trén. pK Hop tir toan phan. ©) Mot nhom lien két gen. 4) Truyén thong tin mot chiéu 9.29. Bién nap duge thye hién véi nhing diéu kien: ‘) Té bao nhén co kha nang dung nap. b) DNA cia thé cho mach kep. ¢) Mang té bao nhan méng dé cho DNA ngém vao. pla var. abvae 9.30. Cap nao sau day cho hiu qua bién nap ? a) DNA mach don va té bao R khong o6 kha nang dung nap yh DNA mach kép va té bao R cé kha nang dung nap 4)” DNA mach don va té bao R eé kha nang dung nap d) DNA mach kép va té bao R khong 6 kha nang dung nap 9.31. Tai nap la a) Phage xm nhgp vi khudn b) Phage A mang gen cla phage B dua vao vi khudn Phage mang gen cia vi khuén A dua vao vi khudn B e @) Vi khugn A chuyén gen vao vi khudn B £82, Sau khi phage xm nhép vi khuén , sv kin nao e6 ¥ nghia quan trong nhét trong tai nap? 2) Phage edt DNA cia vi khuéin va sao chép phage ting hgp v6 sid b) Phage tng hep vi eapsid HI - 26 vo protein cia capsid lap nham DNA eda vi khudn @) 'Vé protein cia capsid Idp DNA cia phage E. 9.88. TE bao vi khudn B, coli nao duge goila Hite? A @) Khong e6 plasmid. b) 06 plasmid & dang ty do. 6 plasmid duge géin vao b6 gen ciia té bao chi, @) 5 mang DNA cia phage 9.34. Té bao vi khudn cia E.Coli nao duge goila Fe? khong ¢6 plasmid, ¢6 plasmid 6 dang ty do. ©) 06 plasmid duye gan vao bo gen cila té bao chil. 4) c6 mang DNA cia phage. 9.35. TS bao vi khudn cua E.Coli nao duge goi la F*? a), khong e6 plasmid 6 plasmid 4 dang tu do: ?) 6 plasmid duve gn vao bd gen cia té bao chi. d) 6 mang DNA cia phage. 9.36. Vi sao té bao Hi lai v6i tdn s6' cao? a) Té bao Hfr cé mang méng. fr ¢6 plasmid gin sin vao bd gen eda t# bao chi, hi tigp hop chuyén gen ngay ‘c) Té bao F 6 xu hugng bat c4p nhiéu hon véi Hfr. 4) Té bao Hfr 06 ede gen phy hé tyrg cho lai. 9.37. Diém nao sau day khong 1a dac diém cia tai té hgp 6 vi khudn ? a) Truyén théng tin mot chiéu ti thé cho sang thé nhan PL Trao déi cae doan vat chat di truyén tuong dng bang nhau ‘c) Tai t6 hgp gitta cde phan ti chét di truyén 4) Sy bat cap cae chat di truyén ( DNA ) chi co 6.1 doan ngén. FC 9.88. Cap nao sau day khong ding voi ky thudt tai té hop DNA? a) Enzym Restriction endonuclease - cée doan RFLP TB.DNA ligase - enzym cét DNA tao cae dau “ed két ©) DNA polymerase - ding trong khuéch dai DNA @ Reserve transcriptase - tgo.c - DNA tit mRNA 9.89. Cap nao sau day ding véi ky thugt tai t6 hyp DNA? 8) DNA ligase - tgo € - DNA. feserve transcriptase - tgo cde doan RFLP. ©) Plasmid- vector chuyén gen. 4) Bién nap- tao DNA tai té hgp. 9.40. Trong e4é trinh ty mach kép cia DNA, diém cat nao.ctia- Eco RI. a * a. AAGG b, AGTC e. GGCC DX ASIT TTC TCAG ccGc, TTAA 9.41. Cap nao sau day lién quan dén cdt DNA? a) Reserve transcriptase- c-DNA tii mRNA. striction endonuclease - ede dogn RFLP. “c) DNA ligase - néi DNA. d) Phage lamda - vector chuyén gen. 9.42. Cap nao sau day lién quan dén thu nhan gen DNA? gg Reserve transcriptase - e-DNA tic mRNA 43 b. Restriction endonuclease - efe dogn RFLP c. DNA ligase - n63 DNA 4. Phage lamda - vector chuyén gen. 9.43. Trong ky thuét tai té hop DNA, vector chuyén gen 14 4. enaym edt DNA thanh ede doan ngén b. cdc “ddu mat cd két" eda doan DNA’ plasmid hay phage dude dung dé dua gen vao t€ bao sng ‘mau DNA ding dé xdc dinh mOt gen nao 46 9.44. YAC 1a gi? Mo eed ext hic Chwid fa. Vector plasmid Bric bo Nhiém sic thé nhan tao é nam men. . ¢. Vector la phage. AC 4. Bnaym chuyén bigt j a 9.45. Mue nao sau day khong thude vé phuong php thu nhan gen : a. Tong hgp bang phuang phép héa hee. b, Trich DNA tir bd gen va c&t nhé. pA Lai DNA, . @. Sinh ting hop gen tit mRNA. 9.46. Khudn dé tgo ra c-DNA 1a a. DNA mRNA c. Plasmid d. mau thi DNA 9.47. Muc nao sau da khong thude vé dng dung cba ky thu&t tai t6 hgp DNA? a, Xée dinh trinh tif ede nucleotid cia gen. b. Ding vi sinh vat san xudt protein cla ngudi. ~ c. Phuong phap chén dodn méi bing lai acid nucleic. y/ Gay dot bién bang tia tit ngoai, 9.48, Diémn nao cho théy ky thuat di truyén vugt gidi han tién héa trong chon gidng: a) Chan doan bang lai acid nucleic. b) Liéu phap gen. (Cay thude 14 mang gen dom dim {) Xée dinh trinh ty nucleotide cua gen. 9.49. Nho ky thugt di truyén DNA tré nén dé ngién dtu vi: wee thé nhan duge nhiéu ban sao ciia gen. 16 thé cdt gen dé dang hon. c) Co thé ndi gen dé dang hon. a) Sao chép gen tot. 9.50, Phuong phap chia bénh di truyén 1 a. Dua gen dé khang bénh vao ng. Ligu phap gen. gen thas] ‘c. Vaccine DNA. cv us d. YAC. . LOI GIAL A. 1d 2s. 3d. 4s, 6s. 68. 74. 84. 95, 105. 114, 124. 19.4. 14.4. 15.4. B.162. 17.2, 18b. 19.a. 200. 2b ©.220. 23d, 24.2. 25.b. 26.b. 27.0. D. 28. 29.4. 30.b. Ble. 32¢, E330. 34.0, 35. 36.b. 370. F.38b, 39.¢. 40d. 41.b. 42.0. 43¢, 44.b G. 45.0. 46b. 47.4. 48c. 49.0. 50, 45 CHUONG X. DIBU HOA SY BIEU HIBN CUA GEN VA SU BIRT HOA TE BAO A. Xe dinh noi dung cde cau sau ding sai, néu sai thi siva: 10.1. Diéu hda biéu hign gen khéc nhau nhiéu giva Prokaryota va Eukaryota. 10.2. Diéu hda thch nghi do céc bién dé khong thuan nghich. £ 10.8. C&c enzym duge téng hgp déu duge goi la cam sinaS/ ce be 10.4, Cae gen ca edu phién ma lien tue. 10.5. G Operon lactose, chat cdm ting gén v6i Operator 48 hoat héa Operon! 4 4 10.6. Doan Operator c6 thé kiém sodt 1 day gen eu tric. 4 ~ + 10.7. Operon tryptophan c6 5 gen edi tre. ‘ 10.8. Chat déng kim ham gin vao Operator lam bét hoat Operon. 10.9. Ving phinh eda nhiém séc thé la chd tng hgp nhiéu mRNA. -f? 10.10. Cae ché phinh khong di chuyén doc theo nhiém sc thé. S B, Cau 11 - 15 duge tra Idi bang 1 trong cée ggi ¥ chung sau: a. Cam ting béi eg chat. b. Déng kim ham béi sn phém cu6i, ©. repressor e6 hogt tinh, d. repressor mat hoat tink 10.11. Trong he théng cam tng ca chit. cdi nao duge gen diéu hda ting hop: ab. x d 10.12. Kiéu ea ché felém soat theo mo hinh operon lactose cia Jacob-Monod: bow @ 10.13. Kim hgm ving operator : a Kou a 10.14) Két Rgp vai chat déng kim ham lam dimg phién ma : ab 8 ae 10.15. RNA polymerase thyfe hién duge phién ma khi ab ¢ onde tra loi ding nhat trong 86 nhiéu cau ggi ¥ c 10.16. G vi khuén, ede gen edu tric duge phién ma khi : a, Thiéu chat c&m ting. 3X Protein kim hm bat hoat. ‘c. Promotor bat hoat. a, Operator bj ding. 10.17. 6 vi khuéin cav gen edu tric duge déng khi: a) Promotor bét host. {Cveraor bi dong peiohl ¢) Protein kim ham bat hoat. d)avab. 10.18. 6 he thong cam ing, trang théi nao thi mRNA duse tgo ra: ) Chat kim ham khong duge tao ra. a b) Chat kim ham gén voi RNA-polymerase. ©) Chat kim ham gén véi Operator. Mi Chat kom ham e6 hoat tinh gin véi chat edm ung, (10.19. \She thong edm amg, mRNA duge tao ra dén khi nao thi ding (7a. Chait kim ham khong duge tgo ra Da) Chat cdm ing da het. c., Chat kim ham gén voi Operator. )& Chait kim ham ¢6 hoat tinh gén véi chat cém tng. 46 10.20. Khi lactose x4m nhap té bao E.coli thi : J Lactose kin wi protein kim him, “b> Chat kim ham gén vdi Regulator. ©. Lactose gin voi Regulator. d. Chat kim ham gan vai RNA polymerase. 10.21. Khi laevose khéng xm nhap té bao E.coli thi a, Lactose gén véi protein kim ham. _B. Chat kim ham gén voi Operator. ©) Chit kim ham gén véi RNA polymerase. d. Chat kim ham gan véi Promoter. D. 10.22, Gen diu hoa (Regulator) ‘a. mé hoa cae chat cam ting. b, ma héa protein cdm tng. “1a khéa déng mé ede gen cdu tric. d. khong cho chat cm tmg xam nhap vao té bao. 10.23, Céinao khéng m& héa cho protein: a) Cac gen cau tric. . b) Cée gen diéuhda. - & ‘ ) mRNA, Doan Operator. 10.24. Trong hé théng Operon, gen nao khong phién ma: ‘y{Gen Operator. ‘b) Cae gen diéu hoa. ¢) mRNA. 4) Cée gen edfu trée. 10.25. Chat cm ung c6 kha nang la : a. chat gain vdi operator dé hoat héa. b. chat gin véi cde gen ef trie dé hogt héa. chét gan v6i repressor (chét kim ham) dé lam bait hoat. d> chat gan vai doan promoter dé hoat héa. 10.26, Trong hé théng Operon lactose, RNA polymerase = a, gin véi operator dé phién ma.” gan voi promoter khi repressor bat hoat. ‘c. gdn vai promoter khi lactose hoat ha regulator. d. gan vdi cdc gen cau tric. - BE. 10.27, Néng d0 ca cée enaym nao sau day khong chiu sy kiém soat ca Operon : a. Enzym cdm tng. b, Enzym de ché < Enaym teu hoa ‘a> Enzym eg edi. 10.28. Enzyme nao sau day duye téng hgp voi tée do Khong d6i: a) Enzyme de ché - ‘WiEnzyme co edu. ©) Enzyme tieu héa. 4) Enzyme cdm tng 10.28, Trong hé thong Operon lactose cia E.Coli, repressor lt a) San phdm cla gen edu trie b) Lactose. «Protein. 4) Chait bam vao promoter. 7 10.50. Se say ra diéu gi khi t€ bao Ecoli_ khong eb dutng lactose x Protein regulatar gin vei operator. “b.* Protein regulator gén véi promoter. ©. Protein regulator bi béit hoat 4. Protein regulator gin véi RNA polymerase. 10.81, Trong hé théing Operon, ving nao khbng bao git phién ma: . a) Regulatose, Promoter ©) Gen edu trie 1 4) Gen edu trie II F 10.82, 6 t bao E.coli, tryptophan sau khi duge téng hgp du thifa né sé thanh chat gi? a. Chat kim ham. b. Chat kim ham RNA polymerase. ©, Chat kim ham ede gen edu trie. Sa Chait déng kim ham. 10.83..0 t bao E.coli, tryptophan sau khi duge tng hgp du thira né s0: 2., gén v6i RNA polymerase lam ngimg phién ma. Me v6i chat kim hm lam hoat héa. ¢. lam nging téng hgp protein kim ham, 4. gan v6i operator. 10.84. Mue nao sau day ding cho Operon lactose a, Dong lai khi o6 ca chat. ‘KMé ra khi cd ea chat. ‘e. Déng lai khi chat cén tng hop du thu. 4. Lie nao cing mé. 10.85. Myc nao sau day dang cho Operon Tryptophan: a. Déng Iai khi 6 ca chat. b, MG ra khi c6 ca cha. Ye Dong lai khi chét cn téng hop du thia 4. Lite nao cing mé. 10.86. Khi t€ bio E.Coli ¢6 Tryptophan du this, diém nao sau day 1a sail a, Néng do chat déng kim ham (corepressor) tang cao trong té bao. b. Su phién ma ede gen edu true cia tryptophan gidm, ¢. Chat kim hm (repressor) bat host. 2k Chat kim ham mat hoat tinh duge téng hop vite dd khong déi G. ; Diem nao sau day la sgi khi noi vé cdc he théng enzym cdm ting hay kim ham : & Cac enzym kim hain thutng duge diéu hoa bai sin phdm cubi, cdn ede enaym cdm ing duge diéu hda bai lugng eo chat, ». Cée enzym kim ham thubng di duge hogt héa béi_ ca chat. Se Cée enzym kim ham thubng.duge diéu hoaeb diy hda kiém soat duong tinh, 4. Cae enzym kim ham doi hdi chat déng kim ham dé de chi enzym cdm ung khong cén chat déng kim ham, 10.38, Cée chiing eit nao cho thay ede t# bao bigt héa chia thong tin di truyén nhw nhau: a, $6 lugng nhiém se thé nhu nhau é cée loai té bao khée nhau cia ef thé. b. Tilt A+G/ T+C nhu nhau 6 eéc loai té bao khée nhau eva cé thé. ©. $6 lung DNA nhu nhau ¢ cde logi té bao khac nhau eda cd thé. LTAE cd ede myc Ké trén. 89. Cae chang eu nao cho thay ede té bao bigt héa chi st dyng mot phdn thong tin di truyén 10.87, luge kim ham béi sin phém eubi, cdn ede enzym eam dng di kiém sodt Am, cdn che enzym' cam ing aitge 16 phién ma cia gen, cdn ede 10. 4s au Lai mRNA gia hai log té bao bet hoa khong thay 6 can tranh 2 loa t6 bao Dit hoa thong e6 ede protein va mRNA ke aha c. Chia té bao khong déng théi. Agia va b. ‘eb vac. (00.40) Cae ché phinh trén nhiém sac thé khéng 16 la: auras ht ih pin 8 co ang e6 hoat tinh Sao ehép DNA exo. ‘ung c6 hoat tinh dich ma cao. 1 c6 hoat tinh téng hgp tRNA cao. 10.41. Myc nao ding nhat cho cae ché phinh trén nhiém sac thé khéng 16: a. tRNA duge ting hop nbiéu, ¢ b. rRNA duge téng hop nhiéu. Protein duge tng hop nbidu RNA duge téng hgp nhiéu. H 10.42, (C6 thé ede ché phinh trén trén nhiém sée thé khéng 16 1a biéu hign cia : a, Ce gen bj kim ham. “bg Cae gen o6 hot tinh manh, Cée diém sao chép DNA manh, d, Cie digm téng hgp nhiéu acid amin. 10.43. Nhiém sde thé kh6ng 16 eda rubi dim ¢6 mot s6 chd phinh thudng xuyén, 46 la : SaC Ving ede gen hoat d6ng rét manh. b> Vang sao chép DNA manb. ¢, Ving ede gen di6u hoa e6 biéu hign a. Vang enzym restriction hogt dng manh. 10.44. Co che’ diéu hda nao 1A ngubn gée can ban cde sai khée gida nhing té bao biét héa: a. Diéu hoa noi vigp. », Biéu hoa sau phién ma, +x Diéu hoa phién ma. 4. Digu hoa dich ma 10.45. Hormone eedyson 6 tac dung : a. Teo ede ché phinh som, b. Teo ede ehd phinh mun. Sa Tao ede ché phinh sém va mugn. “d. Kim ham vige tao cde ché phinh. 