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d{kk&12

fo"k; jlk;u 'kkL=


vkn'kZ iz'u i=
lsV A
le; 3 ?kaVs
funsZ'k %&
12345-

iw.kkZd % 75

lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSA


iz'u ekad 1 ls 4 rd oLrqfu"B rFkk ,d&,d vad okys gSA
iz'u ekad 5 ls 17 rd lHkh iz'uksa esa fodYi dk izko/kku gSA
iz'u - 5 ls
ls 14 rd 4 vad vkSj 15 ls 17 gsrq 5 vad vkoafVr gSA
4 vadks okys iz'uksa gsrq 'kCn lhek yxHkx 75 ,oa 5 vadks ds fy;s vf/kdre
'kCn lhek 100 ds yxHkx gksuh pkfg;sA

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.

All questions are compulsory

2.

From question no. 1 to 4 are objective in nature and each carry one
mark.

3.

There is internal choice in each question from 5 to 17.

4.

4 marks are alloted from question 5 to 14 and 5 marks alloted from 15


to 17.

5.

Limit of answers for 4 marks is approxmately 75 words and for 5


marks upto 100 words.

iz-1

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, &


i

fof'k"V pkydrk dh bdkbZ --------------------------- gSA

ii

csUthu rFkk VkWywbZu dk feJ.k ,d ------------------------------- foy;u gSA

iii

lkcquhdj.k f;k ------------------- dksfV dh vfHkf;k dk mnkgj.k gSA

iv

yksjhu dk ijek.kq ekad gSA

v.kqla[;rk lnSo ---------------------------- gksrh gSA

Fill in the blanks :(i)

Unit of specific conductivity is .................... .....................

(ii)

The mixture of Benzene and Toluene is a ........... solution

(iii) Saporication reaction is an example of .... order of reaction


(iv) The atomic number of Florine is ...........................................
(v)
iz-2

Molecularity is always a .......................................................

,d okD; esa mRrj fy[ksaA


i

dksykWbMh d.kksa dh xfr dks D;k grs gSa \

ii

gkbMkstu ij vkWDlkbM dk QkWLQksfjd vEy }kjk vi?kVu dkSu ls izdkj


dk mRizsjd dgykrk gSA

iii

ok;qeaMy esa mifLFkr fo"kSyh xSlksa dks vf/k"kksf"kr djus ds fy;s iz;qDr
midj.k dk uke fyf[k,A

iv

d&Cykd

iUnzgosa lewg ds rRoksa dks D;k dgrs gSaA

ds rRo dks D;k dgrs gSaA

Write answer in one sentene.


(i)

Moment of particles of colliodes is called?

(ii)

The decomposition of Hydrogen peroxide by Phospbhoric


acid represents which kind of Catalyst?

(iii) Write the name of device containing an Adsorbant which


adsorbs poisonous gases from the atmosphere.
(iv) d-blocks elements are called ?
(v)
iz-3

Give one name to fifteenth group of elements.

izR;sd oLrqfu"B esa fn;s x;s fodYiksa esa ls lgh mRrj fyf[k;s %&
Write the correct answer from the given options provided in
every objective type question.

fo|qr dk loksZRre lqpkyd


kyd gS
i

ghjk

ii xzsQkbV

iii flfydkWu

vi v"Vyh; dkcZu

Best conductor of electricity is (i)


c

Diamond (ii) Graphite


Amorphous Carbon

(iii) Silicon

CuSO4 . 5H2O dgykrk gS


i

gjk dlhl

iii lQsn dlhl

ii uhyk dlhl
iv ftIle

CuSO4 . 5H2O also known as (i)

Green Vitrol

(iii) White Vitrol


l

(ii)

Blue Vitrol

(iv) Gypsum

fuEufyf[kr esa ls 8%8 dksvkfMZus'ku dk mnkgj.k gS

(iv)

C.

D.

KCl

ii

CaF2

iii

CSCl

iv

ZnS

Which is the example of 8:8 coordination in following


i

KCl

ii

CaF2

iii

CSCl

iv

ZnS

foVkfeu B12 esa /kkrq mifLFkr gS %&


i

Mg

ii

Fe

iii

Co

iv

Zn

Metal present in Vitamin B12 is


i

Mg

ii

Fe

iii

Co

iv

Zn

lw= C3H9N ds laHko leko;oh esa izkFkfed ,ehu dh la[;k gS %&


i

ii

iii

iv

Possible number of primary Amine isomers of formula C3H9N is

i
iz-4

ii

iii

iv

LrEHk ^v* ds fy;s LrE


LrEHk
rEHk ^c* ls pqudj lgh tksM+h cukb;sA

,uhyhu

vk;fud fLVy

ii nw/k

ZnS

iii NaCl

ik;l

iv sady nks"k

C6H5N2Cl

v Mk;tksfu;e yo.k

C6H5NH2

lgla;ksth fLVy
>kx
kx
Make the correct pair from Column "A" choosing from
Column "B"

