Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

PHNG PHP GII BI TP C TRNG V CACBOHIRAT

Dng 1: Bi tp v phn ng t chy cacbohirat
Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,5130 gam mt cacbohirat (X) thu c 0,4032 lit CO2(ktc) v 2,97 gam nc. X c
phn t khi < 400 vC v c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Tn gi ca X l
A. Glucoz
B. Saccaroz
C. Fructoz
D. Mantoz
Cu 2: t chy hon ton 0,9 gam mt loi gluxit thu c thu c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam H2O. Bit khi
lng phn t ca gluxit l 180 vC. Xc nh cng thc cu to dng mch h ca gluxit ?
A. CH2OH-(CHOH)4-CHO
B. CH2OH-(CHOH)3-CO-CH2OH
C.A, B u sai
D. A, B u ng.
Cu 3: Khi t chy mt loi gluxit, ngi ta thu c khi lng nc v CO 2 theo t l 33: 88. Cng thc phn t
ca gluxit l mt trong cc cht no sau y :
A. C6H12O6
B. Cn(H2O)m
C. (C6H19O50)n
D. C12H22O11
Dng 2: Bi tp v tnh kh ca cacbohirat
Cu 1: Cho 50 ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c
2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol/l ca dung dch glucoz dng l
A. 0,20M
B. 0,01M
C. 0,02M
D. 0,10M
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2007)
Cu 2: un nng 37,5 gam dung dch glucoz vi lng AgNO3/dung dch NH3 d, thu c 6,48 gam bc. Nng
% ca dung dch glucoz l
A. 11,4%
B. 14,4%
C. 13,4%
D. 12,4%
Cu 3: un nng 27 gam glucoz vi AgNO3/NH3 d. Lc ly Ag ri cho vo dung dch HNO3 c nng, d th sau
phn ng khi lng dung dch axit tng a gam. Gi s cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca a l:
A. 18,6
B. 32,4
C. 16,2
D. 9,3
Cu 4: Khi lng kt ta ng (I) oxit to thnh khi un nng dung dch hn hp cha 9 gam glucoz v lng d
ng (II) hiroxit trong mi trng kim l
A. 1,44 gam
B. 3,6 gam
C. 7,2 gam
D. 14,4 gam
Cu 5: Mt cacbohirat X c phn t khi 342, X khng c tnh kh. Cho 8,55 gam X tc dng vi dung dch axit
clohiric ri cho sn phm tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong amoniac, un nh thu c 10,8 gam Ag. X l
A. xenluloz.
B. saccaroz.
C. glucoz.
D. fructoz.
Cu 6: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l
A. 2,25 gam.
B. 1,80 gam.
C. 1,82 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2008)
Dng 3: Bi tp v phn ng thy phn cacbohirat
Cu 1: Thu phn hon ton 1 kg mantoz c
A. 1 kg glucoz.
B. 1,0526 kg glucoz
C. 2 kg glucoz.
D. 1 kg glucoz v 1 kg fructoz.
Cu 2: Thy phn 324 gam tinh bt vi hiu sut ca phn ng l 75%, khi lng glucoz thu c l
A. 250 gam.
B. 300 gam.
C. 360 gam.
D. 270 gam.
Cu 3: Khi lng saccaroz thu c t 1 tn nc ma cha 13% saccaroz, vi hiu sut thu hi t 80% l
A. 104 kg
B. 140 kg
C. 105 kg
D. 106 kg
Cu 4: Thy phn hon ton 3,42 gam saccaroz trong mi trng axit, thu c dung dch X. Cho ton b dung
dch X phn ng ht vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 43,20
B. 4,32
C. 2,16
D. 21,60
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2010)
Cu 5: Thy phn hn hp gm 0,02 mol saccaroz v 0,01 mol mantoz mt thi gian thu c dung dch X (hiu
sut phn ng thy phn mi cht u 75%). Khi cho ton b X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong
NH3 th lng Ag thu c l
A. 0,090 mol
B. 0,12 mol
C. 0,095 mol
D. 0,06 mol
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2011)
Dng 4: Bi tp v phn ng ln men ca glucoz
Cu 1: Khi ln men 360 gam glucoz vi hiu sut 100%, khi lng ancol etylic thu c l
A. 184 gam.
B. 276 gam.
C. 92 gam.
D. 138 gam.
Cu 2: Khi ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 80%, ta c 368 gam ancol etylic. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1440
B. 1800
C. 1120
D. 900
Cu 3: Khi lng ru etylic thu c khi cho ln men 10 tn bt ng cc cha 80% tinh bt vi hiu sut 37,5%
l (tn):
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Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