10.46) Chat nao sau day e6 tée dung diéu hoa ngay trén nhiém séc thé cda Eukaryota: a, Histon, vab. . Protein acid, ebvac, c. Ribozym. LOI GIAL Ald 2s. 9s. 44, 58, 64. 74. 8s. 94, 108 Ble. 12a, 13D vac. 1b. 15.4. ©.16b. 17. 18.4. 19.4. 20.0, 21b. D. 220. 23.4. 2.0. 26.0. 26. E.27c. 2b. 29.c. 90a, 91.b F. 32d. 336. 34b. 35.0. 36.4 G.37c. 984. 99d, 40.0, 41.4. H42b. 43a 44.0. 45.0. 464. 49 CHUONG x1. NHIEM SAC THE VA SU PHAN BAO 6 EUKARYOTAE A * Cam cafe sx kign néu duit day xem ching xdy ra 6 ky ndo ola phin bao nguyen abiém: a. KY sau (anaphase) b. Gian kj (interphase) ©. KY gta (metaphase) —d, Ky trude (prophase) ©. KY cudi (telophase) DE td It e6 thé si dung mot hay abigu hon hod khong e6 myc no (gh ee chi a, hodeb,c,.vRo cub cu hoi e6 UA. Cfe sti eda thoi v6 se xu hig. abe Me 11.2. Cie nhiém sbe thé di chuy€n vé cc eve CL (be de 11.3. C&e tam dong phéa chia ¢ a bw de 11.4, Trung thé di chuyéa vé cae eve ol ab ee 11.5. Cie nim sfe thé dat d€n cdc eye abcd & 11.6. Cée giai doan G,. §, Gs xy ra. , ate de 411.7. Mang nhan va hach aban (nucleolus) bién mit) 4, abc He JLB. Su sao chép cia ahiém sic thé xdy rab a Wc de + Hay chi rd cdc si kién m6 td 8 dudi dy rad 4. Nguyen phan, ». Gidm nhigm I (meiosis 1 ©. Giém ahigm II (meiosis 1. Mt s6 sy kign c6 thé xay rad nhieu kiéu phin bao (Ghi a.b¢ hay 8 sau clu hoi)? 11.9. Cae abigm sie thé e6 cic chromatid chj em di chuyén vé cée eve } awe 11.10. Cée nhiém sic thé ngiin hon va day hon déu mach di a as H1.11.Cée tam dng (centromeres) phan chia be 11.12, Cae shim sie thé don chuyén déng vé céc eye Xb 11.13, Mang ahin va hach ahdn (nucleolus) bién mit) Ke 11.14, Cée t€ bao dam bdi duge tao ra a 11.15, Trao d6i chéo (crossing- over) xay ra a is © N16, Cac 18 bio ting wrié bio me vé mat di trayén duse tao” Kobe 11.17. Phe hap bat cap (synaptonemal complex) duge igo thant | awe © + Hay xe dinh ndi dung ede cau sau day ding hay sai va ita cée ni dung sai: 11.18, Néu tbo §ky tae eda nguyen phn e6 20 tim dng th a6 c6 20 ahiém sée the. 7 11.19Cée in dng khéng phim chia trong gidm ahiém 1. =P of 11.20. Sy nbin d6i (duplication) cla vat chat di truyén DNA xdy ra trong ky nudes f ae eatlte te tceorioles) déu quan try eho sy phn bod cé thye vt be Cao Va dag vA Frigz ne bao © tude I eta chia gide nhiém e6 mt nda mim sic thé so vel a6 ed wong é bho” 8k} tne 1 (prophasett). © 11 oie Pe hep bit cap synaptonemal complex hinh than tong nguyéa phn va giim phn. 11-24 Treo dBi chéo i su hen ico @ idm se thé maui. ~ (Chon edu trd li ding nhdt trong sO cde cau ggi f. - 11.25. Kigu nban ta 8. BG nhidm sfc thé dae tng ve hin th b. BO nhi&m sde thé 4c trang vé ‘86 luang. SEBO ohidm séc thé dae rung vé hinh thai vA 6 Idong, a Khong myc nao ké trén 11.26. Kigu nhin dem i Whi quan sit nguyen phn kj nd? a. KB sa (anaphase) 6. Gianky YXy sina (metaphase) 50 4. Ky trie (prophase) ©. Ky cubi (elophase) _€. KS cui 11.27. Vang khdng nhudm mau eta nbiém se thé duse got Ia: Chit nguyén ahi sic. ‘ b> Chat dj abiém she. | 6. Chit v8 nhiém sie 4. Chat abi8m sie (chrom: 11.28, Ving ndo cia nhiém sfe thé & trang thai hoat déng: Seni ngoyen shit sic a t Chai dj ahiém sae ©. Chit v6 nhiém sie. 4. Chit nhi&m sSe chromatine), 11.29, Trong giai doan $ eda chu tinh té bio, t& bio a. chiju si phan chia tf bao chit ( cytokinesis ) by, dang xdy ra chia gidm nhiém eisa0 chop ADN ela 06 dk dang chia nguyn nif e. bude vo gin ky (interphase ) 11.30, Giai dogn nao ofa chu trinh t€ bao Ia dai abst? a. Ky sav ( anaphase ) pian ky (interphase ) ¢. Kj giita ( metaphase ) 4. KY tute ( prophase ) “e. KY cud (telophase 11.31, Giai oan nao eba chu tinh 1 bao 66.38 Jung DNA gp di aM b.G) oe MAS 11,32. Nu 66 12 nbiém sfe thé dan trong «€ BAO & G; cia chu triah t bao, s6 Iugng ahiém sfeth€ Ong bSi ced Sin vt nly Hd baw mhiéy? 2.6 2. om 436. 48 11.33. Trong nguyén phart diém nao eta nhim sic thé chia sau cing: a, Ddu mat phai. b. Dau mat wen. ¢. Bat ky diém nao SC Tam done. LAA. Surkign no sau diy sy ra rong nguyéa phn? a. Cac nhiém sc thé twang déng bat cap. b.Cée nhidm sfc thé di (c6 hai chromatid hi em) chuyén dng vé cde eve « Trao di chéo xy ra pda ede ahim sfe thé ung dng. 1d. Sé lydng abiém sfc thé gidm tir lwng boi xudng don boi Sef Cac 1€ bao tung ty € bdo me vé mat di truyén dude t20 ra, rR 11.35, Nu e6 12 ahi sfe thé 8 t€ bao vita KEL thie chia gidm nhiém, s6 nhigm sc thé IuOng boi ba sinh vat 18 bao nhidu? 26, Oe Be 3% 48 3h Sw kign nau sau day xay ca 6 phan chia gidm nhiém nhymg khong xdy ra 6 nguyen phan ? a) Cac nid se thé 61 choyén dong vé cdc eve. 'b) Cac him se thé ngdin hdn va day hon va dai (2 chromatid) 136 nhiém sic thé dan boi (1 chromatid) chuyén dich vé ede cue }) Mang nhiin vi hach nhén (nucleolus) bien mal. ) Tam dOng phan chia 11.37, Surkign nao sau day xdy ra 8 gid phn 1? 4. Clic t€ hao con ling BO; deo tao thanh, b. Cae nhiém sie thé dan (1 chromatid) chuyén dich vé eae cue, ‘Cic nhiém sic thé tutng dng bit cap (tip hop). fai rong cic sy Kien trén. cde € bao dang trong qué tsnh chia gidm ahem ma don bOi va cde nhiém sfc thé ea ching thy huge ting oi ring 16, 1€ bao dang 3 thdi kj no? a. Tin &Y hay kY true I (prophase 1). by, KY sau I (anaphase D. 4 ‘KY inde Il (prophase 11). AKG cub 11 Getophase U). «. Gian KY (lnterkinesis:giai dogn gia gidm him I va gidm nhiém I O giai doan nio cia sy phin bao xiy ra sur tiép bgp cila cap nhiém sée thé tong ding. 4, Kj sau (anaphase) eda nguyén phn va gidm phan, b. KY trade (prophase) cia nguyén phan va giim phn, ©. KY gia (metaphase) cia nguyén phan va giim phio, EKG uae (prophase) cba glém phan I . Ky gifa (metaphase) eda gid phn I 11.40, Noi dung ndo saw dy Saikhin6i dé giém phiin? MEAND duge sao chép gitta mBi Ida phan bao, “b. MBi him sfe thé I kép trong ky tate. ¢. MGi nhiém se thé bAt cép vai edi ting ding trong gidm phn 1 d. Su chia t bao tigp sau su’ di chuyén cba nhiém sic thé. © MBi nim sie thé e6 thé tao 461 mot phn cha n6 v6i phn wong dung cba nhidm sfe thé song dbg. a - cy iG ‘Tai td hop di truyén xay ra cong: . a. Nguyén phan. d, Trao déi chéo. “Sc. Gidim nhiém 1, 2. MBi tam dong tach theo céc sqi v6 she vé cdc cute tong: =. aC 2. Nguyen phi, avicding yucns 1,0 b. Chia gidm nhigm tin 1 a Dv eating ¢. Chia gidm nhiém Min I. 11.43. Gid st 56 nhim se thé IuOng_bOi cla mot sinh vat Adc Bieta 10. C6 bao ahiu té hop nhiém sk thé kde naw e6 thé dite tao nén bai chin gidm ahitm & sinh vr nay (e6nghia €6 bao nhieu ki giao ti e6 thé dude ao nén)? Loai trit cde t hop xdy ra trao déi chéo. as 16 6.28, Jan. ©64 11.44, Kidu sinh sin v6 tinh 6 dae digm: 2. Do nguyen phan, . ThE he con ping me. c, ThE he con kde me Sdavae. 1145. Kidu sinh sin hiv tinh 6 dac diém 4. do idm phan, b. thé hg con ging me. ¢. thé hé con khde me. ava, H, 11.46. Vong di eda sinh van ta a. Chu tinh sinh sin hae tinh b. Chu trinh sinh sda v6 tin, 22 Su n6i tip thé hé don bOi va luOng bei ds Khdng c6 mue ado ké trén, 11.47. Tu mbi nod (nguyén) bao 86 c&ip (primary oocyte) ti qua chia idm nhiém s® tao ra mOUs6 luge tntng c6 > hhoat dong chife nang li: ~el b2 ©3, a4. es 11.48, Phd lon ede t€ bio thye vit ed may giai dogn trong chu tinh sng: al. 2 63, 4.4 es 11,49. 6 cay bép (ngé) bO phan nao dan boi a, Céy trudng thanh, Gavab. Phin hoa eavie, “e. Nodin, 1.50.6 eay bp ng6) bo phn no ung bi outing 2h, ava b, b. Phin hoa gia vic e. Noda, LOIGIAL Av1d. 2a, 3c. 44. Se, 6b, 74. 8b. B.9b. Wade, Hae. ac. abe. Mbe. 15b. 16a 17.6. C.1Rd, 19.4, 205, 2s, 225. Ws. 248. D. 25.0, 264 a. We. B,30D. Sle. 32b, 334. Me. OR, 3c MWe, Ie. Ie. 39.0. 40. G41. Ae. 42d, 44d, 45.. H.46¢, 47a, 48. 49. SOc. CHUONG XI. DI TRUYEN HOC MENDEL A. Hay xée dinh céc edu sau day dling hay sai, néu sai thi sita: tes 12.1, Trong lai phan tich, ea thé chua bigt kiéu gen duige lai v6i déng hop tt i, 12.2. Tile kiwi 1:2: 166 due ki tnh ti kine thé Wien. 12.3. Kili lung tin vai ede gen dc lp, c& hai tinh tang bigw hign st di truy€n trung pian, tf 16 kigu hinh ea Fas8 189231351 124, Cac allel 1* va I" edn nhdm mau A-B-O ¢6 sv di truyén tusng dung. “P ° 125. Cu st bio hoe eda lai don tinh 18 sy phan ly cdc nim sfc thé tong dng tong gidm phn, Chom cfu ted Idi ding trong s nhigu gol §: B 12.6, Mat ndu th tc, mt xanh thi lan. NEw ngudi din Ong mt nf KEL hon voi ngudi mit xanh va ho €6 con tai nndt nu va con pai mt xanh. chung ta e6 thé KE luda che ch ring: 8, Nguti din Ong khOng phai I cha Veudi din dng fd hope «6 Mau mat liga KEt si gid tah, 4. Ci hai cha me du d8ng hoo tz 12.7, Mt nu th tri, mt xanb th tan, Nu ngudi din Ong mt nd kEt hon voi nguei mit xanh vi ho 06 hai con mét xan, 58 e6 xe sudt bao nig dé ngudi con KE tiép mat xan 3.0% 30% 0% 6.66% ©. 100% 128-6 atu vuen, cy cao li i, cn cay Yuba Kn, Cay cao di hyp la vi edy Ion, NEu 40 cy thE'NE con urge 90 ra th $6 lung cdc ca thé cao sé khodng: 2.0 30 40 4.10 E20 12.9. Co thé ting cdy thud Ié don boi mye len duge. G thus Ii, allel Li rg 1 Ui edn hep th 4a, Néw thay cay Id hep, nd 66 thé 1a - ~~ — Dj hop teva ong boi by Ludng boi va dbng hop tit d hep «©, Bon bi véi allel Id hep a hay b déu ding hay d déu ding 12.10, Sot gah nit kinh nin di truyén (glaucoma) 116i so voi allel mA binhthutng, Gis, ng phy ni bh ‘hung kEt hon voi ngudi dan Ong bj bénh teen eS cha mAt thuting. Ti l¢ cdc con sé 6 bénh trén ld bao nhieu ? 4 Tat ed eéc con cba ho SK Mot nta ede con eta ho «. Mot phiin ba ede con cia ho 4. Mot phn ured con eta ho c {2.11.0 lu, hoa d nich li 0 so vai hoa 6 Ginh Ti Wé kiGu hinh 6 haw thé’ s@ ahw thé nio néu lai gta edy 6 hhoa nach li di hdp tit vi cay €6 hoa & inh? a, 3ngch ld : 1 dinh tit €8 hoa & nich Ia — Kidinh st nach ts ©, khOng ¢6 ti 1@ ndo nhurtrén yw SGC I neh 16:1 din 12.12. Benh vay ca bam sinh duye di truyén do mot gen lan . Gi si ngudi dan ba mae benh, ket hon vdi nguoi dan ‘Ong binh thuting khong mang gen bénh. Bao nhiéu phan tram con ho sé bj bénh? 47 lin quan dén tinh huding nbut sau: O bf dé, mau trdng do allel roi W, 6 max do lla Kew. Mau ving do mgt gen G dge Idp Khe va muiu sun do allal lan tang tngy. Khi cde ey hop tit ea hai gen duc lai voi nhaw cho cdy con c6 tile nhut sau: 12 cay qud trdng : 3 edy qud vang : 1 cy gud xanh. 1243, S€ nhiin duet é kidu hinh nh thé ado Ki lai Ww Gig x Wiw GIG? a. 4 qui ring : 1/4 qua ving. 2/4 qui tring: 104 gud ving 1/4 qua xanh 4 qua tring : 1/8 qua vag : 1/8 qua xanb, 4. 1/4 qua ting : 24 qua Ving : 1/4 qua xanh 12.44, S¢ nbn duvet ¢ kigu Binh ah thé ndo Kh lai Wr Gig x CBy €6 qua xanh? a. 344 qua trdng : 1/4 qua vang. b. 244 qua trdng : 1/4 qua ving : 1/6 qué xanh, , M4 qua ring : 1/8 qua ving : 18 qui xenh. 4. U4 qua wing : 24 qua ving : 14 qua xan 12.45, Se and due & Kigu hinh nhs thé ado ki lai Ww gfe x wiw Gi? a. 3/4 qua tring : 1/4 qua vane. 2d quilting : {74 qua ving : 1/8 qua xanh, 4 gud tring : U8 gud vang : 1/8 qua xanh. dl. 1/4 qua tring : 2 qua vang’: 1/4 qua xanh 1246, S€ nhin dug tg kiéu inh nur thé no Ki lai Why Gig x Wh ef? 2,344 qui dng : 1 qua van. 2/4 qua ting : 1/4 qua ving : 14 qua xan . M4 qui tring + 1/8 gual ving : 18 qua xan 4. 