Bai Tap Boi Duong Kien Thuc Lop 11 Nang Cao

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh
Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 c bn + nng cao
Chng 1: S IN LI
Bi ton 1: CHT IN LI MNH
Bi 1. Vit phng trnh cht in li mnh:
Axit : HCl, H2SO4 , HNO3 ...
trnh
HCl H+ + Cl
cht
H2SO4 2H+ + SO42(nu
Bazo : NaOH, Ca(OH)2 ...
NaOH Na+ + OH Ca(OH)2 Ca2+ + 2OH Mui : NaCl, CaCl2 , Al2(SO4)3
NaCl Na+ + ClK3P
CaCl2 Ca2+ + 2Cl Al2(SO4)3 2Al3+ + 3SO422. Xc nh nng mol ion:
B1: Tnh s mol cht in li
B2: Vit phng trnh in li, biu din s mol ln phng trnh in li
Al2(
n
B3: Tnh nng mol ion : CM
V
1.1. Vit
phng
in li cc
sau y
c ) :
1.
HClO4
2.
Sr(OH)2
3.
O4
4.
BaCl2 5.
AgCl 6.
Fe(OH)3
7.
SO4)3 8.
KMnO4
9.
KOH 10.
HNO3 11. BaSO4

Bi 1.2. Vit cng thc ca cht m khi in li to ra cc ion :
a. K+ v CrO42- b. Fe3+ v NO3-c. Mg2+ v MnO4d. Al3+ v SO42...............................................................................................................................................................................
.
Bi 1.3. Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch sau :
a. 100 ml dung dch cha 4,26 gam Al(NO3)3
b. 0,2 lt dung dch c cha 11,7 gam NaCl
Bi 1.4. Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch thu c khi :
a. Trn 200 ml dung dch NaCl 2M vi 200 ml dung dch CaCl2 0,5M
b. Trn 400 ml dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 0,2M vi 100 ml dung dch FeCl3 0,3M
c. Trn 200 ml dung dch cha 12 gam MgSO4 v 300 ml dung dch cha 34,2 gam Al2(SO4)3
Bi 1.5. a). Ha tan 12,5 gam tinh th CuSO4.5H2O trong nc thnh 200 ml dung dch . Tnh nng mol
cc ion trong dung dch thu c .
b). Ha tan 8,08 gam Fe(NO3)3 .9H2O trong nc thnh 500 ml dung dch . Tnh nng mol cc ion
trong dung dch thu c .
Bi 1.6. a). Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M c cha s mol H+ bng s mol H+ c trong 0,3 lt dung dch
HNO3 0,2M .
b). Cn bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 2M trn vi 180 ml dung dch H2SO4 3M c mt dung dch
c nng mol ca H+ l 4,5M . Cho bit H2SO4 in li hon ton.
Cu 1: Cu no di y l ng khi ni v s in li
A. S in li l s ha tan mt cht vo nc to ra dd .
B.S in li l s phn li 1 cht di tc dng ca dng in .
C.S in li l s phn li 1 cht thnh ion dng v ion m khi cht tan trong nc.
D.S in li thc cht l qu trnh oxi ha kh.
Cu 2: Cc dd axit, baz, mui dn in c l do trong dd ca chng c cc
A. ion tri du
B. anion
C. cation
D. cht
Cu 3: Cho cc cht di y HNO3, NaOH, Ag2SO4, NaCl, H2SO3, CuSO4, Cu(OH)2. Cc cht in li mnh l:
A.NaOH, Ag2SO4, NaCl, H2SO3
B.HNO3, NaOH, NaCl, CuSO4
C.NaCl, H2SO3, CuSO4
D.Ag2SO4, NaCl, CuSO4, Cu(OH)2
Cu 4: Cc dung dch sau y c cng nng 0,10 mol / l ,dung dch no dn in km nht
A. HCl
B. HF
C.HI
D. HBr
Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

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Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng
Cu 5: Nc ng vai tr g trong qu trnh in li cc cht tan trong nc ?

A. Mi trng in li
B. Dung mi khng phn cc
C. Dung mi phn cc
D. To lin kt hidro vi cc cht tan
Cu 6: Trng hp no sau y dn in c:
A. Nc ct. B. NaOH rn khan.
C. Kh hiroclorua.
D. Nc bin.
Cu 7: Dung dch no sau y khng dn in c?
A. HBr trong nc.
B. Ru etylic trong xng.
C. CH3COONa trong nc.
D. NaHSO4 trong nc.
Cu 8: Trn 100ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,5M vi 100ml dd KOH 0,5M c dd A . Nng mol/l ca ion OH- trong dd A l
A. 0,65M
B. 0,55M
C. 0,75M
D. 1,5M
Cu 9: Cht khng in ly l :
A. NaCl
B. NaOH
C. HCl
D. C2H5OH
Cu 10: Cht in ly mnh l :
A. CH3COOH
B. Cl2
C. KOH
D. Cu(OH)2
Cu 11: Dung dch CH3COOH c :
A. CH3COOB. H+
C. CH3COO-, H+
D. CH3COO-, H+,CH3COOH
+
2Cu 12: 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,2M c s mol ca ion H v SO4 ln lt l:
A. 0,02 v 0,01
B. 0,04 v 0,02
C. 0,02 v 0,02
D. 0,2 v 0,4
Cu 13: Trong b ba cc cht sau, b ba no u khng phi l cht in ly
A. NaCl, KMnO4, Na2CO3.
B. NaCl, ete, KMnO4.
C. Saccaroz, ete, ru etylic.
D. NaOH, CO 2, Na2CO3
Cu 14: Trong 200 ml dd c cha 20,2g KNO3. Hy cho bit [K+] v [NO3-] trong dd ln lt l:
A. 1M ; 1M
B. 0,1M ; 0,1M
C. 0,5M; 0,4 M
D. 0,2M; 0,2 M
Cu 15: [K+] v [CO32-] c trong dd K2CO3 0,05M ln lt l:
A. 0,1 M; 0,05M
B. 0,2M ; 0,3 M
C. 0,05M ; 0,1M
D. 0,05M; 0,05M
Cu 16: Cho cc cht sau: (I) HCl; (II) KOH; (III) NaCl; (IV) CH 3COOH. Cht in ly mnh gm:
A. I, II, III.
B. I, II, IV.
C. II, III, IV.
D. I, III, IV.
Cu 17: Ha tan 5,85g NaCl vo nc c 0,5 lit dung dch NaCl. Dung dch ny c nng
A. 1M.
B. 0,5M.
C. 0,2M.
D. 0,4M.
Cu 18: Cho cc cht: a) H2SO4; b) Ba(OH)2; c) H2S; d) CH3COOH; e) NaNO3. Cht in li mnh gm:
A. a, b, c
B. a, c, d
C. b, c, e
D. a, b, e
Cu 19: Trn 150ml dd MgCl2 0,5M vi 50ml dd NaCl 1M th nng ion Cl- c trong dd to thnh l:
A. 0,5M
B. 1M
C. 1,5M
D. 2M
Cu 20: C 100 ml dd Ba(OH)2 1M, thm vo 200ml nc nguyn cht th c dd X, [OH -] trong X l:
A. 1M
B. 2/3M
C. 1/3M
D. 2M.
Cu 21: Khi ni v s in li pht biu no sau y ng ?
A. S in li l s ho tan mt cht vo nc to thnh dd.
B. S in li l qtrnh phn li
cc cht trong nuc ra ion.

C. S in li l s phn li mt cht di t/d ca dng in.
D. S in li thc cht l qu
trnh oxi ho - kh
Cu 22: Cht no sau y l cht khng in li.
a) A. C6H6
B. HF
C. Na2CO3
b) A. NaCl
B. CH3COOH
C. H2SO4
D. Ca(OH)2
D. C2H5OH
Cu 23: Cho cc cht: H2O, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, CuSO4, CH3COOH. Cc cht in li yu l:
A. H2O, CH3COOH, CuSO4
B. CH3COOH, CuSO4
C. H2O, CH3COOH
D. H2O, NaCl,
CH3COOH, CuSO4
Cu 24: Cht no sau y l cht in li yu?
a) A. H2SO4
B. NaOH
C. H2O
D. NaCl
b) A. H2S
B. CaCl2
C. KOH
D. HNO3
c) A. H2CO3
B. HF
C. Fe(OH)3
D. C A, B, C ng
Cu 25: Dy cht no di y ch gm nhng cht in li mnh ?

A. HNO3, Cu(NO3)2 ,H3PO4 ,Ca(NO3)2
B. CaCl2, CuSO4, H2S, HNO3
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C. H2SO4, NaCl, KNO3 , Ba(NO3)2
D. KCl, H2SO4, H2O, MgCl2
Cu 26: Cht no sau y dn in tt nht?

a/ A. Nc ct
b/ A. NaCl 0.02M
B. C2H5OH
C. dd NaNO 3
B. NaCl 0,01M
C. NaCl 0,1 M
D. dd CH3COOH
D. NaCl 0.003 M
Cu 27: Cho cc cht: NaCl, Ba(OH) 2 , HNO 3 , AgCl, Cu(OH) 2 , HCl. Cc cht in li mnh l:
A. NaCl, Ba(OH)2, HNO3 , HCl
B. NaCl, AgCl, Cu(OH)2 , HCl
C. Ba(OH)2, HNO3, AgCl, Cu(OH)2
D, NaCl, Ba(OH)2, HNO3, H2SO3
Bi ton 2: NH BO TON IN TCH

B1: Pht biu nh lut:
- Trong dung dch cha cc cht in li, tng s mol in tch dng
v m lun lun bng nhau.
B2: p dng gii ton:
+ Cng thc chung:
Mol dt () Mol dt ()
+ Cch tnh mol in tch: ndt sochi dt. nion

+ Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch mmuoi mcation manion
Bi 2.1. Dung dch A cha Al3+ 0,1 mol, Mg2+ 0,15 mol, NO3- 0,3 mol v Cl- a mol . Tnh a .
Bi 2.2. Dung dch A cha Na+ 0,1 mol , Mg2+ 0,05 mol , SO42- 0,04 mol cn li l Cl- . Tnh khi lng mui
trong dung dch .
Bi 2.3. Trong mt dung dch c cha a mol Ca2+ , b mol Mg2+ , c mol Cl v d mol NO3a. Lp biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, v d
b. Nu a = 0,01 ; c = 0,01 v d = 0,03 th b bng bao nhiu ?
Bi 2.4. Mt dung dch c cha hai loi cation l Fe2+ (0,1 mol) v Al3+ (0,2 mol) cng hai loi anion l Cl- (x
mol) v SO42- (y mol) . Tnh x v y bit rng khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thu c 46,9 gam cht rn
khan .
Bi 2.5. (C 07) Dung dch A cha cc ion Al3+ = 0,6 mol, Fe2+ = 0,3 mol , Cl - = a mol, SO42- = b mol . C
cn dung dch A thu c 140,7 gam . Gi tr ca a v b ln lt l :
Bi ton 3. CHT IN LI YU
1. Vit phng trnh in li :
+ Axit : CH3COOH, H2S , H3PO4
* CH3COOH H+ + CH3COO* H2S H+ + HS- ; HS- H+ + S2* H3PO4 H+ + H2PO4- ; H2PO4- H+ + HPO42- ; HPO22- H+ + PO43+ Hirxit lng tnh : Al(OH)3 , Zn(OH)2 ...
Tnh bazo:
* Al(OH)3 Al3+ + 3OH* Zn(OH)2 Zn2+ + 2OHTnh axit:
* Al(OH)3 H3O+ + AlO2* Zn(OH)2 2H+ + ZnO222. Xc nh in li:
B1 : p dng CT tnh in li
n
C
so phantu dienli
dien li M dien li
so phantu hoa tan nhoa tan CM hoa tan
B2 : S dng phng php ba dng.
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AB
Ban u : a
in li :
x
Cn bng : a x

A B
0
0
x
x
x
x (M) .
x
a
* = 1 : cht in li mnh
* 0 < < 1 : cht in li yu
* = 0 : cht khng in li
Bi 3.1. Vit phng trnh in li ca cc cht sau trong dung dch :
1. Axit mnh H2SeO4 (nc th nht in li mnh)
2. Axit yu ba nc H3PO4 .
3. Hir xit lng tnh Pb(OH)2 .
4. Na2HPO4 .
5. NaH2PO4
6. Axt mnh HMnO4
7. Bazo mnh RbOH.
Bi 3.2. in li dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M c dung dch c [H+] = 1,32.10-3 M . Tnh in li ca axit
CH3COOH .
Bi 3.3. Tnh nng mol cc ion H+ v CH3COO- c trong dung dch axit CH3COOH 0,1M . Bit phng
trnh in li : CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+ v in li = 4%
Bi 3.4. Cho dung dch HClO c nng mol 0,01M, nng ny HClO c in li l = 0,172% .
a). Tnh nng cc ion H+ v ClO- .
b). Tnh nng mol HClO sau in li .
Bi 3.5. Ha tan 3 gam CH3COOH v nc c 250 ml dung dch, bit in li = 0,12 . Tnh nng
mol ca cc phn t v ion trong dung dch .
Bi 3.5. Mt lt dung dch CH3COOH 0,01 M c cha tng s 6,28.1021 ion v phn t CH3COOH . Tnh
in li ca axit ny .
iu cn nh :
- S phn t N = n . 6,02.1023
- cho lng ban u v lng cn li, nn s dng pp ba dng :
Ban u
in li
Khi cn bng
Bi 3.6. Trong 100 ml dung dch axit nitr nhit nht nh c 5,64.1021 phn t HNO2 v 3,6.1020 ion
NO2-.
a. Tnh in li ca axit nitr trong dung dch nhit .
b. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch ni trn .
Bi 3.7. Tnh nng mol ca cc ion H+ v CH3COO- trong 2 lit dung dch c cha 24 gam CH3COOH ha
tan . Bit in li ca axit l = 1,2%
Bi 3.8. Dung dch axit CH3COOH 0,6% c khi lng ring xp x 1 g/ml . in li ca axit = 1% .
Tnh nng mol ca ion H+ trong 1 lt dung dch .
Bi 3.9. Ha tan 3 gam CH3COOH vo nc c 250 ml dung dch, bit in li = 0,12 . Tnh nng
mol ca cc phn t v ion trong dung dch .
in li : =
Bi ton 4. HNG S PHN LI AXIT V BAZO

1. Hng s phn li axit:
HA H+ + AKa =
[ H ].[ A ]
[ HA]
* Ka ph thuc vo bn cht axit v nhit

* Ka cng nh lc axit cng yu
2. Hng s phn li bazo:
BOH OH- + B+
Kb =
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[OH ].[ B ]
[ BOH ]
* Kb ph thuc vo nhit , bn cht bazo

* Kb cng nh lc bazo cng yu
Lu : nng [] trng thi cn bng
Bi 4.1. Vit hng s phn li axit Ka v hng s phn li bazo Kb cho cc trng hp sau :
CH3COO- , NH4+ , F- , HF
Bi 4.2. C mt dung dch axit CH3COOH (cht in li yu) . Nu ha tan vo dung dch mt t tinh th
CH3COONa (Cht in li mnh), th nng H+ c thay i khng , nu c th thay i th no ? Gii thch .
iu cn nh.
- S phn li ca cht in li yu l mt qu trnh thun nghch dn n cn bng ng (cn bng in
li) Cn bng in li cng c hng s cn bng K v tun theo nguyn l L Sa t li .
- in li ch ph thuc vo nhit khi in li .
.
CH3COOH
CH3COO- + H+
[ H ][CH 3COO ]
[CH 3COOH ]
Khi ha tan cht in li CH3COONa vo dung dch th nng CH3COO- tng ln do s phn li :
CH3COONa Na+ + CH3COOV Ka khng i [H+] gim xung
Bi 4.3. Cn bng sau tn ti trong dung dch : CH3COOH

H+ + CH3COO- . in li ca
CH3COOH bin i nh th no ?
a. Khi nh vo vi git dung dch HCl
b. Khi pha long dung dch
c. Khi nh vo vi git dung dch NaOH
d. Nh vo dung dch vi git dung dch CH3COONa
Bi 4.4. Tnh nng mol ion H+ ca dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M , bit hng s phn li ca axit
Ka = 1,75.10-5 .
Bi 4.5. Tnh nng mol ca ion OH- c trong dung dch NH3 0,1M , bit hng s phn li bazo kb = 1,8.10-5
Bi 4.6. Trong 2 lt dung dch axit flohiric c cha 4 gam HF nguyn cht . in li ca axit ny l 8% .
Hy tnh hng s phn li ca axit flohiric .
Bi 4.7. Axit propanoic (C2H5COOH) l mt axit hu c, mui ca axit ny c dng bo qun thc
phm lu b mc . Hng s in li ca axit l Ka = 1,3.10-5 . Hy tnh nng ion H+ trong dung dch
C2H5COOH 0,1M .
Bi 4.7. Tnh nng H+ ca cc dung dch sau :
a. Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M . Bit Ka = 1,75.10-5 .
b. Dung dch NH3 0,1M . Bit Kb = 6,3.10-5 .
c. Dung dch CH3COONa 0,1M . Bit hng s bazo Kb ca CH3COO- l 5,71.10-10 .
k=
Bi ton 5. XC NH pH DA VO [H+] .
1. Xc nh pH ca axit:
B1 . Tnh s mol axit in li axit .
B2 . Vit phng trnh in li axit .
B3 . Tnh nng mol H+
B4 . Tnh pH pH lg[ H ]
2. Xc nh pH ca bazo:
B1 . Tnh s mol bazo in li.
B2 . Vit phng trnh in li bazo.
B3 . Tnh nng mol OH- , ri suy ra [H+] [H ].[OH ] 1014
B4 . Tnh pH .
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Bi 5.1. Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 1,46 gam HCl trong 400 ml .
Bi 5.2. Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 0,4 gam NaOH trong 100 ml .
Bi 5.3. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau :
1). HNO3 0,04M.
2). H2SO4 0,01M + HCl 0,05M .
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3). NaOH 10 M
4). KOH 0,1M + Ba(OH)2 0,2M .
Bi 5.4. Tnh pH ca dung dch to thnh khi trn 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M vi 400 ml dung dch NaOH
0,375 M .
Bi 5.5. Ha tan hon ton 2,4 gam Mg vo 100 ml dung dch HCl 3M . Tnh pH ca dung dch thu
Bi 5.6. Trn 40 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,25M vi 60 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M . Tnh pH ca dung dch thu
c .
Bi 5.7. Tnh pH v in li ca :
a). dung dch HA 0,1M c Ka = 4,75.10-5 .
b). dung dch NH3 0,1M c Kb = 1,8.10-5 .
Bi 5.8. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau :
a). Dung dch H2SO4 0,05M .
b). Dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,005M .
c). Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M c in li = 1% .
d). Tnh pH ca dung dch hn hp CH3COOH 0,2M v CH3COONa 0,1M . Cho Ka ca CH3COOH
l 1,75.10-5 .
Bi 5.9. Cho 1,44 gam Mg vo 5 lt dung dch axit HCl c pH =2
a. Mg c tan ht trong dung dch axit hay khng ?
b. Tnh th tch kh H2 bay ra (ktc)?
c. tnh nng mol/ lt ca dung dch sau phn ng (coi Vdd khng i)?
Bi 5.10.
a. (C Cng ng Tin Giang 2005). Trn 1 lt dung dch H2SO4 0,15M vi 2 lt dung dch
KOH 0,165M thu c dung dch E. Tnh pH ca dung dch E?
b. Trn 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,12M vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Tnh pH ca dung dch
thu c ?
Bi 5.11. Cho dung dch A gm HCl v H2SO4. Trung ho 2 lt dd A cn 400ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. C
cn dung dch to thnh th thu c 12,95 gam mui khan.
a. Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc axit trong dung dch A?
b. Tnh pH ca dung dch A?
Bi 5.12. (H Y H Ni 1999) in li ca axit axetic (CH3COOH ) trong dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M
l 1%. Tnh pH ca dung dch axit ny?
Bi 5.13. ( thi H khi B 2002) Cho hai dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 1 v pH = 2. thm 100 ml dung dch
KOH 0,1M vo 100 ml mi dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol / lt ca dung dch thu c?
Bi 5.14. (H Y Dc TP HCM 2000) Tnh in li ca axit focmic HCOOH. Nu dung dch HCOOH
0,46% (d = 1g/ml) ca axit c pH = 3.
Bi 5.15. (H S Phm H Ni 1 2000) Tnh in li ca axit focmic HCOOH trong dung dch
HCOOH 0,007M c pH = 3.
Bi 5.16. Cho dung dch CH3COOH c pH = 4, bit in li = 1%. Xc nh nng mol /lt
ca dung dch axit ny?
Bi 5.17.
a. ( 19, H Dc 1997, C Lng Thc- Thc Phm 2004) Cho dung dch HCl c pH
= 3. Cn pha long dung dch axit ny (bng nc) bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch HCl c pH = 4.
b. (H S Phm TP HCM 2000) Cho dung dch HCl c pH = 4. Hi phi thm mt lng
nc gp bao nhiu ln th tch dung dch ban u thu c dung dch HCl c pH = 5.
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Bi 5.18. (H Dc 1998) Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 (dung dch A). Cn pha long bao nhiu ln
thu c dung dch NaOH c pH = 11.
Bi 5.19. (H Kinh T Quc Dn 1999) Pha long 10 ml dung dch HCl vi nc thnh 250 ml dung
dch. Dung dch thu c c pH = 3. hy tnh nng ca HCl trc khi pha long v pH ca dung dch .
Bi 5.20. (H Thng Mi 2000) Pha long 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 vi 1,3 lt H2O thu c dung dch
c pH = 12. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 ban u, bit rng Ba(OH)2 phn li hon ton.
Bi 5.21. (H Thu li 1997) Dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH = 13 (dd A), dung dch HCl c pH = 1 (dd B).
em trn 2,75 lt dung dch A vi 2,25 lt dung dch B.
a. xc nh nng mol/l ca cc cht trong dung dch to thnh?
b. tnh pH ca dung dch ny
Bi 5.21. (H Quc Gia H Ni 2000)
a. Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08 M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch NaOH a
mol/lt thu c 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a ?
b. Trn 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,05 M vi 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 a mol/lt thu c
500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a?
c. (H khi B 2003) Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08 M v H2SO4
0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 a mol/lt thu c m gam kt ta v 500ml dung dch c
pH = 12. Tnh m v a ?
Bi 5.22. (Hc Vin Qun Y 2001) A l dung dch H2SO4 0,5M. B l dung dch NaOH 0,6M. Cn trn VA
v VB theo t l no c dung dch c pH = 1 v dung dch c pH = 13 (gi thit cc cht phn ly hon
ton ).
Bi 5.23. (HSP H Ni I 2001) Tnh th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,025M cn cho vo 100ml dung dch
gm HNO3 v HCl c pH = 1 pH ca dung dch thu c bng 2.
Bi 5.24. (H kinh t TP HCM 2001) Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M; HNO3 0,2 M; HCl 0,3M vi nhng
th tich bng nhau c dung dch A. Ly 300 ml dung dch A cho tc dng vi mt dung dch B gm NaOH
0,2M v KOH 0,29M. Tnh th tch dung dch B cn dng sau khi tc dng vi 300ml dung dch A c
dung dch c pH = 2.
Bi 5.25. (C 2004) Ho tan m gam BaO vo nc c 200ml dung dch A c pH = 13. Tnh m?
Bi 5.26 (CSP Qung Ninh 2005) Cho m gam Ba vo 500 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,04M th c mt
dung dch c pH = 13 . tnh m ( Coi th tch dung dch khng i )
Bi 5.26. (H Khi A 2006) Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn, sau mt thi gian thu c 4,96
gam cht rn v hn hp kh X. Hp th hon ton hn hp X vo nc, c 300 ml dung dch Y. vit
phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh pH ca dung dch Y.
Bi 5.27. (H khi A 2004) Cho 40 ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi
Ba(OH)2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c. Cho [H+].[OH] = 10-14
Bi 5.28. (C SP H Ni 2005) Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 13 (dung dch A).
a. Cn pha long dung dch A bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch B c pH = 12?
b. Cho 2,14 gam NH4Cl vo mt cc cha 300 ml dung dch B. un si sau ngui ri
thm mt t qu tm vo cc. Qu tm c mu g? ti sao?
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cao
Bi 5.29. (H khi B 2008) Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dung dch
NaOH nng a (mol/l) thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Ga tr ca a l (bit trong mi dung dch
[H+][OH-] = 10-14)
A. 0,15.
B. 0,30.
C. 0,03.
D. 0,12.
Bi ton 6. XC NH NNG MOL DA VO pH
1. Tnh nng mol ca axit:
B1 : Tnh [H+] t pH
- pH = a [H+] = 10-a .
B2 : Vit phng trnh in li
- T [H+] [ axit ]
2. Tnh nng mol bazo:
B1 : Tnh [H+] t pH , ri suy ra [OH-] .
- pH = a [H+] = 10-a
- [H+].[OH-] = 10-14 [OH-]
B2 : Vit phng trnh in li bazo .
- T [OH-] [bazo] .
Ch :
pH > 7 : mi trng bazo .
pH < 7 : mi trng axit .
PH = 7 : mi trng trung tnh .
Bi 6.1. Mt dung dch axit sunfuric c pH = 2 .
a). Tnh nng mol ca axit sunfuric trong dung dch . Bit rng nng ny, s phn li ca
H2SO4 thnh ion l hon ton .
b). Tnh nng mol ca ion OH- trong dung dch .
Bi 6.2. Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH pha ch 300 ml dung dch c pH = 10 .
Bi 6.3. Cho m gam Na vo nc, ta thu c 1,5 lt dung dch c pH = 13 . Tnh m .
Bi 6.3. Pha long 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 bng 1,3 lt H2O thu c dung dch c pH = 13 . Tnh nng
mol ban u ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 .
iu cn nh : khi pha long cht tan s mol khng thay i
Bi 6.4. V lt dung dch HCl c pH = 3 .
a). Tnh nng mol cc ion H+ , OH- ca dung dch .
b). Cn bt th tch H2O bng bao nhiu V thu c dung dch c pH = 2 .
c). Cn thm th tch H2O bng bao nhiu V thu c dung dch c pH = 4 .
Bi 6.5. Trn 250 ml dung dch HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch NaOH a (M), c 500
ml dung dch c pH = 12 . Tnh a.
Bi 6.6. Cn thm bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl c pH = 2 vo 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,05M thu c
dung dch c pH = 1,2 ?
Bi 6.7. Dung dch NH3 0,4M c pH = 12 . Tnh in li ca cht in li trong dung dch .
Bi 6.8. Tnh in li trong cc trng hp sau :
a). Dung dch HCOOH 1M c Ka = 1,77.10-4 .
b). Dung dch CH3COOH 1M , bit dung dch c pH = 4 .
Bi 6.9. a). pha 5 lt dung dch CH3COOH c pH = 3 th cn ly bao nhiu ml dung dch CH3COOH 40%
c khi lng ring D = 1,05 g/ml . Bit axit c Ka = 1,74.10-5 .
b). Tnh in li ca dung dch c pH = 3.
c). Ly 1 lt dung dch CH3COOH c pH = 3 ni trn, ha tan vo 0,1 mol HCl . Gi s th tch
dung dch khng thay i . Hy tnh pH v in li ca dung dch mi thu c .
Cu 1: dd H2SO4 0,005M c pH l
A. 2
B. 3
Cu 2: Hy ch ra iu sai v pH
A. pH = -lg [H+] B. pH + pOH = 14
C. 4
C. [H+] = 10 a th pH= a
-8-
D. 5
D. [H+]. [OH-] = 10-14