A. 92
B. 9,2
C. 1,704
D. 17,04
Cu 4: Ln men dung dch cha 300 gam glucoz thu c 92 gam ancol etylic. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men to
thnh ancol etylic l
A. 54%
B. 40%
C. 80%
D. 60%
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2011)
Cu 5: Mun iu ch 2 lt dung dch C 2H5OH 4M, ta dng a gam b ma (cha 40% xenluloz). Bit hiu sut ca
c qu trnh iu ch l 80%, gi tr ca a l:
A. 2025
B. 324
C. 1296
D. 810
o
Cu 6: Cho 2,5 kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru. Tnh th tch ru 40 thu c, bit ru
nguyn cht c khi lng ring 0,8 g/ml v trong qu trnh ch bin, ru b hao ht mt 10%.
A. 3194,4 ml.
B. 2500,0 ml.
C. 2875,0 ml.
D. 2300,0 ml.
3
0
Cu 7: Cho ln men 1 m nc r ng glucoz thu c 60 lit cn 96 . Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic
0
bng 0,789 g/ml 20 C v hiu sut qu trnh ln men t 80%. Khi lng glucoz c trong thng nc r glucoz
l bao nhiu kilogam?
A. 71 kg
B. 74 kg
C. 89 kg
D. 111 kg
0
Cu 8: Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ancol etylic 46 l (bit hiu sut
ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml)
A. 5,4 kg
B. 5,0 kg
C. 6,0 kg
D. 4,5 kg
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2008)
Cu 9: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO 2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong, thu
c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi lng dung dch nc vi trong
ban u. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20,0
B. 30,0
C. 13,5
D. 15,0
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2009)
Cu 10: Ancol etylic c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu sut ton b qu trnh l 90%,
Hp th ton b lng CO2, sinh ra khi ln men m gam tinh bt vo nc vi trong , thu c 330 gam kt ta v
dung dch X. Bit khi lng X gim i so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u l 132 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 405
B. 324
C. 486
D.297
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011)
Cu 11: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO 2 sinh ra c hp th
hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c
100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 550
B. 810
C. 750
D. 650
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2007)
Cu 12: Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO2 sinh ra trong qu trnh ny c
hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l 75% th gi tr
ca m l
A. 60
B. 58
C. 30
D. 48
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2009)
Cu 13: Cho glucoz ln men vi hiu sut 70% hp th ton b sn phm kh thot ra vo 2 lit dung dch NaOH
0,5M (D = 1,05g/ml) thu c dung dch cha hai mui vi tng nng l 3,21%. Khi lng glucoz dng l:
A. 67,5 gam
B. 96,43 gam
C. 135 gam
D. 192,86 gam
Cu 14: T 180 gam glucoz, bng phng php ln men ru, thu c a gam ancol etylic (hiu sut 80%). Oxi
ha 0,1a gam ancol etylic bng phng php ln men gim, thu c hn hp X. trung ha hn hp X cn 720
ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men gim l
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 10%
D. 20%
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2010)
Cu 15: C th tng hp ru etylic t CO2 theo s sau:
CO2 Tinh bt
Glucoz
Ru etylic
Tnh th tch CO2 sinh ra km theo s to thnh ru etylic nu CO 2 lc u dng l 1120 lit (ktc) v hiu sut
ca mi qu trnh ln lt l 50%; 75%; 80%.
A. 373,3 lit
B. 280 lit
C. 149,3 lit
D. 112 lit
Dng 5: Bi tp v cc phn ng iu ch sn phm ng dng ca cacbohirat
Cu 1: T 16,20 tn xenluloz ngi ta sn xut c m tn xenluloz trinitrat (H=90%). Gi tr ca m l:
A. 26,73
B. 33,00
C. 25,46
D. 29,70
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2008)
Cu 2: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric c, nng. c
29,7 kg xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch m kg axit nitric (hiu sut phn ng 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 30
B. 10
C. 21
D. 42
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Kha hc LTH m bo mn Ha Thy Ngc

Phng php gii bi tp c trng v Cacbohidrat

(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi B 2007)

Cu 3: Dng 340,1 kg xenluloz v 420 kg HNO3 nguyn cht c th thu c bao nhiu tn xenluloz trinitrat,
bit s hao ht trong qu trnh sn xut l 20%?
A. 0,75 tn
B. 0,6 tn
C. 0,5 tn
D. 0,85 tn
Cu 4: Th tch ca dung dch axit nitric 63% (D = 1,4 g/ml) cn va sn xut c 59,4 kg xenluloz trinitrat
(hiu sut 80%) l
A. 42,34 lt
B. 42,86 lt
C. 34,29 lt
D. 53,57 lt
(Trch thi tuyn sinh Cao ng 2009)
Cu 5: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t phn ng gia axit nitric vi xenluloz (hiu sut phn ng 60% tnh
theo xenluloz). Nu dng 2 tn xenluloz th khi lng xenluloz trinitrat iu ch c l
A. 2,20 tn
B. 1,10 tn
C. 2,97 tn
D. 3,67 tn
(Trch thi tuyn sinh H C khi A 2011)
Cu 6: Khi cho xenluloz phn ng vi anhirit axetic c cht xc tc l H 2SO4 c th thu c 11,1 gam hn hp
A gm xenluloz triaxetat v xenluloz iaxetat v gii phng 6,6 gam axit axetic. Phn trm theo khi lng ca
xenluloz iaxetat trong hn hp X l:
A. 77,8 %
B. 72,5 %
C. 22,2 %
D. 27,5 %
Cu 7: T glucoz, c th iu ch cao su buna theo s sau y:
glucoz
ancol etylic
cao su Buna
1,3 ien
buta
Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh iu ch l 75%, mun thu c 32,4 kg cao su th khi lng glucoz cn dng l
A. 144 kg.
B. 108 kg.
C. 81 kg.
D. 96 kg.

Gio vin: V Khc Ngc

Ngun:
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PHNG PHP GII BI TP C TRNG V

Dng 1: Bi tp v phn ng t chy cacbohirat
1D
2D
3D
Dng 2: Bi tp v tnh kh ca cacbohirat
1A
2B
3A
4C
5B

6A

Dng 3: Bi tp v phn ng thy phn cacbohirat

1B
2D
3A
4B
5C
Dng 4: Bi tp v phn ng ln men ca glucoz
1A
2D
3C
4D
5A
11C
12D
13B
14B
15D

6C

7D

8D

9D

10A

Dng 5: Bi tp v cc phn ng iu ch sn phm ng dng ca cacbohirat

1A
2C
3C
4D
5A
6C
7A

Gio vin: V Khc Ngc

Ngun:
Hocmai.vn

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit

Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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