1/4 qua teing : 244 qua vang : 1/4 qua xanh 12.47. Khi lai hai ey ngud ta nha duge 1/2 s6 cy qua ving. 1/2 8 ey qui xanh. Céc edy cha me ¢6 Kieu gen a kigu hiah nhu thé nao? 37 a. Vang (Wiw Gig) va xanh (wiw gfe) b. Vang (w/w Gig) va xanh (ww 2/2. . Tring (WAW Gig) va xanh (w/w gla) 4. Vang (w/w Gig) va xanh (w/w g/g) 2.48, Gon ed su big hig phy thude gidi tinh ka 8U.Gen ¢6 sy bieu hign ti 6 gidi tinh nay, Ibn 9 gidi tinh khée. by. Gen e6 sw bidu hign chi 8 mt gid tinh, C1. Gen khong e6 bigw hien kiéu hinh ,nhung anh hung biéw hin kiGu hinh cla gen Khe. oh, gen lign ki vdi gigi tin, 2.49, Gen e6 sw biéu hig bj gidi hau bdi gidi tinh Ja a/.Gen 6 si biéu hign tid gidi tinh nay, Hind gidi tinh Khe. Gon es su big hign chi & mot gigi tinh, 1. Gen khong c6 bigu hign kiGu hinh ,nhung anh huding biéu hig kiéu hinh cia gen khae. gen lién ket vai gidi tin. 2.50. Gen big di fa a/.Gen ¢6 su biéu hién Udi d gigi tinh nay, in 8 gidi tinh Khde. bi. Gen 06 su bie ign chi & mot gid tin, cl, Gen khéng ¢6, bigu hin kiéu hinh , nung anh hudng big hign kid i, gen lien ket vi gidi tinh. hninh eda gen khie, LOI GIAL AVIS. 2D. 38. 4B, 5.9. B.6b. Te Ke. Se, 10, CuILb. Ia, Ie. 1b, 15s. D. 16.b. 17. 18.4, 19.b. 20. E.2Lb. 22b, 234. 24. 26. F.27b. 28.b, 29). 300. 31.b, 32 G.3he, 34b. 35.6. 36.b. 37. 38d, H.39b. 400. 41a. aa La 44b, 45.b. 460. 47.b K.48.0, 49.6. Sde Sur Khe bigt trong sinh ining 6 thu vat va dé v8t fa) Mo phiin sinh chi t6n tai @ the vat by G thye vat, ede ext quan mai lig tue duige tgo ra cdn 8 dOng vat, sd hung cdc ed quan duige xée dink ir Oe RS pO’ {) Mgt ig bao thye vit d3 bigt hod €6 thé phét ign thanh mot c& thé hod chinh, dig nby khong t6n taj dong vat (C3 ba cfu ten Cy th nn chal khoding vOi cic de diém sau “ayy thude ban eh eda dt, vi dy At ct eung cp cht khoding 161 hon wi trating dit eo pi tap cho phép thu nha chat Khosng tt ©) Ait eh it chat tu co thi cung ep chat khosng nhieu hon 0) Hai wong ba edu ten ‘Trong sy rung 12) Abscisic acid c6 tic ding Lim gdm sV rng, nguve voi te dOng ofa auxin Meaunin othe dng te ch€ ngtge li véi ethylen o6 tée dBng kich thich hign tung ny ) Nhigu hormone c6 tSe dng ciing chi Kich thich sy rung I 4) Khong e6 ef nio ding 4. Van ide din trayén nung dude quyEt dinh boi 1) Bang Kn ore {Bao myelin bao quan si true 6) Dac tn ot. : fia ong ba even 5. Mét phainit chat dam khong thé di ‘chuyén tit mdu ra dich ngogi bao theo céch sau = ‘Khuéch tin thing qua mang sinh ch. 1) Thong qua cfc tim bdo c) Thong qua ede khe hep gida ede 1€ bao. d) Hai trong ba cu trén 6, Ce adm adn 6 nao sau dy thuge ed cht bio vé co hE dBc hiéw a) TE bao gidi wy ahién, dai thye bao, chiit b6 tro. b) Interlepkin, tf bao lympho B, dai thyc bao 6) Immunoglabli, ha lympho, x bdo Iympho B ai ong ba et wn > ehite nang cba mach 13 a) Chong dd va van chuyén nude, mudi khoding. b) Vanghuyén chiit hitu co, nude, mudi khong So weedy va vin chy ct nD eo, ng Sa) Khing tw nto dng 8, Te bao ung this b eu det do 2 Fiat dng ca ho lympho Tey de. by Host ding eda TNF 6) Hoat ang ca nterfeon game ba eBu en 49. M6 mach bao gm ec lait hto sou 2) TE bao Ging, té bo hu m6, t€ bio aylem. SHE bro xylem, you 16 Sng sing, 6 bao KEM ‘¢) Quan bay, tw bao kém, 1é bao héu md. d) Khong c6 cw ndo ding 10. Cu ni sa dy sai Khi ni phn dng vie 2) Phi dng viém Hin tng te €8 chuyn héa cla té bdo & no bi Gn tung ') Phin dng viém Lam gidm tinh thi ca mao mach {Phin ng vm fim ggg ho IymphoT. Deft wong ba eb wen 11, Lep v8 8 than edy ‘a) Bao gdm nhu mo, m6 nén v8 eutdng m6. DW Trong nhieu tng hop o6 chite nang chong 48 ) Kitin thuting e6 mat trong t€ bao cuong mé. ¢) Ca ba cdu ten 12. Cae sew ho hip gdm 3) Hea b) Hemocyanin, © Myotlotin D$) ci ba ctv wen neuron bao gm }) Cc si nhdiah, than t& bao, soi true b) Si ahd, d8i soi truc, than t€ bio, synap ‘e) Sai nhdnh, thin 1 bao, synap. d) Khéng c6 cu nao ding 14. Cu mio sau day ding dé néi vé dign thé nghi : a Diga thé ughthinh thn dost ich digm Am @ nat ngodit€ bdo cao ho so voi mB tong 2) Biga thé nghi do har hgng ec ion Na", K” va CI trong té bo guyét inh Pho in ht dt nh hah ako hoat ag ba bom No-K-ATPose / q) Hai trong ba cau tren 15. Trong so ¢6 sau a) 1: nguBing, 2: su khil exe, 3: thi ky tro, 4 : Gin thé nh ign thé nghl, 2: su khif eve, 3: sy ti phn oye, 4 : thot Ky tro ©) 1: dig thé’ nghi, 2: dign th hoat dong. 3: sy ti phan eve, 4 thoi ky tro 4) Khong 06 cau ndo ding 16. Cu no sau day ding dé ndi vé synap Synapobsn ee Sot eb nha aes nap din cho phép tuyén xung nhanh hon syaap ha €) Symap ha e6 kh ning chuyén thn tin la hon synap din vi s6 pha i cht tay hd kin ia rit ln 4) Hai wong ba ctv wea 17, Hormone 2) C6 thé 65 Rin chit ha hoe I polypeptide phospholipid hay steroid +b) Chi tc déing lén cic t€ bao oS mang thu quan 46i vdi hormone 46. EGS him lung trong miu duige diéu hda theo co ché diéu hda ngugc im 18. Cac 6 mato hip thidng 66 che de gm su : a) C6 46 &m cao. 1b) C6 dign tich bé mat Idn ¢) Tip xiie chat ché v6i hg thOng mao mach. ba cdutrén 19. Ch no sau dBy sai ki lv he di aut 8 dng vt ob xg sag 3)Pon vj hoat dng cita than 1a nguy€n thn, _b) Trung than kém phdt trién hon hw thn Bite uct ong sco sums be er neta J) Nguycn thn bao gm mign v6 va mién ty 20. Chu mo sau day dng 8 nSi vé ey a) Cu tnéc ré gdm : biéu bi, vd, ndi bi, tung tng mach yo bid bi eta o 66; ki age bao Bi lop cuit ude o6 thé di vhuyéa qua lap v6 bang cach di xuyn qua tba hoc qua cac khong kh6ng gita ce tf hao €) Hai rong bo ctu etn 2. Trong hoat dng cia thn 3) Vitainine, amino avid, glucose dude ti hip thud Sng lug gba 2) Hign wang uét in quan chi yu €én motion nh HK ©), Hign tung cb dic cho phép lam gidm thé tich nude tiéu bai xust Ci ts ea ren 22. Cytokinin ob te dng a) Tang van chuyén chit dinh dung dén mot vong ahd inh trong cay b) Ngan sv do hod cia t& bao thye vat ©) Bigw ha sy phim chia tE ho thye vat Dca va ctuicén 23, Sinh sin 6 tn he v3 6 § nha ih ee i 2) Mei ating ngeai Kong bigh dng. b) Cdn thu ahgn sin phim the vt vi 6 Iugng ton €) Cn chon loc teen mot s6 lugng c4 thé 16a. Yd) Hai trong ba edu tn 24. Caw nto sau dy dong dé n6i v8 hoat déng cd hormone 4) Vj teeta thu quan trong té bBo do ban chit cla hormone (steroid hay khOng phai steroid) quyéi dinh ) Phe hop thy quan-honmone steroid c6 Kh nding hoat hod ede gene dp tig vi hormone fy ) Hormone khong phai steroid khOng xim nhp vio t€ bao ma diéu hoa thong qua chit trun inthe hal dhadu ten: - 25. Cae Hormone gi phing tr ving Gadi dBi v8 hormone wyEn ‘yen tung ting bao gém cc nhém sau phscmiecrit b) ADH-ADHRE. ©) TH-TRIK, 4) GH-GRI 26, Caw Wo sau diy ding dé néi v8 hoot ding cba ving dui dBi: 8) Cée hormone gidi phing tt vung didi d6i didu hoa st gidi phéng cic hormone thu} tric wy yén 4) Cac hormone ving duti déi c6 kh nding diéu hda hoat d5ng mét s6 ving cia no bo ngoai tuy€n yén €) Yong at bs sin inh fe homone tha sau uyEngen lb ADIN pec Splits rong to eb wen 27, Cau ndo sau diy diing dé adi vé sy ndy mam cia hat {ny mm bét dav khi hat hap ihy autBe nan by Cav inic dd tin phst sign ta hat nay mdm 1 chi «) TE bio eda hat phan chia manh d vong 8. €) Ciba chu wen 28. Su sinh ting 60 edp eda 8) 1a se ting kich the r8 do tng 6 lgng w bo d ving ind phn sinh bby) do s4f chuyén hod eda gfe 1€ bao truding than thinh xylem va ng ré yu 8 do ho9t dng eda ving md phn sinh va vong phéttrién dire {&) Kh6ng o6 cu ndo ding 29, Su iB hia dam xy ra ahi ede ahfin sau : ‘ge endopeptidase va ede exopeptidase ) Pepsin, chymotrypsin, trypsin } Pepsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin dy Hai ony ba eb 30. Su tdi hp bu oF th 8 do 4) Nang Bowman, by Ong han xa ing win gin &) Quai Henle 59 CHUONG XII, DITRUYEN HOC NHIEM Shc THE A. Xée dinh ndi dung e&e edu sau ding sis 131. Cf ed ché nguyén phn va gidm phn duye phat hign sav cée quy Iugt Mendel, 7 13.2. Wilson 43 néu ra thuyét gen nlim trén nhiém she. thé.& 13.3, Rubi dim d& nud teén mBi tring ahi tao 134. Ga 6 sy xte diah gioi tinh hu agus. > 13.5, Khi 6 sv di truyén lién kei, nhieu gen phan ly nhurmgt gen, 126, Th 36 tdi hop la 6c thé ei W hop. 8 4b we My + 138. Locus a vit cla gen tn ahiém ste thé 13.9. T4i 6 hop xiy ra git ede anim she thé thutings 13,10. Cée dr big e6 thé xdy rad ti thé va luc lap. 7 B 13.11, Biém no stu diy khong 18 wu the ela ridin wong nghign edu di tuyén: a, Chu trinh sng ngdn, b. Cée tinh trang 06 bigu hién 3. ©. BO nhiém sdc thé luang boi la 8. x Kh6 nui tren moi trying nhin tao, 13.12. Co ché xc dinh gidi tinh 6 ga la: 4 m Con dye déng hop ut 27 bY Con dye di gino te ZW ©) Con dye ludng boi WW 4) Con edi dbng giao t 22. 13.13. Ca ché née dinh gid tinh & con ong la a. Con duc dng giao tit XX. b, Con aye dj giao tt XY. Con dye daa boi 4. Con edi dj giao tr XY. 13.14, Co ché xc dinh gidi tinh 6 con chau chia la : a. Con dye déng giao tik XX. b, Con du di giao tr XY. Con ave dj giao tk XO. 4. Con cai di gino ti XY. ce fog Git SH Kid nang cudn luo tran thanh ng ( WO) én KEL v6 mt dang Jon eng trie NEu cha me du di hop 4, Gl al allel v0 ha wo tren mot him se thé, con hai allel lin @ Wen edi kin, Nt Ie hiéuhinh Dea oe shu thé no? ( Gid sit Rng e6 trao ddi chéo), - 3.3 ui cudin tin an: | inh chiding 5-9 ud cud tba 1b: Khdng cudnt Hn 1 Khdng cud tdacao Binh thug 1 cui uBio tom: | khéng cudn lui cao thutng ! cui luOi tron - cao binh thudag : 1 khong cus 1vdi lon 1 usin lui trin Hint bin thuting €. khong e6 ti 18 nao nh tren 16. Hel gen Avi Blién ket ahau. Tt phin ly kiu gen va igu ha st dif 8 fe con a pao phd ita che sme mi ci hai déu Ab/AB. ( Gid si khOng rao i chéo, nhing biéuhien ti), a, Kigu gen va kigu inh 3:1 Kigu gen va kiu hinh 1:2 = 1 ¢. Kigu gen 1:2: 1, kidu hinh 3: 1 4. Kidu gen va ki€uhinh 9:33: 1 ©. Khong 66 Wig no nhy ten Do natty ie bén a6 cla mot nhidm séc thé age bet eo phi v ui chith x8 da e&e gen gid nh (6 locus) oan nio cla nhi8m sic thé sé 6 s6 lugng trao dBi chéo cao nhit trong gidm ahiém? 60 BAWB b.Bwic cwin ADGE — eEWiF 14.18, Gen C vi D fea Ket vai mhau va edch nha 1S don vf Cie ed thé dj hop tt eda ed hai gen duge giao phi di ci ed thé déng bgp ur 19a, Nu 6 bgp Iai wen cho 1000 c& thé con, hl s® e6 bao nhiéu con o6 Kigu Minh tdi tS hop? als b.30 50 43300 ©. 850 13.19. Dui day la ma bin d6 him sich’, ede ef thé dBng hop Wi toi cba cA gen C va E duc lai vi ede déng hhgp We lan, va dug lai phan tch. NEw €6 $00 ed thé con tr ket qui lai phan tich ten s& €6 bao niu cd thé ti td hap? c H 4.25 40 4. 100 ©. 250 13.20, Tin s6 tra di chéo gia cae gen"A v8 B Ia 7% gia B va C 17%: gita C va D4 Vi D 18%. Téa s6 trao di chéo gida A va D la bao nhiéu? M% b.8% ©. 