cao
Cu 3: Cho 100ml dd axit HCl tc dng vi 100ml dd NaOH thu c dd c pH=12. Nng mol/l ca dd NaOH ban
u l
A. 0,1
B. 0,2
C. 0,3
D. 0,4
Cu 4: dd HNO3 c pH = 3. Cn pha long dd trn bao nhiu ln thu c dd c pH=4
A. 1,5ln
B. 10ln
C. 2 ln
D. 5 ln
Cu 5: Nu trn 100ml dd KOH c pH=12 vi 100ml dd HCl 0,012M . Hi pH ca dd sau khi trn bng bao nhiu?
A. pH=5
B. pH=4
C. pH=3
D. pH=2
Cu 6: Mun pha ch 300ml dd c NaOH c pH=10 th khi lng NaOH cn dng l bao nhiu?
A. 11.10-4g
B. 11,5.10-4g
C. 12.10-4g
D. 1,25.10-4g
Cu 7: Dung dch X c pH =11 th :
+
A. H =10 -11 M
+
B. H
C.Lm qu tm ho
D.Khng lm i mu phenolphtalein
=10-3 M
Cu 8: Dung dch HCl 0,001M th :

A. pH=3 v lm qu tm ho .
B. pH=11 v lm qu tm ho xanh.
C. pH=3 v lm qu tm ho xanh.
D. pH=11 v lm qu tm ho .
Cu 9: Trn 100 ml dd NaOH 0,1M vi 100 ml dd H2SO4 0,1M thu c dd lm phenolphtalein ho :

A. hng
B. xanh
C. vng
D.khng i mu
Cu 10: Tron 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,15M vi 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,2M thu c
500 ml dung dch Z. pH cua dd Z la bao nhieu?
A. 13,87
B. 11,28
C. 13,25
D. 13,48
Cu 11: Tron 200 ml dung dch cha HCl 0,01M va H2SO4 0,025M vi 300 ml dung dch
cha NaOH 0,015M va Ba(OH)2 0,02M thu c 500 ml dd Y. pH cua dd Y la bao nhieu ?
A. 5,22
B. 12
C. 11,2
D. 13,2
Cu 12: Sc V lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dd Ba(OH)2 c pH = 14 c 3,94 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 0,448
B. 1,792
C. 0,763 hoc 1,792
D. 0,448 hoc 1,792.
Cu 13: Dung dch NaOH c pH = 11, cn pha long dd ny bao nhiu ln c dd c pH = 9?
A. 3 ln
B. 100 ln
C. 20 ln
D. 10 ln.
Cu 14: Cho 10ml dd HCl c pH = 3. Cn thm vo dd trn bao nhiu ml nc sau khi khuy u, thu c dd c
pH = 4?
A. 10ml
B. 90ml
C. 100ml
D. 40ml.
Cu 15: Trn 20ml dd HCl 0,05M vi 20ml dd H2SO4 0,075M. Nu coi khng c s thay i v th tch khi trn v
cc axit cho in li hon ton th pH ca dd thu c sau khi trn l:
A. 1,0
B. 2,0
C. 3,0
D. 1,5.
Cu 16: Dung dch HCl c pH = 3, cn pha long dd ny bng H2O bao nhiu ln c dd c pH = 4?
A. 1 ln
B. 10 ln
C. 9 ln
D. 100 ln.
Cu 17: Cho dd cha x mol Ca(OH)2 vo dd cha x mol H2SO4, dd sau phn ng c mi trng g?
A. axit
B. trung tnh
C. baz
D. khng xc nh.
Cu 18: Cho dd cha x gam Ba(OH)2 vo dd cha x gam HCl, dd sau phn ng c mi trng g?
A. axit
B. trung tnh
C. baz
D. khng xc nh.
Cu 19: Dung dch X c pH = 10, dd Y c pH = 3, iu khng nh no sau y l ng?
A. X c tnh baz yu hn Y
B. X c tnh axit yu hn Y
C. tnh axit ca X bng ca Y
D. X c tnh axit mnh hn Y.
Cu 20: Cho 50 ml dd HCl 0,12M vo 50ml dd NaOH 0,1M, pH ca dd sau phn ng l:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 7
D. 10.
Cu 21: Chn pht biu sai ?
A. dd CH3COOK c pH > 7
C. dd NH4Cl c pH < 7
B. dd NaHCO 3 c pH < 7
D. dd Na 2SO4 c pH = 7
Cu 22: Trong cc dung dch sau: K2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NHO4, Na2S c bao nhiu dung
dch c pH > 7
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 23: Cho cc dung dch mui sau: NaNO 3, K2CO3, CuSO4, FeCl3 , AlCl3 dung dch c gi tr pH
>7
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cao
A. NaNO3
B. AlCl3
C. K2CO3
D. CuSO4
Cu 24: Khi hon tan NaHCO3 vo nc, dung dch thu c c gi tr

A. pH = 7
B. pH < 7
C. pH > 7
D. pH khng xc nh
Cu 25: Cho cc dung dch sau y, chn nhn xt ng v gi tr pH.

1. NH4NO3
2. NaCl
A. 1,2,3 c pH > 7
3. Al(NO 3)3
4. K2S
B. 2,4 c pH = 7
5. CH3COONH4
C. 1,3 c pH < 7
D. 4,5 c pH = 7
Cu 26: Cho cc dung dch mui sau NaNO 3, K2CO3, CuSO4, FeCl3, AlCl3, KCl
a/ Cc dung dch u c gi tr pH < 7 l
A. CuSO4, FeCl3 , AlCl3
B. CuSO4 ,NaNO3 , K2CO3
C. K2CO3, CuSO4 , FeCl3
D.
NaNO3, FeCl3, AlCl3

b/ Cc dung dch u c gi tr pH = 7 l
A. NaNO3 , K2CO3, KCl
B. NaNO 3, KCl, CuSO4
C. NaNO3 , KCl, AlCl3, CuSO4
D.
NaNO3 , KCl
Cu 27: Cht no sau y khi cho vo nc khng lm thay i pH ?
A. NH4Cl
B. KCl
C. Na 2CO3
D. HCl
Cu 28: Hn hp mui no sau y khi ho tan trong nc to dung dch c pH khc 7

A. KNO3 v Na2CO3 ,pH > 7
B. NaCl v NaHCO 3, pH > 7
C. NaHSO4 v K2SO4, pH < 7
D. c A, B, C u ng.
Cu 29: Cho phn ng 2NO2 + 2 NaOH
NaNO2 + NaNO3 + H2O
Hp th ht x mol NO2 vo dung dch cha x mol NaOH th dung dch thu c c gi tr.
A. pH = 7
B. pH > 7
C. pH = 0
D. pH < 7
Cu 30: Cho hp th ht 2,24 lt NO2 (ktc) trong 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Thm tip vi
git qu tm th dung dch s c mu g ?
A. khng mu
B. mu xanh
C. mu tm
D. mu
Cu 31: Thm 10ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M vo 10 ml dung dch NH 4Cl 0,1M v vi git qu
tm, sau un si. Dung dch s c mu g trc v sau khi un si
A. thnh tm
B. xanh thnh
C. xanh thnh tm
D. ch mt mu
xanh.
Cu 32: Cho a gam Cu(OH)2 v dung dch cha a g H2SO4 th pH ca dung dch thu c l:
A. pH = 7
B. pH < 7
C. pH > 7
D. pH = 7 hoc 7
Cu 33: Ba dung dch sau c cng nng mol/l: NaHCO 3, NaOH, Na2CO3. pH ca chng tng
theo th t.
A. NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3
B. NaOH, Na 2CO3 , NaHCO3
C. NaHCO3 ,Na2CO3 ,NaOH
D. Na2CO3, NaOH, NaHCO3
Cu 34: Ba dung dch sau c cng nng mol/l: H 2SO4, Na2SO4, NaHSO4. pH ca chng tng
theo th t
A. Na2SO4, NaHSO4, H2SO4
B. Na 2SO4, H2SO4, NaHSO4
C. NaHSO4, H2SO4, Na2SO4
D. H 2SO4, NaHSO4, Na2SO4
Cu 35: Ba dung dch sau c cng nng mol/l: NaOH, NH 3, Ba(OH)2. Dd c pH nh nht l
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cao
A. NaOH
B. NH3
C. Ba(OH)2
D. NaOH v Ba(OH)2
Cu 36: Oxit ca nguyn t no sau y khi tc dng vi H 2O, to dung dch c pH > 7
A. Mg
B. Cu
C. Na
D. S
Cu 37: Dung dch X c pH < 7 khi tc dng vi dung dch Ba(NO 3)2 to kt ta, dd X l ?
A. HCl
B. Na 2SO4
C. H 2SO4
D. Ca(OH)2
Cu 38: Chn cu ng trong cc cu sau ?

A. Gi tr pH tng th axit gim
B. Gi tr pH tng th axit tng
C. dd c pH < 7 lm qu tm ho xanh
D. dd c pH > 7 lm qu tm ho
Cu 39: Trong dung dch Al2(SO4)3 long c cha 0,6 mol SO42- , th trong dd c cha.
A. 0,2 mol Al2(SO4)3
B . 0,4 mol Al 3+
C. 1,8 mol Al2(SO4)3
D. C A, B u ng
Cu 40: Vi dung dch NaOH 0,01M. th nhn xt no sau l ng ?

A. pOH = 2 v [Na+] < [OH-] = 10-2
B. pH = 2 v [Na +] = [OH-] = 10-2
C. pH = 12 v [Na+] > [OH-]
D. pH = 12 v [Na +] = [OH-] = 10-2
Cu 41: Pht biu no sau y sai?

A. dd c [OH-] = 10-12 c mi trng baz
B. dd axit HNO3 0,1M c pH = 1
C. dd axit yu HNO2 0,1M c pH = 1
D. dd axit yu HNO2 0,1M c pH > 1
Cu 42: Cho dung dch X c pH = 10, dd Y c pH = 3. iu khng nh no sau y ng?

A. X c tnh baz y hn Y
B. X c tnh axit yu hn Y
C. Tnh axit ca X bng Y
D. X c tnh axit mnh hn Y
Cu 43: Cho 150ml dd HCl 2M tc dng vi 50ml dd NaOH 5,6M. Dung dch sau phn ng c pH
l:
A. 1,9
B. 4,1
C. 4,9
D. 1,0
Cu 44: Khi trn 10ml dd NaOH c pH = 13 vi 10ml dd HCl 0,3M, thu c dd c pH bng:
A. 2
B. 1
C. 7
D.8
Cu 45: Trn 2 dd HCl 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M vi th tch bng nhau thu c dd c pH bng
A. 12,5
B. 9,0
C. 13,0
D. 14,2
Cu 46: Th tch dung dch HCl 0,2M cn trung ho 100ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,1 M l:
A. 50ml
B. 100ml
C. 200ml
D. 500ml
Cu 47: Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn cho vo 100ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v
Ba(OH)2 0,1 M c 1 dung dch c pH = 7 l
A. 100ml
B. 150ml
C. 200ml
D. 250ml
Cu 48: Th tch dung dch A (gm NaOH 0,2M v KOH 0,3M) cn cho vo 100ml dung dch
(gm H2SO4 0,1M v HCl 0,2M) c 1 dung dch c pH = 7 l:
A. 60ml
B. 120 ml
C. 100ml
D. 80ml
Cu 49: Cn thm bao nhiu ln th tch H2O (V2) so vi th tch ban u (V1) pha long
dung dch c pH = 3 thnh dung dch c pH = 4
A. V2 = 9V1
B. V1 = 1/3 V2
C. V1 = V2
D. V1 = 3V2
Cu 50: Cn pha long dung dch HCl c pH = 3 bao nhiu ln c dung dch c pH = 4?
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cao
A. 1 ln
B. 10 ln
C. 100 ln
D. 1000 ln
Cu 51: S ml nc ct cn thm vo10ml dd HCl c pH = 3 thu c dd HCl c pH = 4 l:

A. 90ml
B. 100ml
C. 10ml
D. 40ml
Cu 52: Nng H+ thay i nh th no th gi tr pH tng 1 n v ?

A. Tng ln 1 mol/l
B. gim i 1 mol/l
C. Tng ln 10ln
D. Gim i 10 ln
Cu 53: Trn 250ml dd KOH 0,01M vi 250ml dd Ba(OH) 2 0,005M th pH ca dd thu c l:

A. 12
B. 13
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 54: Phi ly dung dch HCl c pH = 5 (V1)cho vo dung dch KOH c pH = 9 (V2) theo t l
th tch V1/V2 nh th no c dung dch c pH = 8 ?
A. 1/10
B. 2/9
C. 9/11
D. 3/8
Cu 55: Trn 200ml dd HCl 1M vi 300ml dd HCl 2M c 500ml dd HCl c nng l:

A. 1,5 M
B. 1,2 M
C. 1,6 M
D. 0,15 M.
Cu 56: Thm 40 ml H2O vo 10ml dung dch HCl c pH = 2 thu c dung dch c pH l ?
A. 2,5
B. 3
C. 2,7
D. 4,2
Cu 57: Cn thm bao nhiu gam dd NaOH 10% vo20g dd NaOH 30% c dd NaOH 25%
A. 15g
B. 6,67g
C. 4g
D. 12g
Cu 58: Ho tan ht 19,5g K vo 261g H2O thu c dung dch c nng C% l ?

A. 5%
B. 10%
C 15%
D. 20%
Cu 59: Trn 100ml dd (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400ml dd (gm H2SO4 0,0375M v
HCl 0,0125M) thu c dd X gi tr pH ca X l ?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 7
D. 6
BI M RNG: IN LI V HNG S PHN LI.

Cu 4: Khi pha long dung dch CH3COOH 1M thnh CH3COOH 0.5 M
A. in li tng
B. in li gim
C. in li khng i
D. in li tng 2 ln
Cu 5: Khi thay i nhit ca mt dung dch cht in li yu (nng khng i)
A. in li v hng s in li u thay i.
B. in li khng i v hng s thay i.
C. in li v hng s in li u khng i.
D. in li thay i v hng s in li khng i.
Cu 6: Khi thay i nng ca mt dd cht in li yu (nhit khng i)
A. in li v hng s in li u thay i.
B. in li khng i v hng s thay i.
C. in li v hng s in li u khng i.
D. in li thay i v hng s in li khng i.
Cu 7: Khi pha long dd mt axit yu cng iu kin nhit th in li ca n tng . Pht biu no di y l
ng?
A. Hng s phn li axit Ka tng
B. Hng s phn li axit Ka gim.
C. Hng s phn li axit Ka khng i.
D. Hng s phn li axit Ka c th tng hoc gim
Cu 8: Cho cc axit sau: 1. H3PO4 (Ka = 7,6.10-3)
2. HOCl (Ka = 5.10-8)
-5
3. CH3COOH (Ka = 1,8.10 )
4. HSO4- (Ka = 10-2)
Dy no sau y sp xp mnh ca cc axit theo th t tng dn ?
A. (1) < (2) < (3) < (4)
B. (4) < (2) < (3) < (1)
C. (2) < (3) < (1) < (4)
D. (3) < (2) < (1) < (4)

Cu 9: Pht biu no sau y ng ? Vi dung dch cht in li yu:
A. in li v hng s phn li u ph thuc vo nng
B. in li v hng s phn li khng i khi thay i nhit .
C. in li v hng s phn li ph thuc vo nhit . in li ph thuc vo nng .
D. in li,hng s phn li ph thuc vo nhit .Hng s phn li ph thuc vo p sut.
- 12 -

cao
Cu 10: Trong dung dch CH3COOH c cn bng sau: CH3COOH
H+ + CH3COO-. in li
ca CH3COOH s bin i nh th no khi nh vi git dd HCl vo dung dch CH 3COOH ?

A. Tng
B. Khng bin i
C. Gim
D. Khng xc nh c.
Cu 11: in li ca axit yu tng theo pha long dung dch . Khi gi tr ca hng
s phn li axit Ka
A. Tng
B. Gim
C. Khng i
D. C th tng c th gim
Cu 12: Dung dch CH3COOH trong nc c nng 0,1M, = 1% c pH l:

A. 11
B. 3
C. 5
D. 7
Cu 13: in li ca dd HCOOH 0,007M , c pH = 3,0 l:

A. 13,29%
B. 12,29%
C. 13,0%
D. 14,29%
Cu 14: Hng s axit ca axit HA l Ka = 4.10-5. Vy pH ca dd HA 0,1M l:

A. pH = 2,3
B. pH = 2,5
C. pH = 2,7
D. pH = 3
Cu 15: Dung dch HCOOH 0,46% (D = 1g/ml) c pH = 3 in li ca dd l:

A. 1%
B. 2%
C. 3%
D. 4%
Cu 16: Cho hng s in li ca NH4+ l K NH +4 = 5.10-5 . Tnh pH ca dd gm NH4Cl 0,2M v NH3

0,1M ?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 8
Bi ton 7. AXIT , BAZO V CHT LNG TNH THEO HAI THUYT.