iz-5

Aniline

Ionic Crystal

ii Milk

ZnS

iii NaCl

Emulsin

iv Frankel defect

C6H5N2Cl

v Diazonium salt

C6H5NH2
Covalent crystal
Form

vfHkf;k dh dksfV ls D;k vfHkizk; gSA


fuEufyf[kr vfHkf;k dh dksfV crkb;sA
i

H 2 + I 2 2 HI

ii

2 N 2 O5 4 NO2 + O2

What do you mean by order of a reaction?


Give the order of reaction of following reactions
(i)

H 2 + I 2 2 HI

(ii)

2 N 2 O5 4 NO2 + O2

(OR)
vfHkf;k dh nj dks izHkkfor djus okys fdUgh pkj dkjdksa dks le>kb;sA
Describe any four factors affecting rate of reaction
iz-6

dkWij lYQsV foy;u dh fuEu ds lkFk gksus okyh vfHkf;kvksa ds dsoy lehj.k
fyf[k;sA

(i)

NaOH foy;u

(ii)

NH4OH

(iii) KI foy;u
(iv) KCN
Write the chemical equation only when CuSO4reacts with the following regents

(i)

NaOH Solution

(ii)

NH4OH

(iii) KI Solution
(iv) KCN
(OR)
dkWij ,oa yksgs ds nks izeq[k v;Ldksa ds uke o lw= fyf[k, \
Write the name and chemical formula of two ores of each of
copper and Iron ?
iz-7

veksfu;k fuekZ.k dh gSoj fof/k ds


ds la;a= dk ukekafdr js[kkfp= cukb;s ,oa gksus
okyh jklk;fud f;k dh lehdj.k nhft;sA
Draw a labelled diagram for the manufacture of NH3 by Haber's
process and write equation of the reaction taking place.

vFkok (OR)
yky QkWLQksjl rFkk lQsn QkWLQksjl ds pkj xq.kksa dh rqyuk dhft,A
Compare any four the properties of red phosphorus with white
phosphorus.
iz-8

fojatd pw.kZ ds pkj mi;ksx nhft, A


Give four uses of Bleaching powder
(OR)

Dyksjhu }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu LFkkbZ gksrk gSA tcfd SO2 }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu
vLFkkbZ gksrk gS D;ksa \
Decolorization of flowers by SO2 is temporary while chlorine
decolorize them permanent why ?
iz-9

cuZj ds milgla;ksth ;ksfxd ds fl)kUr dh izeq[k pkj vfHkxzghr fyf[k,A


fyf[k,A
Explain four main postulates of werner's theory of co-ordination
compound.
(OR)
fuEu fyf[kr dks le>kb;sA
i

vk;uu leko;ork

ii

dkcZ/kkfRod ;kSfxdksa ds mi;ksx

Explain following
(i)

Ionization Isomerism.

(ii)

Uses of organo metallic compound.

iz-10 fuEufyf[kr jklk;f


jklk;fud vfHkf;kvks
vfHkf;kvksa ds fy, dsoy lehdj.k
lehdj.k fy[kksaA
i

ls.M es;j vfHkf;kA

ii

gqUlMhdj vfHkf;kA

iii

dkfcZy ,ehu vfHkf;kA

iv

oqVZt vfHkf;kA

Write only the equation for following chemical reaction.


(i)

Sand Meyer reaction

(ii)

Hunsdicker reaction

(iii) Carbyl amine reaction

(iv) Wurtz reaction


(OR)
D;k gksrk gS tc &
i

,fFky czksekbM dks ,Ydksgyh flYoj ukbVkbV foy;u ds lkFk f;k


djrk gSA

ii

CHCl3 dh f;k HNO3 ds lkFk gksrh gSA

iii

CHCl3 dks lw;Z izdk'k vksj ue gok esa [kqyk NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA

iv

CHCl3 dks Ag pw.kZ ds lkFk xeZ djrs gSaA

What happens when -

(i)

Ethyl bromide reacts with silver nitrite in presence of


alcohol

(ii)

CHCl3 react with HNO3

(iii) CHCl3 exposed in moist air and sunlight.


(iv) CHCl3 heated with Ag powder.
iz-11 i

fQukWy ,oa ,Ydksgy esa foHksn dhft, dksbZ pkj


vFkok

ii

bZFkj dh iz;ksx 'kkyk fof/k dk dsoy ukekafdr fp= cukdj vfHkf;k


fyf[k,A

(i)

Differentiate phenol and alcohol (Any four)?