10% 15% e. Khdng o6 s6 nio néu uén.. 1.21, Cée gen ABCD cing nlm rén mot ahiém séc thé hung thi wy sp xép o6 thé khéc. Tén s6 Ait hgp gia cée sen tinh theo don vi A-B =6; A-C = 5; C-D = 3; B-C= Il; BD = 14. Trinh tg dung cia céc gen fa: 4. ABCD ».CABD, ©. ACBD ‘CAB e-CDBA 13.22, 6 ca chua ede eay déng hap tt t6i vé chieu cao va qua ling duige lai él cae cay dng hop tt lin lin va qué 6 Jong, Bem F; lai phn tich duce k&t qua ahursau F gilta A ya C 10% gitta B Cao, qua king 36 Lin, qui tone 9 Cao, qui long 2 Lan, qua King B Cae tu ching 18 ring 8, Cie gen vé chigu cao ey va bé mat qua nlm tr6n céc nhi&m sc thé Khe nha. b. Cac gen vé chidu cao cay va bé mat qui lién két hoan todn. c. Cac gen vé chiéu cao cay va bé mat qué lién két va céich nhaw 12,5 don vi 1c gen vé chiéu cao cay va bé mat qué lién két va cach nhaw 25 dan vi e-Cée gen vé chiéu cao cay va bé mat qua lign két va cach nhau 33 dan vi D. 13.23, Mot nau din Ong e6 kiGu gen AB/ab; e4¢ gen A va B nim trén mot nhiém sfc thé , com a va b ren nhiém sie thé wong ding. Gid sif e6 trao Adi chéo xay ra ong qué tsinh phn chia gidm ahiGm 6 ngudi ndi ten. Néu chi xét cdc gen trén thi bao nhieu kiéu tinh tring dude hinh thank? a be? xa a8 e-16 13.24, Gid sit ede allel M va n lign kt trén m6t nhi&m sfc thé , cOm m va N lién két trén nim sfc thé twong dng. Céc c4 thé déng bgp ti theo M va n due giao phi v6i ede e4 thé dng hgp ti theo m va n. Thé hé con dug lai phan lich (lai vdi dBng hp ti Kin) va cc kEt qua duge ghi nhdn: Main 232 MN/ma 15 mN/ma 240 malma B Hai gen trén cach nhau bao nhiéu dap vi rén nhiém se thé? 3.2.5 B.S 6 12 €.50 13.25. Tan $6 trao 46i chéo gitta cc gen fn KEL A va B Wi 35%, gia B va Cla 10%, gifa C va Dla 15%, gla C va 418 29%, gid D va B R296. Thi ty eta ede gen én nhiém sfc thé La 4. ACDB b. ACBD ¢. ABDC 4. ABCD PeaDcs 15.26, 6 mudi dim Drosophila gen ti P tgo mau mét d6 binh thung, allel Ign p cho mau mét nav. MOt gen khac kgm tra mau thin: allel C Oi tgo mau xém binh thing, con allel lan c tgo thén mau den. Con rubi fi dj hop tt 61 +i ed hai gen dugc lai oi con dtc mat nau thin den, Thé hé con duse thu aha nhu sau: (Ci hai tinh wang binh thug 151 Mat nu thén binh thuting, 8 - Mat thuing thin den 10 MAt niu thin den. 131 Gili thich cdc két qua tn ahwthé no? 4, Cac gen C va P lign kEt va cach nhau 6 don vi tren nhiém sfc thé, Cac gen C va p lien ket va eich nhau 6 dan v én nhiém sf thé . Ce gen C va P trén nhiém sfc thé Khéc nhaw va phn ly 46¢ lap. 4.Cd ava b du ding, €. Khong 66 e4i nio & wen la dung, 13.27. Xe hai gen tig ket nhau en nhiEm sic thé thuting. Alle! C eda gen thi ahat gay mit mat, trong khi dé allal lan €tao mat binh thing Allel ti P eb gen thai gy 1 da ngon (polydactyy) (C6 them mt ng6n lay), rong -Khi d6 allel lin pe6 ngén blah thudng. Nev dan Ong md mat va tay Binh thutng kEt hon voi nguei dan ba cots da ‘9g6n va mat binh thuting, Con trai ho e6 cd hai et md mat va da ngén, New con trai dy vg khong mang t3t nao. Gil sir khong xiy ra tra0 46i chéo, xéc sus ngubi con dau tién mang cd hai tat a bao nhieu? 4, 0% oe ©, 50% 4.75% ©, 100% 13.28. 6 mui dim cae radi déng hop ti tr6i than xm, cénh chung diye lai voi rudi dBng hyp tit lan thin den céah cut, ThE he F, dem lai phan tich cho ket qua sa: . Xam edah thudng 410 Xam cénh cut 95 Ben canh thing 105 Den eénh cut 390 Cée $6 ligu ching «6 ring: 2. Cae gen vé mau than va Kfch thude eéah nim wrén cdc nhiém sfc thé khde nhau. b. Cae gen vé mau than vA Kich thuée cénh lién KEt hoan toa. 6 Cée gen vé mau than va kich thue cénh lién két va céich nha 10 ddn vi. (Cae gen vé mau thin va kich thude edn lign két va each nhaw 20 dd vi ce. Cée gen vé mau than va kich thude cénh lién két va edch nhau 33 dan vi BE. 13.29, Bot big gay ra Kigu hinh gid tO dor a. Tang di doan ahiém sie thé bNhdim oghia Malt doan whim sie th. ‘éChuyéa dogn, 13.30, Bot bign gay hau qua lam thay d6i nhom lign ket gen li: Chayén doan nhiém sé thé. ‘SDI doan, c. Tang ddi doaa, 4. Mat doan, 13.31 Duta hifu khng hat thud loai bién di ) Fam nhiém Ka boi thé tnuse. ¢. Da boi thé lai “ox. 6: Ba boi thé Kec, G32, Mot nguti din Ong bj benh, thi nghiém phat hig t€ bao o6 I thé Barr (biéu hin cla nhiém sfe thé X bat hoa). Kigu gen eta ngudi din Ong Ia aN aXY b.xx Xxxy a.xvy eyy 13,33, Mbt nguti bj. benh ed nhiém sic thé XXXXYY. Mi € bio ¢6 bao ahiéu thé Bare trong nha: ail Ser ot i ee : os Hoi ching XX af du oda: Soa. Ban nhiém b. Ba boi Sam anigm 4. Don boi 3 rnc eg XXY, XO, XYY, trvng hop nao nhdn té bao 6 1 thé Barr: Oa XXX xy x0 axvy 13.36, Lai ed edi (2 a. 18R +98 SR) vi bap cdi 2m = 18B) th con Hai nao hitw thu: b.OR + ISB OR +9B 18k + 188 15.37, Cala ndo sau ay Hh lvOng bi ha dou thy 6 in a. 188 +9B hOR + 183 x +9B 18K + 188 13.38, Cay lai ef cdi vi bp edi c6 46 hu thy bn dinh due got a ‘Tam nhiém Da boi thé thud ‘Ba boi thé lai. 2a bo thé Hee 13.39, Bigm nio sau diy Khong ehifng minh gen nim twén nhiém sic thé ? al, Sy di truyén ign k&t hod ton. (Hien wong Oi khong hod Coan e7-S6 alm ign KE gen Wi da Dang s6 cap ahiém she thé, a. Sy di truyén lin ket vei gid inh 13.40. Nhitng gen nao c6 su di truyén € bao chit 8. Gen eda ti thé. . Gen cia lye lp. Gen xéc dinh gi tinh Sian AL1d, 2s. 34, 48. 5.0, 68. 7.4, 8.4. 95. 10.4, Bld 12a. 136. Ide. CISA, 16. 17, 18¢. 19.¢. 20.2. 21.4. 22.4. D.2Re. Mee. 2.e. 26. 27.b. 284, E.29¢, 30a, 31.6, 3c, Rb. He. 35, F. 36d. 37.c. 38.c. 39.6, 40.d. LOrGIAL 63 CHUONG XIV. HOC TRUYET THEN HOA COA DARWIN A: Hay gin ede nh nghién edu sau day v6i cOng trinh eda ho : 2) Aristotle ») Buffon © Planton 6) Malpigni ©) Lamarck 14.1 Thdn 190 luda Rb oe ae. 14.2 Tien hah tug a be we 14.3 Hoc thuy€i tiga hoa du ign Rb ede 144 Bign hiah un a we @ » 14.5 Myc dich lutn, woh eae Gin cde thuyét sau vao cic mye tuong tng cba cau hdl: 8) Thuyéi ai ign ) Biga tinh lug ©) Neuyén tt tugn 4) Sinh ive ug ©) Hoe thuyét chon ioe te ahi. 1446 Thuyéi tiga nda do Cuvier neu ra Kb we ae 14.7 Hoc thuyé' tién héa do Darwin va Wallace néu ra, rn rr 14.8. Hoc thuyét eho tng phi cé Ine sng mdi 6 sy song a ob oe Oe 149 Hoc thuyet cho ring th gid sinh vat bign dd theo moi hung. a: . @ (S10 Thuy cho fing th gidi vit chit eu tao thing mht W nguyenti ab. dC ‘Chon edu tra lai ding nh trong s6'nhiéu cau got § = B. 14.11. Diém nao khOng thuge quan dim tign hoa cia Lamarck: 8) "Xu hung ngi tai huang Gi oan tien han > Su bigt héa thich nghi do bign d6i mi trating wa Moi quan he phic tap gita sinh vat voi moi rao. aj Sy tiem ida, 14.12. Biém nio khong thude vé Lamarck: 2) Hoc thuy€ttign hoa du den o6 he thong. Tae dong ciachontgc.! 3 fay y . 6) Sv truyén inh tip ahiém “ Tw ahign than Iuén, 14.13. Diém nio trong quan digm ttn héa eta Lamarck ging vi Danwin DX Con ngudic6 neuén g6e ut Weal vagn 6. b Big Wi ngoai cinh Lim ede sinh vét kha nha, ¢: Si thich nghi do xu hung n6i ti hung (8 hod thién hom, 4 Sinh gigi 6 nhiéu nguén g6e ben ddu Kh aban, 14.14, Bim nao trong quan diém tién héa cia Lamarck khée vai Darwin: 3) Ce sinh vat e6 bign adi tin hea, Su bign d6i do tuyen tp. ) Sinh vat big 465i tg h6a thich nghi voi moi evn a Su sting 66 thé xuSt hin ta cht v6 sinh M418, Hoe thuyét tién da eda Lamarck 66 § 0 Hoc thuyét tiém hoa ddu seme he thong. — ) Nén dung céc nban i tign hoa, 8 ‘Tim ra dOng Ive tig hos la xu hung noi tai hung ti hod thiéa hon @ Tin ra eo ché di truyén dp ahi. ‘6:16 Yrone i that igual cla minh, Darwin coi sy kiéando la quan tong ait rong cube di cha ong: inh trén.ay “Beagle” 6 cia Malthus ‘. Nhén duge cOng tinh cia Wallace 4 Céng bd téc phdm “Ngudn ge cdc loa dog, HONE WAmELU Seba minh, Darwin coi se kin ne a quan tg ah im hh thdah quan dim moi cba ‘Ong. 7 64 a, Si mdi le cia dong the vat Nam My b. Cae loi thd €6 ai & Ve cha. ©, Cac io san hd tn dai due. Sink vit cia quin Gio Galapagos. 1 At 14.18Tal sav quinn do Galapagos due UNESCO chon lam khu bio ta thién nhién, he Phong thi nghiém én hoa thiganhién. = CY GF, ® Nai €6 cmb thign nhién dep. © ‘M@t trong ning ché Darwin dé dén, 4 C6 nig sinh vat sp tuyét ching c. 14.19. Tai sao ngay toag chung 1, Darwin néi vé ede gibing vat nubi cdy tng: a Vidu a8 hidu vé qué winh tién hoa. 6) Su tiga héa do con nguti diu khién, ~ 8), Co nig bin dj € quan sat. ~ Tai cd cd cée mye tren. 14.20" Diem nio khong la de diém cba cée gidng vat mudi cay teéng: a) Ba dang. x Su thich nghi t6t trong thién nhién, a Naudn a6 chung, 4) Phue vu Igi ich con ng 14.21. Céc ging vat nudi cy tring xudt hign do: a C6 nhigu big di 6) Bién di lan xdy ra d0¢ ngot Con ngudi da tich ly bien di bing chon lo. a) ‘Thign nhién da tich Iby bien dj bag chon loc. 2. Theo Darwin, if xuit hién cic bien dj chi y€u phu thude vao : a, Cie diéu kién moi tru@ng. Bin chat co thé. ‘© Chon Ige nha tap. 14. a Suluyéntip. Lame & 14.23. Theo Darwin, ce no 1a ngun nguyén ligu-chi yéu cho chon loc: a) Sula ging b. Bin di dng loat trén nhigu c4 thé. 3 Bign dj xéc dinh YL Che sabes of me. D. 14.24, Quan diém da héa eda Darwin khée nhng ngudi tne Ong 9 ch: 2), Cong nhined su tiga hoa. . . x hin tha'y moi quan hé phifc tap giita sinh v&t vai moi trvéng. cae tA c)———_Nhin dy st ph in at hoa git cdc sinh vat 4) Nhin ay shy digt gta ede sinh vat 14.25, Thust ng du wanh sinh Wa age bigu theo nghia Ong I: a) Su phy thue mot sinh vét voi mbt sinh vB'khdc. X, b Thanh c6ng trong dé Iai nig haw thé. 7 8 Su eanh tran, . aya. 14.26, Cay chm Oi thanh eding trong dau tranh sinh tn ahi 4. Mgc lan nhanh trén cf ky ch b. Tao nhigu hat rung xudng dé 6 bien U6i cam dB chim An tei ca ching °C mii hung hip din cn tring 14.27. Yéu 6 quan tong hing déu cia dS anh sinh tn Ia a) Site dé khéng vei dich bénh. YE Sinh sin theo ef s6 nha ©) hi ming thodt koi KE th a Ching chiu tt vai efe du kign ks hau, 14.28, Yu i ndo Kim ham sy gia tang 36 lung sinh vat Pt Dich benh, » Cac diéu kien kht hau bat I. 8 Ké ina % Tat ed cae myc tren. 14.29)%@u t6 nao ade din s6'Iugng ti da eda ede sinh vat wen mot vong ahd diah: x SO luung thi An, oy Cac diéu kien khi hau bét Ig a Ké tha ¢ Dich beah, E, 14.30. Chon loc tw nhién dude hiéu ding mbit theo Darwin a AT Su duy t8 ede bign dj €6 Wi, >) Sy hay digt cdc dang e6 hai cho sinh vat a. Sy sng cbn ede dang thich ngbi nh Ye Téted eae muc tren 14.31, Bing chon loc ty nhign, Darwin 6a gidi thich hop ly 2 Su thich nghi » Sy da dang. 3 Su xuft hign nbiéu big di &. avab, e)b. vac. 14.32, Dign nao khng thude thich nghi thy dong: DL Chim using thudng 6 marsde 0. » Gai hoa héng. °) Mu ra @ Mau xanh luc cba séu aa i ety. 14.33. Dang chon loc nio xy ra pita céc ed thé cing phai tinh: a by Chon loe ahin tae ‘Chon loc 66 phuting phép. SK Chon toc eon aye khde manh hoge hip dn. d) Chon toc con mai min 48. 14.34, Dang chon loe ndo tao ra su kh nhau gia ef thé cng phi tinh: Chon loc gigi tinh, %) Chon loc ahi tao. ° Chon loc 66 phweng phap. o Cho2 toe theo site s6ng mah, F 14.35, Sy da dang cé dugc do chon loc din dén ; 2) Se thich neh ‘Sy phan ly dau hiéw. ec) Sy hily diét cdc ca thé kém thich nghi, 8 Su duy t céc bin di o6 igi. 14.36.Sut pha ly dé bie due higu ding ah I: 3) YSvng cutng bign d theo mot hedog b)—-YSirhiy dit ede dang tung gian ) ~Sy thich nghi theo céc diéu kién khdc nhau. Tat cd cae myc trén, 14.377 Ngoai su phan ly du higu, edn 6 ahd Wg) 48 loki mdi tach bigt sing: a) ») © Chon loc ef thé, Sw hiy diét céc dang trung gian, Sv tigp tue tang euing big di theo moc hung. SC Sy céch ly 65 66 14.38, Trong 3 aan tS tién ha, nhan 6 nao €6 tinh dink hong: a Bign di b) Di wuyén we Chon loc te nhién, 3 ava b, 14,39, ¥ nghia quan tong nhit cia hoe thuyét tin hoa Darwin vio thai diém ra dai a a “The gid sinh vat e6 ngudn g6c chung. by ind ce ede quan diém duy tam. © Gidi then hop Iy su ti€n hoa cia sinh gid io 6m duy thoi dai: con ngudi khOng phaita trung tim cla va tr. 14.40 Cy phat sin ching loa 8? a) Cay ban dau khdi ngudn cba gidi thye vat. “HX _So-d6 hinh dang cba mot cay pha nhénh phd anh mBi quan he ho hing We thé len cao eda th sii sinh vat e Sd do nhigw nhdah chi ec hung tia héa eda sinh gi6h. o b.vie LOIGIAL A.le. 2d. 3.e. 4b. 5a. 6.2, Te, 8d. 9.b. 10.c. B. llc. 12d. 13.a. 14.b: 15.a, 16.a. 17.4. 18.2, C.19.d, 20.. 21. 22.4. 23.4. D.24.b, 25.4. 26. 27.b. 28.d. 29.2. E.304. 31d, 32a. 33.c. 34a F.35.b. 36.4. 37.4. 38.c. 39.4. 