Thuyt A r ni ut (thuyt in li)
Axit l cht khi tan trong nc phn li ra H+ .
HCl H+ + Cl- .
Bazo l cht khi tan trong nc phn li ra OH- .
NaOH OH- + Na+ .
Thuyt Bron stt (thuyt proton)

Axit l cht nhng proton H+ .
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- .
Bazo l cht nhn proton H+ .
NH3 + H2O
NH4+ + OH- .
Hiroxit lng tnh khi tan trong nc va c th Cht lng tnh va c th nhng proton,
phn li nh axit, va c th phn li theo bazo.
va c th nhn proton .
Bi 7.1. a) Hy vit phng trnh ha hc m t tnh axit ca CH3COOH theo quan im ca A r ni ut
v quan im Bron stt . Vit biu thc tnh hng s phn li cho cc cn bng . So snh hai biu
thc tm c .
b) Vit biu thc tnh hng s phn li ca : NH3 , NH4+ , CO32- , HNO2 .
Bi 7.2. Trong cc phn ng di y, phn ng no nc ng vai tr l mt axit, phn ng no nc
ng vai tr l mt bazo (theo Bron stt).
1. HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl2. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 .
3. NH3 + H2O
NH4+ + OH- .
4. CuSO4 + 5H2O CuSO4.5H2O .
Bi 7.3. a). Theo nh ngha ca Bron stt, cc ion : Na+ , NH4+ , CO32- , CH3COO- , HSO4- , K+ , Cl- , HCO3l axit , bazo, lng tnh hay trung tnh ? Ti sao ?
b). Trn c s , hy d on cc dung dch ca tng cht cho di y s c pH ln hn, nh hn
hay bng 7 :Na2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NaHSO4 .
Bi 7.4. Khi tan trong nc cc cht hiro bromua (HBr), hi ro telurua (H2Te), etyl amin (C2H5NH2) c phn
ng sau y :
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cao
HBr + H2O H3O+ + Br- .
H2Te + H2O
H3O+ + HTe- .

(1)
(2)
C2H5NH2 + H2O
C2H5NH3+ + OH- .
(3)
a) . Cho bit cht no l axit, cht no l bazo ? Gii thch .
b) . Nc l axit, l bazo trong phn ng no ? Gii thch .
Bi 7.5. Qu tm s xut hin mu g khi cho vo cc dung dch : Na2S , NH4Cl . Gii thch .
Cu 1: Mui no sau y l mui axit?
A. NH4NO3
B. Na2HPO3
C. Ca(HCO3)2
D. CH3COOK
Cu 2: Hin tng xy ra khi thm t t dd Na2CO3 vo dd FeCl3 l:
A. c kt ta nu
B. c kh thot ra
C. c kt ta trng xanh
D. c kt ta nu v bt kh thot ra.
Cu 3: Dy cht no di y tc dng vi c dd HCl v dd NaOH?
A. Al(OH)3, Al2O3, NaHCO3 B. Na2SO4, HNO3, Al2O3 C. Na2SO4, ZnO, Zn(OH)2
D.Zn(OH)2,NaHCO3, CuCl2.
Cu 4: Nhn xt no sau y ng
A. Zn(OH)2 l axit lng tnh.
B. Zn(OH)2 l mt baz cht lng tnh.
C. Zn(OH)2 l mt hyroxit lng tnh.
D. Zn(OH)2 l mt baz.
Cu 5: Cho t t dd NaOH n d vo dd ZnSO4 th hin tng l
A. ch xut hin kt ta trng
B. xut hin kt ta trng ri tan ht
C. xut hin kt ta nu ri tan ht
D. ch cut hin kt ta nu .
Cu 6: Dy cht hay ion no sau y c tnh axit ?
A. HSO4- , NH4+, HCO3-
HSO4 , NH
B. NH4+ , HCO3- , CH3COO-
C. ZnO , Al2O3 , NH4+ , HSO4-
D.
+
4
Cu 7: Hiroxit no sau y l hyroxt lng tnh.

A. Zn(OH)2
B. Cr(OH)3
C. Al(OH)3
D. C A, B, C u ng
Cu 8: Khi cho NaHCO3 phn ng vi dd H2SO4 v dd Ba(OH)2 chng minh

A. NaHCO3 c tnh axit
B. NaHCO3 c tnh baz
C. NaHCO3 c tnh lng tnh
D.
NaHCO3 c th to mui.

Cu 9: Trong phn ng: HSO4- + H2O
H3O+ + SO42- . Nc ng vai tr
A. Mt axit
B. Mt baz
C. Mt mui
D. Mi trng.
Cu 10: Chn cu tr li ng, khi ni v mui axit

A. Mui axit l mui m dung dch lun c pH < 7 B. Mui axit l mui phn ng c vi baz
C. Mui axit l mui vn cn hyro trong phn t D. Mui axit l mui m anion gc axit
cn H phn li ra H+
Cu 11: Chn cu tr li ng, khi ni v mui trung ho ?
A. Mui trung ho l mui m dung dch lun c pH = 7
B. Mui trung ho l mui c to bi axit mnh v baz mnh
C. Mui trung ho l mui khng cn hyro trong phn t.
D. Mui trung ho l mui m gc axit khng cn H c kh nng phn li ra H+
Cu 12: Loi mui no sau y khng b thu phn ?
A. Mui to bi axit yu v baz yu
B. Mui to bi axit yu v baz mnh
C. Mui to bi axit mnh v baz yu
D. Mui to bi axit mnh v baz mnh
Cu 13: S thu phn mui amoni cacbonat s to ra?

A. Axit yu v baz mnh
B. Axit yu v baz yu
Axit mnh v baz mnh
- 14 -
C. Axit mnh v baz yu
D.

cao
Cu 14: Dung dch CH3COOH 0,01M c :

+
+
+
A. H = CH 3COOH
B. H = 0,01M
C. H < 0,01M
D. CH 3COO
Cu 15: Cho cc mui: CH3COONa, NaCl, ZnCl2, Na2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, KNO3
= 0,01M
a/ Dung dch c mi trng axit l:

A. CH3COONa, NaCl
B. NaCl, Na 2CO3, ZnCl2
C. ZnCl2, (NH4)2SO4
D. (NH4)2SO4 ,
KNO3, CH3COONa
b/ Dung dch c mi trng baz l:
A. CH3COONa, NaCl, Na2CO3
B. ZnCl2, Na2CO3, KNO3
C. CH3COONa, (NH4)2SO4, ZnCl2
D. Na2CO3, CH3COONa
c/ Dung dch c mi trng trung tnh l:

A. NaCl, KNO3
B. KNO3 , (NH4)2SO4, ZnCl2
C. NaCl, Na2CO3
D. NaCl ,
CH3COONa, KNO3
Bi tp m rng
Cu 16: Chn pht biu sai. Theo Bronstet th trong cc ion sau: NH4+, CO32-, HCO3-, H2O, Na+.
A. Axit l: NH4+ , HCO3-
B. Baz l: CO32-
C. Trung tnh l: Na+
D. Lng tnh
l: H2O
Cu 17: Theo Bronstet cc cht v ion thuc dy no sau y l trung tnh ?
a/ A. CO32- , Cl-
B. Na+, Cl-, NO3-
b/ A. Cl- , NH4+, Na+, H2O
C. NH4+, HCO3-, CH3COO-
D. HSO4- , NH4+, Na+
C. K+, Br-, NO3-
B. ZnO, Al2O3, H2O
D. Br-, NH4+,
H 2O
Cu 18: Theo Bron-stet ion c tnh axit l:
a/ A. HS-
B. NH4+
C. Na+
b/ A. Cl-
B. HSO4-
C. PO43-
D. CO32D. Mg2+
Cu 19: Theo Bron-stet th cu no sau y ng?

A. Axit hoc baz c th l phn t hoc ion.
B. Trong tphn ca axit
c th khng c hiro
C. Trong thnh phn ca baz c nhm -OH hoc khng c nhm -OH D. A v C ng
Cu 20: Theo Bron-stet, dy cht hay ion c tnh baz l:
A. CO32- , CH3COO- , SO32-
B. HSO4- , HCO3-, Cl-
C. NH4+ , Na+ , ZnO
D. CO32- ,
NH4+ , Na+
Cu 21: Theo Bron-stet c bao nhiu ion trong s cc ion sau l baz: Na+, Cl-, CO32- , CH3COO-,
NH4+, S2- ?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 22: Theo Bron-stet dy cht hay ion no sau y l baz?

A. NH3, PO43-, Cl-, NaOH
B. HCO3- , CaO, CO32- , NH4+
C. Ca(OH)2 ,CO32-,NH3, PO43-
D. Al2O3 ,Cu(OH)2, HCO3-
Cu 23: Theo Bronstet, ion Al3+ trong nc c tnh cht:

A. Baz
B. Axit
C. Lng tnh
Cu 24: Theo Bron-stet, ion no di y l lng tnh?
- 15 -
D. Trung tnh

cao
A. PO43-
B. CO32-

C. HSO4-
D. HCO 3-
Cu 25: Theo Bronsted, cc cht v ion thuc dy no sau y l lng tnh ?

A. CO32- , CH3COO-
B. ZnO, Al2O3 , HSO4- , NH4+
C. NH4+ , HCO3- , CH3COO-
D. ZnO, Al2O3 ,
HCO3- , H2O
Cu 26: Cho cc ion v cc cht c nh s th t nh sau:
1. HCO3HSO3
2. K2CO3
3. H2O
4. Cu(OH)2
5. HPO4-
6. Al2O3
7. NH4Cl
8.
Theo Bronsted, cc cht v ion lng tnh l:

A. 1,2,3
B. 4,5,6
C. 1,3,5,6,8
D. 2,4,6,7
Cu 27: Cho bit cc ion v cht no sau l lng tnh:HCO 3-,H2O,HSO4-,HS-, NH4+
A. HCO3- , HSO4-, HS-
B. HCO3-, NH4+, H2O
C. H2O , HSO4-, NH4+
D. HCO3-,
H2O, HS-.
Bi ton 8. PHN NG TRAO I ION .

B1 : Tnh s mol cht phn ng .
B2 : Vit phng trnh in li, ri suy ra s mol ion .
B3 : Vit phng trnh phn ng ion thu gn .
B4 : p dng cng thc gii ton .
Tnh pH ca dung dch : pH = - lg[H+].
nh lut bo ton mol in tch : moldt ( ) moldt () .
Bi 8.1. trung ha 50 ml dung dch hn hp 2 axit HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,75M th cn bao nhiu ml dung
dch NaOH 1,25M ?
Bi 8.2. trung ha 50 ml dung dch hn hp 2 axit HCl 0,3M v HBr 0,2M cn dng bao nhiu ml dung
dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,05M ?
Bi 8.3. Cn phi thm bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 0,2M vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M thu c
dung dch c pH = 2 .
Bi 8.4. Cn phi thm bao nhiu ml dung dch NaOH 0,15M vo 50ml dung dch HCl 0,2M thu c
dung dch c pH = 12 .
Bi 8.5. Cn phi thm bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 0,15M vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm 2 bazo
NaOH 0,1 M v Ba(OH)2 0,075M thu c dung dch c pH = 2 ?
Bi 8.6. Mt dung dch Y c cha cc ion Cl-, SO42- , NH4+ . Khi cho 100 ml dung dch Y phn ng vi 200
ml dung dch dung dch Ba(OH)2 thu c 6,99 gam kt ta v thot ra 2,24 lt kh (ktc) .
a). Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch Y .
b). Tnh nng mol ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 dng .
Bi 8.7. Dung dch A cha HCl v H2SO4 theo t l mol 3:1 . Bit 100 ml dung dch A trung ha va 50 ml
dung dch NaOH 0,5M .
a). Tnh nng mol mi axit .
b). Tnh khi mui thu c sau phn ng .
c). Hi 200 ml dung dch A trung ha va bao nhiu ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,2M v
Ba(OH)2 0,1M .
Bi 8.8. Ha tan 1,65 gam (NH4)2SO4 v 2,61 gam K2SO4 trong nc thu c 250 ml dung dch A . l
cc cht in li mnh .
a). Tnh nng mol cc cht trong dung dch A .
b). Ly 50 ml dung dch A tc dng vi 50 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M, lc, ra kt ta to thnh ,
thu c m1 gam kt ta v 120 ml dung dch A1 . Tnh m1 v nng mol cc ion thu c trong dung dch
A1 .
Bi 8.9. Thm t 400 gam dung dch H2SO4 49% v nc v iu chnh lng nc thu c ng 2 lt
dung dch A . Coi H2SO4 in li ha ton c hai nc .
- 16 -

cao
1). Tnh nng mol H+ trong dung dch A .
2). Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 1,8M cn thm vo 0,5 lit dung dch A thu c :
a). dung dch c pH = 1 .
b). dung dch c pH = 13 .
Bi 8.10. Hy tnh m v x khi :
a). Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c
nng x M thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12 . Hy tnh m v x .
b). Trn 300 ml dung dch c cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,025M vi 200 ml dung dch H2SO4
x(M) , thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH =2 . Hy tnh m v x .
Cu 1: Mt dd X cha 0,2mol Al3+, a mol SO42-, 0,25mol Mg2+, v 0,5mol Cl-. C cn dd X thu c m gam mui
khan. Hi m c gi tr bao nhiu?
A. 43g
B. 57,95g
C. 40,95
D. 25,57
Cu 2: Ion OH co the phan ng vi dy cac ion nao sau ay?
A. K+ ; Al3+ ; SO42B. Cu2+; HSO3 ; NO3

C. Na+; Cl-; HSO 4
D. H+ ; NH 4 ; HCO3
2
Cu 3: Ion CO3 khong phan ng c vi dy cac ion nao sau ay?
A. NH 4 ; Na+; NO3
B. K+; HSO3 ; Ba2+
C. HSO 4 ; NH 4 ; Na+
D. Ca2+; K+;
HCO3Cu 4: Co 4 dd ng trong 4 lo mat nhan la: (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ; NH4Cl ; Na 2SO 4 ; KOH. Chon
thuoc th nao e nhan biet 4 dd o?
A. Dung dch Ba(OH)2
B. Dung dch NaCl
C. Phenolftalein
D. Dung dch NaOH
Cu 5: Tron 200 ml dung dch cha HCl 0,01M va H 2SO4 0,025M vi 300 ml dung dch
cha NaOH 0,015M va Ba(OH)2 0,02M thu c m gam ket tua. Tnh m?
A. 0,932 g
B. 1,398 g
C. 1,165 g
D. 1,7475 g
Cu 6: Co hai dung dch X va Y, moi dung dch ch cha 2 loai cation va 2 loai anion
vi so mol a cho trong so cac ion sau: K + (0,15 mol), Mg2+(0,1 mol), NH 4 (0,25 mol),
2
H+(0,2 mol), Cl-(0,1 mol), SO42-(0,075 mol), NO3 (0,25 mol) , CO3 (0,15 mol). Xac nh
thanh phan cua moi dung dch?
2
A. X: H+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- va Y : NH 4 , K+, NO3 , CO3
2
B. X: H+, Mg2+, NO3 , CO3 va Y : NH 4 , K+, Cl-, SO42

2
C. X: H+, Mg2+, NO , SO42- va Y : NH , K+, Cl-, CO
3
3
D. X: K , Mg , NO , SO4 va Y : H , K , Cl-, CO3

+
2+
2-
Cu 7: Mt loi nc thi cha cc ion Na+, Ba2+, Ca2+, M2+, Pb2+, H+, Cl- . Mun tch c nhiu ion cation ra khi dd
m khng cn a ion l vo th ta c th dng cht no tc dng vi dd trn l ng nht.
A.DD Na2CO3 va .
B. DD Na2SO4 va .
C.DD NaOH va .
D. DD K2CO3 va .
Cu 8: Cho dd cha x mol AlCl3 tc dung vi dd cha y mol NaOH. khng c kt ta th iu kin cn v l:
A. y 4x.
B. y 4x.
C. y = 3x
D. y x.
2+
3+
Cu 9: Mt dd X cha 0,1mol Fe , 0,2 mol Al , x mol Cl- v y mol SO42-. em c cn dd X thu c 46,9g mui
khan. Hi x,y c gi tr l bao nhiu?
A. x = y = 0,267.
B. x = 0,15, y = 0,325.
C.x = 0,4, y = 0,2.
D.x = 0,2, y = 0,3.
Cu 10: Ion OH c th phn ng vi dy cc ion no sau y?
A. Ba2+; Na+; Cl- ; SO42B. Ca2+; Ba2+; NO3 ; ClC. Fe3+ ; HCO3-; Zn2+ ; NH 4
D. Ca2+ ; K+; NO3 ; Ba2+
Cu 11: Ha tan 1,7g NaNO3 v 2,61g Ba(NO3)2 vo nc c 100ml dd X. Nng mol/l ca ion Na+, Ba2+ v
NO3- trong dd X ln lt l:
A. 0,02M; 0,01M; 0,04M.
B. 2M; 1M; 04M.
C. 0,2M; 0,1M; 0,4M
D. 0,15M ;0.05M ; 0,02 M
Cu 12: Mt dung dch khng th cha ng thi cc ion sau:
2
2
A. NH 4 , CO3 ,SO 4 , Na
B. K+, Zn2+; Cl-, Br
3
3
2
2
2
C. Ag , Al , PO 4 , CO 3
D. Ba , Mg , Cl , NO 3
Cu 13: Cc ion no sau y khng cng tn ti trong mt dung dch?
A. Na+, Mg2+, OH-.
B. K+, Fe2+, NO3-.
C. Ca2+, Na+, Cl-.
D. Al3+, Cu2+, SO42-
- 17 -

cao

2
Cu 14: Dung dch X cha a mol Na+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl- v d mol SO 4 . Chn biu thc ng?
A. a + 2b = c + 2d
B. a + 2b = c + d
C. a + b = c + d
D. 2a + b = 2c + d.
Cu 15: C 4 l ring bit ng cc dd b mt nhn: AlCl 3, NaNO3, K2CO3, NH4NO3. C th dng dd no di y lm
thuc th phn bit cc cht trn?
A. NaOH
B. H2SO4
C. Ba(OH)2
D. AgNO3.
Cu 16: Cp cht no cng tn ti trong dung dch?
A. AlCl3 v CuSO4
B. NaHSO4 v NaHCO3
C. NaAlO2 v HCl
D. NaCl v AgNO3.
Cu 17: Phng trnh phn ng no sau y sai?
A. Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NaCl
B. FeS + ZnCl2 ZnS + FeCl2
C. 2HCl + Mg(OH)2 MgCl2 + 2H2O
D. FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S.
Cu 18: Trong 4 dy ion di y:
A. Fe3+,CH3COO-,H+,ClB. CO32-,NO3-,Al3+,Fe2+
C. PO43-,SO42-,Ag+,Ca2+
D. Ba2+,SO32-,NH4+,Cu2+
Dy no gm tt c cc ion d dng tch ra khi dd bng cch to kt ta.
Cu 19: Cho cc dung dch A,B,C,D cha cc tp hp ion sau:
A: {Cl-, NH4+, Na+, SO42-}.
B: {Cl-, Ba2+, Ca2+, OH-}.
+
+
+
C: {H , Na ,K , NO3 }.
D: {NH4+-, K+, HCO3-, CO32-}.
Trn hai dung dch vo nhau th cp no khng phn ng
A. A+B.
B. A+C.
C. C+D.
D. D+A.
Cu 20: Cc ion no sau y khng cng tn ti trong mt dung dch?
A. Na+, Mg2+, OH-.
B. K+, Fe2+, NO3-.
C. Ca2+, Na+, Cl-.
D. Al3+, Cu2+, SO42
Cu 21: Cp cht no sau y cng tn ti trong dung mt dung dch?
A. KOH v HCl
B. HCl, AgNO3
C. NaCl, NH4NO3
D. NaHCO3 v NaOH
Cu 22: Cc ion no sau y c th cng tn ti trong mt dung dch?
A. Cu2+, Cl-, Na+, OH-, NO3

B. Fe2+, K+, OH-, NH 4
C. NH 4 , CO3 , HCO3 , OH-, Al3+

D. Cu2+, Cl-, Na+, Fe2+, NO3 .
Cu 23: Trong 4 dy ion di y:
A. Ag+,CH3COO-,H+,ClB. CO32-,NO3-,Al3+,Fe2+
C. I-,SO42-,Na+,Cu2+
D. SO32-,S2-,NH4+,CO32-.
Dy no gm tt c cc ion d dng tch ra khi dd bng cch to cht kh.
Cu 24: Cp cht no sau y cng tn ti trong mt dung dch
a/ A. KCl v NaNO3
B. HCl v AgNO3
C. KOH v HCl
D. NaHCO 3
B. HNO3 v NaHCO3
C. NaAlO2 v KOH
D. NaAlO 2
v NaOH
b/ A. AlCl3 v Na2CO3
v HCl
Cu 25: Nhng ion no di y c th tn ti trong cng mt dung dch.
a/ A. Na+ ,Mg2+,OH-, NO3-
B. Ag+ , H+, Cl-, SO42-
C. HSO4- ,Na+,Ca2+,CO3-
D. OH-,
Na+, Ba2+ ,Clb/ A. Cu2+,Cl-,Na+,OH-,NO3-
B. Fe2+,K+,OH-,NH4+
C. NH4+,CO32-,HCO3-,OH-,Al3+
D.
Na+,Cu2+,Fe2+,NO3-,ClCu 26: Mt dd X cha 0,2mol Al3+, a mol SO42-, 0,25mol Mg2+, v 0,5mol Cl-. C cn dd X thu c m gam mui
khan . Hi m c gi tr bao nhiu?
A. 43g
B. 57,95g
C. 40,95
D. 25,57
Cu 27: Ion CO32- khng phn ng vi dy ion no sau y?
A. Ca2+, Mg2+
B. H+, NH4+ ,Na+, K+
C. Ba2+, Cu2+, NH4+, K+
D. NH4+,
Na+, K+
Cu 28: PT ion thu gn: H+ + OH- H2O . Biu din bn cht ca PHH no di y ?
A. HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl
B. NaOH + NaHCO 3 Na2CO3 + H2O
C. H2SO4 + BaCl2 2HCl + BaSO4
D. 3HCl + Fe(OH)3 FeCl3 + 3H2O
Cu 29: Phn ng no sau y l phn ng trao i?
- 18 -

cao
1. Zn + CuSO4 Cu + ZnSO4

2. AgNO3 + KBr KNO3 +
AgBr
3. Na2CO3 +H2SO4 Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
A. Ch c 1 v 2
B. Ch c 2 v 3
4. Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2
C. C 4 phn ng
D. Ch c 1 v 4
Cu 30: a/ Phn ng no sau y khng phi phn ng axit- baz?

