Bi 3

BM ( PUMP)

Dn nhp
Cc lai bm thng gp
Cc thng s hnh hc
Cc thng s c tnh:

Lu lng Q, Ct p H, Cng sut N, Hiu sut , h

s quay nhanh ns, im lm vic ti u BOP, ng
c tnh bm
Cng thc thng dng
Cc nh lut ng dng

Chn la bm
Vn hnh , iu chnh bm

Thc tp: tm hiu cu to v nguyn l hat ng ca

bm, mt s tnh tan cn thit, v kho nghim bm
Nguyn Hng Tm

BM ( PUMP)
Phn loi bm

Nguyn Hng Tm

 Bm th tch:
ng vi mi vng quay mt lng cht
lng c chuyn i t u ht ny qua
u y kia
Nu h ng ng ng kn: ct p tng
dn n h bm
Thng s dng bm cc lu cht khc
nc hoc nc cn ct p cao

Nguyn Hng Tm

BM TH TCH

Bm piston quay hng trc

Bm piston:

(Axial rotary piston pump)

Thng s dng cho cht lng

c nht cao, du..

Bm quay: dng Bnh

rng, cam, van
Thng dng trong cng
nghip vi mc ch ring
Dng nh lng..

Bm bnh rng
n khp trong

Bm cnh gt
Nguyn Hng Tm

 Hnh mt s lai bm th tch

Bm bnh rng n khp ngai

Bm piston
Nguyn Hng Tm

 Bm ng hc:
Bnh cng tc (rotor, impeller) quay trn chuyn ng
nng thnh tnh p v ng p bm cht lng

Hai loi chnh:

Bm li tm ( centrifugal pumps): trong
cng nghip > 75% bm nc,
Bm hng trc ( axial pumps),
V Bm hn hp ( mixedflow pumps)
Nguyn Hng Tm

BM LI TM
( CENTRIFUGAL PUMP)
Bm li tm hat
ng ra sao ?
Cht lng c ht vo
bnh cng tc ( rotor), i
qua rotor, nhn nng
lng t rotor ri i ra
khi v.
V bm gip chuyn
ng nng ny thnh
tnh p+ ng p

y ra

Ht vo

Bm li tm v ng c tnh
Nguyn Hng Tm

Nguyn l hat ng
ca bm li tm

ng c tnh bm vi
van m 10, 50, 90%

Nguyn Hng Tm

BM LI TM( CENTRIFUGAL PUMP)

Cu to ca bm li tm
Cc thng s hnh hc : d1, d2,b..

Ming y

Ming ht

Rotor
Trc
Bc n
Nguyn Hng Tm

BM LI TM ( CENTRIFUGAL PUMP)

Bnh cng tc
(Rotor, impeller)
L b phn quay chnh
cung cp lc li tm cho
lu cht.
C th l 1 Rotor, hay
nhiu Rotor( bm nhiu
tng) ni tip nhau
tng H
Rotor c th l
dng m ( open type) hoc
dng kn ( closed type)
Nguyn Hng Tm

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BM LI TM ( CENTRIFUGAL PUMP)
Trc: (shaft)

Nhm chuyn moment quay t

mot n roto

V ( casing)

Bao ly roto to nn bung to

p.
lp trc v bc n.
V c dng xay c to cn
bng v p sut
V c dng trn c dng
trong bm nhiu tng

Nguyn Hng Tm

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BM HNG TRC, BM HN HP

Nguyn Hng Tm

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BM

CC THNG S C TNH:

LU LNG, Q, m3/s, (L/pht)

CT P,H, (mWG), mH2O
CNG SUT, Nlt, W,
= * g, (g= 9,81m/s2)
S VNG QUAY n, rpm

HIU SUT, , %

Nlt = G*H = *Q*H

(Vi N: W; Q, m /s)
3

N lt * Q * H
=
=
N
N

H S QUAY NHANH, ns

ns =

NG C TNH:

m t mi quan h ca cc
thng s trn

Nguyn Hng Tm

3,65 * n * Q
H

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BM
NG C TNH BM ( pump performance curve)
ng c tnh bm

ng c tnh ca nhiu c bm

Nguyn Hng Tm

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BM
CC QUI LUT NG DNG
ng dng lu lng

QM n M DM

=
*
QN
n N DN
2

H M n M DM
*

=
H N n N DN

ng dng ct p

N M n M DM
*

=
N N n N DN

ng dng cng sut

Nguyn Hng Tm

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CHN BM

DA VO TNH CHT CA CHT LNG: lu nht, tp cht

DA VO H S QUAY NHANH nS (SI)