40. CHUONG XV. QUAN THE LA DON VI TIEN HOA Xée dinh nOi dung ede edu sau ating sal, n€u sai thi sita: 15.1, Hoe thuyéttigh h6a hin dai coi quén thé li dan vi nghien et, 15.2 Hoe thuyét rutin héa nghien ciu ede chi tiéi cia qua tinh tién héa. 15.3 Quin thé di ruyén la tp hyp eta nhigu c4 thé c6 Kieu gen ging ahaw 15.4. Phung trinh Hardy. Weinberg ding cho quén thé ngdu shi¢a 15S, Bign didi truyén thich ding eho 6 th 15.6. Hign wong da binh chi tinh bign dj ben tong quan thé. 15.7 Tan $6 dat bign chi s6 c4 thé mang kigu hinh dot big 15.8 DO bign thé lam thay 46i tinh trang cia lod tong thoi gian ng, 15:9. Chon Ioe eé thé din ngbia lt qué tah xée dinh xéc sufi dat ti ud sinh sé 15.10. Ap lue chon loc duge danh gif theo ti 1¢ song sot cia cde Kieu high, Chon cau trd lot diing nbat trong sé nhiéu cau ggi f: 4B Tigu tig héa, 15.11, Hoe thuyét udu tig hoa 06 cde dbe digi: a Tién héa xiy ra ong ee qua th. 6 Linh thé nghién edu giai han, ¢ Thdi gian nghien ey ng * Tied cde mye é ten 15.12, Biém nao i dfe diém eda hoe thuyét dai tiga hoa: a anh thé nghién edu gigi hen, b Tho; gian nghien edu ned, < Nehién edu tii cd céc hign twyng tig hoa. ¢ Tin héa xdy ra gita ede quan thé. 15.13. Biém nko sau ddy khéng 18 dac tinh eda quan thé dia phuing: Cac ca thé sing chung trén mot thé hep. b Giao phi ty do © on vi tén tai trong tha gian dai d. Cich ly it nhiéu vdi quan thé canh. 15.14. Biém no sau ddy a de tinh eba quln te di phitong, a Don v6 tai cia oa b Da vj sinh sin, « Don vj sinh thai Tat cd cae muc ké tren 15.15. V8 mac sinh thai, quin thé duge dinh gid qua céc je diém ndo? a. Khu phan bs. ». S6 hang va mat d9 ca thé ‘ Toianh phan wi va git tah 4 ava. a.bvac 15.16. Vi suo qui thé va loi dng vai rd cn ban nb tong tia hoa? a. ‘Tho gian tn tai khong han dinh a& kip bién. 'n hoa, b. C6 khd mang phat ign tién hoa Abe lip didi tic dbng eda chon loc « Co hd nang tich hay nhieu big d a ava. o brie 15.17. Phdn Ion sy da dang di truyén 8 nhiing quén thé w 8. si hy digt 66 chon loc cia ké tho su dicuhay mhap cweia cée cé thé 6. cde 06t bin mai SW si 8 hap do sinh sn hav tah xudt hién do: Di truyén quan thé, 15:18. Cae nha di truyén hoc nghién eu quén thé ndo trong tig héa. Quin thé sinh ena. Quén thé ca thé o6 twdi tung bin Quin thé ede gen, Quéo iné bigt lap. 15.19. Von gen? Of ‘Tap hap tit ed cde gen cba quin thé ». Ti s6 gia gen ui va Hin, © ‘Tap hgp cde gen c6 bigu hign Kieu hinh ti a ‘Tap hop cde gen c6 bigu hign ki€u hinh I, 20. Vis cc thé 6 thé tp trung phn Ién kha nang di tray€n ca quén thé a ‘Cac gen tac d6ng qua lai nha v6 56 6 hp Ia b. C6 su tra0 d8i cae gino ti. ‘ (Cae gen mdi nlm trong 68 hop tdi x ava. e. bye 15.21, Mue nao sau day 1a diéu kign tién quyét cla quan thé cin bang ? 2. giao phot ty do ©. khong €6 dot bien khong ¢6 chon loc we nhign . ede alen lan chiém wy thé A. bee fbe 15.22 we ‘mo sau day khOng phdi 1d diéu kién tién quyét cia quin thé cn bang ? 2. giao phi ty do €. kh6ng 6 491 bién b. khang 66 chon loc ty nhién + €(eéc len lan chim wu thé ea bee fe 15.23. Quan thé edn bang phai cé nhimng diéu kién nio? a 6 hugng cd thé tn Khong co di cu. Céc giao tif 6 ste sing nh nhau. Cc alle! ti chiém da 86. abe D. 15.24, Quan thé ngudi d Ue e6 tin s6 ca 1A = 0,6 , 18 = 0,2 tong cde nhém mau A-B-O, Brig ds c6 ghia: ‘Tn s6 ela i =02 ¢. Tan sO cla hom mau Ala 0,6 Tan s6 ca nhém méu Ba 0,6 d. Tén sf nhém méu AB = 06 15.25, Mot quén thé céin bing theo phutdng trinh Hardy-Weinberg, tn s6 eda kiéu gen d6ng hop tr Ian 1 0,09. Tan 36 eta kigu gen d6ng hop tt toi la: 2.07 b.0.21 ©.042 Ko.49 €.0.09 15.26. N€u tin sO ca hai allel trong von gen 18 90% A va 10% a, thi tdn s6 cila céc c& thé Aa trong quan thé la bao hiéw 2.081 b.0.08 0,18 4.001 ea 15.27, MOt quan thé c6 36% ddng hop tir lam Tan sé cia kiéu gen déng hop th tri ld: Dx0.16 ».0.48 ©. 0.64 4. Khdng €6 céi no néu trén, 15.28, Néu tén sé eda hai allel tong vén gen 18 80% A va 20% a, thi tin s6 cla céc ed thé Aa trong quén thé 18 bao sieu aro 15.29. Trong quin thé ngutsi Anh, tdn sO cia allel i ciia nhém mau A-B-O la 0,6. Biéu d6 c6 nghia la: a Tn sO chia allel Ma 0.4 ‘Tan sé cia allel "1a 0,4 So TES Gra eoagt a a4 a ‘én s6 cia allel I*18 0.2 va tn s6 cla allel 1” 02. © ‘Tén s6 cd allel IM c6ng "4 0.36 15,30, Cai nto wong ede quin thé sau king Ging vi phuong tinh Hardy-Weinberg 2. 25% AA-SO% Aa-25%ai b. 64% AAI2% Aa-4%aa, ©. 81% AA-I8S Aa-19%aa S250 AA-S9H Aa-t6Gaa ©. Tat cd déu cain bang. E. 15.31, New ta nhiin thy ede eho con tr mhing Ia dé 06 86 lung tung binh tht Budi thon, BS a vidu vé hon Ige én dinh €. ign Ipe eve doan b. chon loc dinh huttng 4. quiin thé cn bing 15.32, Mot quén thé thye vat sting téa mi tng ngay cing khb dn. Digntch tung bith cla M_gidm dfn wr thé he nay sang thé he Kinde. Bs la vi du vé ‘ 2, chon Ige én din ¢. chon lge eye doan Khon toe dink hudng 4. quén thé cain bing 45.33 Kieu chon loc quan trong nha te dng ken quin thé 63 thich nghi i wong diu kign moi trudng én dinh rt Yehon toe én dinh ¢, chon Ige eye doan ». chon loc dink hing 4. quda td cin bing 15.34. Nhu mot tac nhdn tin héa. chon loc ty nhién déng nghia vai: 2. Aplue chon loc b Dang gen xim mht 4 Su Sn dia én 6 gen 15.35. Sy sinh si phn ha c6 nga 1 4. Cée siah vat manh khde sinh sn nhigw hon +b. Céc sinh vat yéu sinh san it hon. €, Su tgp aha dong gen moi Céa sinh vat thich aghi t6t dé lai nhiéu gen cho hau thé. B 15.36. Cic Ong thg nudi dan ong, nhung khOng sinh sin diéu nay cho thay: 4, Suthich nghi chi phy thud ong cha Ku thich aghi 8 rmic quia thé. «. Bign di 6 Idi nzdu nhién trong quin hé gidp chang tn ta 4. Bién di déng thdi én nhiéu cd thé mdi c6 ¥ nghia tién hia. 15.37. Hign tuong nao lién quan dé sy phat wign cée dang bwdm d vong ning th6n canh céc khu cOng nghiép due ding loin vi du niinh hoa te ding eda chon loc ty nhién? 4, Hign twong ede budm ting se ehdng chu v6i Khoi aha méy. ». ign twang ede loai bud tring phat ida (Cite budm den khé bi chim phat hién nén tang s6 lugng. Cie budm den bi tu dit 15.38, Kh cd vi Khun len moi tvtng dac binh thutng ching moc ahiGu khudn lac. NEu cy Ken m6i trading 6 streptomycin thi Ide dau khdng thity c6 khudn lac nao moc Ién, Nhung sau m6t thai gian cd vai khudn lee moc lén, Diéu 66 charg a Vai t& bao khang thuée truyén dic tinh 46 cho thé hé con DK Vai t€ bao c6 tinh khéng thus tir tude khi tip xAc Va sinh sin tgo Khun lac ¢. Streptomicin gay d6t bi€n. d. Céc t€ bao vi khdn quen thuéc. dy vi khudin lén m6i tru@ng ¢6 thue khang sinh, phéin ln chét tnt mot sO rt it sOng s6t tao khudan lac (Cic khan lac nay do: — -_ Vai t€ bao 06 tinh khang thuGe tt trvde kh tifp xde va sinh sin tao khudn lac. b Cac t€ bao vi khén quen thude. 6, Cae t€ bao vi khuiin tao khdng thé chong thude, 4. Thuse gay 46 bién. 15.40, Vi sao chon loe ty nhiga khong tao ra, vi dy cde sinh vt chay nhanh thi nhanh hon nda, 4@ nhigu th ahiéw hon ita? 4 Chon loc hi tic dong lén mot tinh trang . Chon loc chi tic dng fen kh nding sinh sin, 1on loc do sy edn bang ela nhigu tée dong. 44, Chan loe chi tie déng 1én gidi tinh. LOIGIAL A.1d, 28. 38. 45. 54, 64. Ts. 8. 9.4. 10s, Bolld. 126, 1a. 14d. 1S. 16d. 17d, C.18e, 19a, 20d. 2he, 224. 23.4, D. 24a. 25.4. 26. 27.2. 28. 29.¢. 30d, E.3la, 32h, 3a, Me. 35 F.36b. 37, 38.b. 39.2, 40e. n CHUONG XVI LOAI VA HINH THANH LOAL A. Xée dinh ni dung ede e4u sau ding sal, né'u sai th si 16.1, Hai ching eda eting mt loai due sinh sin 6 tp voi hau, Fey cae Con lida ede qu thé & 189 6 thé auge to ra trong pho thi nghigm 16.3. Cée qulin thé 1a nhitng don vi sinh sin dbe lap ed loa 16.4. Thong thuting lai gita edc loa rt ks xay 16.5. Loai theo Linneaus la don vi phan loai 16.6. Loai sinh hoe chi edn et vao ca dic tinh hinh thi. tne cara Gt eh ech y m6 85 661 hoat dag chi yu tron cdc qutn th kc ving evi on 1 trong eée quin thé cing ving ev ta 16.8. Do ngya vi lta e6 thé lai voi nha igo ra con ta, nga 16.9. Cac dang da boi thé e6 thé tg0 ra loai mai. 16.10. Trinh wy top -> ho -> b9 -> siding chi ee mie phtn lai gidm dfn Chon cu trd li ding nhit trong sf nhigu céu gol §: - Quan nigm vé to 16.11. Bim ndo khSng thube quan niém vé loai cba Ray. lita phai thupc m6 loa a Cite c8 thé ing nhau vé hinh tha ». Cécca thé ging nhau vé sinh Wy x Danyj phan loai 4 Dan vj sinh sin, 16.12. Digm mio kh6ng thude quan niém vé lodi eda Linneaus? a on vi phin loat b Tinh phé bién. &. ‘inh bén vong Md Khong muc nio ké urén. 16.13. Diém no kh6ng thude quan nigm vé lodi eda Lamarck? a Bon vi phi loai —— 8 Tinh bén ving x Loki Khdng vinta hye su, d Cac cd thé ging nhau vé sinh ly 16.14. Darwin da bd sung thém diém nao trong quan nigém vé loai? Tinh hen vitng Se ‘Tinhich st « Tinh tan ven ei on vi phan lai 16.15, . Bigm nao khGng thude quan nigm vé lodi sinh hoc? a Che quan thé tdi sinh, b. Loai tn tai thye sy. ©. Loai os két cfu di truyén agi tai. Ranh gidi gita cdc loai khong 10 rang. 16.16, Loai la mot quia xa tai sinh v a Che cf thé tré thay thé cdc c4 thé gia b. Nhigu c&p 66 kha nang giao phi < Cée ea chuyen bigt sinh sin bén trong loai . a (Cac eé thé e6 quan he sinh thi vai nha, 16.17. Loai mot dan vidi truyén vi 2 C6 wn gen,” b. Cae nhém quan thé lai duge véi nay, ¢. Céch ly sinh sin voi e&c toai khée. ES ava ab, vae, C.Cée die tinh sinh hoe. 16.18, C&e du hieu ndo eta Wai due déinh gid cao trong phan loai a Cae dau hi€u t€ bao hoe. > ‘ Cac div hig sin by d. Cac dau hieu di truyén. 16.19. Dim nado khdng 14 thude tnh cia Lodi: a Sith nghi iS Sy canh tanh * Sutchuyén héa, e Sy cach ly 16.20. Cac ed eh thich nghi no quan trong han c&: Thich nghi ku hinh nhu big d6i mau 16ng theo mia Céc ea ehé diéu chinh host dong sinh Iy. ‘Thich nghi vai nhigt 46. ‘Thich nghi v6i Anh sing. 16.21. Digm no khOng thuge nguyen ly Gausse? Hai lodi cing nhu edu sinh thai c6 thé cing t6n tai lu da Hai loai cing ohu ciu sinh thai khong thé cing t6n Wi liu dai. . Hai loai cling nhu cdu sinh thi c6 thé cing tn tai law di, lodi nbd nim trong ving sng cd Lodi lon hon 4 Hai loai khie nhu édu sinh thai e6 thé ctng t6n tg thw da 16.22. Sy canh tranh e6 vai Wo: a. YEu 16 hinh thaah loai b. Neuyén ohn eda suf phan ly tién hoa e Nalin eich giao phi t do. ene D. Céich ly. 16.23. Biém nao ding ahdt cho céch ly? 8. Su ch rai mt s6 sinh vAt vo mot ving téch ddMoi cg ché ngin td sy giao ph6i ntdo. “ec. Quan thé bi chia ra bi nhénh sOng . Quan thé bj chia ra bai day nb. 16.24. Co eh each ly ndo tet kigm ning lugng hon ? 3X Cch ly tg giao phi 'b. ‘Cach ly haw giao phi. « Céch ly do con lai bt thy 4. Cach ly do hap wi bi chet 16.25. Co ché cach ly nao sau day thude hu giao phi ? 1, Cte ly to tinh, b, Céich ly theo mo Swttign hoa eanh tranh 4. Sutin héa choyén biét 16.30, Su chuyén h6a trong tién h6a Bi: 2, Sv tiga hda can tanh, ev phan chia mt dong ti€n héa thanh nhiéu hudng. ¢. Si bign déi wong mgt dong tiga boa Sy phan ly du hiew 16.31. Sut da dang eta thé gidi sinh vat chl yu do : a. Sy tiga héa canb tran, by, Su tig héa ching loai. Su chuyén héa trong tig hoa. ‘dSu bign 46% wong mot ddng tem ha, 16.32, Co ché ndo c6 vai tr quan trong ngay tu cla qué tinh hinh than loai? a. Bien dj t8 hop. b. Choa Joe dinh hung. c, Su phn ly du higu Céchly 16.33. Gia} doan hai eta qué tein hinhthanh Lodi 18+ a.Sv céchly dia Su chuyén hoa, Su canh tanh, 4. Su tic nghi sinh tha 16.34. Giai doan du tong gm hoa d dng vat thing la: ‘Su tach ri dja ly ca ede quai thé. bSSy bat thu do lai c. Sutdi chuyén chd & 6. Sy canh tanh F 16.35, Hai loai thy vat thudag c6 thé Iai voi nha. Thé he cay lai con e6 thé tr nén ty thy phéin to ra Lodi mdi téch bigt. Day la vi du vé: ‘Chuyén héa do da bai thé. ’b. Chuyén héa phan ly ©. Céch ly dia ty 4. Céch ly sinh sin, 16.36, Hai qué thé ton da ¢6 tao &6i gen nb sinh sin hu tinh, Nay néu ching duge lai voi nha thi thE hé con ti bit thy. Day 1a vi dy vé a. Chuyén hoa do da boi thé. b. Chuyén hia phan Iy eae 6..Cach ly dia eo ‘Cach ly sinh sin 16.37. € ehé ndo sau d4y khong phil eéch ly n6i tai? SC Cac ly dia ty "Ache ao oe «. Céch ly giao tz &. Cach y tp tinh 16.38. Qué trink, trong 66 quiin thé i chuyén da mbi trvting moi va 6 46 diBn ra sy tig héa phn ly €€ tao ra nid loai edch bigt, duge goi It: CS thich aghi tan wa b. Su thich nghi boi tw " 6, Sutin hoa gin doan. 4d, Sytién héa chiing loai. 16.39, Sw hinh thanh loai khée ving ew tnd chil yeu do cv ché cach ly nao ? Caen ty day .Cach ly theo mba €. Cichly giao th 4, Cach ly tp tin. 16.40 Trong ede ed ché edch ly, ei nto khéng edn cho hin than loai cdng ving ot >» Céch ly dia ly, %. Céch ly theo mia ©. Céchly giao th 4 Cat ly t6p Uh LOIGIAL Acds. 24.35. 