A. H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O
B. 6HCl + Fe2O3 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
C. H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2HCl
D. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O
b/ (H - C - KB - 2007). Trong cc dung dch: HNO 3, NaCl, Na2SO4 , Ca(OH)2, KHSO4,

Mg(NO3)2 dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi dung dch Ba(HCO 3)2 l:
A. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2
B. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2
C. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4 , Na2SO4
D. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4
c/ (H - C - 2007). C 4 dung dch mui ring bit: CuCl 2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm
dung dch KOH (d) ri thm tip dung dch NH3 (d) vo 4 l trn th s kt ta thu c l:
A. 4
B. 1
C. 3
D. 2
Cu 31: (H - C - KA - 2007). Cho m g hn hp Mg, Al vo 250ml dd X cha hh axit HCl 1M v

H2SO4 0,5M,thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dd Y (coi V dd khng i). Dd Y c pH l:
A. 1
B. 6
C.7
D. 2
Cu 32: (H - C - KA 2007.) Dung dch HCl v dd CH 3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca 2

dd tng ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t CH 3COOH th c 1
phn t in li).
A. y = 100x
B. y = 2x
C. y = x - 2
2+
2+
D. y = x + 2
-
Cu 33: a/ Dung dch X c cha a mol Ca , b mol Mg , c mol Cl v d mol NO3- .Biu thc no
sau y ng ?
A. 2a - 2b = c + d
B. 2a + 2b = c + d
C. 2a + 2b = c - d
D. a + b = 2c + 2d
b/ Dung dch A c a mol NH4+, b mol Mg2+, c mol SO42-, v d mol HCO3- .Biu thc no
sau y ng?
A. a + 2b = c + d
B. a + 2b = 2c + d
C. a + b = 2c + d
D. a + b = c + d
c/ Dung dch X cha 0,1 mol Fe 2+, 0,2 mol Al3+, x mol Cl- v y mol SO42- . C cn dung
dch c 46,9 g cht rn. Vy x, y l:
A. x = 0,2; y = 0,3
B. x = 0,4; y = 0,2
C. x = 0,3; y = 0,25
D. x = 0,5; y =
0,15
Cu 34: Trn 100ml dd KOH 1M vi 50 ml dd H3PO4 1M th nng mol ca mui trong dung
dch thu c l:
A. 0,33M
B. 0,66 M
C. 0,44 M
D. 1,1M
Cu 35: Cho 200ml dd KOH vo 200ml dd AlCl3 1M thu c 7,8g kt ta keo. Nng mol ca
dung dch KOH l:
A. 1,5 M
B. 3,5 M
C. 1,5 M v 3,5M
D. 2 M v 3 M
Cu 36: Cho 2,17g hn hp gm 3 kim loi A, B, C tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 1,68 lt
H2 ( ktc). Khi lng mui clorua trong dung dch sau phn ng l:
- 19 -

cao
A. 7,945g
B. 7,495g

C. 7,594g
D. 7,549g
BI TP TNG HP
BI 15: Tnh nng mol ca cc dung dch thu c khi:
a. Trn 200 ml dung dch NaCl 2M vi 200 ml dung dch CaCl2 0,5M
b. Trn 400 ml dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 0,2 M vi 100 ml dung dch FeCl3 0,3M
c. Trn 200 ml dung dch cha 12 gam MgSO4 v 300 ml dung dch cha 34,2 gam Al2(SO4)3
BI 16:
a. Tnh th tch dung dch KOH 14% (D = 1,128 g/ml) c cha s mol OH- bng s mol OH- c cha
trong 0,2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5 M
b. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M c cha s mol H+ bng s mol H+ c trong 0,3 lt dung dch
HNO3 0,2 M
BI 17: Cho dung dch HNO2 0,1 M c hng s in li K = 0,0005 .
a. Hy tnh nng cc ion H+ , NO2b. Tnh in li ca dung dch ny
BI 18: 500 ml mt dung dch A c cha x mol Fe3+ ; 0,04 mol Na+ ; y mol SO42- v 0,09 mol Cl- . Nu c
cn dung dch ny th thu c 7,715 gam mui khan . Tnh nng mol cc ion Fe3+ v SO42- trong dung
dch
BI 19: Dung dch A c cha cc ion CO32- , SO32- , SO42- , 0,1 mol HCO3- v 0,3 mol Na+ . Thm V lt dung
dch Ba(OH)2 1M vo dung dch A th thu c lng kt ta ln nht . Gi tr ca V l :
A. 0,15
B. 0,2
C. 0,25
D. 0,5
BI 20: Cht no sau y khng dn in c ?
A. KOH nng chy
B. MgCl2 nng chy
C. HI trong dung mi nc
D. KCl khan
BI 21: Cht no di y khng phn li ra ion khi ha tan trong nc ?
A. MgCl2
B. HClO3
C. C6H12O6
D. Ba(OH)2
BI 22: C mt dung dch cht in li yu . Khi thay i nng ca dung dch (nhit khng thay i) th
:
A. in li v hng s in li u thay i
B. in li v hng s in u khng thay i
C. in li thay i v hng s in li thay i
D. in li khng i v hng s in li thay i
BI 23: Trong 1 ml dunhg dch HNO2 nhit nht nh c 5,64.1019 phn t HNO2 v 3,6 .1018 ion NO2a. Tnh in li ca HNO2
b. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch ni trn
BI 24: Cho V lt CH3COOH c 4.103 cation H+ ,4.103 CH3COO- v 2.106 phn t axit . Tnh in li ca
axit ny
BI 25: 10 ml dung dch axit HCOOH 0,3M c cha tng s ht l n0 (phn t v ion) Nu bit in li
ca axit l = 2% th n c gi tr bng bao nhiu ?
BI TP P DNG
BI 1: Vit phng trnh in li ca cc cht sau trong dung dch :
1. Axit H2SeO4 (nc th nht in li mnh)
2. Axit yu ba nc : H3PO4
3. Hidroxit lng tnh : Pb(OH)2
4. Na2HPO4 5. NaH2PO4 6. Axit mnh HMnO4 7. Bazo mnh : RbOH. 8 [Ag(NH3)2]2SO4
BI 2: Cho cc phn t v ion sau :
S2- , NH4+ , H2PO4- , HI , C6H5O- , NH3 , PO43- , CH3COO- , [Fe(H2O)]3+ , HSO4- , HS- , HSO3Theo thuyt Bron stet phn t v ion no l axit, bazo hay lng tnh ? Minh ha bng phn ng ca
chng trong nc .
BI 3: Trong cc cht di y, phn ng no H2O ng vai tr l mt axit, phn ng no H2O ng vai
tr l mt bazo theo Bron stet
1. HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- 20 -

cao
2. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
3. NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH4. CuSO4 + 5H2O CuSO4.5H2O
Bi 4: (H Thng Mi 2001) Ho tan m gam Ba vo nc thu c 1,5 lt dung dch X c pH = 13. Tnh
m?
Bi 5: Ha tan 4,48l HCl(ktc) vo nc c 2l dung dch a.Tnh pH ca dung dch A.
Cn pha long dung dch A bao nhiu ln c dung dch c pH = 5.
Bi 6: Cho 2 dung dch: X l dung dch HCl, Y l dung dch NaOH.
Ly 10ml dung dch X pha long bng nc thu c 1000ml dung dch HCl c pH = 2.
trung ha 100g dung dch Y cn 150ml dung dch X. Tnh C% ca dung dch Y?
Bi 7: Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c khi cho 1 lt dung dch H 2SO4 0,005M tc dng vi 4 lt dung dch
NaOH 0,005M
Bi 8: Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch NaOH aM
c 500ml dung dch c pH= 12. Tnh a
Bi 9: Trn 250ml dung dich hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H 2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 aM
th c m(g) kt ta v dung dch c pH = 12 (coi th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k). Tnh m v a ?
Chng 2: NIT PHOTPHO

Dng 1: Vit phng trnh phn ng chui phn ng
I. L thuyt:
- HS cn nm c tnh cht ha hc trong SGK.
- n li phng php lp phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng oxi ha kh bng phng php thng
bng electron.
II. Bi tp vn dng:
Bi 1: Vit cu hnh electron ca N, nhn xt xem N c th c nhng trng thi oxi ho no? Ti sao? Cho v
d minh ho.
Bi 2: a) Gii thch ti sao phn t Nit li gm 2 nguyn t? Vit CT electron v CTCT ca N2.
b) Gii thch ti sao N v Cl u c m in l 3.0 nhng iu kin thng N hot ng ho hc
km hn Cl. Ly v d chng minh.
Bi 3: Trn c s c im cu to nguyn t, cu to phn t ca Nit hy nhn xt v kh nng hot ng
ho hc v cc tnh cht ho hc ca Nit, ly v d minh ho.
Bi 4: Trn c s cu to phn t ca NH3 hy nhn xt tnh cht ho hc ca NH3, ly v d minh ho?.
Bi 5: Trn c s cu to phn t ca HNO3 hy nhn xt tnh cht ho hc ca HNO3, ly v d minh ho?.
Bi 6: Nu cch iu ch NH3 v HNO3 trong phng th nghim v trong cng nghip.
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Bi 8: Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra (nu c):
a. Fe3O4 + HNO3(l)
b. Ca3N2 + H2O
c. Ag + HNO3(l)
d. Al + HNO3(, ngui)
e. P + HNO3()
f. (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2
h. N2 + Cl2
g. NaNO3 + H2SO4()
k. FeCl2 + HNO3
1:2
l. H2SO4() + P
m. H3PO4 + NaOH
n.Ca3(PO4)2 + H2SO4
Bi 9: Hon thnh cc phng trnh ha hc sau
a. NH4NO2
N2 + H2O
b. NH4NO3
N2O + H2O
c. (NH4)2SO4 +NaOH NH3 + Na2SO4 +H2O
d. (NH4)2CO3 NH3 + CO2 + H2O
e. P + H2SO4 ? +? + ?
f. P+ HNO3 + H2O ? + NO
g. FexOy+HNO3 c
h. Al+ HNO3l ? + NO + H2O
i. Fe3O4+HNO3.n ? + NO2 + H2O
j. M + HNO3l
M(NO3)n + NxOy + H2O
Bi 10: Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng sau di dng phn t v ion thu gn, cho bit loi phn ng
v vai tr ca mi cht tham gia trong phn ng ho hc .
a) Fe + HNO3 (long) NO +.
g) Fe + HNO3,t0
.
0
b) Fe + HNO3,ngui .
h) FeS2 + HNO3,t
.
c) Fe + HNO3, ,t0
.
i) FexOy + HNO3 (long) NO +.
d) FeO + HNO3(long) .
k) M + HNO3,t0
M(NO3)n+.
e) Fe2O3 + HNO3 (long) .
n) As2S3 + HNO3 + H2O NO +.
Bi 11: Hon thnh chui phn ng sau : ( ghi y iu kin nu c )
a. NaNO2 1 N2 2 Mg3N2 3 NH3 4 Cu 5 Cu(NO3)2 6 Cu(OH)2 7 Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
8
CuO 9 N2
11
12
13
14
Fe(OH)2
Fe(NO3)3
Fe2O3
Fe(NO3)3
1
2
3
4
5
6
b. N2
NH3
NO
NO2
HNO3
NaNO3
NaNO2
7
HCl 8 NH4Cl 9 NH3 10 (NH4)2SO4
8
NH4NO3 9 Al(NO3)3 1 0 Al(OH)3 11 NaAlO2 12 Al(OH)3
c. (NH4)2CO3 1 NH3 2 Cu 3 NO 4 NO2 5 HNO3 6 H2SO4 7 NO
13
HCl 14 AgCl 15 [Ag(NH3)2]OH
+X
NO
+X
NO2
d. N2
H
2 M
e. oxi
+X
NO
g. oxi
Ca(NO3)2
P
2
axit nitric
+Z
NO2 H O Y
+X
axit nitric
f. Qung photphorit
X H 2O
+M
NH4NO3
3
axit photphoric
2
P2O5
canxi photphat
H3PO4
axit photphoric
(NH4)3PO4
canxi photphat
canxi ihirophotphat.
H3PO4
canxi ihirophotphat.
Bi 12: Thc hin cc bin ho sau:

0
H O
NH4NO2 t A 2 B 2 C 2 D Cu B NaOH
E F
Bi 13: Thc hin dy bin ho sau:

NH4NO3 NaOH
kh A O (xt ,t ) kh B O 2 kh C O2 ,H 2O E
FeCO (t )
Fe dung dch G H 2 SO 4 KMnO
4 dung dch H
dung dch F
So snh thnh phn dung dch F v H?
Bi 14: Vit phng trnh ha hc th hin dy chuyn ha (ghi y iu kin)
a/ N2 NO NO2 HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 NO2.
2
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canxi photphat

cao
b/ NH4NO3 N2 NO2 NaNO3 O2.
NH3 Cu(OH)2 [Cu(NH3)4]OH
c/ NH3 NO NO2 HNO3 H3PO4 Ca3(PO4)2 CaCO3.
d/ N2 NH3NONO2HNO3Cu(NO3)2CuOCuCuCl2Cu(OH)2 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
III. Bi tp v nh:
Bi 1: Nu cc cch c th c thc hin mi chuyn ho sau:
a) ? HNO
b) ? HNO
3 Fe(NO3)3
3 Cu(NO3)2
Bi 2: Cho Mg phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 long d, thu c dung dch A v hn hp kh X gm NO,
N2O. Cho dung dch A phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kh lm xanh giy qu tm m v mt cht
kt ta. Vit phng trnh ha hc dng phn t v ion rut gn.
Bi 3: Hon thnh chui phn ng:
1)
NH4NO2
(1)
N2
( 2)
NH3
(3)
NO
(4)
NO2
(5)
HNO3
(6)
NH3
(8)
Fe(OH)2
(7)
NH4NO3
Dng 2: Nhn bit cc cht

I. L thuyt:
- HS cn nm tnh cht ha hc.
- Thuc th nhn bit cc anion c hc: Cl-, SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, CO32II. Bi tp vn dng:
Bi 1: Bng phng php ha hc hy nhn bit cc cht sau
a. HNO3, NaCl, HCl, NaNO3.
b. (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, KCl, KNO3.
c. NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, NaNO3.
d. Na3PO4, NaCl, NaNO3, HNO3, H3PO4
Bi 2: Phn bit cc cht ng ring bit trong cc bnh khc nhau:
a/ Cc kh: N2, NH3, CO2, NO.
b/ Cht rn: P2O5, N2O5, NaNO3, NH4Cl.
c/ dung dch Na3PO4, NH3, NaOH, NH4NO3, HNO3.
Bi 3: Nhn bit bng:
a/ Cc dung dch : NH3 , (NH4)2SO4 , NH4Cl ,Na2SO4 .
b/ Cc dung dch : (NH4)2SO4 , NH4NO3, K2SO4, Na2CO3, KCl.
c/ Ch dng mt ha cht duy nht nhn bit cc dung dch mt nhn sau: NH 4NO3, (NH4)2SO4,
Na2SO4, NaCl
d/ qu tm Ba(OH)2, H2SO4, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NH3.
e/ mt thuc th: NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, Fe(NO3)3.
Bi 4: Tch v tinh ch:
a/ Tinh ch N2 khi b ln CO2, H2S.
b/ Tch tng cht ra khi hn hpp kh: N2, NH3, CO2.
c/ Tch tng cht ra khi hn hpp rn NH4Cl, NaCl, MgCl2.
III. Bi tp v nh:
Bi 1: Bng phng php ha hc hy nhn bit cc cht sau
a. HNO3, HCl, H2SO4, H2S.
b. KNO3, HNO3, K2SO4, H2SO4, KCl, HCl.
c. Mg(NO3)2, MgCl2, MgSO4, CuSO4, CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2.
Bi 2: Phn bit cc cht ng ring bit trong cc bnh khc nhau:
a/ Cc kh: NH3, SO2, H2, O2, N2, Cl2.
b/ Cht rn: NH4NO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3.
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c/ dung dch cha: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, H3PO4.
Dng 3: Bi ton v cht kh (N2, H2, NH3)

I. L thuyt:
- HS cn nm tnh cht ha hc v cch iu ch NH3 v mui amoni.
- Khi tng hp NH3 t N2 v H2:

N2 + 3H2
2NH3
+ C 1 mol N2 phn ng vi 3 mol H2 to ra 2 mol NH3 th s mol kh gim 2 mol.

+ Theo BTKL => mkh sau = mkh trc
- Phng trnh cht kh: PV = nRT
vi R = 22,4/273 ; T = 273 + toC
II. Bi tp vn dng:
Bi 1: Cho NH3 phn ng vi axit clohiric thu c mui. Mui ny phn ng va vi 500ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M
a. Tnh khi lng amoniac dng
b. Nu lng amoniac trn phn ng vi dung dch AlCl3 th thu c bao nhiu gam kt ta.
s: mNH3 = 0,85g
m = 1,3g
Bi 2: Hp th V lt kh NH3 (ktc) vo dung dch Al2(SO4)3 d thu c kt ta A. Nung kt ta A n khi lng khng
i thu c 1,08 gam cht rn khan. Tnh gi tr ca V.
Bi 3: Nhit phn dung dch ho tan 21,825 gam hn hp NH 4Cl v NaNO2 c t l s mol NH4Cl : NaNO2 = 3 : 4. Tnh
th tch kh N2 thu c (ktc)
Bi 4: Ho tan m gam hn hp NH4Cl v (NH4)2SO4 c t l s mol NH4Cl : (NH4)2SO4 = 1 : 2 vo nc c dung dch
A. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d un nng thu c 13,44 lt NH3 (ktc). Tnh gi tr m.
Bi 5: Cho m gam kali vo 600ml dung dch NH4Cl 1M thu c V lt hn hp kh (ktc) c t khi so vi hiro l 6,625
(V > 6,72lt). Tnh gi tr ca m.
Bi 6: Cho 400 ml dung dch hn hp Al2(SO4)3 v Fe2(SO4)3 c t l s mol Al2(SO4)3 : Fe2(SO4)3 = 1 : 2 tc dng vi
dung dch NH3 d. Lc kt ta nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 4,22 gam kt ta. Tnh nng
ion SO42- trong dung dch ban u.
Bi 7: Nung m gam hn hp gm NH4Cl v Ca(OH)2, sau phn ng thu c V lit kh NH3 (ktc) v 10, 175 gam hn
hp Ca(OH)2 v CaCl2 khan. hp th ht lng NH3 trn cn ti thiu 75ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Tnh gi tr ca m.
Bi 1: Cho mt hn hp kh gm N2 v H2 c t khi i vi H2 l 4,9 qua thp tng hp, ngi ta thu c
hn hp mi c t khi i vi H2 l 6,125. Tnh hiu sut phn ng tng hp NH3
Bi 2: Trong bnh phn ng lc u c 40 mol N2 v 160 mol H2 p sut l 400 at. Khi phn ng t trng
thi cn bng th N2 phn ng l 25%.
a) Tnh s mol mi kh trong hn hp sau phn ng.
b) Tnh p sut sau phn ng (nhit ban u v sau p khng i)
Bi 3: Cho hn hp N2 v H2 vo bnh phn ng c nhit khng i. Sau mt thi gian phn ng th p
sut trong bnh gim 5% so vi ban u. Tnh %V ca N2 v H2 lc u, bit N2 phn ng 10%.
HD:
Bi 4: (SBT 11) Cho 4 lt N2 v 14 lt H2 vo bnh phn ng. Sau phn ng thu c hn hp kh c th tch
bng 16,4 lt , bit cc th tch kh c o cng iu kin nhit , p sut. Tnh th tch kh NH3 to thnh
v hiu sut ca phn ng.
Bi 5: Trong mt bnh kn dung tch V lt cha 100 mol (N2 v H2) theo t l mol 1 : 4, p sut 200 at. Sau khi
tng hp a v nhit ban u th p sut l 192 at .
a) Tnh s mol hn hp kh sau phn ng.
b) Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng tng hp
Bi 6: Hn hp kh N2 v H2 ly theo t l 1:3 v th tch c cho vo bnh phn ng c dung tch l 20 lit.
p sut lc u l 4,2 atm, nhit 136,50 C
a. Tnh s mol N2, H2 ban u
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b. Tnh s mol cc cht sau phn ng. Bit hiu sut phn ng l 20%
Bi 7: Cho 4,48 lit kh NH3 vo l cha 8,96 lit Cl2
a. Tnh % V ca hn hp kh thu c
b. Nu th tch ca NH3 ban u l 8,96 lit th sau phn ng thu c nhng cht g? Khi lng bao
nhiu?
Bi 8: Mt hn hp gm hai kh nit v hiro tng s l 10mol, c t khi i vi hiro l 4,9. Cho hn hp
i qua cht xc tc c nhit v p sut thch hp, ta c hn hp mi, s mol nit tham gia l 1 mol.
Tnh hiu sut phn ng nit chuyn thnh NH3
Bi 9: Mt mu hn hp kh gm N2 v H2 c t l s mol l 1:3 c ly vo bnh phn ng c dung tch 20
lit. p sut ca hn hp kh lc u l 372 atm v nhit l 4270 C.
a. Tnh s mol N2 v H2 c lc u
b. Tnh s mol cc kh trong hn hp sau phn ng, bit hiu sut ca phn ng tng hp l 20%
c. Tnh p sut ca hn hp kh sau phn ng, bit nhit trong bnh c gi khng i
Bi 10: Mt mu hn hp kh thp tng hp ra c dn i qua dung dch H2SO4 long th th tch gim i
20%. C bao nhiu % th tch N2 v H2 trong mu ? Bit rng hn hp N2 v H2 lc u c ly theo
ng t l ca cc cht trong phn ng.
Bi 11: Phi dng bao nhiu lt kh N2 v H2 thu c 17g NH3 . Bit hiu sut l 25 %.
Bi 12: Nung nng hh gm 4 lit N2 v 13 lit H2 (c xc tc thch hp) sau phn ng thu c 15 lit hh kh.
Tnh th tch NH3 thu c v hiu sut ca phn ng tng hp NH3
Dng 4: Kim loi tc dng vi dung dch HNO3