OR

(ii)

Draw labelled diagram of Lab. method of ether and write


chemical reaction only.

iz-12 QkesZfYMgkbM ds pkj mi;ksx fyf[k;sA


Write four uses of formadehyde.

vFkok OR
fuEufyf[kr jklk;fud f;kvksa ds dsoy lehdj.k fyf[k;sA

Write followwing reactions (only equation)


i

ifdZu vfHkf;kA

ii

jkstueqaM vfHkf;kA

(i)

Parkin's reaction

(ii)

Rojanmund reaction

iz-13 dkcksZgkbMsV D;k gksrs gSa \ buds dksbZ nks dk;Z crkb;sA
What are carbohydrates ? Give their any two functions
(OR)
foVkfeu D;k gksrs gSaA foVkfeu A, C dh deh ls gksus okys jksx crkb;sA
What are vitamins ? Mention diseases caused by deficiency of
vitamin A, C.
iz-14 fuEu ij la{ksi esa fVIi.kh fyf[k,
i

vkpk;Z pjd

ii

viektZd

Write the short notes on the following


(i)

Acharya Charak

(ii)

Detergent
(OR)

fuEu ij fVIi.kh fyf[k,A


i

vQhe

ii

d`f=e e/kqdkjd

Write the short notes on the following


(i)

Opium

(ii)

Artificial sweeteners

iz-15 lae.k /kkrqvksa esa ladqy ;kSfxd cukus dh izo`fRr gksrh gS D;ksa \
i

ik;jks Y;wlkbV v;Ld ds iksVsf'k;e ijesxusV cukus dh fof/k dks


lehdj.k lfgr nhft,A

(i)

Transition metals have tendency to form complex


compound why ?

(ii)

Give the method for the preparation of pottassium


permaganate with equation from pyrolusite are
(OR)
ySUFksukbM ,oa ,fDVukbV dh 5 fcUnqvksa esa rqyuk dhft,A
Compare any 5 points betwen lanthanides and actinides

iz-16 jkmYV ds fu;e dh O;k[;k dhft, rFkk bldh lhek,sa fyf[k,A


Define rault's law and state it limitations.
(OR)
(i)

ijklj.k fdls dgrs gSaA ijklj.k ,oa ijklj.k nkc dks le>kb;sA
Explain Osmosis and Osmotic pressure ?

(ii)

Xywdksl ds ml foy;u dh lkUnzrk Kkr djks tks 6-0 xzke izfr yhVj
;wfj;k foy;u ds leijkljh gSA Xywdksl dk v.kq Hkkj 180 rFkk
;wfj;k dk v.kq Hkkj 60
Find the concentration of glucose solution which is isotonic of
6.0 = gm/ltr. Urea solution (Molecular weight of glucose is =
180 and molecular weight of Urea is = 60.)

iz-17 1- dksyjk'k dk fu;e D;k gS \ blds vuqiz;ks


;ksx crkb;sA
What is Kohlrausch's law ? give applications of Kohlrausch's law

vFkok (OR)

2- la{kkj.k D;k gS \ la{kkj.k dh fo|qr jklk;fud f;k dks le>kb;sA


What is corrosion ? Describe electrochemical theory of corrosion.

d{kk XII
jlk;u 'kkL=
vkn'kZ mRrj
lsV&A
iz'u 1 fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ
v vkse&1 lseh & 1
c vkn'kZ foy;u
n f}rh; dksfV
b 9
b iw.kkZad
[uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1
iz'u 2 ,d okD; esa mRrj
1 czkmuh xfr dgrs gSA
2 _.kkRed mRizsjd dgrs gSA
3 midj.k dk uke xSl ekLd gSA
4 lae.k rRo dgrs gSA
5 fudkstu dgrs gSA
[uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus
fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1
iz'u 3 v xzsQkbV
c uhyk dlhl
l CsCl
n Co
b 2
[uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1
iz'u 4 v C6 H5 NH2
c ik;l
l vk;fud fLVy
n ZnS
b C6 H5 N2Cl
[uksV %& izR;sd lgh mRrj fy[kus
fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1$1

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

vad feysaxsA ]

iz'u 5 i vfHkf;k dh dksfV %& jklk;fud vfHkf;kds osx dks izHkkfor djus
okys f;kdkjdksa dh lkaUnzrk ds ?kkrkadks ds ;ksx dsk vfHkf;k dh
dksfV dgrs gS &
1 ii