44. 5.4. 65. 7. 85. 9.4. 103. Bille. 124, Ic, 14. 154. 16. 17 CHa. 19, 20. 2b, 22d. D.23.b, 24a. 25. 26.b.27.¢, 28.4. E.29.b, 30b. 31. 32d. 33. 34.0. Fas. 36d, 37.2, 38.0 39.0. 40. 15 CHUONG xvii . SU PHATT SINH VA PHAT TRIEN SU SONG TREN TRAI DAT A. Xie dinh noi dung eée eau sau ding sai, n€u sai thi sta: VL. Suestng xofthign edch nay 3 ti nim, 19.2. Cae sinh vat dd vin a ce vi khudin ym kh 17.3. Cie Bukaryota div tin xuat ign edeh nay khoding 1,5 «nam, 174, Oparin Ia nguoi dv tiga nigu ra gid thuy€thign dai v8 ngudn g6e sy sng. 17.5. Ce giot coaserva 66 xu hung hit ede chit khge nhau ti m6i dng. 17.6.__Khi Oxy hign nay tén thé gigi khong o6 nguén gée sinh vat, © 1.7. Sif xudt hign cfc sinbv8t da bao khOng quan trong cho s¢ tin héa cba sinh gidi. 178, Lodi ngubi xuft hign cdch nay 500,000 nam. 179 Lucy 1a miu xueng so ea Proconsul 17.10 Diing ding. thing i Khe bigt quan trong teh gud khSI ede sinh vat gn gi Chon cA trd Idi duing nbd trong sO nhigu cu got §: B, Lich trink tién hod 1.1, Trong Khoding thoi gian eéchnay 15 nd, eemgua dt sinh vic ndo bit du xudt hig? >€ Eukaryota adn hao Vi kun quang hop ©. Vi khan Jam 2 fe 4 Vikhudn yém kat 17.12. Trong khoding thi gian céchnay 3, 8, Eukaryota don bao b. Vikhudn quang nop ©, Vikhufn lam : Vi thud yém kn : 17.43. Tecng khong tha gian céchnay 3,0-2.5 tind, tén qua dat sinh vat ndo bit dau xult hign? “a, Vi kun ym kh Vi khudn quang hop (i . Vikhufin tam david ebvie 17.14. ‘Trong khodng thi gin eéchnay 1,0 i nd, én qud dt sinh vat ndo bt day xutt hin? 2. Eukaryota don bao ». Vikhudn guang hap Vikhudn tam ukaryota da bao 17.18, Tréng khodng thai gian céchnay 2,5-2,0 nfm, én qua it sinh vt nto phét trim monn? a. Fukaryora don bio . b. Vikhuan quang hap ©. Vikhuda tam davab Xbvie C. Su xust ign ede chat hit eg ddu tién 17.16, Chai ndo khng e6 trong khi quy€n o6 xua tue khixudt ign quang hop? 3.0t nm, én qua dit sinh vat ndo bat ddu xugt hign? — ange LORY KN). Cy i : 17.17. Trong th nghiém eda minh, Miller iGng hop dug ti c& cde cht sau, tr + aoe: 2. ce acid amin acid lacie b. acid acetic ‘khéng c6 muc ndo ké ra day 17.18, Neuén dinh du@ng eho ede sinh vat ddu tiga I 3 Ning hiyng ma tah cae chat hou ca, “e.Nude néng. 4. Cac ehft khodng o@ S. 17.19. Tai suo e&e chat hu ev trade Ki ust hig su sing lbw bi phn hy? 16 a, Do khi quyén e6 xua lanh, b. Do bhi quydn e@ xu non qua ¢,Do nude bign qua man, ‘Chua e6 cde vi sinh vat sit dyng lim nguén dinh dung, 17.20. C4€ polymer trong kh quyéa e6 sua duge Binh chinh do 3, Dung dich dim die. ». Dude dun néng 6. Bite xa ta ti ngosi davab Kab. vac D. Sy xudit hign té bao dau tién, 17.21. Oparin cho rng cdc giot coaserva gi vai trd quan trong trong su xudt hign cc t& bao Vi aXTé bio chat cng 6 dang chit keo. t'Ching d& igo this kh ten hai dung dich chi. cao phn e>Ching 66 kich thute cB t€ bao prokaryote, davab. Swab vie 17.22. Ong Fox néu ra gid thoyét vé cdc tiéu edu, ching c6 nhitng tinh chat nao? 4. Khd ning ndy chdi va tao cdc iu clu kde. b. Kh nang xe tac. «,D& duge tao ra kh lim lgah. 8b. e.bvac, 17.23, Nhitng tanh twu ndo eda sinh hoe phan ti cho thay gid thuyét gen xudthign trade e6 Iy hon? 4. Bacteriophage xm agp vi khuda, b. Sinn tng hop protein edn 4 loai acid nucleic ¢, ATP, NAD, FAD 1a nhifng chat quan trong cho tit cd cdc logi t& bao. wba e.ayab. 17.24, Nha phat hign ndo gid thuyét v8 RNA xust hign rude hign nay dude nhieu newSi cong nhin? 2, RNA e6 mach don, Ribozym. ©. Phin ti DNA qué dai davab, ebvic. 17.25. Néu RNA xudi hién trade thi sy chuyén hoa chic nang chia théng tin duge chuyén cho chit nd0? a Provein edu tric, a DNA eda ede gen. € Rybozym, a ava © bvae 17.26, Khi xual hién Eukaryota (6c d6 tin héa sinh gidi nhanh hon nhigu do: 8. Cae sinh vat Eukaryota ho khi nén trao 48; chit manh hn, b. Cae sinh vt Eukaryota 6 sinh sin hitu inh nén ting si da dang di truyén, ¢. Che sinh v8t Eukaryota 06 su bigt héa t& bao nén thich nehi tt ho vei moi trutng, dsavab, Sea bvac, 17.27, Siah vat da bio €6 wu digm nio? A Si dung nhiéw ngudn wi nguyén han. b. ‘Tin lén duge méi tras2ng can, ¢ C6 86 lugngté bao sinh dye cé nhiéu, « a vib . a, bvac. 17.28,C&i nao sau dy 1a mt hufOng tign héa quan trong cia sinh gidi? a ust ign ip v6 bo v@ ca th 1 > Xvi hign nhigu o@ quan x Hoan thign co ché phat trién bao vé phoi. d. Xuait hién co ch€ ching mai nude. 17.29. 6 ding vat e6 xuing 66 khoding bao nhigu loa t€ bio bit hsa Khe nhou? a1 ~ 00 6.300 400 17.30. HE thing chuyén bigt nao 8 dong vated xuong c6 khd nding phan bigt chinh xéc héa hoc? a He thén kink, HE. mién ahiém © He coca, d. He ni ie. F. Naguén ge lod nguit, 17.31. Lodi neu bat dd wt nh a. Lap th b. 9 Primates. © Lap ph e6 tho md vie ava. e bwwre 1732, Biém nio khong thube dae tin ea b Primates: a Bign d6i vust thaah mong b. Gio $ ngsn chain hoatd6ng d ban chan, x Thising e6 nhiéw v, « Thu nga m6, 17.33. Trong nhitng didm sau day, diém ndo khong Id khdc bigt cn ban gia 2iSng ngudi Homo vai cdc loai vugn tT a. Newiii c6 ti€ng ndi Ngudi ché tao cong cu tinh vi bb. Ngudi ding thang ene KhOng 06 duéi 17.34, Can ctf vio dau n6i ing Lucy 48 ditng thang 2, xing ba ehvin b. xuang so {wong chu 4. xuong dai 1735, Coal ngudi xust hign céch day bao nhieu nam? a 3.5 trigu nam, > 8-10 teu nam, © 500,600 nm @ 15-20 wigu naz, 17.36. Loai ng xuat hién d di? a Nam A. OS Bong Phi.» © Tay Phi é Nam Phi 17.37, Thi ty no sau day phan énh ding tién ha cia loai nguti ‘Ausiralopithecus ~ Hom habilis ~ Homo erectus ~ Homo sapiens ‘h Australopithecus ~ Homo sapiens ~ Homo erectus ~ Homa habilis & Homo erectus ~ Homo sapiens ~ Hom habilis. ~ Australopithecus © d Australopithecus — Homo erectus Homo habilis— Homo sapiens 17.38. New6i vugn Australopithecus Lucy sting eéch day bao nhiéu nam? a 3-4 trig nam, b. 8-10 riéw nam, © 500,000. 4, 15-20 trigu nam. 17.39, Nputti e6 Java va Bic Kinh thude loai nao? Homo habilis +b, Homo sapiens Homo erectus { Aus —~ Ae 17.40. Gidag ngudi no di dat duce inh d& nah thus v8 crank? 2 ‘Nevo Neanderthal Newt Cromagnon” {pi cu Neto Java t Ng de Kin LOIGIAL Acls. 24. 34, 44. 5.4. 65. 75. 8. 9.5. 10d B. 11a, 12d, 13.b. 14d. 15, C16, ITAL Ib, 19d, 20.8. e. 22.4, Dal. 24.b. 25.6, 2a. 2. 2b. 30. We, Wal 34. 35.b, 36b, 37a. 38a 39, 40.b, HI HOC K¥ NAM HOC 2002 - 2003 BE1 PHAN B: DITRUYEN~ TIENHOA Nednh: SINH HOC é thi mén: SINH HOC DAI CUONG AVPHAN B: DI TRUYEN- TIEN HOA ‘Thdi gian lam bal phdn B: 60 phét. Khong dufge phép ding tai tigu. Dé thi phdn B gdm: 50 cau héi tréc nghiém. ‘Tr Wi vao bang ri€ng (trang dé), Chon cfu trd 181 ding trong nhiéu J: 1. Vai tr ciia helicase trong sao chép DNA: a) C&t mach tg0 ké hd dé sao chép MTech hai mach DNA hd ra 48 u9 che ba a0 cnep Cling mach DNA cho thing v8 trish chp gid) Lam tho xo pha trude ché ba sa0 chép 2.6 nguti, mau mt nd la wi va mau xanh BH. Khi m6t ngui din Sng md nu kEt RB voi nguBi mB xanh va fg 66 con trai nt nu, con pli mét xanh. C6 thé két luda che chén ching: a) Ngu@i din dng khdng phai 1a cha dé DWKNeudi dan ng 1a dj hop we 1 Mau mat ita kg vi gid in (Ca hai cha me d€u dng hoot tp DNA, chu tng hop (chidu kéo di) ce mach tude I: iu 5'-3° cong chi tng hop cfc doen Okazaki trén mgch sau >) Chiu 5'- 3 gue chiu vei chidu di chuyén cia ché ba sa0 chep ) Chidu 5° 3 ngige ci voi chidu di chuya eba topoisomerase (gyrase) ichidu 3° cing chidu vi chidu di chuyén cla helicase 4. Enajme nko trong nhdng enzyme sau ddy khi ving mat s6 khong o6 nucleotide ndo duge gin vio ché ba s20 chip? so Polymerase I (66 oat inh polymer héay by Polymerase I (c6 hoat tinh exonuclease 5° 2s) olymerase If @) DA. ligase 5. Gen'C v8 D lién kth vi ahau va cdch nhau 15 don vi. Cée ed thé dj hap treba e8 hai gen duge giao phi 4 thé déng hop t lan. NEw 6 hap li tren cho 1000 ed thé con, th sé c& bao nhiéu con o6 kiéu hinh ti 6 hop? aS 6.30 Xs0 4.300 e850 6,Si¢sao chép DNA 18 qu tinh shim: 6) Teay@n thong tin di truy€n cia sinh vat tthe he 18 bao BS me qua té bao con ') Tray thong tn i truy€n trong cing m9t t€ bio ©) Truyén thong tin di truyén trong cling moti bao va tr thé hg ndy qua thé hg khiée ©) Tit cd déu sai 17. Se phan ly daiu hig duge bigu ding nbd 1a: 4) Sut tang cubag bign di theo mot hudng by Su hly diet ede dang teung gien ©) SU thich ahi theo ede dig kiGn kde ahou ABST cd ede mue teen 8, Thanh phd nao cia base o6 thé téch ra khdi chudi nucleotide ma khdng ditt mach” a) Ding, +h) Phosphate eBase: nite d) Duong va base Phosphate v8 base 9, Tait hop di truyén xdy ra trong: a) Nguyén phin ‘¢) Gidm obiém IT Gidim nhiém 1 d)bvic 10. DNA‘ong té bo s6ngduse bo v8 chéing xd nh cia DNA ngosi lai hy co che: 8) Khing aguyén- khéng thé JBAHE thOng encyme bin ddi va endonuclease (enzyme gidi han) ©) H8 théing efp eau SOS 4) Exonuclease 11. Trong phan ti nuclei acid ede nguyen Uf carbon nao dutte néi hai nhém phosphodiester? a) Cie Carbon 3°¥8 I b) Cc Carbon 1°98 5° ©MCée Carbon va * ¥) Cée Carbuus? va. 5 12. Kh edy vi ehudin len moi tnadng c6 thus khsing sinh, phan Ln cht tir mt s6 elit sing s6t tgo Khudl igc. Cc hada Jac may do: DKVai ee bao 6 tinh khdng thud'c tt true khi iép xc va sinh sin tao khudin tac ». Cie 12 bao vi kad quen thud ©, Cet bho vi khuda tao khsing thé chong thuGc &. Thue gly dt big 19. Tasting hep ndo sau dBy 18 dng trong sao chép DNA? 1) Chudi xodin kép bi edt 8 ede lién két phosphate va cfc nucleotide moi b&t chp voi duting. 3 Ba lien Ke hydro gita eke base va cae nucleotide mei bit eBp voi cae base bd sung ren mach oO 1 Cae litm K8 hydro gia ede base bj dit a v8 cde base 4S Auge thay thé bling cf base mdi 41 Cae hase mai dave thém vao Adu 5" lam cho DNA sao chp thea hung 3~> 5° ©) DNA bi aft b8i DNA- polymerase va cic nucleotide mdi duge gin lei ah ligase. 14 Cie dogn Okazaki dude m6 ai nbd ‘2) Polymerase Ic6 hoat tin $*~-> 3° exonuclease Liane ¢) Topoisomerase (gyrase) &) Primase 15, Teng hp nto sau dy 18 ding: 2) DNA-polymerase Indi ede dogn Okazaki by DNA polymerase Il tdng hgp ede doan Okazaki va a6 Ist DKPNA-polyimerase Lil dng hop mach tude va cae doan Okazaki d) DNA-polymerase III tng hgp céic dogn DNA ngdn thay thé méi RNA. 16, Khung ea ph ti DNA duge Binh thi bai Lien k&i dung - phosphate 1) Cée ve gida hai mach polynucleotide ‘c) Lin két duding - dung 4) Lign két hydrogen ©) Lien ket gita ofc base 17. Thaoh phdin nao sau day hién dién trong ribosome? a)ChERNA —)Chi protein COM pots DNA. ANA vi pote 18 Mac dd gen ma hda cho tit ed ede tinh chal cba cfu {ric protein, né chi ma héa true ti€p cho: (Cau tric bie | (505 cdip) +b) Cu trtic bie 2 c) Cu tre bic 3 d) Cilu trde bac 4 19, Tring hop nd sau déy la thinh phn protein rong diéu haa sy bigu hign cia gen mite phiéa ma? 3) Operator ') Regulator ©) Promoter Repressor 20. Mot mgch cia phd tit DNA c6 tinh ty base nhu sau: Y TA CCTTCAGCGT: ‘Trinh ty cc base trén mgch mRNA duge tGng hop tf sgi khudn DNA trén nu thé mio? aS" ATGGAAGTCGCAS* b)3' ATGGAAGTCGCAS 8" AUGGAAGUCGCAS DEP AUGGAAGUCGCAS" 21, Enzyme Topoisomerase (gyrase) ¢6 vai t: ’ 8) Tach mach tao ché ba sao chép DNA,YKCit mach DNA pha true ché ba sao chép 48 thie zoe, Sita sai @ Lam méi a8 téng hop ede doan Okazaki 22. Véngenia gi? DETAP hop tt cd cdc gen cia qui the by TIs6 gia gen tri va in ©) Tap hyp cfc gen c6 kiéu hinh tr$i_d) Tap hop cdc gen c6 kiéu hinh lan 23, Trang hop nao sau diy khdng ding voi didu hoa cim tng trong e&e qud wih dj héa (host dung)? 