I. L thuyt:
- HS cn nm vng cc nh lut:
+ Bo ton khi lng: Tng khi lng cc cht tham gia phn ng phi bng tng khi lng cc
cht to thnh sau phn ng.
+ Bo ton electron: mol e nhng = mol e nhn.
+ Bo ton nguyn t: mol nguyn t A trc phn ng = mol nguyn t A sau phn ng
+ Bo ton in tch: mol t (+) = mol t (-).
II. Bi tp vn dng:
Xc nh lng kim loi
Bi 1: Cho m gam Al phn ng ht vi dung dch axit nitric thu c 8,96 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO v NO 2 c t khi so
vi hiro bng 16,5 (khng c SPK khc). Tnh m.
HD: BT electron => m = 9,45 g
Bi 2: Ho tan hon ton m gam Cu vo dung dch HNO3 thu c 13,44 lt hn hp kh NO v NO2 (ktc). Khi lng
ca 1 mol hn hp kh l 122/3. Tnh m.
Bi 3: Ha tan hon ton 3,68g hn hp gm Zn v Al vo 250ml dung dch HNO 3 1M long va . Sau phn ng kt
thc th ch thu c dung dch cha ba mui v khng c kh thot ra. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng
ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
Bi 4: Ha tan hon ton 11,9g mt hn hp Fe v Zn vo dung dch HNO3 c ngui th thu c 3584ml kh mu nu
thot ra ( ktc ) v dung dch X..
a/ Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
b/ Tnh khi lng kt ta khi cho 96ml dung dch NaOH 2,5 M vo dung dch X.
Bi 5: Ha tan hon ton 1,86g hn hp gm Mg v Al vo 75,6g dung dch HNO 3 25%. Sau phn ng kt thc th thu
c 560ml kh N2O (spk duy nht) v dung dch X.
a. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
b. Cn bao nhiu ml dung dch NaOH 25% (d = 1,28g/ml) cho vo dung dch X th thu c: lng kt ta ln nht,
lng kt ta nh nht.
Bi 6: Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp Al v Cu vo dung dch HNO 3 c ngui th thu c 3584ml kh mu nu
thot ra ( ktc ). Nu cng cho lng hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl va th thu c 4032ml kh thot ra
( ktc ) v dung dch X.
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Bi 7: Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp Al v Cu vo dung dch HNO 3 long va th thu c 3584ml kh khng mu
ha nu trong khng kh thot ra ( ktc ) v dung dch X. Nu cng cho lng hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch
H2SO4 long th thu c 2688ml kh thot ra ( ktc ).
Bi 8: Ha tan 3 gam hn hp Cu v Ag trong dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c V lit NO (ktc). C cn dung dch
thu c 7,34 g hn hp mui khan.
a/ Tnh khi lng mi kim loi.
b/ Tnh th tch NO to thnh.
c/ cho hm lng Cu trong hn hp ban u l 80%, ta phi cho thm bao nhiu gam Cu na vo hn hp?
Bi 9: Cho m gam hn hp A gm Al, Fe phn ng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 d, thu c dung dch B v 11,2 lit
kh NO duy nht (ktc). Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch NH3 n d thu c 41,9 gam kt ta. Tnh m v %
(m) mi kim loi trong A.
Bi 10: Cho 2,09g hn hp Cu v Al tc dng vi HNO3 c v nng thu c 2,912 lt kh mu nu ( spk duy nht,
ktc)
a/ Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u
b/ Tnh khi lng HNO3 lm tan 2,09g hn hp.
Bi 11: Ha tan hon ton 7,92g hn hp A gm bt Al v Cu vo lng va dung dch HNO3 th thu c dung dch
B v ch thot ra kh NO duy nht c th tch 3,136 lt (kc).
a) Tnh khi lng mi cht trong A.
b) c cn dung dch B, nung mui thu c n khi lng khng i th thu c m gam cht rn. Tm m?
Bi 12: Cho 4,72g hn hp A gm Fe v Cu vo dung dch HNO3 20% th phn ng va thu c dung dch B v
1,568 lt kh NO(kc) .
a)Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong A.
b) Tnh nng phn trm dung dch mui B.
Bi 13: Mt hn hp gm 2 kim loi Al v Fe c khi lng 41,7 gam, em ho tan hon ton vo dung dch HNO 3 d
thu c dung dch cha 3 mui v 6,72 lt kh NO (ktc). Cho dung dch 3 mui tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 d thu
c 64,2 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi v khi lng mi mui.
Bi 14: Mt hn hp gm 2 kim loi Pb v Fe cho tc dng vi va th thu c 114,6 g mui khan. Cho ton b
mui ny vo mt bnh kn P=0. Nung nng bnh n khi phn ng kt thc, a bnh v 0 0C, p sut trong bnh l 1,25
atm, Vbnh=22,4 lt (lng cht rn chim th tch khng ng k).
1/ Tnh % mi kim loi trong hn hp u.
2/ Tnh khi lng cht rn trong bnh.
Bi 15: Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp Zn v Fe vo dung dch HNO 3 long va th thu c 3584ml kh khng mu
ha nu trong khng kh thot ra ( ktc ) v dung dch X. Nu cng cho lng hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch
H2SO4 long th thu c 4480ml kh thot ra ( ktc ).
a. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
b. Nu cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch X. Sau phn ng kt thc, lc ly kt ta v un nng kt ta ny
trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn.
Bi 16: ( 36) Cho 5,2 gam hn hp A gm Al, Fe,Cu tc dng vi 20 ml dung dch NaOH 6M thu c 2,688 lt H 2
(ktc) sau thm tip 400 ml dung dch axt HCl 1M v un nng n kh H2 ngng thot ra . Lc tch cht rn B. Cho
B tc dng ht vi HNO3 long thu c dung dch C v 0,672 lt kh NO (ktc). Cho C tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
d thu c kt ta D.Nung kt ta D t0 cao ti khi lng khng i thu c cht rn E.
1/ Tnh % khi lng cc kim loi trong A.
2/ Tnh khi lng cht rn E (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton)
Bi 17: ( 59) Ho tan hon ton 1,95 gam hn hp bt Al v Fe trong 0,16 lt dung dch HNO 3 (nng a mol/l) thu
c 0,896 lit kh NO (ktc) v dung dch A. Thm tip 0,54 gam Al vo dung dch A n khi Al tan ht thu oc dung
dch B v kh duy nht NO (trong dung dch B khng cn HNO3) . Thm NaOH vo B n khi ton b mui Fe chuyn
ht thnh hiroxit th va ht 0,2 lit dung dch NaOH 0,825 mol/l . Lc , nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng
khng i thu c 3,165 gam cht rn M .
1/ Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u .
2/ Tnh khi lng mi cht trong M
3/ Tnh a .
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Bi : Cho m gam Fe tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Mt khc cho m gam Fe
tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c V lt NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc). Tnh V ?
Xc nh kim loi
Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 12,8g mt kim loi A c ha tr hai vo dung dch HNO3 60% (d = 1,365g/ml) th thu c
8960 ml kh mu nu ( ktc ).
a/ Xc nh tn kim loi A.
b/ Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 cn dng.
Bi 2: Ha tan hon ton 1,2g mt kim loi vo dung dch HNO3 d th thu c 134,4ml kh N2 (ktc). Xc nh tn
kim loi.
Bi 3: Ho tan hon ton 6,4g mt kim loi cha bit vo dung dch HNO3 th thu c 4480ml (ktc), cht kh cha
30,43%N v 68,57%O, t khi ca cht kh i vi H2 l 23. Xc nh tn kim loi.
Bi 4: Ha tan hon ton mt kim loi M vo dung dch HNO3 va th thu c mt dung dch A v khng thy kh
thot ra. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch A th thy kh thot ra 2240ml (ktc) v 23,2g kt ta. Xc nh tn kim
loi M.
Bi 5: Ho tan 16,2 gam bt kim loi ho tr 3 vo 5 lt dung dch HNO 3 0,5M(D = 1,25). Sau khi kt thc thu c 2,8lt
hn hp kh NO, N2( 00C v 2atm). Trn hn hp kh trn vi lng O2 va , sau phn ng thy th tch hn hp kh
thu c ch bng 5/6 tng th tch ca hn hp kh ban u v th tch ca O2 cho vo.
a) Xc nh kim loi.
b) Tnh nng % cc cht c trong dung dch sau phn ng.
Bi 6: ( 46) Khi ho tan cng mt lng kim loi R vo dung dch HNO 3 v dung dch H2SO4 long th th tch kh
NO2 thu c gp 3 ln th tch kh H2 cng iu kin nhit v p sut . Khi lng mui sunfat thu c bng
62,81% khi lng mui nitrat to thnh .
1/ Tnh khi lng nguyn t R.
2/ Mt khc , khi nung cng mt lng kim loi R nh trn cn th tch oxi bng 22,22% th tch NO2 ni trn
(cng iu kin) thu c cht rn A v mt oxit ca R . Ho tan 20,88 gam A vo dung dch HNO 3 (ly d 25% so vi
lng cn thit) thu c 0,672 lt (ktc) kh B l mt oxit ca nit NxOy . Tnh khi lng HNO 3 nguyn cht ly
ho tan A .
Bi 7: ( 65) Cho 7,22 gam hn hp X gm Fe v kim loi M c ho tr khng i . Chia hn hp thnh hai phn bng
nhau . Ho tan ht phn I rong dung dch HCl , c 2,128 lt H 2 . Ho tan ht phn II trong dung dch HNO 3 , c
1,792 lt kh NO duy nht .
1/ Xc nh % khi lng m kim loi trong hn hp X .
2/ Cho 3,61 gam X tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch A cha Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 . Sau phn ng thu c dung dch A, v
8,12 gam cht rn B gm 3 kim loi . cho cht rn B tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 0,672 lt H 2 (ktc ; phn
ng hon ton ) . Tnh nng mol ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 trong dung dch A .
Bi 8: Ho tan va mt lng hn hp kim loi M v oxit MO (M c ho tr khng i, Mo khng phi oxit lng
tnh) trong 750 ml dung dch HNO3 0,2M c dung dch A v kh NO. Cho A tc dng va vi 240 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta n khi lng khng i c 2,4 gam cht rn. Tm M, tnh khi lng
mi cht trong hn hp u v th tch kh NO sinh ra 27,30C v 1 atm.
Bi 9: Hn hp X c khi lng 6,88 g gm 2 kim loi A (ho tr I), B (ho tr II). ho tan hon ton lng kim loi
trn cn 12 ml dung dch HNO3 90% (d=1,4) th va v ch thu c mt kh duy nht c mu nu.
1. Nu c cn th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan.
2. Xc nh A, B bit MA/MB=27/16 v nA=nB.
3. Nhit phn hon ton s gam mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch. Tnh khi lng hn hp kh sinh ra v t khi
ca hn hp kh so vi hiro.
Bi 10: ( 48) Cho hn hp A gm kim loi R (ho tr I) v kim loi X (ho tr II) . Ho tan 3 gam A vo dung dch c
cha HNO3 v H2SO4 thu c 2,94 gam hn hp B gm kh NO2 v kh D , c th tch bng 1,344 lt (ktc) .
1/ Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c .
2/ Nu t l kh NO2 v kh D thay i th khi lng mui khan thay i trong khong gi tr no ?
3/ Nu cho cng mt lng kh clo ln lt tc dng hon ton vi kim loi R v vi X th khi lng R phn
ng gp 3,375 ln khi lng ca kim loi X ; khi lng mui clorua ca R gp 2,126 ln khi lng mui clorua ca X
to thnh .
Hy tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca kim loi trong hn hp A.
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Xc nh lng HNO3
Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 2,5g mt hn hp gm Cu, Fe v Au vo dung dch HNO 3 25% th thu c 672ml kh khng
mu ha nu trong khng kh (ktc) v 0,02g b rn khng tan.
a./ Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
b/ Tnh khi lng dung dch HNO3 dng.
Bi 2: Ha tan hon ton 7,6g hn hp gm ng v Fe vo dung dch HNO 3 2M long d th thu c 2240ml kh thot
ra v kh ny ha nu trong khng kh( ktc).
b/ Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 dng, bit rng dng d 10% so vi lng phn ng.
Bi 3: Ha tan hon ton 14,89g mt hn hp gm Mg, Al v vng vo 137,97gdung dch HNO3 th thu c 3584ml
kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh (ktc) v 9,89g cht rn.
b/ Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch HNO3 dng.
Bi 4: Ha tan ht 14,4 gam hn hp Fe v Mg trong HNO3 long d thu c dung dch A v 2,352 lit (ktc) hn hp 2
kh N2 v N2O c khi lng 3,74 gam.
a/ Tnh %(m) ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ?
b/ Tnh s mol HNO3 ban u, bit lng HNO3 d 10% so vi lng cn thit.
Bi 5: Ho tan ht 4,431 gam hn hp Al v Mg trong dung dch HNO 3 long thu c dung dch A v 1,568 lt (ktc)
hn hp hai kh (u khng mu) c khi lng 2,95 gam, trong c mt kh b ho nu ngoi khng kh.
1. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca mikim loi trong hn hp.
2. Tnh s mol HNO3 phn ng.
3. Khi c cn dung dch A th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan.
Bi 6: Cho 30,4g hn hp Cu v Fe tc dng vi 500ml dung dch HNO3 long du th thu c 8,96 lt NO ( ktc)
a) Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp.
b) trung ha lng axit d trong dung dch th cn phi dng 150g dung dch NaOH 20%. Tm nng mol/l
dung dch HNO3 ban u.
Bi 7: t chy hon ton m gam Cu ngoi khng kh c hn hp cht rn X. Ho tan hon ton X trong 200 gam
dung dch HNO3 c dung dch Y v 2,24 lt kh NO (ktc). Y tc dng va vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c
kt ta R. Sau khi nung R n khi lng khng i c 20 gam cht rn.
1. Tnh khi lng Cu ban u v thnh phn % khi lng cc cht trong X.
2. Tnh nng % ca HNO3 trong dung dch ban u.
Bi 8 Ho tan 16,2 g bt kim loi ho tr III vo 5 lt dung dch HNO 3 0,5M (d=1,25). Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu
c 5,6 lt hn hp kh NO v N 2. Trn hn hp kh vi O2. Sau phn ng thy th tch kh ch bng 5/6 tng th tch
hn hp kh ban u v oxi thm vo.
1. Xc nh kim loi.
2. Tnh C% ca dung dch HNO3 sau phn ng.
Bit oxi phn ng va vi hn hp kh. Cc kh o ktc.
Xc nh sn phm kh
Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 9,6 g Mg trong mt lng dung dch axit HNO 3 thu th c 2,464 lt kh A (spk duy nht)
27,30C v 1atm. Xc nh cng thc v gi tn kh A
Bi 2: Chia hn hp X gm Al, Al2O3 v ZnO thnh 2 phn bng nhau.
Phn 1: Tan trong NaOH d thu c 6,72 lt H2(ktc).
Phn 2: Tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 1,68 lt kh Y( ktc). Xc nh kh Y
Bi 3: Ha tan 62,1 g kim loi M tc dng va vi V lt dung dch HNO 3 2M thu c 16,8 lt kh X gm 2 kh khng
mu, khng ha nu ngoi khng kh. T khi ca X so vi H2 l 17,2. Xc nh kim loi M v V
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Bi 4: Tm cng thc ca cht A c cng thc NOx v cht B c cng thc NOy bit t khi MA/MB =
1,533333.
Bi 5: Cho 2,16 gam Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
0,896 lt kh NO ( ktc) v dung dch X. Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi lm bay hi dung dch X
Bi 6: Ho tan hon ton 31,8g hn hp Al, Mg bng dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c dung dch A v
8,96 lit hn hp kh B (ktc) gm N2, N2O (khng cn spk khc), dB/H2 =20. Tnh s mol HNO3 phn ng
v khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn A
Bi 7: Ho tan hon ton 5,1g hn hp Al, Mg (t l mol 1 : 1) bng dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c
dung dch A v 0,896 lit hn hp kh B (ktc) gm N2, N2O , dB/H2 =20. Tnh s mol HNO3 phn ng v
khi lng mui tan c trong dung dch A?
Bi 8: Cho 25,025g Zn tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d, thu c 1,68 lt hn hp kh X (gm N2 v
N2O , dX/H2 = 17,2) v dung dch Y.
Tnh khi lng mui tan c trong dung dch Y v s mol HNO3 phn ng ?
Bi 9: Cho m gam Al tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d thu c dung dch X v 8,96 lit (ktc) hn hp
kh Y (gm N2 v N2O, dY/H2 = 19). Cho dung dch NaOH d vo X v un nh th thu c 2,688 lt kh
(ktc). Tnh m ?
Bi 10: Cho 9,75g Zn tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c 0,672 lt kh X (spk duy nht ktc). Xc
nh X ?
Bi 11: Cho 6,75g Al tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 5,6 lt kh X (spk duy nht ktc).
Xc nh X ?
Bi 12: Ha tan hon ton 8,4g Mg trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 3,36 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm NO v
kh X vi t l mol ln lt l 2 : 1. Xc nh kh X ?
Bi 13: Cho 7,8g hn hp Mg v Al (t l mol tng ng l 1 : 2) tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c
2,24 lt kh A (spk duy nht ktc). Xc nh A ?
Bi 14: Cho 8,1g Al tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 va , thu c 2,24 lt kh N2O (ktc) v dung dch X.
Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X ?
Dng 5: HNO3 tc dng vi hn hp kim loi v oxit kim loi

Bi 1: Cho 25,8g hn hp Al v Al2O3 tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 2M thu c 2,24 lt NO ( ktc).
a) Xc nh phn trm khi lng Al v phn trm khi lng Al2O3 trong hn hp ban u.
b) Tm th tch dung dch HNO3 2M cn dng.
Bi 2: Ha tan hon ton 4 (g) hn hp G gm Mg v MgO vo lng va dung dch HNO3 40%, th thu c 672
ml kh N2 (kc).
a/ Tnh khi lng mi cht c trong hn hp G.
b/ Khi lng dung dch HNO3 .
c/ Tnh nng phn trm dung dch mui thu c.
Bi 3: Cho 3,52 g hn hp Cu v CuO tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long thu c 448 ml kh NO (kc) v dung dch A.
a) Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u
b) Tnh lng HNO3 lm tan 3,52g hn hp ban u.
c) Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch A. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh.
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Bi 4: Cho 34 g hn hp Zn v CuO tc dng va ht vi V lt dung dch HNO3 2M thu c 2,24 lt N2 duy nht (ktc)
v dung dch A.
a/ Tnh khi lng mi cht c trong hn hp u.
b/ Th tch dung dch HNO3 cn dng.
c/ Tnh nng mol/l dung dch mui thu c.
Bi 5: Cho 60 (g) hn hp Cu v Fe2O3 tc dng vi 3 lit dung dch HNO3 1M thu c 13,44 lt NO ( ktc).
a) Tnh khi lng mi cht c trong hn hp ban u.
b)Tm nng mol/lt cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng.
Bi 6: Ha tan hon ton 2,72g hn hp gm Fe v Fe 2O3 vo trong 100ml dung dch HNO3 c, nng 2M d th thu
c 1344ml kh mu nu (ktc).
a. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp ban u.
b. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HNO3 sau phn ng.
Bi 7: Cho 23,1g hn hp gm Al v Al2O3 vo dung dch HNO3 2M th thu c 1120ml kh thot ra v ha nu trong
khng kh ( 0oC v 2atm ).
a. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp ban u.
b. Tnh th tch ca dung dch HNO3 cn dng khi c s hao ht 20%.
Bi 8: Cho18,5g hn hp Fe3O4 v Fe tc dng vi 200ml dung dch HNO3(l) un nng v khuy sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton th thu c 2240ml kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh (ktc) , dung dch Z1 v cn li 1,46g kim loi.
a. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HNO3.
b. Tnh khi lng ca dung dch mui Z1.
Bi 9: Mt hn hp X gm bt Fe v bt MgO ho tan hon ton va trong dung dch HNO 3 to ra 0,112 lt kh
khng mu ho nu trong khng kh(o 27,30C, 6,6atm). Dung dch thu c em c cn c 10,22 gam mui khan.
a) Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u.
b) Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 0,8M tham gia phn ng.
c) Chng minh s c mt ca Fe v MgO trong hn hp trn.
Bi 10: Ha tan ho ton m gam hn hp FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 bng dung dch HNO3 d th thu c 4,48 lt kh NO2
(kc). C cn dung dch thu c 145,2 gam mui khan. Tm m?
Bi 11: (H-B-2007) Nung m gam bt Fe trong oxi thu c 3 gam hn hp rn X. Ho tan rn X trong dung dch
HNO3 d thot ra 0,56 lt kh NO (kc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Tm m?
HD: BT e => 3.m/56 = 2.(3 m)/16 + 3.0,025 => m = 2,52g
Bi 12: Oxi ha 10,08 g bt st thu c m g cht rn gm 4 cht. Th hn hp rn vo dung dch HNO 3 d thu c
2,24 lt kh (ktc) khng mu ha nu ngoi khng kh. Tnh khi lng ca hn hp rn.
Bi 13: m g bt Fe (A) ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian bin thnh hn hp B c khi lng 30 g gm Fe, FeO,
Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ha tan hon ton B vo dung dch HNO3 thy gii phng ra 5,6 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc)
a) Tnh m.
b) Nu ha tan hn hp (A) bng dung dch HNO3 c, nng d th c bao nhiu lt kh NO2 duy nht bay ra
ktc?
Bi 14: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 trong dung dch HNO3 long nng d thu c 4,48
lt kh hn hp kh gm NO2 v NO (ktc) v 96,8 gam mui Fe(NO3)3. Hy cho bit s mol HNO3 phn ng.
HD: nHNO3 p = nNO3- + nNO + nNO2 = nNO3- + nhh kh = 3.0,4 + 0,2 = 1,4 mol
Bi 15: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm Fe; FeO; Fe2O3; Fe3O4 vo 63 gam dung dch HNO3 thu c 0,336 lt kh NO
duy nht ( ktc). Cho dung dch sau phn ng tc dng va vi 450 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c kt ta ln
nht. Lc thu kt ta nung n khi lng khng i thu c 8 gam cht rn. Nng % ca dung dch HNO3 l
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Bi 16: Cho m gam phoi st ra ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian ngi ta thu c 12 gam hn hp gm ( Fe, FeO,
Fe3O4, v Fe2O3). Ho tan hn hp ny bng dung dch HNO3 ngi ta thu dc dung dch A v 2,24 lt NO KTC.
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng
2. Tnh m
Bi 17: t chy 5,6 gam bt st trong bnh ng oxi thu c 7,36 gam hn hp A: Fe,Fe 3O4,v Fe2O3. Ho tan hon
ton lng hn hp A bng dung dch HNO 3 thu c V lt hn hp kh B gm NO v NO 2 .T khi ca B so vi hiro
bng 19
1.Vit phng trnh phn ng .
2.Tnh th tch V KTC.
3.Cho mt bnh kn dung tch khng i l 4 lt cha 640 ml H 2O ( d=1g/ml ) phn kh trong bnh cha 1/5 th
tch oxi cn li l nit KTC.Bm tt c kh B vo bnh lc k cho n khi phn ng xong thu c dung dch X. Tnh
nng phn ca dung dch X.
Bi 18: (H-A-2008) Cho 11,36g hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3
long (d), thu c 1,344 lit (ktc) NO (l sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X
c m gam mui khan. Tnh gi tr m ?
Dng 6: Nhit phn mui amoni v mui nitrat