H2

$ I2 2H1
f}rh; dksfV dh vfHkf;k

2N2O5 $ 4NO2$02
izFke dksfV dh vfHkf;k

uksV %& 1 ,oa 2 lgh fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA


vFkok
vfHkf;k dh nj dks izHkkfor djus okys izeq[k dkjd fuEukuqlkj gS &
i

vfHkdkjdksa dh lkUnzrk %& vfHkdkjd dh lkUnzrk c<kus ij vfHkf;k


dh nj esa o`f} gks tkrh gS

ii

fudk; dk rki %& fuf'pr lkaUnzrk ij rki c<+kus ls vfHkf;k dk


osx c<+rk gSA izfr 100C rki c<+kus ij osx nks xquk ;k frxquk gks
tkrk gSA

iii

vfHkdkjdksa dh izd`fr %& ftu vfHkdkjdksa esa mifLFkr cU/k ljyrk ls


VwVrs gS mudh vfHkf;k, rhoz osx ls gksrh gSA

iv

mRizsjd dh mifLFkfr %& mRizsjd lf;.k tkZ dk eku de dj nsrk


gS ftlls lf; v.kqvksa dk va'k c<+ tkrk gSA vkSj vfHkf;k dk osx
c<+ tkrk gSA
uksV %& 4 dkjd fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA
iz'u 6 mRrj i dkij lYQsV foy;u esa

NaOH

foy;u feykus ij &

(i)

CuSO4+2Na0H
Cu (OH)2 + Na2 SO4

(ii)

CuSO4+4NH4 OH
[Cu (NH3)4 ] SO4 + 4H2O

(iii) CuSO4+2KI
K2SO4 + Cu12
2CuI2
Cu2I2
(iv) CuSO4+10KCN
2K3 [Cu(CN)4] + K2SO4 + (CN)2

uksV %& lgh lehjd.k fy[kus ij 1$1$1$1 vad izkIr gksxsaA


vFkok
dkWij ds v;Ldksa ds uke ,oa lw=
i D;wizkbV ;k :ch dkWij
ii dkij ik;jkbVht
iii esysdkbV

Cu2O

CuFeS2

Cu CO3 Cu (OH)2

yksgs ds izeq[k v;Ldksa ds uke ,oa lw=


i gsesVkbV
ii flMsjkbM

Fe203

vkDlkbM v;Ld

FeCO3

dkcksZusV v;Ld

iii vk;ju ik;jkbVht

FeS2

lYQkbM v;Ld

uksV %& nks&nks v;Ld fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA buds vfrfjDr dksbZ
vU; v;Ld Hkh fy[ks tk ldrs gSaA
iz'u 7 fp=

gsoj fof/k ds }kjk veksfu;k dk fuekZ.k

vfHkf;k ds lehdj.k
N 2 + 3H 2

Mo
Fe
+

2 NH 3

200 Al

uksV %& 2 vad fp= o 2 vad lehdj.k fy[kus ij izkIr gksxsaA


vFkok

xq.k

01 xa/k

yky QkLQksjl

lQsn QkLQksjl

xa/kghu

yglqu ds leku xa/k

vfoys;

iw.kZr% foys; gSA

03 ok;q esa

dksbZ f;k ugha gksrh

va/ksjs esa pedrk gSA

04 f;k'khyrk

de f;k'khy

vf/kd f;k'khy

02

CS2

esa

uksV %& 4 xq.kksa ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA blds vfrfjDr Hkh vU; vUrj fy[ks
tk ldrs gSaA
mRrj 8 fojatd pw.kZ ds pkj mi;ksx %&
1-

;g eq[; :i ls :bZ] lu o ydM+h ds iYi ds fojatd esa mi;ksx


gksrk gSA

2-

;g ihus ds ikuh ds 'kqf)dj.k esa mi;ksx gksrk gSA

3-

DyksjksQkeZ ds fuekZ.k esa

4-

iz;ksx'kkyk esa vkWDlh dkjd dh rjg

uksV %& 4 mi;ksx fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gkssaxsaA


vFkok
mRRj %& Dyksjhu }kjk Qwyksa dk foajtu vkDlhdj.k f;k }kjk gksrk gSA
Cl 2 + H 2 0
2 HCl + [0 ]

jaxhu Qwy $
SO2

[0]

uotkr vkDlhtu

jaxghu Qwy

ds }kjk Qwyksa dk fojatu vip;u }kjk gksrk gSA

SO2 + H 2 O
2[H ] + SO3

uotkr gkbMkstu

jaxhu Qwy $ [H ] jaxghu Qwy


pwfda vipf;r jaxghu Qwy ok;q dh vkDlhtu ds }kjk iqu% vkDlhd`r
gksdj jaxhu gks tkrs gSA blh fy;s SO2 dk fojatu vLFkk;h gksrk gSA
uksV %& lgh dkj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksasxsA
m&9 %&
%&milg la;ksth ;ksfxdks esa vkoU/ku dh O;k[;k djus ds fy, lu~ 1893
esa ouZj us ,d fl)kUr izLrqr fd;k ftls ouZj leao; fl)kUr dgrs
gS bldh izeq[k vfHkxzghrsa fuEu fyf[kr gSA
1-

milg la;ksth ;kSfxdks esa /kkrq,sa] fo'ks"kr% lae.k /kkrq nks izdkj dh
la;kstdrk,as iznf'kZr djrh gSA
A izkFkfed la;kstdrk
B f}rh; la;kstdrk