3) Khi tha phd repressor kh6ng gin vBo operator th c6 sy phitn ma 'b) Thainh phd repressor cé hogt tinh khi khOng g&n voi cd chit ©) Khi thanh phia repressor gin vao operator thi o6 sy ite ché phién ma ALKhi thanh phdin repressor gin vao operator thi c6 sy ting exng, hoat ha phién ma 24, Trdg hyp nao sau dy 125i? 2) Views a dang sSng dan gin ali ) Virus khong thé ahd bin ago té bao chi 3% protein eda virus eiéu hda sy ahdn bin cba views trong 1€ bdo chd Wh Virus e6 bd gen 8 DNA hoge RNA 25. Trung hop mao sau day 1a sai so véi quan diém hién nay vé mi di truyén? 8) Codon di 3 nucleotide ') C6 ni codon ma héa cho mot acid amin Mot codon ind ha cho vai acid amin 4) Codon duge dpe lin we theo tha wy tr dy 5° ©) Cie codon khéng g6i div ahau 26. Trang hop nao sau day diing vi Reteovirus va HIV: 2)BO gen DNA machen d DNA-polymersse ACB gen RNA mach don v8 tovene ©) BO gen RNA mach don v8 DNA- polymerase d) BS gen DNA mach don v8 reverse transcriptase Tring hyp nao seu dy i digu kign dB aay ra bigs nap? 28) DNA mych dan va tf bao R kndng c6 kh nding dung nap (competence) DADNA mach kép v2 if bdo R o6 Khi nang dung nep (competence) ©) DNA mach dn v8 e bo R c6 Khd diag dung agp (competence) 4) DINA mach kép va c€ bao R khOng c6 Khé aang dung aap (competence) 28, Nh phi hin ndo md gid thuyéi vé BNA xu hign tue DNA hin nay duge ahigu ngudi cng ahén? 2) RNA co mach da Riboryme _<) Pini DNA qué di. davabelbute 29, Triting hgp ndo sau dBy cha 1é bab Wikhudin E. coli duge goi la F? hong 6 plasmid F 2). Co plasma F 3 dang do ©) Co plasmid F duige gin vio bp gen cia t biochi 4) C6 mang DNA ea phage F 3. Trong et ché digu hia surbigu hign ca gen 8 cdc gud trinh dj héa (thodi dung), mRNA khOng duge tgo ra khi a) Repressor khing diye tgo ra b) Repressor khdng cé hogt tinh Repressor gin véi Operator 4) Repressor gin v6i chdt cim ting 31. Trung hap nde sau day lin quan déin phutng phép thu nhgn gen (DNA)? Reserve transctiptase - ¢-DNA tmRNA, b) Restriction endonuclease - cic doan RFLP ‘eXDNA ligase - ndi DNA 4) Phage lamda - vector chuyén gen 32. Cae chd phinh teen aidan sic thé khdng 18 Io: 1) Vang e6 hoot tinh pia mi e20 +b) Vang 6 hoat tinh sao chép DNA cao ©) Ving ¢6 host tinh dich ma exo DRTVong 6 hoat ta tEng hep RNA 33, Trung hyp mio sau day khOng thud vé tng dung cia kj thudt ti t6 hgp DNA? ) Xde dinh tinh ty cdc nucleotid cia gen by Dang vi sinh vat sin xudt protein cbs get «€) Phutong php chén dos méi bang lai axit nucleic —_FGay dt bign bing tia ti ngoai 34, Trutng hyp ndo sau day 18 ding cho cfc chd phinh en shiém séc thé Khdng 18: a)IRNA duge Bag bgp nhigu ') FRNA due tng hop ahi ©) Protein dae tng bop chiéw RUMRNA dude tng hgp 35. Trong 3 ahd w tin ha, ahi 6 nao €6 tinh dinh hung 3) Big di b) Di truyén Defthon loc wy aien avid 36, Teng gp ndo sau dy Kh6ng ding vi m6 hinh cfu tric DNA eiia Watson va Crick? 4) Trong phn tt DNA mach kép, s6ligng A luda bling T va s6 ining G luda bang C. 2M Hai mach cia phan ti DNA cf trinh ty gidng nhau nhung ngude chiéu nhaw ‘) DNA chia base nite, iting v2 phosphate 4) Cha ky tis X18 3.4m, 2nm va 0,340, €) Hai mach eda phat DNA 6 trib tb sung 37. Khuda d€ tg0 ra e-DNA 18 4) DNA, mRNA «) Plasmid ) Miu thir DNA 438. Trong didu hoa cde qus'teinh di héa (thodi duBng), cht cd tag 66 kha nding: 8) Giin v6i operator 4€ hoat héa by Giin v6i ede gen ev inde d€ hogt héa KGiin vai repressor 6é lam bat hoat 4) Gn v8i doan promoter dé hoat héa 59. Teng hap nao sau day Ia khong ding vdi vector dng héa (vector chuyéa gen)? a) Chita gen chi thi (vid khang ampicilin) )pBR322 hita mot promoter thich hop cia té bao chi dé kiém sodt gen ngoai lai 4) Ding dé mang gen va shan bin sao ca gen trong t€ bio 40. NEw c6 giai doan t€ bao chia RINA vita chifathéng tin di truyén vita ¢6 vai td wc tc thi sy chuyn ha chie nding chifa thong tin di tray dupe chuyén cho phd ti ado d cde tf bao vé sau? 4) Protein, (DNA. ©) Ribozyme. —d) DNA vb RNA ©) DNA va riboayme 41 Teutng hyp nao sau d8y 1a ding voi PCR? 8) Khuéch dai doan gen khdng dia vio thing tin v8 inh w eda gen Chi thye higa in view «) Chi thye ign i vivo €) C6 thé ding a€ biu hign gen 42. 68 ho E.coli tryptophan sau khi due tng hep duthita <2 2) Gdn vai RNA polymerase lam ngttag phién ma Moin va hoat héa repressor ©) Ue chet su t8ng hop repressor &) Gn voi operator 33. YACIB gi? a) Vector I8 plasmid ‘Vector tong ty nhiém se thé nim men ©) Vector 18 phage ) Enzyre chuyen bigt ‘44 Sinh At da bdo c6 itu diém nao sau day a€ chon loc ty nhién va tiga héa? 4) Sit dung nbiéu nguéa thi nguyen hon by Tién 1én duge moi trvtng can ©) C6 46 lung tf bho sinh due mhiéu shaven ela. byte #5. Trong sao chép DNA, chiéu t6ng hap (chigw kéo dai) ca mach sau Ia: 43) Chidu 5'- 3° cing chidu véi chiéu di chuyn cia ché ba s20 chép ') Chidu 5'-3'ctng chiéu v6i chidu di chuy8n eda topoisomerase (gyrase) “YaChidu 5° ¥ ngutte chidu v6i chidu di chuy€n cia helicase 4) Chidu 5'- ¥'aguge chidu tbng hop efe dean Okazaki 46, Trdg hop ndo sau day la dking vé vi eda (RNA trong que tinh dich mi? 2) Val-iRNA ga vao mRNA ValRNA gin vio vj tt A ela ribosome ©) PeptidRNA gin vo vit A eda rosome@) URNA gn vao vj tt A cla ribosome 47. Cae nha di truyén hige nghién cit quan thé nic trong tien hé: 4) Quan thé sinh thai 1) Quén thé ed thé c6 tu8i trung binh. PrQuin thé ede gen 4) Quin thé biee lap 48. Sykin nao sau diy e6 § nghfa quan trong nhft trong tdi nap sau khi phage xim nhép vi khuga? 3) Phage edt DNA cia vi khua va sao chép phage tng hop v8. capsid ) Phage tng hop v8 capsid 1 - 2% v6 protein cba capsid Idp vao bp gen phage chita DNA cia vi khudn VS protein’ eta capsid Mp DNA eba phage 49 Vain dé nto sau dy khong g6p phdn xc nbn quan nigm ring DNA Ia chit di ruyén? ~@2.S6 lugng DNA ca nhin 18 o6 dinh trong ede t€ bao cba bat kj loai no, nung chi 66 mbt nit trong han cla ede giao tk b) MBi loi co 86 tung bang nhau cia adenine va thynine: guanine va eytonine ©) 86 lung DNA cia nha gtlp 461 trite ki chia t€ bao 4) Chi 6 DNA cia bacteriophage xm nhép vio té bio vi khudin chi mdi 50. Cc ching cit ndo cho thy cdc t€ bao bi8t héa chitathéng tin di myn ah hav: 3, SO luting nhidim sfc thé nhurnhau 6 ec loai té bao Khe nhau cia cf thé. b. T11e A¥G/T#C nhw nhau @ céc log t€ bao khéc nhaw ca c4 thé. 6) SO litgng DNA nhu nhau 6 céc loai té bao Khdéc nhaw cia ef thé, YT cd ce mycké ten DAP ANI th 2h ade Se 6a 7k eB, Ye Ra 1b Ih, Se Ha. Te Ta 18 2 bh 2a Dd 24GB. 26.2728 Du 3O.e, ja 32d. 33k 34k BSG. He. HOD. fh Ab 43h bd AS Bc Hes Bl bE THI HOC KY 1 NAM HOC 2002 - 2003, pé2 PHAN B: DITRUYEN~- TIEN HOA. Nganh: SINH HOC Bé thi mon: SINH HQC DAI CUONG AUPHAN B: DI TRUYEN - TIEN HOA ‘Thai gian lam bai phin B: 60 phit. Khong due phép ding tai ligu. é thi phén B gém: 50 cu hdi tr&e nghiém. ‘Tra [0i vao bang riéng (trang dau), Chon cfu trd Idi ding trong nhiéu §: |. NEU 6 gia doon wf ho chifa RNA vita cha thong tin di truyén vita 66 vai trd xBe te th sy chuyén héa chit ning chda hg tin dt ruyo due chuyén cho phn tt mdo d eB tba vé sau? a) Protein. EDA. €) Ribozyme. d) DNA va RNA ©) DNA va ribozyme 2 YACR gi? 2) Vector 18 plasmid Vector tung ty nhiém sfethé nim men c) Vector 18 phage ob Enayine chuyen bigt 3. Trong sao chép DNA. chiéu (Gag hap (chi kéo di) cia mach sau Ia 4) Chidu 5-3 cing chidu vi chi8u di chuyén cba ché bu sao chp ) Chidw 5-9 cing chidu vai chidu di chuyén cs topoisomerase (gyrase) Pichieu 5° age chibu v6i chidu di chuyén cba helicase ) Chiu 5'- 3° nguye chidu tng hap eéc doan Okazaki 4. Trong phiin ti nucleic acid cdc nguyén ti carbon ado duge ndi bai nhém phosphodiester? 8) Cée Carhon 31° 1) Ce Carbon 1° va 3° 7 Cac Carbon 3" va 5° 4) Céic Carbon 4° va 5° 5 Bniyme nao tong shing enzyine sau dy Khi ving mt s€ khng c6 nucleotide ndo dude gin v8o ché ba sao chép? 8) Polymerase I (e6 hoat ti polymer ha). 1) Polymerase 1 (e6 hoat tah exohucleore 5'~ >t Polymerase Il <) DNA- ligase. 6, Ce dopa Okazaki duce nb ti oh a) Polymerase Ie hoat tinh => exonuclease ©) Topoisomerase (gyrase, 7.0. bao E.coli. tryplophan sav khi dite tng hp dv tht sé: a) Gin voi RNA polymerase lam ngitng phién ma rin va hoat héa repressor «te che srg hp repressor a) Fda voi operator 875i W hyp di uya aay os tong. 3a) Nguyéa phan, ©) Gin ahi I \Giim ang dora 9. Tring hdp nto sau diy 13 ding: 8) DNA-polymerase Indi ce don Okazaki. bb) DNA-polymerase Il Sng hop ede dog Okaakt v8 a a CDNA-polymerase Il tag hop mach true va cc dogn Okazaki {) DNA polymerase IIT ng hyp ede doan DNA ngén thay thé mdi RNA. 10 Sursao chép DNA ta qud tri ahd: Truyén thong tn di truyén cisinh vat thé hé tf blo BS me qua t& bdo con ) Truy€n thong tn di truyén trong cdng motif bao. ©) Truyén thing tin ei truyn trong ching mét tf bo v8 tr thé hé nay qua thé hé kha ) Tat cd du sai 11, Khi edy vi khudn ten moi trudng €6 thuc’e King sinh, phdn In chét tr MOL s6 et it sng séttg0 Khuda Ine. Che Khuda ge may de: >C VAGE bao €6 tinh khsing thus tr rte ki ip xbe v8 sinh sin tao kun lac. 1b: Cae tf bao vi Khuda quen thue ©. Cac té bao vi khud tao kindng thé ching tude. 4 Thode gy d5t big 12, Teng hop no sau dy 12 dag v6i PCR? €), Khueh dai don gon khong diva vBo thong tin v8 trish eda gen SALCn inte biga in vitro 8)Chi thie hin in vivo h) Co thé dung dé bidu hign gen 13, Trog sao chép DNA. chiu tag hep (chibu kéo di ela mach tniBe 8 2} Chidu 5'-¥ cing ehiu ing hgp c8c dogn Okazaki tcéa mach sa. >) Chidu 5'- 3° nguje ehidu voi chidu di chuyéin eda ché ba sao chép €) Chidu 5'-¥ nguge chidu v6i ehidu di chuyén ca topoisomerase (gyrase) Chieu 5'-¥ cdng chidu voi chidu di chuyéa cla helicase 14. Sw phn ly au higu die iu dng nbd a 4) S¥ tang cutng big dj theo mot hung. ) Sw hiy dit e4c dang trung gian, ) Sy thich nghi theo ede didu kign kh hau, re cf cde mye tren. 15. Trung hop ni sau déy 18 dng trong sa0 chép DNA 2) Chudi xodn kép bj eft 6 ede lida KEt phosphate va cdc nucleotide mai bSt cAp vai dung. itt lin k6i hydro gia ede base va ee nucleotide mdi bétc&p vei cée base bé sung tba mach cf. 4) Cac lien kei hydeo gta fc base bj dit ra vd ese base 66 due thay thé Bing c&e base mei. 161 Cae base mi dtse them vio db 5" Lam eho DNA sao ehép theo hung 3'-—> 5° ©) DNA by eit bu DNA. polymerase v8 ede nucleotide mai date pa lai ahd ligase. 16. Thanh phd no iia base e6 thé téch ra khdi chubi nucleotide ma khéng ft mach? a) Dutng ) Phosphate se nits. 4) Buting va base €) Phosphate va base 17. DNA trong té hao sting dude bio v8 nhs cd che: 1) Khding nguyén - khéng thé. P&H thng enzyme bién dSi va endonuclease (enzyme gidi hen). HE thding cp eta SOS. 4) Exonuclease. 