I. L thuyt: K Ba Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Pt Au
Nhit phn mui nitrat:
- Kim loi trc Mg:
M(NO3)n M(NO2)n + n/2O2
- Kim loi t Mg n Cu:
2M(NO3)n M2On + n/2O2 + 2nNO2
- Kim loi sau Cu:
M(NO3)n M + n/2O2
+ nNO2
Vd:
NaNO3 NaNO2 + 1/2O2

Mg(NO3)2 MgO + O2 + 2NO2
AgNO3 Ag + 1/2O2 + NO2
Nhit phn mui amoni:
- Mui amoni ca axit khng c tnh oxi ha (HCl, H2CO3) axit tng ng + NH3
- Mui amoni ca axit c tnh oxi ha (HNO2, HNO3) N2 hoc oxit nito.
II. Bi tp vn dng:
Bi 1: Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng nhit phn cc mui NH4Cl, NH4NO2, NH4HCO3, NH4NO3,
(NH4)2CO3, NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)2, Hg(NO3)2.
Bi 2: Nung nng 4,43 gam hn hp NaNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 n phn ng hon ton thu c kh A c t khi so vi H2
bng 19,5.
a/ Tnh th tch kh A (ktc).
b/ Tnh khi lng mi mui trong hn hp ban u.
c/ Cho kh A hp th vo 198,92 ml nc thu c dung dch B v cn li kh C bay ra. Tnh nng % ca dung dch B
v th tch kh C ktc.
Bi 3: Nung nng 302,5 gam mui Fe(NO3)3 mt thi gian ri ngng li v ngui. Cht rn X cn li c khi lng l
221,5 gam.
a/ Tnh khi lng mui phn hy.
b/ Tnh th tch cc kh thot ra (ktc).
c/ Tnh t l s mol ca mui v oxit c trong cht rn X.
Bi 4: Nung 63,9g Al(NO3)3 mt thi gian cn li c 31,5g cht rn. Tnh hiu sut phn ng trn
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Bi 5: Nung 27,25 ghn hp cc mui NaNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 khan, ngi ta thu c mt hn hp kh A. Dn ton b A
vo 89,2 ml H2O th thy c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) khng b hp th. Tnh thnh phn hn hp mui trc khi nung v nng
% ca dung dch to thnh, coi tan ca oxi trong nc l khng ng k.
Bi 6: Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 1 lt cha N 2 27,3 0C v 0,5 atm. Thm vo bnh 9,4 g mt mui nitrat ca kim loi
X. Nhit phn hon ton mui ri a nhit bnh v 136,50C, p sut trong bnh lc ny l P. Cht rn cn li l 4 gam.
1. Xc nh cng thc ca mui nitrat.
2. Tnh P, cho rng th tch cht rn khng ng k.
Bi 7: Nhit phn hon ton mt mui amoni ca axit cacbonic, sau dn ton b sn phm vo 50 g dung dch H 2SO4
19,6% th to mt mui trung ho c nng 23,913%.
Tm cng thc v khi lng mui ban u.
Bi 8: Nhit phn 5,24 g hn hp Cu(NO 3)2 v Mg(NO3)2 n khi lng khng i th sau phn ng phn rn gim
3,24 g. Xc nh % mi mui trong hn hp u.
Bi 9: Ha tan hon ton 3,32g hn hp X gm bt Mg v Al vo lng va dung dch HNO3 1M th thu c dung
dch Y v ch thot ra kh N2O duy nht c th tch 896 ml (ktc)
a/ Tnh khi lng mi cht trong X.
b/ C cn dung dch Y ri nung n khi lng khng i. Tnh khi lng cht rn thu c.
Bi 10: Mt oxit kim loi c cng thc l MxOy, trong M chim 72,41% khi lng. Kh hon ton oxit ny bng
CO thu c 16,8 g kim loi M. Ho tan hon ton lng M bng HNO3 c nng thu c mui ca M ho tr III v 0,9
mol kh NO2. Vit PTP v xc nh oxit kim loi.
Bi 11: Nhit phn hn hp 2 mui KNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 c khi lng 95,4 gam. Khi phn ng hon ton thu c hn
hp kh c t khi so vi hiro bng 18,91. Tnh khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u.
Bi 12 Nung 8,08 g mt mui A, thu c cc sn phm kh, 1,6 g mt hn hp cht rn khng tan trong
nc. Nu cho sn phm kh i qua 200 g dung dch NaOH nng 1,2% iu kin xc nh th tc dng
va v c mt dung dch gm 1 mui c nng 2,47%. Vit cng thc phn t ca mui A nu khi
nung s oxi ho ca kim loi khng bin i. (H Y 1992).
Bi 13: Nung 9 gam mui M(NO3)n trong bnh kn c V = 0,5 lt cha kh N2. Nhit v p sut trong bnh
trc khi nung l 0,984 atm 270C. Sau khi nung, mui b nhit phn ht cn li 4 gam oxit M2On, a bnh
v 270C p sut trong bnh l P.
1. Tnh nguyn t khi ca M v p sut P.
2. Ly 1/10 lng kh thu c cho hp th hon ton vo nc thnh 0,25 lt dung dch A.
a. Tnh pH ca dung dch A.
b. Dung dch A c th ho tan ti a bao nhiu gam M2O v bao nhiu lt kh NO c to thnh
(ktc)? (bit phn ng to ra ion M2+).
Bi 14: Nung 1 lng xc nh mui Cu(NO3)2. Sau mt thi gian dng li ngui ri em cn thy khi
lng gim 54gam. S mol kh thot ra?
Bi 15: un nng 66,2 gam Pb(NO3)2 . Sau phn ng thu c 55,4 gam cht rn. Tnh hiu sut ca phn
ng?
Bi 16: Nhit phn hon ton 9,4g mui nitrat kim loi thu c 4g oxit kim loi. Xc nh cng thc ca
mui nitrat?
Bi 17: Ha tan ht 0,02 mol Fe v 0,03 mol Ag vo dung dch HNO3 c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X
v nung n khi lng khng i th thu c m gam cht rn. Tnh m?
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Bi 18: Nhit phn hon ton 4,7g mt mui nitrat ca kim loi M, thu c 2g mt cht rn. Xc nh cng thc mui
nitrat ?
Dng 7: Kim loi tc dng vi mui NO3- trong mi trng H+

I. L thuyt:
- Kim loi tc dng HNO3:
VD:
3Cu + 8HNO3 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
Pt ion: 3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
- Kim loi tc dng vi mui NO3- trong mi trng H+ (H2SO4, HCl)
VD: cho Cu tc dng vi dd hn hp: KNO3 v H2SO4 long
Pt ion: 3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
* Gc NO3 trong mi trng axit c kh nng oxi ha nh HNO3
* Gc NO3- trong mi trng baz c kh nng oxi ha, c th b Zn, Al kh n NH3
* Gc NO3- trong mi trng trung tnh khng c kh nng oxi hoa.
II. Bi tp p dng:
Bi 1: C 2 ng ngim: ng nghim 1 ng dung dch KNO3, ng nghim 2 ng dung dch H2SO4 long.
* Cho vo 2 ng nghim mi ng mt ming vn ng nh. hai ng nghim c hin tng g xy ra khng?
* hai ng nghim vo nhau v un nh thy Cu tan v c kh mu nu trn ming. Gii thch v vit
phng trnh minh ha.
Bi 2: So snh th tch kh NO duy nht thot ra trong cc trng hp sau:
a, Cho 6,4 gam Cu tc dng vi 120 ml HNO3 long 1M.
b, Cho 6,4 gam Cu tc dng vi 120 ml hn hp HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5 M. Tnh khi lng ca mui thu
c sau khi c cn dung dch.
Bi 3: Cho 19,2 gam Cu vo 500ml dung dch NaNO3 1M, sau thm 500ml dung dch HCl 2M.
a) Cu c tan ht hay khng? Tnh th tch kh NO bay ra (ktc).
b) Tnh nng mol cc ion trong dung dch A thu c sau phn ng (VddA = 1lt)
c) Phi thm bao nhiu lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M kt ta ht Cu2+ cha trong dung dch A?
Bi 4: Mt hn hp X gm CuO v Cu c % chung ca Cu (trong c 2 cht) l 88,89 %.
a) Xc nh thnh phn % theo s mol ca X.
b) Ho tan 144 gam hn hp X trong 2,8lt HNO 3 1M th thu c V1 lt kh NO, CuO tan ht, cn li mt
phn Cu cha tan. Tnh V1 v khi lng Cu cn li.
c) Thm 2 lt dung dch HCl 1M, c V2 lt NO thot ra. Tnh V2, Cu c tan ht hay khng?
Cc phn ng u hon ton, cc th tch u o ktc.
Bi 5: C 100 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 4 mol/lt v HNO 3 a mol/lt. Thm t t Mg vo ti khi ht axit th lng Mg
dng l b gam, th tch kh thu c l 17,92 lt (ktc) gm 3 kh (hn hp A) c t khi so vihiro l 17. Cho bit ch
c phn ng ca Mg vi cc axit. Cho hn hp A i qua dung dch NaOH d th cn li 5,6 lt (ktc) hn hp 2 kh (hn
hp B) c t khi so vi H2 l 3,8. Tnh a, b.
Bi 6: ( 85) Dung dch A cha axit HCl v HNO3 c nng tng ng l a mol/l v b mol/l .
1/ trung ho 20 ml dung dch A cn dng 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M . Mt khc ly 20 ml dung dch A
cho tc dng vi AgNO3 d thu c 2,87 gam kt ta . Tnh a, b .
2/ Thm t t Mg kim loi vo 100 ml dung dch A cho ti khi kh ngng thot ra , thu c dung dch B (th
tch vn 100ml) ch cha cc mui ca Mg v 0,963 lt hn hph D gm 3 kh khng mu cn nng 0,772 gam . Trn kh
D vi 1 lt O2 , sau khi phn ng hon ton , cho kh cn li i t t qua dung dch NaOH d th th tch kh cn li 1,291
lt .
a/ Hi hn hp kh D gm cc kh g ? bit rng trong kh D c hai kh chim % th tch nh nhau, cc th tch
kh o ktc.
b/ Vit ptp ho tan Mg di dng ion .
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c/ Tnh nng cc ion trong dung dch B v tnh khi lng Mg b ho tan .
Bi 7: Cho t t kh CO i qua ng ng 3,2 gam CuO nung nng . Kh ra khi ng c hp th hon ton vo nc
vI trong d , thy to ra 1 gam kt ta . Cht rn cn li trong ng s cho vo cc ng 500 ml dung dch HNO 3 0,16 M
thu c V1 lt kh NO v cn mt phn kim loi cha tan ht . Thm tip vo cc 760 ml dung dch HCl nng 2/3
mol/l , sau khi phn ng xong thu c V2 lt kh NO . Sau thm tip 12 gam Mg vo cc . Sau khi phn ng xong thu
c V3 lt hn hp kh H2 v N2 ; dung dch mui clorua v hn hp M ca cc kim loi .
1/ Tnh cc th tch V1 ,V2 , V3 . Bit cc phn ng x ra hon ton, cc th tch kh o ktc.
2/ Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong M.
Bi 8: Cho mt ming Al hoc Zn vo dung dch cha NaOH v NaNO3 thy thu c hn hp kh H2 v
NH3. Vit cc ptp dng phn t v ion.
HD: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2Al + 2OH- + 2H2O 2AlO2- + 3H2
Al + NaNO3 + NaOH
8Al + 3NO3- + 5OH- 8AlO2- + 3NH3 + H2O
Bi 9: Ha tan 5,76 gam Cu trong 80 ml dung dch HNO3 2M ch thu c NO. Sau khi phn ng kt thc
cho thm lng d H2SO4 vo dung dch thu c li thy c kh NO bay ra. Hy gii thch v tnh th tch
kh NO bay ra ktc sau khi thm H2SO4
s: V = 0,448 lt
Bi 10: Cho hn hp Fe v Cu tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c 1,12 lit H2 ( 0oc, 2
atm). Mt dung dch A v mt cht khng tan B. o xy ha hn hp sau phn ng ngi ta thm vo
ng 10,1 gam KNO3. Sau khi phn ng xy ra ngi ta thu c mt kh khng mu ha nu ngoi khng
kh v mt dung dch C. trung ha lng axit d trong dung dch ngi ta cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH
1M.
a, Vit cc ptp xy ra.
b, Tnh % khi lng hn hp kim loi v th tch kh khng mu sinh ra 0oC; 0,5 atm.
c, Tnh nng C% ca dung dch H2SO4 bit rng t khi ca dung dch d= 1,25 g/ml.
Bi 11: Cho 3,84 gam Cu tc dng vi 80 ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO3 1M v HCl 1M s thu c ti
a bao nhiu lit NO (ktc)
s: V = 0,896 lt
Bi 12: So snh th tch kh NO ( duy nht ) thot ra trong 2 th nghim sau:
a) cho 6,4 gam Cu tc dng vi 120 ml dung dch HNO3 1M
b) Cho 6,4 gam Cu tc dng vi 120 ml dung dch hn hp( HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5M). C cn dung dch
trng hp b s thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ( gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton , cc kh o
cng k)
Bi 13: Ho tan hon ton 1,62 gam Al trong 280 ml dung dch HNO3 1M c dung dch A v kh NO ( l
sn phm kh duy nht ). Mt khc cho 7,35 gam hai kim loi kim thuc hai chu k lin tip vo 500 ml
dung dch HCl c dung dch B v 2,8 lit H2 (ktc) . khi trn dung dch A vo dung dch B thy to thnh
1,56 gam kt ta. Xc nh tn hai lim loi v tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl dng.
Bi 14: Cho 7,68 gam Cu vo 120 ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO3 1M v H2SO4 1M, sau khi phn ng
hon ton thu c bao nhiu lt NO (ktc) l spk duy nht. C cn dung dch thu c bao nhiu gam mui
khan.
s: VNO = 1,792 lt mmui = 19,2g (CuSO4)
Bi 15: Cho 1,92 gam Cu vo 100 ml dung dch cha KNO3 0,16M v H2SO4 0,4M thy sinh ra mt cht kh
c t khi so vi H2 l 15 v dung dch A
a) Tnh th tch kh sinh ra ktc
b) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 0,5M ti thiu cn cho vo dung dch A kt ta ton b ion Cu2+ c trong
dung dch A
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Bi 16: Cho 25,6 gam Cu vo dung dch HNO3 sau phn ng thu c hn hp X v 4,48lt (ktc) kh NO
duy nht . Cho tip 100ml dung dch HCl 0,8 M vo X th c thu c kh na khng, bao nhiu lit(ktc)
s: VNO = 0,448 lt
Cu 17: Cho 3,2 gam bt Cu tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO3 0,8M v H2SO4 0,2M. Sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
s: V = 0,672 lt
Mui nitrat trong mi trng kim
1. Zn, Al kh c ion NO3- trong mi trng kim:
4Zn + NO3- + 7OH- 4ZnO22- + NH3 + 2H2O
8Al + 3NO3- + 5OH- + 2H2O 8AlO2- + 3NH3
2. V Zn, Al tc dng vi OH-, nn nu lng OH- nhiu th c th c phn ng:
Zn + 2OH- ZnO22- + H2
2Al + 2OH- + 2H2O 2AlO2- + 3H2
=> Khi cho Zn, Al tc dng vi NO3-/OH- thu c kh l NH3 hoc hn hp kh NH3 v H2.
Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 13g Zn trong dung dch hn hp NaNO 3 v NaOH thu c V lt kh NH3 (ktc). Tnh gi tr
ca V ?
s: V = 1,12 lt
Bi 2: Ha tan hon ton m gam Al trong dung dch hn hp NaNO3 v NaOH thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh (ktc). Bit
t khi ca hn hp kh so vi H2 bng 6. Tnh m ?
s: pp ng cho => nH2 = 0,1 ; nNH3 = 0,2 ; BTe => mAl = 16,2g
Dng 8: Dung dch H3PO4 tc dng vi dung dch kim
I. Nguyn tc:
1. Cho dung dch H3PO4 tc dng vi dung dch kim:
Cc phng trnh phn ng c th xy ra:
H3PO4 + OH- H2PO4- + H2O
(1)
H3PO4 + 2OH- HPO42- + H2O
(2)
3H3PO4 + 3OH PO4 + H2O
Khi bit s mol H3PO4 v s mol OH-, ta lp t l:
T = nOH- / nH3PO4
Cc trng hp c th xy ra:
(3)
T
T<1
Phn ng xy ra
(1)
Sn phm to thnh
Mui H2PO4-, v H3PO4 d
T=1
1<T<2
T=2
2<T<3
T=3
T>3
(1) va
(1) v (2)
(2) va
(2) v (3)
(3) va
(3)
Mui H2PO4Mui H2PO4- v HPO42Mui HPO42Mui HPO42- v PO43Mui PO43Mui PO43- v NaOH d
2. Cho P2O5 tc dng vi dung dch kim:

Cc phng trnh phn ng c th xy ra:
P2O5 + 2OH- + H2O
2H2PO4P2O5 + 4OH
2HPO42- + H2O
P2O5 + 6OH
2PO43- + 3H2O
t T = nOH-/nP2O5 . Cc trng hp c th xy ra:

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T
T<2

Phn ng xy ra
(1)
Sn phm to thnh
Mui H2PO4-, v P2O5 d
T=2
(1) va
Mui H2PO42<T<4
(1) v (2)
Mui H2PO4- v HPO42T=4
(2) va
Mui HPO42II. Bi tp vn
dng:
4<T<6
(2) v (3)
Mui HPO42- v PO43(3) va
Mui PO43Bi 2: Vit phng T = 6
trnh ha hc c th
(3)
Mui PO43- v OH- d
c ca P2O5, H3PO4 T > 6
vi dung dch
NaOH? mi quan h gia s mol NaOH v s mol P2O5, H3PO4?
Bi 3: Hy nu mt s phn bn ha hc. Nu mt s tc dng v cc iu ch ca chng.
Bi 5: Phn m amoni clorua thng ch c 23% khi lng nit.
a) Tnh khi lng phn bn cung cp 40kg nit.
b) Tnh hm lng % NH4Cl trong phn m .
Bi 6: Phn kali clorua thng ch c 50% khi lng K2O. Tnh hm lng % KCl trong phn kali .
Bi 7: Phn supephotphat kp thc t thng ch c 40% khi lng P2O5. Tnh hm lng % canxiihidrophotphat
trong phn ln .
Bi 8: T khng kh, nc, mui n v cc thit b, dng c cn thit, nu cch iu ch cc cht HNO 3, NH4NO3,
NaNO3.
Bi 9: T qung pirit cha ch yu FeS2, qung photphorit cha ch yu Ca3(PO4)2 v cc thit b, dng c cn thit, nu
cch iu ch cc cht sau: axit photphoric, supephotphat n, supephotphat kp. vit y cc phng trnh ha hc.
Bi 10: Bng phng php ha hc, chng minh s c mt ca cc ion trong dung dch cha 2 mui amoni sunphat v
Al nitrat.
Bi 11: t chy hon ton 46,5 kg photpho trong oxi d.
a) Ha tan sn phm vo lng nc va iu ch dung dch H3PO4 5M. Tnh th tch dung dch thu c.
b) Ha tan sn phm vo 300 kg nc. Tnh nng % ca dung dch H3PO4 thu uc.
Bi 12: t chy hon ton 3,1g P ta c cht A chia lm 2 phn bng nhau:
-Ly phn 1 ho tan hon ton vo 500g nc ta c dung dch B.Tnh nng % ca dung dch B.
-Ly phn 2 cho tc dng vi 400ml dung dch NaOH 0,3M sau em c cn dung dch th thu c bao nhiu g cht
rn?
Bi 13: Dng dung dch HNO3 60%(d=1,37) oxi ho P thnh H 3PO4. Mun bin lng axit thnh mui
NaH2PO4 cn dng 25ml dung dchNaOH 25%(d=1,28). Tnh th tch HNO3 dng oxi ho P.
Bi 14 a. Cho 21,3g P2O5 vo dung dch cha 16g NaOH, th tch dung dch sau l 400ml. Xc nh CM ca nhng
mui to nn trong dung dch thu c.
b. Thm 44g NaOH vo dung dch cha 39,2g H3PO4 v c cn dung dch. Xc nh khi lng mui thu c
sau p.
Bi 15: t chy hon ton 6,8g hp cht ca pht pho thu c 14,2g P 2O5 v 5,4g H2O. Cho cc sn phm vo 50g
dung dch NaOH 32%.
a. Xc nh cng thc ha hc ca hp cht.
b. Tnh C% ca dung dch mui thu c sau phn ng.
Bi 16: un nng hn hp Ca v P . Ho tan sn phm thu c vo dung dch HCl d thu c 28lt kh ktc. t
chy kh ny thnh P2O5. Lng oxit thu c tc dng vi dung dch kim to thnh 142g Na 2HPO4. Xc nh thnh
phn hn hp u.
Bi 17: Cho 12,4g P tc dng hon ton vi oxi. Sau cho ton b lng P 2O5 ho tan hon ton vo 80ml dung dch
NaOH 25%(d=1,28). Tnh C% c?a dung dch mui sau phn ng.
Bi 18: Thm 250ml dung dch NaOH 2M vo 200ml dung dch H3PO4 1,5M.
a) Tm khi lng mui to thnh?
b) Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch to thnh.
Bi 19: Tnh khi lng mui thu c khi:
a) Cho dung dch cha 11,76g H3PO4 vo dung dch cha 16,8g KOH.
b) Cho dung dch cha 39,2g H3PO4 vo dung dch cha 44g NaOH.
Bi 20: Cho 50g dung dch KOH 33,6%. Tnh khi lng dung dch H3PO4 50% cn cho vo dung dch KOH thu
c:
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a) Hai mui kali ihirphotphat v kali hirphotphat vi t l s mol l 2:1.
b) 10,44g kali hirphotphat v 12,72g kali photphat.
Bi 21: a. Trn ln 50ml dung dch H3PO4 1,5M v 75ml dung dch KOH 3M. Tnh nng CM ca mui trong dung
dch thu c.
b.Tnh th tch dung dch KOH 1,5M cn cho vo 75ml dung dch H3PO4 thu c dung dch kali
ihirphotphat. Tnh nng CM ca mui trong dung dch ny.
Bi 22: phm thu c vo 50 g dung dch NaOH 32%.
a) Tm cng thc phn t ca hp cht.
b) Tnh nng % ca dung dch mui thu c.
Bi 23: dung dch cha 23,52 g H3PO4 vo dung dch cha 12 g NaOH. Tnh khi lng cht tan thu c.
Bi 24: Cho 11,2 m3 NH3(ktc) tc dng vi 39,2 kg H3PO4. Tnh thnh phn % khi lng ca amophot trong hn hp
thu c sau phn ng.
Bi 25: : Cho 44g NaOH vo 39,2g dung dch axit photphoric. Mui no c to thnh ? Tnh khi lng mui ?
- p n :Hn hp hai mui( Na2HPO4 v Na3PO4 ); mmui = 63,4g.
Bi 26: t chy hon ton 6,2g P trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH 32% to
ra mui Na2HPO4.
a. Tnh khi lng dung dch NaOH dng.
b. Tnh nng phn trm ca mui trong dung dch thu c.
p n : a. mdung dch = 50g; b. C%(dung dchmui) = 44,24%.
Bi 27: t hon ton 6,8g mt hp cht A th thu c 14,2g P 2O5 v 5,4g H2O. Nu cho 37ml dung dch NaOH 32%
( d = 1,35g/ml ) tc dng vi sn phm to thnh ca phn ng th to ra dung dch mui g ? C nng % l bao
nhiu ? Cho bit CTPT ca A.
p n : mui axit ( Na2HPO4 ); %C Na 2 HPO 4 40,8% ; PH3.
Dng 9: Bi tp tng hp
Bi 1: Hn hp X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi heli (He) bng 1,8. un nng X c xc tc thch hp c
hn hp Y c t khi so vi heli bng 2. Tnh hiu sut phn ng ?
Bi 2: Cho oxit MxOy ca kim loi M c ho tr khng i. Hy xc nh cng thc ca oxit trn bit rng 3,06 gam
MxOy tan trong HNO3 d th thu c 5,22 g mui.
Bi 3: Ho tan hon ton 91,6 gam 3 kim loi A, B, C vo axit nitric c ngui d thu c 54 gam kim loi C, kh mu
nu D v dung dch E.
- Cho ton b kh D hp th bng dung dch KOH d thu c hn hp mui, c cn dung dch ri nhit phn hn hp
ta thu c 3,92 lt kh khng mu.
- Lng kim loi C ni trn tc dng va vi 67,2 lt kh Cl2.
Nhng thanh kim loi B vo dung dch E, sau khi loi ht axit nitric d cho phn ng n khi dung dch ch cn mt
mui duy nht th ly ra v cho tip thanh kim loi C vo dung dch cho phn ng xong. Ly thanh kim loi C lm
kh em cn thy khi lng tng ln 16,1 gam.
1. Vit cc PTP xy ra.
2. Xc nh tn 3 kim loi. Bit rng s mol A bng 80% s mol B; A c ho tr I, B c ho tr II v cc kh u o
ktc.
Bi 4: Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200 ml dung dch C cha AgNO 3 v Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn
ng kt thc thu c dung dch D v 8,12 g cht rn E gm 3 kim loi. Cho cht E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th
thu c 0,672 lt kh H2 (ktc). Tnh nng mol ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 trong dung dch C.
Bi 5: Lc 0,81 g bt Al trong 200 ml dung dch cha AgNO 3 v Cu(NO3) mt thi gian, thu c cht rn A v dung
dch B. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 100,8 ml kh hiro (ktc) v cn li 6,012 g hn hp 2 kim loi.
Cho B tc dng vi NaOH d, c kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i thu c 1,6 g mt oxit. Tnh nng CM
ca AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch ban u.
Bi 6: Kim loi Al tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 cc iu kin khc nhau thu c mui Al(NO3)3 v hn
hp kh A gm NO, NO2 c thnh phn thay i:
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- t1oC c dA/C3H4 = 1,1
- t2oC c dA/H2S = 1,3
Vit v cn bng cc phn ng xy ra t1 v t2oC?
Bi 7: Cho 1,35 gam hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh gm
0,01 mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2. Tnh khi lng mui khan to ra trong dung dch v s mol HNO3 tham
gia phn ng?
S:
Bi 8: Ha tan 13,92 gam Fe3O4 bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 4,48 ml kh NxOy ktc.
a) Xc nh NxOy?
b) Tnh s mol HNO3 dng?
S:
Bi 9: Ha tan 22,064 gam hn hp X gm Al, Zn bng dung dch HNO3 d thu c 3,136 lt hn hp kh Y
gm NO, N2O (ktc) vi s mol bng nhau. Tnh % khi lng hn hp X?
Bi 10: Ha tan 0,9 gam mt kim loi M (ha tr n khng i) vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 0,28 lt kh
N2O duy nht (ktc). Xc nh kim loi M?
Bi 11: un nng 28 gam bt st trong khng kh sau mt thi gian thu c a gam hn hp cht rn A gm
FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 v Fe. Ha tan ht A trong lng d dung dch HNO3 un nng, thu c dung dch B v
2,24 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc).
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b) Tnh a.
c) C bt dung dch B ri lm lnh n gn 00C thu c 140 gam tinh th hidrat vi hiu
sut kt tinh l 80%. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca tinh th hidrat.
Bi 12: Ha tan hn hp A gm 1,12 gam kim loi M v 69,6 gam oxit MxOy trong lng d dung dch HCl
thu c 4,48 lt H2. Mt khc, nu ha tan hn hp A trn trong lng d dung dch HNO3 th thu c
6,72 lt NO duy nht. Bit cc th tch kh o ktc. Xc nh kim loi M v oxit MxOy.
Bi 13: Cho 8,32 gam Cu tc dng va vi 120 ml dung dch HNO3 sau phn ng thu c 4,928 lit
(ktc) hn hp NO v NO2 . tnh nng mol ca dung dch HNO3 ban u.
Bi 14: Ho tan hon ton 1,35 gam mt kim loi M bng dung dch HNO3 d un nng thu c 2,24 lit
NO v NO2 (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 bng 21 ( khng cn sn phm kh khc). Tm kim loi M
Bi 15: Ho tan hon ton 2,16 gam Al trong dung dch HNO3 1M thu c 1,232 lt hn hp B gm NO v
N2O (ktc) . tnh t khi ca B so vi H2 ( khng c spk khc)
Bi 16: Ho tan hon ton 5,2 gam kim loi M vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 1,008 lit ( ktc) hn hp 2
kh NO v N2O l sn phm kh duy nht . sau phn ng khi lng dung dch tng ln 3,78 gam so vi ban
u. tm M
- 38 -

cao
Ch 3: CACBON SILIC
Dng 1: CO, C ,H2 tc dng oxit kim loi
I. L thuyt:
Oxit kim loi A +
(sau nhm)
Bn cht:
=>
H2
CO
C
Kim loi A
[O] + H2 H2O
[O] + CO CO2
H2O
CO2
CO, CO2
(1)
(2)
(3)
([O] : oxi trong oxit sau nhm)
n[O]p = nCO = nCO2

n[O]p = nH2 = nH2O
n[O]p = n(hh CO, H2)
II. Bi tp p dng:
Bi 1. Kh hon ton mt lng Fe3O4 bng kh CO (d) nung nng th thu c m gam Fe v 35,84 lt hn
hp kh X ( ktc) c t khi so vi H2 bng 18. Tnh m?
A. 33,6 gam
B. 11,2 gam
C. 16,8 gam
D. 22,4 gam
- 39 -

cao
Bi 2. Hn hp G gm Fe3O4 v CuO. Cho hiro d i qua 6,32 gam hn hp G nung nng cho n khi
phn ng hon ton, thu c cht rn G1 v 1,62 gam H2O. S mol ca Fe3O4 v CuO trong hn hp G
ban u ln lt l:
A. 05; 0,01
B. 0,01; 0,05
C. 0,5; 0,01
D. 0,05; 0,1
Bi 3. .Cho 31,9 gam hn hp Al2O3, ZnO, FeO, CaO tc dng ht vi CO d nung nng thu c 28,7 gam
hn hp Y. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lt H2 (ktc). Th tch H2 l:
A. 4,48 lt
B. 5,6 lt
C. 6,72 lt
D. 11,2 lt
Bi 4. Mt hn hp X gm Fe2O3, FeO v Al2O3 c khi lng l 42,4 gam. Khi cho X tc dng vi CO
d, nung nng ngi ta thu c 41,6 gam hn hp rn Y v hn hp kh gm CO, CO2, khi cho hn hp kh
ny qua dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c m gam kt ta. Khi lng kt ta ny bng:
A. 4 gam
B. 16 gam
C. 9,85 gam
D. 32 gam
Bi 5. .t nng mt hn hp X gm bt Fe2O3 v bt Al trong mi trng khng c khng kh. Nhng cht
rn cn li sau phn ng, nu cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d s thu c 0,3 mol H2; nu cho tc
dng vi dung dch HCl d s thu c 0,4 mol H2. Hi s mol Al trong X l bao nhiu?
A. 0,3 mol
B. 0,6 mol
C. 0,4 mol
D. 0,25 mol
Bi 6. Thi t t V lt hn hp kh (ktc) gm CO v H2 i qua mt ng ng 16,8 gam hn hp 3 oxit: CuO,
Fe3O4, Al2O3 nung nng, phn ng hon ton. Sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn v mt hn hp kh
nng hn khi lng ca hn hp V l 0,32 gam. Tnh V v m.
A. 0,224 lt v 14,48 gam.
B. 0,672 lt v 18,46 gam.
C. 0,112 lt v 12,28 gam.
D. 0,448 lt v 16,48 gam.
Bi 7. Kh hon ton 24 gam hn hp CuO v FexOy bng H2 d nhit cao thu c 17,6 gam hn hp 2
kim loi. Khi lng ca H2O to thnh l:
A. 1,8 gam
B. 5,4 gam
C. 7,2 gam
D. 3,6 gam
Bi 8. Cho lung kh CO i qua ng s ng 0,04 mol hn hp A gm FeO, Fe2O3 t nng. Sau khi kt
thc th nghim thu c hn hp B gm 4 cht rn nng 4,784 gam. Kh i ra khi ng s cho hp th vo
dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c 9,062 gam kt ta. % khi lng Fe2O3 trong A l:
A. 86,96%
B. 16,04%
C. 13,04%
D. 6,01%
Bi 9. Cho hi nc i qua than nng c hn hp kh A gm CO2, CO, H2. Ton b lng kh A va
kh ht 48 gam Fe2O3 thnh Fe v thu c 10,8 gam H2O. Phn trm th tch CO2 trong hn hp kh A l
A. 28,571%.
B. 14,289%.
C. 13,235%.
D. 13,135%.
Bi 10. . Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng
hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
A. 0,8 gam.
B. 8,3 gam.
C. 2,0 gam.
D. 4,0 gam.
Bi 11. Dn t t V lt kh CO ( ktc) i qua ng s ng lng d hn hp rn gm CuO, Fe2O3 ( nhit
cao). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c kh X. Dn ton b kh X trn vo lng d dd
Ca(OH)2 th to thnh 4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,12 lt
B. 0,896 lt
C. 0,448 lt
D. 0,224 lt
Bi 12. Thi CO d qua ng ng 217,4 gam hn hp gm CuO, Fe2O3, FeO, Al2O3 nung nng c 215
gam cht rn. Dn ton b kh thot ra vo dung dch nc vi trong d thy c m gam kt ta. Tnh m
A. 15 gam
B. 20 gam
C. 25 gam
D. 30 gam
Bi 13. Dn t t hn hp kh CO v H2 qua ng s ng 20,7 gam hn hp bt cc oxit ZnO, Al2O3, Fe3O4,
CuO, FeO. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 3,36 lt (ktc) hn hp kh v hi ch cha CO2 v
H2O, trong ng s cn li m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,3 gam
B. 18,6 gam
C 16,4 gam
D 20,4 gam
Bi 14. Thi rt chm 2,24 lt (ktc) mt hn hp kh gm CO v H2 qua mt ng s ng hn hp Al2O3,
CuO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 c khi lng l 24 gam d ang c un nng. Sau khi kt thc phn ng khi lng
cht rn cn li trong ng s l
A. 22,4 gam.
B. 11,2 gam.
C. 20,8 gam.
D. 16,8 gam.
Bi 15. Cho 8,1 gam bt Al trn vi 16 gam Fe2O3 thu c hn hp A. Nung nng hn hp A n hon ton
trong iu kin khng c oxi thu c hn hp B. Cho B vo dung dch HCl d, th tch H2 thot ra (ktc) l
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 7,84 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
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cao
Bi 16. Mt hn hp gm Fe; Fe2O3. Nu cho lng kh CO d i qua m gam hn hp trn iu kin nhit
cao, sau khi kt thc phn ng ngi ta thu c 11,2 gam Fe. Nu ngm m gam hn hp trn trong dung
dch CuSO4 d, phn ng xong thu c cht rn c khi lng tng thm 0,8 gam. Khi lng no sau y
l khi lng m ban u.
A. 14 gam
B. 13,6 gam
C. 13 gam
D. 12 gam
Dng 2: CO2 tc dng vi dung dch kim Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2:
I. L thuyt:
- CO2 tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
2CO2 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2
Cc trng hp c th sy ra:
nCO2
nCa(OH)2
TH1
1
TH2
2
Sn phm
-
Ca(OH)2 d
HCO3-
HCO3
HCO3CO2 d
a mol CO2 + b mol Ca(OH)2 , iu kin c kt ta: a / b < 2

C kt ta => c 2 trng hp:
TH1:
nCO2 = n
TH2:
nCO2 = 2.nCa(OH)2 - n
CM:
TH1: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O => nCO2 = n

TH2: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
x
x
x
2CO2 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2
2y
y
nCO2 = x + 2y = 2(x + y) x = 2.nCa(OH)2 - n
- CO2 tc dng vi hn hp nhiu baz [ M(OH)2 v NOH ] , yu cu tnh khi lng kt ta
Nu 1 nOH- / nCO2 2 (to hai mui)
n(CO32-) = n (OH-) n (CO2)
=>
Sau phi so snh n (CO32-) vi n (M2+) tnh lng kt ta
II. Bi tp vn dng:
* C bn
Cu 1. Cho 224 ml kh CO2 (ktc) hp th ht trong 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,2M. Tnh khi lng ca
nhng cht trong dung dch to thnh.
Cu 2. Cho 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) sc vo dung dch NaOH d thu c dung dch A. C cn dung dch A thu
c m gam mui. Tnh gi tr m.
Cu 3. Sc 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch D. Tnh khi lng
cc cht tan trong dung dch D.
Cu 4. Sc 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c dung dch D. Tnh nng
mol/lt ca cc cht tan trong dung dch D.
Cu 5. Sc 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 400 ml dung dch NaOH CM thu c dung dch A. C cn dung dch
A thu c 19 gam hn hp hai mui.
a. Tnh khi lng mi mui.
b. Tnh nng dung dch NaOH em dng.
Cu 7 (C-2010). Hp th hon ton 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 125 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M,thu c
dung dch X. Coi th tch dung dch khng thay i. Xc nh nng mol ca cht tan trong dung dch X
- 41 -

cao
* Nng cao
Cu 1: Hp th hon ton 0,896 lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 100ml dung dch X cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2
0,25M, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c dung dch Y. Trong dung dch Y c cha
A. NaHCO3, Na2CO3.
C. NaHCO3, Ba(HCO3)2.
B. NaOH, Ba(OH)2.
D. Na2CO3, NaOH.
Cu 2: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v
Ba(OH)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 19,70.
B. 17,73.
C. 9,85.
D. 11,82.
Cu 3: Cho 0,448 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp NaOH 0,06M v
Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A.1,182.
B. 3,940.
C. 2,364.
D. 1,970.
Cu 4: Hp th hon ton 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 125 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, thu c dung dch
X. Coi th tch dung dch khng thay i, nng mol ca cht tan trong dung dch X l
A.0,6M.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,2M.
D. 0,1M.
Cu 5: t chy hon ton m gam FeS2 bng mt lng O2 va , thu c kh X. Hp th ht X vo 1 lt
dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,15M v KOH 0,1M, thu c dung dch Y v 21,7 gam kt ta. Cho Y vo dung
dch NaOH, thy xut hin thm kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A.23,2.
B. 18,0.
C. 12,6.
D. 24,0.
Cu 6: Hp th 4,48 lt (ktc) kh CO2 vo 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,4M v KOH 0,2M th thu c dung
dch X. Cho X tc dng vi 0,5 lt dung dch Y gm BaCl2 0,3M v Ba(OH)2 0,025M. Kt ta thu c l
A.24,625 gam.
B.39,400 gam.
C.19,700 gam.
D.32,013 gam.
Cu 7: Hp th hon ton 1,568 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 500ml dung dch NaOH 0,16M thu c dung dch X.
Thm 250 ml dung dch Y gm BaCl2 0,16M v Ba(OH)2 a mol/l vo dung dch X thu c 3,94 gam kt ta
v dung dch Z. Gi tr ca a tha mn bi l:
A. 0,02M.
B. 0,03M.
C. 0,015M.
D. 0,04M.
Cu 8: Cho hp th ht 1,792 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 400ml dung dch NaOH 0,25M, sau phn ng thu c
dung dch A. Rt t t 200ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c nng x(M) vo dung dch A thu c 7,88 gam kt
ta v dung dch C. Gi tr x l
A.0,02M.
B. 0,03M.
C. 0,04M.
D. 0,05M.
Cu 9: Cho hp th ht V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M v Ca(OH)2 3M, sau phn ng
thu c 20 gam kt ta v dung dch A. Rt t t 200ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 c nng x(M) vo dung dch
A thu c 20 gam kt ta na. Gi tr V v x ln lt l
A.11,2 v 0,5.
B. 11,2 v 1,0.
C. 4,48 v 0,5.
D. 4,48 v 1,0 .
Cu 10: Hp th hon ton 0,672 lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 100ml dung dch X cha NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2
0,15M, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c dung dch Y. Trong dung dch Y c cha
A.NaHCO3, Na2CO3.
B. NaHCO3, Ba(HCO3)2.
C.NaOH, Ba(OH)2.
D. Na2CO3, NaOH.
Cu 11: Cho hp th ht V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M v Ca(OH)2 3M, sau phn ng
thu c 10 gam kt ta v dung dch A. Rt t t 200ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 c nng x(M) vo dung dch
A thu c 20 gam kt ta na. Gi tr V v x ln lt l
A.13,44 v 0,5.
B. 8,96 v 1,0.
C. 13,44 v 1,0.
D. 8,96 v 0,5 .
Cu 12: Hp th 6,72 lit SO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch KOH 1M, NaOH 0,85M v BaCl2 0,45M sau
cho tip 300ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M thu c m gam kt ta, gi tr ca m l
A.28,21.
B. 19,53.
C. 26,04.
D. 13,02.
Cu 13: Cho V lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp NaOH 0,06M v
Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu c 1,97gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V l
A.0,224.
B. 0,336.
C. 0,448.
D. 0,672.
Cu 14: Hp th hon ton 3,36 lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 2 lit dung dch Ba(OH)2 a mol/l, sau phn ng thu
c 9,85 gam kt ta. Gi tr a l
A.0,20.
B. 0,10.
C. 0,15.
D. 0,05.
Cu 15: Hp th hon ton V lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng thu
c 19,7 gam kt ta. Gi tr V l
A.2,24 hoc 8,96.
B. 2,24 hoc 6,72.
C. 3,36 hoc 6,72.
D.3,36 hoc 8,96.
Cu 16: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1,5M, thu c dung dch
- 42 -