2-

izkFkfed la;kstdrk,sa lkekU; :i ls vk;fud izdkj dh gksrh gSA rFkk


_.kk;uksa }kjk larq"V gksrh gSA

3-

f}rh;d la;kstdrk,sa vu&vk;fud gksrh gS tks mnklhu v.kqvksa ;k


_.kk;uksa }kjk larq"V gksrh gSA

4-

izR;sd /kkrq ijek.kw dh f}rh;d la;kstdrkvksa dh la[;k fuf'pr gksrh


gSA

5-

dsUnzh; /kkrq ls f}rh;d la;kstdrk ls vkcaf/kr vk;u ;k lewg fofHkUu


milg la;kstdrk la[;k ds vuq:i f}dLFkku esa fof'k"V :i lsa
O;ofLFkr jgrs gSA

uksV %& dksbZ 4 vfHkx`ghr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA


vFkok
1-

vk;uu leko;okrk %& os ;kSfxd ftuds v.kqlw= leku gksrs gS fdUrq


foy;u esa vk;uu ij fHkUu&fHkUu vk;u nsrs gS vk;uu leko;oh
dgykrs gSA mnkgj.kk;Z &

[CO(NH ) Br ]SO4 xgjk cSaxuh& ;g fo;yu esa


3 5

SO4

&2

vk;u nsrk gSA

[Co(NH ) SO ]Br yky & ;g foy;u esa


3 5

&

Br

vk;u nsrk gSA

2-

dkcZ/kkfRod ;kSfxdks ds egRoiw.kZ mi;ksx fuEu fyf[kr gSA

1-

mRizsjd ds :i esa %& dqN dkcZ/kkfRod ;ksfxdks dk mi;ksx mRiszjd ds


:i esa fd;k tkrk gS tSls ftxyj ukVk dk mi;ksx ,sydhuks ds
cgqyhdj.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

2-

dkcZfud la'ys"k.k esa %& dkcZ & yhfFk;e dk mi;ksx ,ydksgy]


dhVksu vkfn ds la'ys"k.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

uksV %& lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsA


mRrj 10 i ls.Mes;j vfHkf;k %&
C 6 H 5 Cl + N 2

/ HCl
C6 H 5 N 2Cl CuCl

cUthu Mk;ktks
Mk;ktksfu;e DyksjkbM

Dyksjks oSthu

ii gqUlMhdj vfHkf;k %&


C6 H 5COOAg + Br2 CCl

C6 H 5 Br + AgBr + CO2

flYoj oSUtks,V

czkseks oSthu

iii dkfcZy vehu vfHkf;k %&


C6 H 5 NH 2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH

C6 H 5 NC + 3KCl + 3H 2 O

,uhyhu
,uhyhu

Qsfuy vblks lkbukbM


dkfcZy vehu

iv oqVZt vfHkf;k
CH 3 Br + 2 N a + BrCH 3
CH 3 CH 3 + 2 N a Br

uksV %& 4 f;k,sa lehdj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA


vFkok
D;k gksrk gSa tcfd
i

C2 H5 Br++AgNO2
C2H5 NO2+AgBr

ii

CHCl3 + HNO3 C ( NO2 )Cl3 + H 2 O

iii

2CHCl3 +O2
2COCl 2+HCl

iv

2CHCl3 + 6 Ag
CH CH + 6 AgCl

dkcksZfuy dyksjkbM
QkLthu

,flVyhu

uksV %& 4 f;k,sa lehdj.k lfgr fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA


mRrj 11
xq.k
1 izdkj
2 izd`fr
3

FeCl3

ls f;k

PCl5

ls f;k

Qhuky
&OH lewg oSathu ukfHkd ds
vlar`Ir dkcZu ls tqM+k gksrk
gSA
uhys fyVel isij dks yky esa
cny nsrk gs vr% ;g vEyh;
izd`fr dk gSA
gsDlkQhukDlh vk;ju dk
oSaxuh jax nsrk gSA
vfUre mRikn ds :i esa VkbZ
Qsfuy QkLQsV curk gSA

uksV %& 4 varj fy[kus ij 4 vad izkIr gksaxsaA


ii

bZFkj cukus dh iz;ksx'kkyk fof/k %&

vYdksgy
&OH lewg ,Ydsu ds
lar`Ir dkcZu ls tqM+k
gksrk gSA
fyVel ds izfrmnklhu
gksrk gSA
dksbZ f;k ugha gksrh A
,fYdy DyksjkbM curk
gSA