Trong Q= m3/s, n= rpm, H=mH20

ns =

3,65 * n * Q
H

V MT S YU CU KHC:

DA VO NG C TNH CA BM V C TNH H THNG:

Nh gn, t n, chi ph u t v vn hnh, bo dng

C cng dng ring: nh lng, o m..
TRNH CHN BM QU LN

Bm cnh dn ch yu dng cho bm nc, mt s hn hp c

nht thp

Nguyn Hng Tm

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CHN BM
CHN BM TH TCH HAY
CNH DN, (theo Ns)

Nguyn Hng Tm

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ns =

3,65 * n * Q
H

ns< 500:
ns = 500 - 4000:
ns = 2000 8000:
ns = 7000 20 000:

th tch
li tm
mixed Flow
hng trc

Nguyn Hng Tm

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CHN BM CNH DN
Chn bm Li tm, Hng trc hay hn hp (theo ns)

1- Canh li tam vi ns = 40-80,

2- Canh li tam vi ns = 80-150,
3- Canh dang Francis vi ns =150-300,
4- canh dang hon hp vi ns = 300-600,
5- canh dang hng truc vi ns = 600-1200
Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
BM U SONG SONG: nhm p ng yu
cu Q thay i
NHIU BM: ngng vi bm khi cn Q nh
Tng Q nh hn tng Q ca ring tng
bm
MT BM NH (pony pump) + BM LN
BM U NI TIP:
BM U HN HP:

tng H
tng Q v H

Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
Cc thi m t c tnh h thng
khi u nhiu bm, hay thay di n

Thay i s vng quay

Bm u song song

Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
iu chnh lu lng Q :

Thay i s vng quay ( theo quy lut ng dng)

S dng b bin tc ( Variable Speed Drives, VSD):

Nhm thay i tc lin tc
Nhm gim chi ph in ko bm
Hai dng VSD:

C kh: li hp thy lc ( hydraulic clutches), khp ni (coupling)

thy lc, bin tc ai (adjustable belts and pulleys).
in: li hp in (eddy current clutches), b bin tng (Variable
Frequencey Drives, VFDs)
Nh b VSD c th vn hnh hp l hn gip tit kim in,
gim chi ph u t bo dng, v khi ng mm hn
Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
iu chnh lu
lng Q :
S dng van u vo,
van u ra
Nhm gim Q nhng
tng H, khng gim N
lm hiu sut thp
Tng rung ng, mi
mn: tng chi ph bo
dng, gim tui th

( thi m t mt mt cng sut

khi s dng van)

Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
S dng van hi
( bypass valve): bm qua 2
ng dn: 1 ti ni s dng,
1 tr v ngun; Tn nng
lng cho phn cht lng chy
vng v ch

Tn tht do s dng van hi

Van ng m :
ngng bm khi khng cn
V d bm nc vo thng..
Thch hp khi s dng t
thng xuyn

Van Min, Max

V d bn nc

Nguyn Hng Tm

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VN HNH V IU CHNH BM
iu chnh lu lng
Q:
Bng phng php ct
bt ng knh ngoi
( Impeller trimming)
Ct ti a <25%D2
Q/Qcut = D2/D2cut
H/Hcut= (D2/D2cut)^2
N/Ncut= (D2/D2cut)^3
Nguyn Hng Tm

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So snh hiu qu gia cc phng php

Nguyn Hng Tm

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Mt s lu khi lp t vn hnh bm
Chn bm ng yu cu k
thut, v da vo ng
c tnh c bn ca bm.
Lp t ng ng ph hp
Cn lp t van mt
chiu ng ht v ng
y d dng khi mi
nc v khi ng bm.
Trc khi cho bm lm
vic phi mi bm.

Nguyn Hng Tm

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Kho nghim bm
Nhm xc nh Q, H, N, Hiu sut :
o lu lng : cn ong theo thi gian; bng phng
php l; siu m.

Nguyn Hng Tm

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Nguyn Hng Tm

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Sau khi hc xong, SV cn:

Phn bit c cc loi bm-phm vi s dng

Nm vng cu to-nguyn l hat ng
Nm c cc thng s hnh hc c tnh
Bit tnh v chn bm trong h thng
Bit cc phng php lp t v vn hnh, iu chnh bm.
Cc phng php kho nghim bm

Tho lun:
Bm l g, BEP, POP, cc phng php iu chnh Q ?

Nguyn Hng Tm

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