cao
X. Coi th tch dung dch khng thay i, nng mol ca cht tan trong dung dch X l
A.1M.
B.0,5M.
C.1,5M.
D.2M.
Cu 17: Hp th hon ton 0,672 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt dung dch gm NaOH 0,025M v Ca(OH)2
0,0125M, thu c x gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l
A. 2,00.
B. 1,00.
C. 1,25.
D. 0,75.
Cu 18: Hp th hon ton 0,896 lit kh SO2 ( ktc) vo 100ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,3M v Ca(OH)2
0,3M, sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr m l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 19: Hp th hon ton 0,336 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0, 15M v
Ba(OH)2 0,05M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,970.
B. 0,985.
C.2,955.
D. 1,182.
Cu 20: Cho V(lt) kh CO2 hp th hon ton bi 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5M v NaOH 1,0M. Tnh V
kt ta thu c l cc i?
A. 2,24 lt V 6,72 lt
B. 2,24 lt V 5,6 lt
C. 2,24 lt V 8,96 lt
D. 2,24 lt V 4,48 lt
Cu 21: Sc V lt CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch hn hp cha x mol NaOH v y mol Ba(OH)2. kt ta thu
c l cc i th gi tr ca V l
A. V = 22,4.y.
B. V = 22,4.(x+y).
C. 22,4.y V (y +
).22,4.
D. 22,4.y V (x + y).22,4.
Cu 22: Hp th hon ton 11,2 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch NaOH 1M, KOH 2M sau phn ng
thu c dung dch A. Rt t t 200ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c nng 0,5(M) v BaCl2 2M vo dung dch A
thu c m gam kt ta v dung dch C. Gi tr m l
A. 59,1.
B. 98,5.
C. 39,4.
D. 78,8.
Cu 23: Hp th hon ton 10,08 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M v Ca(OH)2 3M, sau
phn ng thu c x gam kt ta v dung dch A. Lc b kt ta, rt t t 200ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 c nng
0,25(M) vo dung dch A thu c y gam kt ta. Gi tr ca y l
A. 35.
B.25.
C.10.
D.20.
Cu 24: Hp th 4,48 lt (ktc) kh CO2 vo 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M v KOH 0,5M th thu c dung
dch X. Cho X tc dng vi 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,75M. Kt ta thu c l
A. 9,8500.
B.19,700.
C.14,775.
D.12,805.
Cu 25: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lit kh CO2(ktc) vo 200ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M, sau phn ng thu c
dung dch A, un si A n khi thu c cht rn c khi lng khng i l m gam. Gi tr m l
A. 19,0.
B. 15,9.
C. 21,2.
D. 13,7.
Dng 2: Cho khong s mol CO2, s mol M(OH)2 yu cu xc nh khong kt ta v dng ton cho s
mol CO2 v t l kt ta, yu cu xc nh M(OH)2
Cu 26: Hp th V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 300 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng c m gam kt
ta. Khong gi tr m l ( bit 3,36 V 10,64 )
A. 15 m 47,5.
B. 15 m 30.
C. 12,5 m 30.
D. 12,5 m 47,5.
Cu 27: Cho 20,7 gam hn hp gm CaCO3 v K2CO3 phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c kh Y.
Sc ton b kh Y t t vo dung dch ch cha 0,18 mol Ba(OH)2, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr m l
A. 35,46 m > 29,55
B.30,14 m > 29,55
C. 35,46 m 30,14
D. 40,78 m > 29,25
Cu 28: Hp th hon ton V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng c m
gam kt ta, m c th nhn gi tr no di y ? (Bit 1,12 V 6,72)
A. 5 m 10.
B. 5 m 20.
C.10 m 20.
D. 10 m 30
Cu 29: Hp th V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,2 M thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch
BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Bit 0,448 lit < V < 3,136 lit. Gi tr m nm trong
khong
A. 3,94 < m < 11,82. B. 3,94 < m 19,7.
C. 3,94 < m 6.
D. 3,94 < m 11,82.
Cu 30: Hp th hon ton V lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng thu c
m gam kt ta. Gi tr m c th l (Bit 10,08 V 12,32)
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cao
A. 49,25.
B. 19,70.
C. 39,4.
D. 35,46.
BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Bit 3,92 V 6,16. Gi tr m c th l
A. 39,40.
B. 29,55.
C. 19,70.
D. 27,58.
BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Bit 5,04 V 7,84. Gi tr m c th l
A. 39,40.
B. 49,25.
C. 29,55.
D. 59,10.
Cu 34: Cho 16,8 gam hn hp gm CaCO3 v NaHCO3 phn ng ht vi dung dch HCl d, thu c kh Y.
Sc ton b kh Y t t vo dung dch ch cha 0,18 mol Ba(OH)2, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr m c th
l
A. 32,505.
B. 39,400.
C. 19,700.
D. 29,550.
Cu 35: Hp th hon ton 11,2 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M , sau phn ng thu c 3a gam
kt ta. Mt khc, nu hp th hon ton 13,44 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M, th sau phn ng
thu c 2a gam kt ta. Gi tr x l
A. 4,0.
B. 3,5.
C. 3,0.
D. 2,5.
Cu 36 : Hp th hon ton 4,48 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M , sau phn ng thu c a gam
thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr x l
A. 4,0.
B. 3,5.
C. 3,0.
D. 2,5.
Cu 37: Hp th hon ton 11,2 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M , sau phn ng thu c 5a gam
thu c 8a gam kt ta. Gi tr x l
A. 6,5.
B. 7,0.
C. 6,0.
D. 5,5.
Cu 38 : Hp th hon ton 6,72 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M , sau phn ng thu c 5a
gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu hp th hon ton 11,2 lit CO2 vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 x M, th sau phn
ng thu c 3a gam kt ta. Gi tr x l
A. 3,0.
B. 4,0.
C. 2,0.
D. 3,5.
Dng 3: Dng ton CO2 tc dng vi NaOH (v Na2CO3) (c xt mc sau phn ng)
Cu 39: Hp th hon ton V lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, sau phn ng thu c
dung dch X c cha 25,2 gam cht tan. Gi tr V l
A. 4,48.
B. 6,72.
C. 8,96.
D. 3,36.
Cu 40: Hp th hon ton 8,96 lit kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH xM, sau phn ng thu c
dung dch X c cha 36,9 gam cht tan. Gi tr x l
A. 1,1.
B. 1,0.
C. 2,1.
D. 2,0.
Cu 41: Ha tan hon ton 10,8 gam kim loi M vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng d, sau phn ng thu c
kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht). Hp th hon ton kh SO2 thu c sau phn ng vo 200 ml dung dch
NaOH 2,5M, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y c cha 47,9 gam cht tan. Kim loi M l
A. Al.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Fe.
Cu 42: Hp th hon ton V lit kh SO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch NaOH 3M, sau phn ng thu c
dung dch X c cha 23 gam cht tan. Gi tr V l
A. 2,24.
B. 3,36.
C. 4,48.
D. 6,72.
Cu 43: Hp th hon ton 6,72 lit kh SO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch NaOH x M, sau phn ng thu c
A. 4,0.
B. 4,5.
C. 5,0.
D. 5,5.
Cu 44: Ha tan hon ton m gam kim loi Cu vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng d, sau phn ng thu c kh
SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht). Hp th hon ton kh SO2 thu c sau phn ng vo 200 ml dung dch KOH
2,5M, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y c cha 37,2 gam cht tan. Gi tr m l
A. 12,8.
B. 6,4.
C. 19,2.
D. 16,0.
Cu 45: Hp th hon ton 6,72 lit kh SO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch KOH x M, sau phn ng thu c
A. 5,5.
B. 6,0.
C. 6,5.
D. 5,0.
Cu 46: Hp th hon ton V lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch KOH 2,5 M, sau phn ng thu c
- 44 -

cao
A. 4,48.
B. 3,36.
C. 6,72.
D. 8,96.
Cu 47: Hp th hon ton V lit CO2 (ktc) vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch X c cha NaOH 1M v
Na2CO3 0,5M). Kt tinh mui thu c sau phn ng (ch lm bay hi nc) th thu c 30,5 gam cht rn
khan. Gi tr V l :
A. 5,600.
B. 6,720.
C. 5,712.
D. 7,840.
Cu 48: Cho 0,15 mol kh CO2 vo 200ml dung dch cha NaOH xM v Na2CO3 0,4M thu c dung dch X
cha 19,98 gam hn hp mui. Xc nh nng mol/l ca NaOH trong dung dch?
A. 0,70M.
B. 0,75M.
C. 0,50M.
D. 0,60M.
Cu 49: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch X c cha NaOH xM v
Na2CO3 0,5M, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y c cha 29,6 gam cht tan . Gi tr x l :
A. 1,5.
B. 2,5.
C. 1,0.
D. 2,0.
Cu 50: Hp th hon ton lit 4,48 lit kh CO2 (ktc) vo bnh ng 200ml dung dch X c cha NaOH xM
v Na2CO3 0,5M, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y c cha 35,8 gam cht tan . Gi tr x l :
A. 2,5.
B. 2,0.
C. 1,0.
D. 1,5.
Cu 51: Ha tan hon ton 3,2 gam kim loi M vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng d, sau phn ng thu c
kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht). Hp th hon ton lng kh SO2 vo 100ml dung dch X c cha NaOH
1,4M v Na2SO3 0,4M, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y, nh tip dung dch BaCl2
d vo dung dch Y thu c 21,7 gam kt ta, un si dung dch dch sau phn ng li thu thm kt ta. Kim
loi M v gi tr V ln lt l
A. Cu.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Al.
Cu 52: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 0,2M v KOH x mol/lt,
sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2
(d), thu c 11,82 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch li thu thm kt ta. Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,6.
B. 1,2.
C. 1,0.
D. 1,4.
Cu 53: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 0,5M v NaOH 0,75M thu
c dung dch X. Cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c kt ta c khi lng l
A. 9,85gam.
B. 29,55 gam.
C. 19,7gam.
D. 39,4 gam.
Cu 54: Hp th hon ton V lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 1M v KOH 0,8M, sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d), thu
c 11,82 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch li thu thm kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A.2,240.
B.3,136.
C.3,360.
D.2,688.
Cu 55: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 x M v KOH 0,5 M, sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d),
thu c 29,55 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch li thu thm kt ta na . Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,0.
B. 1,5.
C. 2,0.
D. 2,5.
Cu 56: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 0,5M v NaOH 2,5M thu
A. 98,5.
B. 39,4.
C. 78,8.
D. 59,1.
Cu 57: Hp th hon ton 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 1M v NaOH 3M thu c
dung dch X. Cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c kt ta c khi lng l
A. 29,55.
B. 19,70.
C. 39,40.
D. 49,25.
Cu 58: Hp th hon ton 6,72 lit CO2 (ktc) vo 100ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 2M v NaOH 2M thu
A. 19,70.
B. 39,40.
C. 29,55.
D. 49,25.
Cu 59: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 2M v KOH xM, sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d), thu
c 49,25 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch li thu thm kt ta na . Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,0.
B. 1,5.
C. 2,0.
D. 2,5.
Cu 60: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 x M v KOH 0,5 M, sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d),
thu c 19,7 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch li thu thm kt ta na . Gi tr ca x l
A. 2,0.
B. 1,5.
C. 2,5.
D. 1,0.
- 45 -

cao
Dng 4: Dng ton th hin tnh cht ca CO32-, HCO3a) Nh t t dung dch c cha H+ vo dung dch cha CO32- (HCO3-)
Cu 61: Cho t t dung dch cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na2CO3 ng thi khuy u, thu
c V lt kh ( ktc) v dung dch X. Khi cho d nc vi trong vo dung dch X thy c xut hin kt ta.
Biu thc lin h gia V vi a, b l:
A. V = 22,4(a - b).
B. V = 11,2(a - b).
C. V = 11,2(a + b).
D. V = 22,4(a + b).
Cu 62: Nh t t tng git n ht 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 0,2M v
NaHCO3 0,2M, sau phn ng thu c s mol CO2 l
A. 0,020.
B. 0,030.
C. 0,015.
D. 0,010.
Cu 63: Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO31,5M v KHCO3 1M. Nh t t tng git cho n ht 200
ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,12.
B. 2,24.
C. 4,48.
D. 3,36.
Cu 64: Dung dch X c cha a mol Na2CO3 v b mol NaHCO3. Nh t t 0,15 mol dung dch HCl vo dung
dch X th sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y v thot ra 0,045 mol kh. Nh tip dung dch nc vi trong
d vo dung dch Y th thu c 15 gam kt ta. Gi tr a v b ln lt l
A.0,105 v 0,09.
B. 0,105 v 0,08.
C. 0,09 v 0,105.
D. 0,08 v 0,105.
Cu 65: Cho tht chm dung dch cha 0,02 mol HCl v 0,02 mol NaHSO4 vo dung dch cha hn hp
0,02 mol Na2CO3 v 0,012 mol K2CO3. Th tch kh CO2 ( ktc) sinh ra l
A.0,1792 lit.
B. 0,7168 lit.
C. 0,448 lit.
D. 0,224 lit.
Cu 66: Thm t t dung dch HCl c pH = 0 vo dung dch cha 5,25 gam hn hp mui cacbonnat ca 2
kim loi kim k tip nhau n khi c 0,015 mol kh thot ra th dng li. Cho dung dch thu c tc dng
vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d cho 3 gam kt ta. Cng thc ca 2 mui v th tch dung dch HCl dng l
A. Li2CO3 v Na2CO3; 0,03 lit.
C. Li2CO3 v Na2CO3; 0,06 lit.
B. Na2CO3 v K2CO3; 0,03 lit.
D. Na2CO3 v K2CO3; 0,06 lit.
Cu 67: Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO3 1M. Nh t t tng git cho n ht 450
ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 200 ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D.1,12.
Cu 68: Thm t t 300ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 200ml dung dch hn hp gm Na2CO3 1M v NaHCO3
0,5M c dung dch A v gii phng V lt kh CO2 (ktc) . Cho thm nc vi vo dung dch A ti d thu
c m gam kt ta trng. Gi tr ca m v V l
A. 15gam v 3,36lt. B. 20gam v 3,36lt.
C. 20 gam v 2,24lt.
D. 15gam v 2,24lt.
Cu 69: Trn 100ml dd cha KHCO3 1M v K2CO3 1M vi 100ml dung dch cha NaHCO3 1M v
Na2CO3 1M c 200ml dung dch X. Nh t t 100ml dung dch Y cha H2SO4 1M v HCl 1M vo dung
dch X c V lt CO2 (ktc) v dung dch Z. Cho Ba(OH)2 d vo Z th thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca
V v m l:
A.2,24 v 59,1.
B.1,12 v 59,1.
C.2,24 v 82,4.
D.1,12 v 82,4.
Cu 70: Thm t t 70ml dung dch H2SO4 1M vo 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 1M thu c dung dch Y. Cho
Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch Y th khi lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 22,22g
B. 11,82g
C. 28,13g
D. 16,31g
Cu 71: Nh t t 200ml dung dch X c cha HCl 2M v NaHSO4 0,5M vo 100 ml dung dch Y c cha
Na2CO3 2M v K2CO3 1M, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c V lit kh CO2 (ktc) v dung dch Z,
nh Ba(OH)2 n d vo dung dch Z th thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr V v m ln lt l
A. 2,24 v 62,7.
B. 2,24 v 39,4.
C.4,48 v 19,7.
D. 4,48 v 43,0.
Cu 72: Nh t t tng git n ht 100 ml dung dch HCl x M vo 100 ml dung dch cha Na2CO3 2M v
NaHCO3 3M, sau phn ng thu c V lit CO2 (ktc) v dung dch Y, nh tip dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo
dung dch Y th thu c 39,4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
Cu 73: Nh t t tng git n ht 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 xM vo 100 ml dung dch Na2CO3 y M, sau
phn ng 2,24 lit kh CO2 (ktc) v dung dch Y, nh tip dung dch Ba(OH)2 n d vo dung dch Y th thu
c 86 gam kt ta. Gi tr x v y ln lt l
A. 2,5; 4.
B. 1,5; 2.
C. 2,0; 3.
D. 2,5; 3.
- 46 -

cao
b) Nh t t dung dch cha Na2CO3 (NaHCO3) vo dung dch HCl
Cu 74: Cho tht chm dung dch cha hn hp 0,01 mol Na2CO3 v 0,01 mol KHCO3 vo dung dch cha
hn hp 0,04 mol HCl v 0,03 mol NaHSO4. Th tch kh CO2 sinh ra ktc l
A. 0,448 lit.
B. 0,672 lit.
C. 0,896 lit.
D. 0,224 lit.
Cu 75: Nh t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 2M v NaHCO3 1M vo 200ml dung dch HCl 2,25M, sau phn
ng thu c V lt kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr V l.
A. 5,600.
B. 5,824.
C. 7,280.
D. 6,384.
Cu 76: Nh t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 2M v NaHCO3 1M vo 200ml dung dch HCl 3M, sau phn
A. 6,72.
B. 4,48.
C. 8,96.
D. 3,36.
A. 7,84.
B. 9,52.
C. 11,20.
D. 10,64.
A. 5,04.
B. 4,48.
C. 3,36.
D. 6,72.
A. 6,72.
B. 7,28.
C. 8,96.
D. 5,60.
c) Lm hai th nghim ngc nhau
Cu 80: Cho t t tng git ca dung dch cha b mol HCl vo dung dch cha a mol Na2CO3 thu c V lt
CO2. Ngc li, cho t t tng git ca dung dch cha a mol Na2CO3 vo dung dch cha b mol HCl thu
c 2V lt CO2. So snh a v b.
A. a = 0,8b.
B. a = 0,35b.
C. a = 0,75b.
D. a = 0,5b.
Cu 81: Cho rt t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 x M vo 100ml dung dch HCl y M thu c 2,24 lit CO2
(ktc). Nu lm ngc li thu c 1,12 lit CO2 (ktc). Ga tr x v y ln lt l
A. 1M v 1,5M.
B. 1M v 2,5M.
C. 1M v 2M.
D. 1,5M v
2M.
Cu 82: Cho t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 2M vo 100ml dung dch HCl 3,5M sau phn thu c V1 lit
kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, nu lm th nghim ngc li th thu c V2 lit kh CO2. T l V1: V2 l
A. 6 : 7.
B. 7 : 6.
C. 5 : 6.
D. 6 : 5.
Cu 83: Nh t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 1,5M vo 100ml dung dch HCl x M sau phn ng thu c
1,25V lit kh CO2 (ktc). Nu lm ngc li th thu c V lit kh CO2 (ktc). Gi tr x l
A. 1,5.
B. 2,0.
C. 2,5.
D. 3,0.
Cu 84: Cho rt t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 x M vo 100ml dung dch HCl y M thu c 5,6 lit CO2
(ktc). Nu lm ngc li thu c 4,48 lit CO2 (ktc). Gi tr x v y ln lt l
A. 2; 4.
B. 3; 5.
C. 4; 6.
D. 5; 7.
Cu 85: Cho rt t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 x M vo 100ml dung dch HCl 4 M thu c 2V lit CO2
(ktc). Nu lm ngc li thu c V lit CO2 (ktc). Gi tr x v V ln lt l
A. 2; 2,24.
B. 2; 4,48.
C. 3; 4,48.
D. 3; 2,24..
Cu 86: Cho rt t t 100ml dung dch Na2CO3 2 M vo 100ml dung dch HCl x M thu c 1,5V lit CO2
(ktc). Nu lm ngc li thu c V lit CO2 (ktc). Gi tr x v V ln lt l
A. 2,5; 1,12.
B. 3,0; 2,24.
C. 3,5; 3,36.
D. 2,5; 2,24.
d) Tnh cht khc ca HCO3Cu 87: Cho m gam NaOH vo 2 lt dung dch NaHCO3 nng a mol/l, thu c 2 lt dung dch X. Ly 1
lt dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d) thu c 11,82 gam kt ta. Mt khc, cho 1 lt dung dch
X vo dung dch CaCl2 (d) ri un nng, sau khi kt thc cc phn ng thu c 7,0 gam kt ta. Gi tr
ca a, m tng ng l
A. 0,08 v 4,8.
B. 0,04 v 4,8.
C. 0,14 v 2,4.
D. 0,07 v 3,2.
Cu 88: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca2+, Na+, HCO3 v Cl, trong s mol ca ion Cl l 0,1. Cho1/2
dung dch X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dung dch Xcn li phn
- 47 -

cao
ng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn dung dch X th thu
c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,79.
B. 9,21.
C. 9,26.
D. 7,47.
Cu 89: Cho dung dch X gm: 0,007 mol Na+; 0,003 mol Ca2+; 0,006 mol Cl; 0,006 mol HCO3 v0,001
mol NO3. loi b ht Ca2+ trong X cn mt lng va dung dch cha a gam Ca(OH)2. Gi tr ca a
l
A. 0,180.
B. 0,120.
C. 0,444.
D. 0,222.
Cu 90: Cho 17,5 gam hn hp X gm hai mui MHCO3 v M2CO3 tc dng va vi dung dch
Ca(OH)2 c 20 gam kt ta. Nu cng 17,5 cho tc dng vi dung dch CaCl2 d c 10 gam kt ta.
Cho 17,5 g X tc dng va vi V lt dung dch KOH 2M. Gi tr va V l
A. 0,2 lt.
B. 0,1 lt.
C. 0,4 lt.
- 48 -
D. 0,05 lt.

Bai Tap Boi Duong Kien Thuc Lop 11 Nang Cao

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Bai Tap Boi Duong Kien Thuc Lop 11 Nang Cao

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Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 c bn + nng cao

HNO3 11. BaSO4

Bin son: Nguyn Xun Phong

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

Cu 5: Nc ng vai tr g trong qu trnh in li cc cht tan trong nc ?

cc cht trong nuc ra ion.

Cu 25: Dy cht no di y ch gm nhng cht in li mnh ?

B. CaCl2, CuSO4, H2S, HNO3

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

C. H2SO4, NaCl, KNO3 , Ba(NO3)2

D. KCl, H2SO4, H2O, MgCl2

Cu 26: Cht no sau y dn in tt nht?

B. NaCl, AgCl, Cu(OH)2 , HCl

C. Ba(OH)2, HNO3, AgCl, Cu(OH)2

D, NaCl, Ba(OH)2, HNO3, H2SO3

Bi ton 2: NH BO TON IN TCH

+ Cch tnh mol in tch: ndt sochi dt. nion

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

Bi ton 4. HNG S PHN LI AXIT V BAZO

* Ka ph thuc vo bn cht axit v nhit

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

* Kb ph thuc vo nhit , bn cht bazo

Bi 4.3. Cn bng sau tn ti trong dung dch : CH3COOH

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

Cu 8: Dung dch HCl 0,001M th :

Cu 9: Trn 100 ml dd NaOH 0,1M vi 100 ml dd H2SO4 0,1M thu c dd lm phenolphtalein ho :

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

Cu 24: Khi hon tan NaHCO3 vo nc, dung dch thu c c gi tr

Cu 25: Cho cc dung dch sau y, chn nhn xt ng v gi tr pH.

B. CuSO4 ,NaNO3 , K2CO3

C. K2CO3, CuSO4 , FeCl3

NaNO3, FeCl3, AlCl3

B. NaNO 3, KCl, CuSO4

C. NaNO3 , KCl, AlCl3, CuSO4

Cu 28: Hn hp mui no sau y khi ho tan trong nc to dung dch c pH khc 7

B. NaCl v NaHCO 3, pH > 7

C. NaHSO4 v K2SO4, pH < 7

Cu 29: Cho phn ng 2NO2 + 2 NaOH

NaNO2 + NaNO3 + H2O

B. NaOH, Na 2CO3 , NaHCO3

C. NaHCO3 ,Na2CO3 ,NaOH

D. Na2CO3, NaOH, NaHCO3

B. Na 2SO4, H2SO4, NaHSO4

C. NaHSO4, H2SO4, Na2SO4

D. H 2SO4, NaHSO4, Na2SO4

Trng PT Nguyn Vn Linh

Ti liu bi dng kin thc ha hc lp 11 nng

Cu 38: Chn cu ng trong cc cu sau ?

B. Gi tr pH tng th axit tng

C. 1,8 mol Al2(SO4)3

Cu 40: Vi dung dch NaOH 0,01M. th nhn xt no sau l ng ?

B. pH = 2 v [Na +] = [OH-] = 10-2

C. pH = 12 v [Na+] > [OH-]

D. pH = 12 v [Na +] = [OH-] = 10-2