C
C 2 H 5 OH + H 2 SO4 100

C 2 H 5 HSO4 + H 2 O
C
C 2 H 5 HSO4 + C 2 H 5 OH 140

(C 2 H 5 )2 0 + H 2 SO4

uksV %& 2 vad fp= o 2 vad lehdj.k fy[kus ij izkIr gksaxsA


mRrj & 12 QkesZfYMgkjM ds mi;ksx %&
i jksxk.kw uk'kd o izfrjks/kd ds :i esa
ii peZ m|ksx esa peZ'kks/kd ds :i esa
iii fQuksy ds lkFk cgqyhdj.k }kjk izkIr cSdsykbV uked cgqydl
dks cukus esa ftldk mi;ksx fo|qr fLop cukus esa fd;k tkrk gSA
iv QkesZyhu tks QkeZfYMgkbM dk 40 izfr'kr tyh; foy;u gS tks
tSo inkFkksZ ds laj{k.k esa iz;ksx gksrk gSA
uksV %& 4 mi;ksx nsus ij 4 vad izkIr gksxsaA
vFkok
ifdZu vfHkf;k %&
COONa
C6 H 5CHO + (CH 3CO )2 O CH
3
C6 H 5CH = CH COOH + CH 3COOH

jkstueqaM vfHkf;k &


Pd BaSO 4
CH 3COCl + H 2
CH 3CHO + HCl

uksV %& nks f;k;sa fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsA


mRrj & 13
ikWyh gkbMksDlh ,YMhgkbM] ikWyh gkbMkWDlh dhVksu vkSj ,sls o`gn
cgqydh; v.kq tks ty vi?kVu ij ikWyh gkbMkWDlh ,YMhgkbM ;k
ikWyh gkbMksDlh dhVksu nsrs gSa dkcksZgkbMsV dgykrs gSaA
mnkgj.k %& Xywdkst C6H12O6 QzDVksl] LVkpZ vkfn
1
tkZ ds L=ksr ds :i esa Xywdksl ean xfr ls vkWDlhd`r gksdj thoksa
ds fy;s fofHkUu tSfod dk;Z laiUu djus ds fy;s tkZ miyC/k djkrk
gSA
C6 H 12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6 H 2 O + tkZ

2
3
4

ikSyhlsdkjkbM igys ty vi?kVu ds }kjk Xywdkst mRiUu djrk gs


tks fQj vkWDlhd`r gksdj tkZ nsrk gSA
tkZ dk HkaMkj.k %& ekuo 'kjhj esa dkcksZgkbMsV XykbZdkstu ds :i esa
tkZ lafpr j[krk gSA chekjh ;k miokl vkfn esa Xykbdkstu Xywdkst
esa ifjofrZr gksdj tkZ miyC/k djkrk gSA
lajpuk dk vk/kkj & dkcksZgkbMsV lsywdkst isM+] ikS/kks dks vk/kkj
miyC/k djkrk gSA isM+ ikS/kks dh dksf'kdk fHkfRr lsywykst dh cuh gksrh
gSA
vkgkj & dqN dkcksZgkbMsV tSls Xywdkst o LVkpZ Hkkstu ds :i esa
dk;Z djrs gS ikpu f;k ds nkSjku ;s varr% Xywdkst esa ifjofrZr gksrs
gSA ;g Xywdkst 'olu ds nkSjku vkWDlhd`r gskdj 'kjhj ds fy;s
vko';d tkZ iznku djrk gSA