18. Vai ted edb helicase tong sas ehép DNA: 11) CAL mach yo Ke hd dB sa che. WL Tach hai mgch DNA hd ra dé tgo ch be' a6 chep. ¢) Cing mach DNA cho thing va trénh ch§p Iai. 4) Lam théo xodin phia trade ché ba sao chép, 19, Sinh vt da bio co in dim ado sau d8y a chon loc ey nhign va ign hs? 4) Str dung nhiéu ngubn thi nguyen hon by Tiga Len dite moi trong con ©) C6 s6 ling t€ hao sinh dive nib Wavan e)a.bvic 20.6 gu, my mt nu 8 ei v8 mw xan [a Wa. Khi mot ngubi ddn Ong mat nd két hon voi ngubi mt xanh vi ho €6 con trai mit nd, eon gdi mt xanh, C6 thé két luda ghd chan ring 2) Nauti dan Gng kh phi cha a2 (gu0i dan Ong la hop ti. ©) Mau mat lién két v6 gid inh. <4) Ca hai cha me dé déng hot 21, Gen C va 1 Hien ket vii nhaut v3 ech nhaw 15 doa vi. Cée e4 thé di hgp tc ed hai gen dude giao phOl voi fe c6 thé dng hyp ti I9.n, Néu 6 hop lai tr cho 1000 cd thé con, thi sé c6 bao nhiéw con 6 kiéu hinh ti Shop? Y ais b.30 Kiso 4300 .880 22 Trang ha nds by ing wi Reteovirs vb HIV: 4) BO yen DNA mgch'dan 0 DNA- polymerase, .JRLBO gen RNA mgch dn vi revert sranscriptase ©) BO gen RNA mach ddn va. DNA- polymerase.) Bo gen DNA mach din a reverse transcriptase 23. Trongeaehé di nba wt biGuhign cdo gon fe gus iah dha (hoa: dung). MRNA Ong dg gg Ki 3) Repressor kn de toa, ) Repeesor khong € oat dh ‘(Repressor gig sdi Operator. 4) Repressor gén vai chit im dng. 24. Truding hop nao sau day cia t€ bao vi khudin E. coli dutoe goi ta F? Ichdng plasmid F tb) C6 plasmid F 8 dang ty do. ) Cé plasmid F de gn v20 66 gen cla bao chi, 4) CS mang DNA cba phage F. 25, Cac nh di truyén hoc nghién ctu quan thé nao trong tién héa: 2), Quai thé sinh th ) Qué thé ef thé e6 tsi trang Binh sl Quan nd ese gen @) Quin thé biet 3p 26. Cac ching ctf ndo cho thiy ede t€ bho bigt hda chifa thong tin di uy nue nha: 4. SO lung nhiém sie thé nhwrahau & cde loai wf bao khde nhau cba cf thé. b. THIS AFG/T+C nhurnhau d cc logi t€ bdo Khde nhow cia 6 thé £56 huigng DNA nhu nhau 8 ede loai té bao khéc nhau cla ef thé, Wve ci ede mye ké tren, 27, Khung ea phiin tir DNA dude hinh thanh bai: af Lin két dung - phosphate +b) Céc Ive gilfa hai mach polynucleotide ©) Lig kai duting - ding 4d) Lién két hydrogen 1 Lien ket gta Ge hase 28, Trubag hyp ado sau day Ia thanh phn protein rong éiéu hda sy bidu hign cla gen & mdc phign ma? 2) Operator b) Regulator ©) Promoter Pi Ropressor 29. Enzyme Topoisomerase (gyrase) ¢6 vai td a) Tach mach (a0 ché ba sao chép DNAM{C&t mach DNA pha truBc ché be sao chép 4€ théo xofn. ) Sita sai ) Lam m6i 48 téng hop eéc doan Okazak. 30. Trug hop nav sau day 13 ding cho ede ehé phinh rén nhiém sfc thé khGng 18 a) (RNA dave t6ng hop nhidu. by eRNA duye tng hyp nhieu. 1 Protein due Wag hap mig ‘mRNA dupe ting hop ahiév, 31. Mot mach va phn Li DNA eth w base ahu sou: 3; TACCTT. CAGE GTS! ‘Trinh w cde base trén mach mRNA duge t6ng hop tit soi khudn DNA tren nhu thé nao? aS ATGGAAGTCGCA® QF ATGGAAGTCGCAS Oe AUGGAAGUCOCAI pap Avacaacucocas 32, Thanh phan niu sau ddy hin dién trong ribosome? 2)ChiRNAB)Chi protein FRNA vA protein d) DNA, RNA vi protein 33, Sy kin ndo sau day c6 ¥ nghia quan trong nht trong’tdi nap sau khi phage xm nhap vi khudn? 2) Phuge ult DNA si vi kuin va suo che phage Bag hep capsid by Phage tng hyp v6 capsid 11 - 2% v8 protein cia capsid Idp vdo bd gen phage chita DNA cia vi khuda 8) VS protein iia capsid ldp DNA eda phage 34, Tring hop nao suu day 1a diéu kign dé xdy ra bia nap? 23) DNA mach don va if ho R khong e6 Khd ng dung nap (competence) DNA mach kép va i bao R oS kd nang dung nap (competence) c) DNA mach don va té bao R c6 khd ning khd ning dung nap (competence) J) DNA mach kép va 8 bdo R khong 8 Khd dng KM ning dung nap (competence) 35. Vin g& no sau dy khOng gp phn xc ahgn quan niém rbng DNA 18 cht di rayén? 23636 lung DNA cila nbfin la 08 dinh trong cdc té bao cia bat ky Logi ndo, nhing chi c6 moe nita trong, na cba ede gio th 'b) MAi Jodi c6 86 lutgng bing nhau cia adenine va thynine; guanine va cytonine ©) Sé luyng DNA cba nhdn giip 40% trade khi chia t€ bao 4) Chi e6 DNA eda bacteriophage xim ahdp vio uf bao vi Khun chi mi 36. Trong 3 nhain 1 tién hoa, nhiin t6 ndo c6 tinh dinh hudng: 3) Bind by Ditruyéa Chon loc ty ahiga saved 37. Mic dd gen ma héa cho tt cd ed tinh chit cba efu tc prote, 6 chi mf h6a trye tip cho: Ta trde ge I (sa ep) b) Cu wie bie 2 © CHa tne bbe 3 © Cu iede bbe 4 38. Trdg hup nao sav ay ign quan d€n phuting php thu nha gen (DNA)? Reserve transcriptase -c-DNA ti mRNA by) Restriction endonuclease - fc dogn RFLP ‘) DNA ligase - n6i DNA. +) Phage lamdsa - vector chuyén gen. 39. Nh& phat ign ndo ma gid thuyét.vé RNA xudit hién true DNA hign nay duge nhiéu ngudi cng nhgn? RNA muchddn SE)Riboayme. e) Phan t?DNA qud Gi, da vd be) bya e 40. Cac chd phinh wén nhiém sic thé khdng 16 1a 2) Ving o6 hoat tinh phien ma a0 +) Vong ¢6 hoat inh sao chép DNA cao. © Vasng c6 oat tah deh ma ea0 “AF Vane 6 hoat tinh Wag hop RNA 4. Teng hop nite sau day khOng dng vi md hinh cfs tele DNA cia Watson v8 Crick? 4) Trong phin tl DNA mach kép, s6 Iuong A luGn big T va sé lugng G luda bing C. did Hai mach ota phim tit DNA cé tri ty ging shaw nhumg nguve chide nhaw ©) DNA chia base nis, dng v8 phosphate 4)Chu kj tia X 18 34m, 2am va O.34nm. 2) Hai mach cia phn ti DNA cé trinh ty bd sung. 42. Tring hop nto sau diy kndng thuge vé tng dung cla ky thudt ti 16 hop DNA? a Xie dinh tinh wee nctectd eda gen ) Dang vi sinh vft sin xust protein cba ngui. ©) Uniting php chin dosn mai Png a aisle. YGAy db bien bg da cag 43, Khun d tau re DNA Ib 3)DNA simRNA ©) Plasmid 4) Mi thi DNA 44. Trung hyp ata sau dB hong tng voi diGu hda cde tng trong cdc qua trinh dj hda (thoi duOngy? a) Kh thin phn repressor kh8ng g&n VA operator th c6 su phim ma by Thaah phn repressor e6 hogt tinh ki khong gin voi eo cht ©) Khi than phdn repressor gin vao operator thi o6 sy tte ché phién ma chi than pda repressor gt to operator thi cd sf ting exting, hogt héa phign ms 45. Trong Gig hw ec yas tinh hd hos uta), chi cm tg e6 Kh’ nding: 8) Gn voi operator a€ hogt héa +b) Glin véi céc gen edu tke 4€ host hoa Gin v6i repressor dé lam bat hoet 4) Gn véi dogn promoter 48 hoat héa 46, Trang Fgp nao sau day i sai? 2) Virus a dang ng don gin at +b) Virus khong thé nhan bin ngodi té bao chi, 8 protein cia virus du hba sy ahén bin cba virus trong té bio ch ) Virus eh gen 8 DNA hoge RNA 47. Teabng hap mo sa dy 1 khdng ng vi vector dOng h6a (vector chuy€n gen)? a) Chita gen chi thj (vi du khéing ampicillin) b) pBR322 PAChiia mot promoter thich hgp cia té bao chi dé kiém soét gen ngogi tsi @) Dang dé mang gen va nhin ban sao cila gen trong té bio 48. Vén gen la gi? "Gp hyp tit cd ede gen eda gud thé. by Tid gitta gen tri va Jan. €) Tap hop cfc gen co kiéu hich i.) Tap hop cdc gene6 Kieu hinh Ion 49. Truting hsp nde sau dy 12 gai so véi quan dim hign nay vé ma di teuy€n? 2) Codon dai 3 nucleotide b) C6 nhiéu codon ma héa cho mot acid amin "®AMlor codon ma héa cho vai acid amin @) Codon duige doc lién tye theo the ty ti du 5* ¢) Cc codon khong g6i ddu nhau 50. Tring hop nao sau dy 18 ding v8 it cds CRNA trong qu tri dich m8? 2) Val-tRNA gén vao mRNA Val.tRNA gn vao vt A cba ribosome €) PeptitRNA gin vBo vt A cba ribosome. “@) tRNA gén vao vi tt A cia ribosome DAP AN bb 2h ede Se, BO fa Ib Ad. dd. Sh 678.19. 2he. Bie Ma. Se, 26a. BA. DH. OM, Bide eM Sa Sead. Wb 2d Sede ae BaD. SD BE THI TUYEN SINH CAO HOC2 () Phan Sink hoc é6ng thyc vat Nam hoe 2002-2003 71-Ce hormone do thy tate tye yee tira gm 2) TH, GH, Oxytecin, ACTH ) OH. LH. FSH, TRIE yf Poolictin, LH, GH, FSH aACTH. somatomedin, TH, FSH 72 Dibu mio sau diy ding 4 nv sy iba he ving dud dB-uyEa yon Tesch ea ving da edu in Ue homone ty yn thong qa sy dln twvyd ese xung ihn kinh rnin a doe Botkin ih cba ng dict Kh ch ay kim hey oe Irmone eta tyén yéa cya ane ciety tas tyé yn do mpc ah € bho thn Rah ca vong dt i da ian 8 choyEe da nyén yéa sane omume do thay tute ye yeni ran bn ee ida ha bo ai hormone o the 0g 461 hing cia ving dud di 73. Synap dign va héa Khe hav & ehB 3) Symap dién ayén xungnhanh hon synap ha 9 Se tuyén sung qua synapdién theo hai chi, que synap ha theo mou chidwy 44 Synap dita va synap héa de eumg cho nhdng loa te be hdc tang pia ng ch en 74. 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Cau mio sau day sai dé ni vé tuyen yen: Re Tone san met 6 ch tng du hod quan Wong oh 8 dng vB cS ang sng “Mura yen khong tg hop homane ma chi le hamone Otte Was fos wo, bp £) Cac hormone dotuyén yén sin nude bin chit protein Hai trong 6 ba ciu wea 7BLTHIN gui 48) Baw gd ahiu dn vi goi I edu thn by Thue higo ese ehge ning: ioc, ti hap thu ¥8 60 dc ©)C9 chute ning chinh It Ipe mn YRCS thé th ak mate va nhidu cht c6 fh dich oe ban atu T}CHRBo sau by Bing dE nv su chang dich vd KhuECh ence ht cts tat couyes ut osu v301€ bo Go te dong ea hat Ie aguse haw 9) Khong €6 eu ndo ding 80. CAu wha sau diy wing 8 nd vé synap ha 2) Mang cb hai tf bio @ synap khong ip ne tev p mi ni vi aha bd cbc Bah Cae xing di date chuyén qu syeap nh ii phg ef cht tay tha ki i ynap 6G eam eal chit yd thd kia 8 age {) Sroap hb cS kd nang chuyéa thing tin gd hyn vc ruyén dude theo mét chu 81. 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Nhan(t6 cho phép nha big € hido ca ca thé 48 bj ‘xdm nhiém bdi tic nhdn Ig 1a: 2) Cytokine Ioereron PEC prorin mE VTE bao oho 88. Ca quan ndo 3 une vt 6 sinh sin 0 tinh ayThineé OM ely DTA ts byte £9. Cou nf i i vit ng ded chuyda ents toe oy 518 ep peat dg ea mach by Do su thost hui nude, ©) Phu hie vo thee pha ute, A Phu thudie sao sf déng md kai khéng. 90. Céu nio sai khi n6i vé hoot dbng etia kh khSing 4) Koi hag mé cho CO: di vo va Opdi ra Db) ThE nang murde th lam kh khdng dong lat 2 Vin ed se mi mate trong cd.y mac die sy du chiah cia kh Khng Khong 6 e3u nko ding 9E. Bong tae d€ di chuy€n cde chal trong phloem 8) Ap suit thi thu eda ede € bac tig nhén bL-ThE nusde exo tony phloem AKp suai nso trong phloem ) Khong es edu mio ding 9. Ch a Ang ae da hyo gh gpm yt ites © vane Dua Seftamene 98. Chu nia ei v8 sot ean 2) Phy tude vio dps nd thts 1) Beng vas ib hil yeu rong va chuyn 2 he thing phloem eting aw xylem Bom 9 ih bar Clube 95. Cau no stu oy su én vain 4 Auxin Lithia edy nghing v8 pha sing do Le dag lam ndi bag vc tf bao 1 Tiok hung rong te & tye vit ge quyét dah mpt pha bi auxin ©) Auxin uve vin chuyén wong the vt auyén qua tf bdo Mot te dyng ob auxin aki hich sy go lop eft b6 tongs rung M 95. Cau nde Sau dy ing dé obi vé sx vn chuyén cht rong phloem Arid van chuyén ef cht ong phloem thay 46 theo tang thd sinh y ela ey by Ap suft tang tong phloem gidm dn tt dé thin 15 we di chuyén aude a xylem sang phloem @ «sing tray phiget dage tha an chi yes BO ee bho thin 96. Nn eve 8) KE‘ qua sv phn chia nguyen mien cla di bot 1) Do i phn chia gdm nhidm eat bo me 491 B80 tt ©) Dos két hyp ea ha an donb "dL Khng 66 cau ndo ding 97. THE mudd 2018p sustewing ala ety 1 8 psu hm thy ea ey "PAL dp suai ening ket hap voi dp sut thm ha £9 kving c6 ea mdo ding. 98. $4190 giot nue 3 I 8 do aXAp ve cia cd ©) Sy todt ho nude 1b) Hoot déng cia mach 4 PaGi hep cia 3 host dong tren 99. Cu nto sau diy sid nd véhoat dBag ea thn @ dong vt eb xtong 360g "a! Gém hai bude: sin nuit dich Ige du én va BA xu ich le my Digan che ning en nguyen tn 1 Shim ening mui muse, diy nds pH, bi sucht hl 4) Cho phép ti hp tu phn tan hay toda bp amino acid Ong, vitamin 100. Tong sy digu hod chte nding ela thin 8) Angiotensin I due gli phn boi cf bao gla eb thin we Vasopresin 1am tng i hp thy aude thd |) ) Angiotensin Igy gid png aldoseron 4) Renin chuyn hod angiotensin I thdah angiotensin I ‘Woh diem khong th di choydn tt mara dich ngogi tao theo ch sau: “4 Khuceh vin ding gus ang sinh et )"thong que ese tsi dm bo ©) Th6ng qua efe Khe hep gids cde tf bdo 4) Hai wong ba edu ten 101. Mar 102. Sitiéu hoa hod hoe 4) DSi vai protein xy ra 8 ming daddy v8 rubt aon “BLBuve tién anh edn y 48 hs v9 dinning phan wt polymer ©) Kay ma chi yu dda hy © Chi nay ex di vb not 58 phat? ae doh 103. 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