uksV %& ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad o dk;Z fy[kus ij 2 vad izkIr gksaxsA
vFkok
foVkfeu&Hkkstu esa lw{e ek=k esa vko';d os dkcZfud inkFkZ tks dqN
'kjhj f;kvksa dks fu;af=r djrs gSa ,oa 'kjhj dks LoLF; j[kus ds fy;s
fuf'pr chekfj;ksa ls j[kk djrs gSaA
foVkfeu A& jrkSanh
foVkfeu C& LdohZ
uksV %&
%&ifjHkk"kk
ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad ,oa izR;sd dh deh ls gksus okys jksxksa ds
uke fy[kus ij 1$1 vad izkIr gksaxsA
mRrj & 14
i vkpk;Z pjd %& ;s fpfdRlk'kkL= ds firk dgs tkrs gS buds
}kjk jfpr pjd lafgrk vk;qosZn dk fo'odks"k ekuk tkrk gSA tc
;wjksi esa fofHkUu fl)kaUrksa ds dkj.k 'kjhj jpuk foKkuh Hkzfer Fks rc
ije fo)ku vkpk;Z pjd us 'kjhj lajpuk Hkzw.k] fuekZ.k o fodkl]
Hkst"k~ foKku jDr lapkj vkfn ds fo"k; esa foLrkj ls Bksl tkudkjh
izLrqr dh A blds vfrfjdr e/kqesg {k;jksx] g`n; lEca/kuh chekfj;kas
dk funku o mipkj izLrqr fd;kA pjd lafgrk esa ,d yk[k
tM+h&cwfV;ksa dh xq.koRrk ,oa dk;Z iz.kkyh nh gSA
ii viektZd %& viektZd os jkl;kfud inkFkZ gS] tks /kwy xzhl ;k
rSyh; inkFkksZ dks gVkdj oL= vkfn dks lkQ dj nsrs gS bles lkcqu

tSlk xq.k gksrk gSA buij dBksj ty dk izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA tSls&
lksfM;e MksMsfly cSthu lYQksusV vkfn A
uksV %& i o ii fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksxsaA
vFkok
i

vQhe %& ;g ySVsDl gksrk gS blesa 25 ,YdsykWWbM gksrs gSA tSls%&


ekQhZu] dksMhu] ukdksZVhu] gsjksbu vkfnA ;g nnZ fuokjd o uhan ds
fy;s mi;ksxh gSA

ii

d`f=e e/kqdkjd %& og jkl;fud inkFkZ tks [kk| inkFkksZ esa feBkl
mRiUu djus ds fy;s iz;qDr fd;s tkrs gSA d`f=e e/kqdkjd dgykrs gS
tks fuEu gS &
1- lSdsfju
2-+
,fyVse
3lqkst
mi;ksx
i BaMs is; inkFkksZ esa feBkl iSnk djus ds fy, A
ii e/kqesg jksx ls ihfM+r O;fDr;ksa ds fy;sA

uksV %& izR;sd ds lgh mRrj fy[kus ij 2$2 vad izkIr gksaxsa
iz'u & 15
i

lae.k /kkrqvksa esa ;g xq.k ik;k tkrk gS ladqy ;kSfxd cukuk


leUo; cU/k bysDVku ;qXe ds vknku&iznku ds dkj.k curk gSA
lae.k /kkrq vk;u bysDVku ;qXe xzkgh dk dk;Z djrs gSA ,oa
NH3 ,H2O, C1, F, CN, etc fyxS.M ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gsA tks bysDVku
;qXe dks nku djrs gS vkSj mi lg la;kstd cU/k dk fuekZ.k djrs gSA
ladqy ;kSfxd cukus dh izo`fr dk dkj.k&

budk n-1d vkfcZVy fjDr jgrk gSA

bu ij mPp ukfHkdh; vkos'k gksrk gSA

ii

ik;jksyqlkbV MnO2 dks ok;qea.Myh; vkDlhtu ok;q esa


xje djus ij K2MnO4 gjs jax dk inkFkZ curk gSA
MnO2 + 4 KOH + O2 heat

2 K 2 Mn0 4 + 2 H 2 O

OH

ds lkFk

gjsa inkFkZ dks ty ds ds lkFk fu"df"kZr djds jlk;fud vkDlhdj.k


}kjk gjs foy;u esa Cl2 dh /kkjk izokfgr djus ls K2 MnO4, KMn04 eas
ifjofrZr gks tkrs gSA
lkUnzrk ,oa fLVyhdj.k dj KMn04 ds fLVy izkIr djfy, tkrs gSA
K 2 Mn0 4 + Cl2
2 KC1 + 2 KMnO4

uksV %& i o ii fy[kus ij 2$3 vad izkIr gksxsaA


vFkok
ysUFksukbM
,fDVukbM
1- ;s eq[; :i ls $3 rFkk ;kSfxdksa esa 1- ;s $3 ds vykok vius ;kSfxdksa esa
$2]$4 vkDlhdj.k voLFkk,a Hkh $4] $5] $6] $7 vkDlhdj.k voLFkk
iznf'kZr djrs gSA
Hkh iznf'kZr djrs gsA
2- ladqy cukus dh izo`fr de gksrh 2- ladqy cukus dh izo`fr vf/kd gksrh
gSA
gSA
3- buds ;kSfxd de {kkjh; gksrs gSA
3- buds ;kSfxd vf/kd {kkjh; gksrs gSA
4- ;s vkDlks vk;u ugha cukrs
4- ;g vkWDlks vk;u
5- izksfefFk;e ds vfrfjDr lHkh 5- lHkh ,fDVukbM jsfM;k/kehZ gksrs gSA
ySUFksukmM
ukWu
jsfM;ksa,fDVo
vjsfM;ks/kehZ gksrs gSA
uksV %& 5 varj fy[kus ij 5 vad izkIr gksxsaA blds vfrfjDr Hkh varj fy[ks
tk ldrs gSaA

iz'u & 16 jkmYV dk fu;e &

jkmYV ds fu;e dh lhek,W &


1lkanz fo;yuksa esa foys; vkSj foyk;d ds d.kksa ds e/; izcy vU;ksU;
f;k gksus ds dkj.k jkmYV dk fu;e ykxw ugha gksrk gSA
2-

;fn foys; foyk;d esa laxqf.kr ;k fo;ksftr gksrk gS rc ok"inkc ds


voue vkisf{kr eku ls fHkUu gksrk gSA

3-

;g fu;e dsoy vR;ar ruq foy;uksa ij gh ykxw gksrk gSA

4-

;g dsoy vkok"i'khy foys; ;qDr foy;uksa ij gh ykxw gksrk gSA

[uksV %& lgh fu;e fy[kus ij 3 vad o lhek,a fy[kus ij 2 vad izkIr
gksaxs]
vFkok
og izf;k ftl esa 'kq} foyk;d ds de lkanz foy;u esa ls mPp lkanz
foy;u esa v}ZikjxE; f>Yyh esa ls gksdj izokfgr gksrs gSA ijlj.k dgykrk gSA
ijklj.k dk nkc & fdlh v)ZikjxE; f>Yyh ds }kjk foyk;d ds
fo;yu esa cgko dks jksdus ds fy, foy;u ij yxk;k tkus okyk vfrfjDr
nkc ijklj.k nkc dgykrk gSA
;wfj;k dk v.kq Hkkj & 60 xzke eksy izfr yhVj xzke v.kq lkanz.k
pawfd ;wfj;k dk foy;u Xywdkst ds foy;u ls leijkljh gS
1
= Xywdkst dh izfr yhVj lkanzrk
10

6
1
=
60 10

180
1
W
=
10 180
W=

Xywdkst dh izfryhVj lkanzrk

180
= 18
10

18 xzke

uksV %& izR;sd dh ifjHkk"kk


ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 1$1 vad o loky lgh gy djus ij
3 vad izkIr gksaxsA
mRrj 17

vuqiz;ksx&
1-

nqcZy fo|qr vi?kV; dh vuUr ruqrk ij vkf.od pkydrk dk


fu/kkZj.k djukA

2-

fo;kstu dh ek=k Kkr djukA

3-

vYi foy; yo.kksa dh foy;rk Kkr djukA


uksV %& ifjHkk"kk
ifjHkk"kk fy[kus ij 2 vad ij vuqiz;ksx ij 3vad izkIr gksaxsA
vFkok
la{kkj.k & ok;qea.My esa mifLFkr xSlksa rFkk ueh }kjk /kkrqvksa dh /kheh
xfr ls voafNr ;ksfxdks esa cny tus dh izf;k la{kkj.k dgykrh gSA
yksgs esa tax yxuk la{kkj.k dk izeq[k mnkgj.k gSA
f;kfof/k & tax yxus dh fo|qr jlk;fud fl)kar &
bl fl)kar ds vuqlkj v'kq+) yksgs dh lrg fo|qr jklk;fud lSy dh
Hkkafr O;ogkj djrh gSA ,sls lsy esa 'kq) yksgk ,uksM rFkk v'kq) yksgk
dSFkksM dh rjg dk;Z djrk gSA ueh ftlesa O2 vksj CO2 foy;s gS]
fo|qr vi?kV~; dk dk;Z djrk gSA
,uksM ij &
dsFkksM ij &

Fe
Fe +2 + 2e

H 2 O + O2 + 4e
4OH

,uksM ij cus Fe+2 vk;u OH& vk;uksa ls f;k djds FeOH2 cukrs gS]
tks ok;qea.My dh vkSj O2 }kj ueh dh mifLFkfr esa gkbMsVsM vk;ju
vkWDlkbM cukrk gSA ;gh tax gSA
1
2 Fe(OH ) 2 + O2 + H 2 O
Fe2 O3 .xH 2 O
2

tax

uksV %& la{kkj.k dh ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad o la{kkj.k jklk;fud f;k


fof/k ij 3 vad izkIr gksasxsA

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